CN113470499B - Multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shielding - Google Patents
Multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shielding Download PDFInfo
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- CN113470499B CN113470499B CN202110647033.5A CN202110647033A CN113470499B CN 113470499 B CN113470499 B CN 113470499B CN 202110647033 A CN202110647033 A CN 202110647033A CN 113470499 B CN113470499 B CN 113470499B
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Abstract
The invention provides a multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shielding. The test device comprises a test base, a stand column, a rectangular frame, a transverse longitudinal beam, a special transparent soil model groove for the tunnel, a model groove track, a grouting system and a tunnel shield system. The rectangular frame is located directly over the test base and is connected between the rectangular frame and the test base through a plurality of stand columns, a model groove track is installed on the test base, a transparent soil model groove special for a tunnel is slidably installed on the model groove track, a grouting device is installed on a transverse longitudinal beam and is connected with a double-liquid grouting device through a grouting pipeline, and a tunnel shield system is installed on the test base. According to the invention, the grouting device and the tunnel shield excavation device are combined in one device, so that grouting and tunnel shield excavation working conditions can be simulated simultaneously, and the functionality and the utilization rate of the test device are improved; meanwhile, an automatic track is adopted, so that the carrying workload of the test model and the abandoned material is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transparent soil model tests, in particular to a multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shielding.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, the demand of infrastructure construction is increasing, and various tunnel engineering constructions are also in the trend of development. The shield method is the mainstream construction method of tunnel engineering, ground traffic and resident life are not influenced in the construction process, the efficiency of tunnel construction is greatly improved, and the guarantee is provided for tunnel engineering construction.
The tunnel construction can disturb the soil body, cause the ground to subside or swell, cause the surrounding soil body to generate larger deformation, cause the destruction. In order to control the surface settlement and prevent the water leakage of the pipe piece, a grouting construction process is often involved in the tunnel construction. The grouting construction process also usually takes deformation and pressure change of soil bodies into consideration.
However, the existing simulation test has a single research on grouting in tunnel construction, and cannot comprehensively simulate a series of variable factors existing in the construction process, so that the guidance effect of a simulation result on the site is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shielding, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is that the multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shielding comprises a test base, a stand column, a rectangular frame, transverse longitudinal beams, a model groove, a track system, a grouting system, a tunnel shielding system and a data acquisition system.
The upper surface of the test base is provided with a track system. The rail system comprises a model groove rail and a model groove bearing platform. The model groove bearing table can move along the model groove track. And the upper surface of the mold groove bearing table is provided with a mold groove. The mold groove is a rectangular box body with an open upper end. And a tunnel portal and a plurality of screw holes I are formed in the side wall of one side of the mold groove. Screw hole I centers on tunnel portal side. The model groove and the model groove bearing platform are both made of transparent materials. And filling a transparent soil sample in the model groove. And an underground structure model is arranged in the transparent soil sample.
A plurality of stand columns are further arranged on the upper surface of the test base. The rectangular frame is erected above the upright post. The rectangular frame comprises two cross beams and two longitudinal beams. The length direction of the cross beam is parallel to the length direction of the model groove track. The length direction of the longitudinal beam is perpendicular to the length direction of the model groove track. The upper surfaces of the two cross beams are provided with slide rails. The transverse longitudinal beams are erected between the two cross beams. The transverse longitudinal beams can move along the sliding rails. And the transverse longitudinal beam is provided with a drawing guide groove along the length direction.
The grouting system comprises a grouting device and a double-liquid grouting device. The slip casting device comprises a two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, a drawing pin and a slip casting needle head. The drawing sleeve is arranged on the two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm. The two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm can move in the vertical direction through pulling. The two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm is provided with an inner cavity. The grouting needle head is arranged at the tail end of the two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm. The drawing guide groove is embedded in the transverse longitudinal beam. The drawing can freely slide along the drawing guide groove.
The double-liquid grouting device comprises an air compressor, two liquid storage tanks, a gas transmission pipeline, a liquid outlet pipeline and a grouting pipeline. The gas transmission pipeline is communicated with the air compressor and the grouting holes of the liquid storage tank. The liquid outlet pipeline is communicated with the grouting pipeline and a slurry outlet hole of the liquid storage tank. One end of the grouting pipeline is communicated with the liquid outlet pipeline, and the other end of the grouting pipeline extends into the inner cavity of the two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm and then is communicated with the grouting needle head.
The tunnel shield system comprises an electric control gate valve, a model groove for unearthing, a tunnel model shield device and a torsion jacking device.
The model groove for unearthing is integrally a rectangular box body with an open upper end. And the side walls of two opposite sides of the model groove for unearthing are respectively provided with a tunnel side hole and a shaft lever side hole. The tunnel side hole and the shaft rod side hole are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the tunnel side hole is larger than that of the shaft rod side hole. And a cylindrical retaining wall structure extends inwards from the side hole of the tunnel. And a plurality of screw holes III are surrounded at the side of the side hole of the tunnel.
The electric control gate valve comprises a valve body and a screw. And the inlet and outlet channels of the valve body are provided with outer curled edges. And a plurality of screw holes II are formed in the outer curled edge. And the inlet channel of the valve body is communicated with the tunnel opening. The screw passes screw hole I and screw hole II in proper order, with automatically controlled gate valve and model groove fixed connection. And the outlet channel of the valve body is communicated with the tunnel side hole. And the screw sequentially penetrates through the screw hole III and the screw hole II to fixedly connect the electric control gate valve with the model groove for unearthing.
The tunnel model shield device comprises a shaft lever, an outer wall, a cutting disc, a partition plate and a sealing rubber ring III. The shaft lever, the outer wall, the cutting disc and the partition board are all made of transparent materials. The outer wall is a hollow cylinder with two open ends. The whole cutting disc is a circular disc. And a connecting port is arranged in the center of the cutting disc. And a plurality of material cutting ports are arranged around the square connecting port of the connecting port. The whole shaft lever is a round rod. The stretching end of the shaft lever is provided with a connecting bulge I (01). And the extending end of the shaft lever is provided with a connecting bulge II. The connecting bulge I is embedded in the connecting opening. The shaft lever is sleeved with a partition plate and a sealing rubber ring III. The shaft is received in the inner cavity of the outer wall. The cutting disc seals one end of the outer wall open. The other end of the extending end of the shaft lever extending out of the outer wall is open. The outer circumference of the partition engages the inner wall of the outer wall. The inner cavity of the outer wall is divided into a balance bin and a soil outlet bin by the partition plate. The face of the clapboard is provided with a soil outlet. The tunnel model shield device is accommodated in a cylindrical retaining wall structure. And the sealing rubber ring III is tightly attached to the inner wall of the mold groove. And the connecting bulge II extends out of the side hole of the shaft lever and then is connected with the torsion jacking device.
The data acquisition system comprises an earth pressure gauge, a laser emitter, a CDD camera, a strain gauge and a computer. The soil pressure meter is embedded in the transparent soil sample in advance. The strain gauge is pre-applied to an underground structural model. The laser emitter and the CDD camera are arranged outside the model groove. And laser emitted by the laser emitter forms a laser plane in the transparent soil sample. The shooting direction of the CDD camera is located in the normal direction of the laser plane.
In operation, the model tank is transported to a designated location via a rail system. The grouting system simulates a grouting test. The tunnel shield system simulates a tunnel shield excavation test. And the data acquisition system records the test result.
Further, the mold groove bearing table is provided with at least two rail wheel shafts. And pulleys are rotatably connected to two ends of the rail wheel shaft. The pulley is used for moving on the model groove track.
Furthermore, sealing rubber rings II are arranged at the joint positions of the valve body, the model groove and the unearthing model groove. And sealing rubber rings I are arranged at the joint positions of the screw head, the model groove and the unearthing model groove.
Furthermore, a pipeline of the gas transmission pipeline is connected with a pressure sensor and an electric control regulating valve.
Further, the air compressor has an operation panel.
Furthermore, the joint positions of the liquid storage tank and the liquid outlet pipeline are both provided with an electric control regulating valve.
Further, the surface of the tunnel model shield apparatus is coated with an anti-reflection coating.
Further, the laser emitter is a sheet laser. The wavelength of the laser emitter is 532 nm. The output power of the laser transmitter is 2W, 3W or 5W.
The technical effects of the invention are undoubted:
A. the grouting device and the tunnel shield excavation device are combined in one device, so that grouting and tunnel shield excavation working conditions can be simulated simultaneously, and the functionality and the utilization rate of the test device are improved;
B. the automatic track is adopted, so that the carrying workload of the test model and the waste materials is reduced;
C. an electric control gate valve is used, so that the transparent soil model groove special for the tunnel can be independently used, and automatic carrying of the transparent soil model is realized;
D. different grouting needles can be replaced according to the simulated grouting condition, and the grouting simulation working condition is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a test apparatus;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the test device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a mold slot configuration;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a slip casting machine;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a dual-fluid grouting device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an electrically controlled gate valve;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a model groove structure for unearthing;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a tunnel shield apparatus;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the tunnel shield apparatus;
figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel shield apparatus;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a cutting disc structure;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a twist jacking device.
In the figure: the device comprises a test base 1, an upright column 2, a rectangular frame 3, a slide rail 301, a transverse longitudinal beam 4, a drawing guide groove 401, a model groove 5, a tunnel portal 501, a screw hole I502, a rail system 6, a model groove rail 601, a model groove bearing table 602, a pulley 603, a grouting device 7, a loading and unloading mechanical arm 701, a drawing 702, a twisting device 703, a rotary machine 704, a grouting needle 705, an electric control gate valve 8, a valve body 801, a screw hole II 8011, a screw 802, a sealing rubber ring I803, a sealing rubber ring II 804, a model groove 9 for unearthing, a tunnel side hole 901, a cylindrical retaining wall structure 902, a screw hole III 903, a tunnel model shield device 10, a shaft rod 1001, a connecting bulge I10011, a connecting bulge II 10012, an outer wall 1002, a balance bin 10021, an unearthing bin 10022, a cutting disc 1003, a cutting port 10031, a connecting port 10032, a partition 1004, an unearthing port 10041, a sealing rubber ring 1005, a jacking device 11, a hydraulic lifting platform 12, a lifting platform and a hydraulic lifting platform Hydraulic lifting upright 1201, cradle head 1202, computer 13, double-liquid grouting device 14, air compressor 1401, operation panel 14011, liquid storage tank 1402, air transmission pipeline 1403, pressure sensor 14031, electric control regulating valve 14032, liquid outlet pipeline 1404 and grouting pipeline 1405.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the embodiment provides a multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shield tunneling, which includes a test base 1, a stand column 2, a rectangular frame 3, a transverse longitudinal beam 4, a mold groove 5, a track system 6, a grouting system, a tunnel shield system and a data acquisition system.
The upper surface of the test bed 1 is provided with a rail system 6. Referring to fig. 3, the track system 6 includes a model trough track 601 and a model trough carrier 602. The mold chase holder 602 is movable along the mold chase rail 601. The model trough carrier 602 has two rail axles. Pulleys 603 are rotatably connected to both ends of the rail wheel shaft. The pulley 603 is adapted to move on the model groove track 601. A mold groove 5 is arranged on the upper surface of the mold groove bearing platform 602. The mold groove 5 is a rectangular box body with an open upper end. And a tunnel portal 501 and a screw hole I502 are arranged on the side wall of one side of the mold groove 5. The screw hole I502 surrounds the side of the tunnel portal 501. The model groove 5 and the model groove bearing platform 602 are both made of transparent materials. And a transparent soil sample is filled in the mold groove 5. And an underground structure model is arranged in the transparent soil sample.
The upper surface of the test base 1 is also provided with 4 upright posts 2. The 4 stand columns are fixed at four corners of the test base 1. The rectangular frame 3 is erected above the upright 2. The rectangular frame 3 includes two cross members and two longitudinal members. The length direction of the beam is parallel to the length direction of the model groove rail 601. The longitudinal direction of the longitudinal beam is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the model groove rail 601. The upper surfaces of the two cross beams are provided with slide rails 301. The transverse longitudinal beams 4 are erected between the two cross beams. The cross stringers 4 are movable along the slide rails 301. The transverse longitudinal beam 4 is provided with a drawing guide groove 401 along the length direction.
The grouting system comprises a grouting device 7 and a double-liquid grouting device 14. Referring to fig. 4, the grouting device 7 includes a two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, a draw-pull 702 and a grouting needle 705. The pull 702 is sleeved on the two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm. The two degree-of-freedom robot arm may be moved in a vertical direction by a pull 702. The two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm is provided with an inner cavity. The grouting needle 705 is disposed at the end of a two-degree-of-freedom robot arm. The drawing 702 is embedded in the transverse longitudinal beam 4 through the drawing guide groove 401. The drawer 702 can slide freely along the drawer guide slot 401. In this embodiment, the two-degree-of-freedom robot arm includes an upper part which is connected in sequence from top to bottom and can rotate around the vertical direction, and the rotating machine 704 can rotate around the longitudinal beam direction. The two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm can accurately realize the insertion of the grouting needle at any angle. The grouting needle 705 is designed to be detachable, and needles with different opening forms can be assembled according to actual needs to complete various grouting operations.
Referring to fig. 5, the dual fluid grouting device 14 includes an air compressor 1401, two fluid tanks 1402, a gas transmission pipe 1403, a liquid outlet pipe 1404, and a grouting pipe 1405. The gas transmission pipeline 1403 is communicated with the grouting holes of the air compressor 1401 and the liquid storage tank 1402. The liquid outlet pipe 1404 is communicated with a grouting pipe 1405 and a liquid outlet hole of the liquid storage tank 1402. One end of the grouting pipeline 1405 is communicated with the liquid outlet pipeline 1404, and the other end of the grouting pipeline is communicated with the grouting needle 705 after extending into the inner cavity of the two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm. The air compressor 1401 is used for providing grouting power. The reservoir 1402 is used to store slurry. The pipeline of the gas transmission pipeline 1403 is connected with a pressure sensor 14031 and an electric control regulating valve 14032 for monitoring and regulating the gas pressure at the outlet in real time. In this embodiment, the air compressor 1401 has an operation panel 14011. And the joint position of the liquid storage tank 1402 and the liquid outlet pipeline 1404 is provided with an electric control regulating valve. The grouting mixing ratio of the double-liquid grouting system can be adjusted through the two electric control adjusting valves, one of the electric control adjusting valves can be closed, and the double-liquid grouting system is used as a single-liquid grouting system.
The tunnel shield system comprises an electric control gate valve 8, a model groove 9 for unearthing, a tunnel model shield device 10 and a torsion jacking device 11.
Referring to fig. 7, the model groove 9 for unearthing is a rectangular box body with an open upper end as a whole. The side walls of two opposite sides of the unearthed model groove 9 are respectively provided with a tunnel side hole 901 and a shaft rod side hole. The tunnel side hole 901 and the shaft rod side hole are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the tunnel side hole 901 is larger than that of the shaft rod side hole. The diameter of the tunnel side hole 901 is the same as the diameter of the tunnel. The tunnel side holes 901 extend inward to form a cylindrical retaining wall structure 902. And a screw hole III 903 is surrounded beside the side hole 901 of the tunnel.
Referring to fig. 6, the electrically controlled gate valve 8 includes a valve body 801 and a screw 802. The inlet and outlet channels of the valve body 801 are provided with outer curled edges. And a plurality of screw holes II 8011 are arranged on the outer curled edge. The inlet channel of the valve body 801 communicates with the tunnel portal 501. And a screw 802 sequentially penetrates through the screw hole I502 and the screw hole II 8011 to fixedly connect the electric control gate valve 8 with the mold groove 5. The outlet passage of the valve body 801 communicates with the tunnel side hole 901. And a screw 802 sequentially penetrates through the screw hole III 903 and the screw hole II 8011 to fixedly connect the electric control gate valve 8 with the model groove 9 for soil excavation. And sealing rubber rings II 804 are arranged at the joint positions of the valve body 801, the mold groove 5 and the unearthing mold groove 9. And sealing rubber rings I803 are arranged at the joint positions of the heads of the screws 802, the model grooves 5 and the model grooves 9 for unearthing.
Referring to fig. 8 to 11, the tunnel model shield apparatus 10 includes a shaft 1001, an outer wall 1002, a cutting disc 1003, a partition 1004, and a sealing rubber ring iii 1005. The shaft 1001, the outer wall 1002, the cutting disc 1003 and the partition 1004 are made of transparent materials. The surface of the tunnel model shield device 10 is coated with an anti-reflection coating to prevent an excessively strong bright spot field from being generated on the surrounding soil due to the reflection action of the transparent material of the tunnel, thereby influencing the test result.
The outer wall 1002 is a hollow cylinder with two open ends. The cutting plate 1003 is a circular plate as a whole. A connection port 10032 is formed in the center of the cutting plate 1003. A plurality of material cutting ports 10031 are provided around the square connecting port 10032 of the connecting port 10032. The shaft 1001 is a round rod as a whole. The extending end of the shaft rod 1001 is provided with a connecting protrusion I10011. The extending end of the shaft rod 1001 is provided with a connecting protrusion II 10012. The connecting protrusion i 10011 is embedded in the connecting opening 10032. The shaft 1001 is sleeved with a partition 1004 and a sealing rubber ring III 1005. The shaft 1001 is received within the interior cavity of the outer wall 1002. The cutting disc 1003 seals one end of the outer wall 1002 open. The other end of the shaft 1001 extending out of the outer wall 1002 is open. The outer circumference of the partition 1004 engages the inner wall of the outer wall 1002. The partition 1004 separates the inner cavity of the outer wall 1002 into a surge bin 10021 and a spoil bin 10022. The partition 1004 has a soil outlet 10041 on the surface. The tunnel model shield apparatus 10 is housed in a cylindrical retaining wall structure 902. The sealing rubber ring III 1005 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the model groove 9 for unearthing. And the connecting protrusion II 10012 extends out of the side hole of the shaft lever and then is connected with the torsion jacking device 11. Referring to fig. 12, the front shaft of the twist jacking device 11 is provided with a square coupling slot 1101. The hydraulic lifting cloud platform consists of a hydraulic lifting upright column 1201 and a cloud platform 1202. The middle of the cradle head 1202 is provided with a sliding groove 12021, and the hydraulic lifting upright 1201 can lift up and down.
The data acquisition system comprises an earth pressure gauge, a laser emitter, a CDD camera, a strain gauge and a computer 13. The soil pressure gauge is embedded in the transparent soil sample in advance. The strain gauge is pre-applied to an underground structural model. The laser emitter and CDD camera are arranged outside the dummy groove 5. And laser emitted by the laser emitter forms a laser plane in the transparent soil sample. The shooting direction of the CDD camera is located in the normal direction of the laser plane. The soil pressure meter, the laser emitter, the CDD camera and the strain gauge are all electrically connected with the computer 13.
In operation, the mould groove 5 is transported to a designated location by means of the rail system 6. The grouting system simulates a grouting test. The tunnel shield system simulates a tunnel shield excavation test. And the data acquisition system records the test result.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a basic multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shielding, which is characterized by comprising a test base 1, stand columns 2, a rectangular frame 3, transverse longitudinal beams 4, a model groove 5, a track system 6, a grouting system, a tunnel shield system and a data acquisition system.
The upper surface of the test bed 1 is provided with a rail system 6. The rail system 6 comprises a model tank rail 601 and a model tank carrier table 602. The mold chase holder 602 is movable along the mold chase rail 601. A mold groove 5 is arranged on the upper surface of the mold groove bearing platform 602. The mold groove 5 is a rectangular box body with an open upper end. A tunnel portal 501 and a plurality of screw holes I502 are arranged on the side wall of one side of the mold groove 5. The screw hole I502 surrounds the side of the tunnel portal 501. The model groove 5 and the model groove bearing platform 602 are both made of transparent materials.
A plurality of stand columns 2 are further arranged on the upper surface of the test base 1. The rectangular frame 3 is erected above the upright 2. The rectangular frame 3 includes two cross members and two longitudinal members. The length direction of the beam is parallel to the length direction of the model groove rail 601. The longitudinal direction of the longitudinal beam is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the model groove rail 601. The upper surfaces of the two cross beams are provided with slide rails 301. The transverse longitudinal beams 4 are erected between the two cross beams. The cross stringers 4 are movable along the slide rails 301. The transverse longitudinal beam 4 is provided with a drawing guide groove 401 along the length direction.
The grouting system comprises a grouting device 7 and a double-liquid grouting device 14. The grouting device 7 comprises a two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, a pull-out 702 and a grouting needle 705. The pull 702 is sleeved on the two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm. The two degree-of-freedom robot arm may be moved in a vertical direction by a pull 702. The two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm is provided with an inner cavity. The grouting needle 705 is disposed at the end of a two-degree-of-freedom robot arm. The drawing 702 is embedded in the transverse longitudinal beam 4 through the drawing guide groove 401. The drawer 702 can slide freely along the drawer guide slot 401.
The double-liquid grouting device 14 comprises an air compressor 1401, two liquid storage tanks 1402, a gas transmission pipeline 1403, a liquid outlet pipeline 1404 and a grouting pipeline 1405. The gas transmission pipeline 1403 is communicated with the air compressor 1401 and the grouting holes of the liquid storage tank 1402. The liquid outlet pipe 1404 is communicated with a grouting pipe 1405 and a liquid outlet hole of the liquid storage tank 1402. One end of the grouting pipeline 1405 is communicated with the liquid outlet pipeline 1404, and the other end of the grouting pipeline is communicated with the grouting needle 705 after extending into the inner cavity of the two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm.
The tunnel shield system comprises an electric control gate valve 8, a model groove 9 for unearthing, a tunnel model shield device 10 and a torsion jacking device 11.
The whole unearthed model groove 9 is a rectangular box with an open upper end. The side walls of two opposite sides of the unearthed model groove 9 are respectively provided with a tunnel side hole 901 and a shaft rod side hole. The tunnel side hole 901 and the shaft rod side hole are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the tunnel side hole 901 is larger than that of the shaft rod side hole. The diameter of the tunnel side hole 901 is the same as the diameter of the tunnel. The tunnel side holes 901 extend inward to form a cylindrical retaining wall structure 902. A plurality of screw holes iii 903 are surrounded beside the tunnel side hole 901.
The electrically controlled gate valve 8 comprises a valve body 801 and a screw 802. The inlet and outlet channels of the valve body 801 are provided with outer curled edges. And a plurality of screw holes II 8011 are formed in the outer curled edge. The inlet channel of the valve body 801 communicates with the tunnel portal 501. And a screw 802 sequentially penetrates through the screw hole I502 and the screw hole II 8011 to fixedly connect the electric control gate valve 8 with the mold groove 5. The outlet passage of the valve body 801 communicates with the tunnel side hole 901. And a screw 802 sequentially penetrates through the screw hole III 903 and the screw hole II 8011 to fixedly connect the electric control gate valve 8 with the model groove 9 for unearthing.
The tunnel model shield apparatus 10 comprises a shaft 1001, an outer wall 1002, a cutter disc 1003, a partition 1004 and a sealing rubber ring iii 1005. The shaft 1001, the outer wall 1002, the cutting disc 1003 and the partition 1004 are made of transparent materials. The outer wall 1002 is a hollow cylinder with two open ends. The cutting disc 1003 is a circular disc as a whole. A connection port 10032 is formed in the center of the cutting plate 1003. A plurality of cutting ports 10031 are provided around the square connecting port 10032 of the connecting port 10032. The shaft 1001 is a round rod as a whole. The extending end of the shaft rod 1001 is provided with a connecting protrusion I10011. The extending end of the shaft rod 1001 is provided with a connecting protrusion II 10012. The connecting protrusion i 10011 is embedded in the connecting opening 10032. The shaft 1001 is sleeved with a partition 1004 and a sealing rubber ring III 1005. The shaft 1001 is received within the interior cavity of the outer wall 1002. The cutting disc 1003 seals one end of the outer wall 1002 open. The protruding end of the shaft 1001 protrudes out of the other end of the outer wall 1002 and is open. The outer circumference of the partition 1004 engages the inner wall of the outer wall 1002. The partition 1004 separates the inner cavity of the outer wall 1002 into a surge bin 10021 and a spoil bin 10022. The partition 1004 has a soil outlet 10041 on the surface. The tunnel model shield apparatus 10 is housed in a cylindrical retaining wall structure 902. The sealing rubber ring III 1005 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the model groove 9 for unearthing. And the connecting protrusion II 10012 extends out of the side hole of the shaft lever and then is connected with the torsion jacking device 11.
The data acquisition system comprises an earth pressure gauge, a laser emitter, a CDD camera, a strain gauge and a computer 13.
During work, transparent soil samples are filled in the mold grooves 5 and are conveyed to designated positions through the rail system 6. The grouting system simulates a grouting test. The tunnel shield system simulates a tunnel shield excavation test. And the data acquisition system records the test result.
Example 3:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, wherein the mold-type groove carrier 602 has at least two rail axles. Pulleys 603 are rotatably connected to both ends of the rail wheel shaft. The pulley 603 is adapted to move on the model groove track 601.
Example 4:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, wherein a sealing rubber ring ii 804 is arranged at the joint position of the valve body 801, the mold groove 5 and the unearthing mold groove 9. And sealing rubber rings I803 are arranged at the joint positions of the heads of the screws 802, the model grooves 5 and the model grooves 9 for unearthing.
Example 5:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, wherein a pressure sensor 14031 and an electrically controlled regulating valve 14032 are connected to the pipeline of the gas transmission pipeline 1403 for real-time monitoring and regulating the gas pressure at the outlet.
Example 6:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, wherein the air compressor 1401 has an operation panel 14011.
Example 7:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, wherein the joint position of the liquid storage tank 1402 and the liquid outlet pipe 1404 is provided with an electrically controlled regulating valve. The grouting mixing ratio of the double-liquid grouting system can be adjusted through the two electric control adjusting valves, one of the electric control adjusting valves can be closed, and the double-liquid grouting system is used as a single-liquid grouting system.
Example 8:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, wherein the surface of the tunnel model shield apparatus 10 is coated with an anti-reflection coating to prevent the generation of an excessively strong bright spot field on the surrounding soil due to the reflection of the transparent material of the tunnel, thereby affecting the test result.
Example 9:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as embodiment 2, wherein the laser emitter is a sheet laser; the wavelength of the laser emitter is 532 nm; the output power of the laser transmitter is 2W, 3W or 5W.
Example 9:
this example provides a method for testing the testing apparatus of example 1, wherein the method for simulating the use of grouting includes the following steps:
1-1) installing the test device and debugging.
1-2) installing an electric control gate valve 8 on the mold groove 5 and keeping the electric control gate valve closed.
1-3) manufacturing a transparent soil model required by the test in the model groove 5, and conveying the transparent soil model to a specified position of the test base 1 through a model groove rail 6.
1-4) adjusting the positions of the transverse longitudinal beam 4 and the drawing and pulling 702, and adjusting the height of the loading and unloading mechanical arm 701 through the drawing and pulling 702 to enable the grouting needle 705 to be located at the specified position of the transparent soil model.
1-5) starting an air compressor 1401 for grouting, obtaining displacement change images, stress and strain changes and seepage flow change images of soil bodies in the grouting process through a data acquisition system, performing image post-processing by using PIVview2C software, removing the model groove 9 for unearthing after grouting is completed, and removing soil materials.
The using method for the simulation shield comprises the following steps:
2-1) installing the test device and debugging.
2-2) installing the electric control gate valve 8 on the model groove 9 for unearthing, and keeping closing.
2-3) manufacturing a transparent soil model required by the test in the model groove 5, and conveying the transparent soil model to a specified position of the test base through a model groove rail 6.
2-4) adjusting the position of the mold groove 5, simultaneously installing the electric control gate valve 801 on the model groove 9 for unearthing, injecting transparent mineral oil which is the same as that in the mold groove 5 into the model groove 9 for unearthing, and enabling the liquid levels in the two mold grooves to be flush.
2-5) adjusting the hydraulic lifting upright 1201 to enable the torsion jacking device 11 to be in butt joint with the shaft rod 1001.
2-6) starting the torsion jacking device 11 to perform tunnel shield excavation, obtaining displacement change images, stress and strain changes of soil bodies in the shield excavation process through a data acquisition system, performing image post-processing by using PIVview2C software, removing the model groove 5 after the shield excavation is finished, and removing soil materials.
Claims (8)
1. A multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shield tunneling is characterized by comprising a test base (1), stand columns (2), a rectangular frame (3), transverse longitudinal beams (4), a model groove (5), a track system (6), a grouting system, a tunnel shield system and a data acquisition system;
a track system (6) is arranged on the upper surface of the test base (1); the rail system (6) comprises a model groove rail (601) and a model groove bearing platform (602); the model groove bearing table (602) can move along the model groove track (601); the upper surface of the model groove bearing platform (602) is provided with a model groove (5); the mold groove (5) is a rectangular box body with an open upper end; a tunnel opening (501) and a plurality of screw holes I (502) are formed in the side wall of one side of the mold groove (5); the screw hole I (502) surrounds the side of the tunnel portal (501); the model groove (5) and the model groove bearing platform (602) are both made of transparent materials; transparent soil samples are filled in the mold grooves (5); an underground structure model is arranged in the transparent soil sample;
the upper surface of the test base (1) is also provided with a plurality of upright posts (2); the rectangular frame (3) is erected above the upright post (2); the rectangular frame (3) comprises two cross beams and two longitudinal beams; the length direction of the cross beam is parallel to the length direction of the model groove track (601); the length direction of the longitudinal beam is vertical to the length direction of the model groove track (601); the upper surfaces of the two cross beams are provided with slide rails (301); the transverse longitudinal beam (4) is erected between the two cross beams; the transverse longitudinal beams (4) can move along the slide rails (301); the transverse longitudinal beam (4) is provided with a drawing guide groove (401) along the length direction;
the grouting system comprises a grouting device (7) and a double-liquid grouting device (14); the grouting device (7) comprises a two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, a drawing and pulling device (702) and a grouting needle head (705); the drawing (702) is sleeved on the two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm; the two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm can move in the vertical direction through drawing (702); the two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm is provided with an inner cavity; the grouting needle head (705) is arranged at the tail end of the two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm; the drawing guide (702) is embedded on the transverse longitudinal beam (4) through a drawing guide groove (401); the drawing (702) can freely slide along the drawing guide groove (401);
the double-liquid grouting device (14) comprises an air compressor (1401), two liquid storage tanks (1402), a gas transmission pipeline (1403), a liquid outlet pipeline (1404) and a grouting pipeline (1405); the gas transmission pipeline (1403) is communicated with the air compressor (1401) and the grouting holes of the liquid storage tank (1402); the liquid outlet pipeline (1404) is communicated with a grouting pipeline (1405) and a slurry outlet hole of the liquid storage tank (1402); one end of the grouting pipeline (1405) is communicated with the liquid outlet pipeline (1404), and the other end of the grouting pipeline extends into the inner cavity of the two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm and then is communicated with the grouting needle (705);
the tunnel shield system comprises an electric control gate valve (8), a model groove (9) for unearthing, a tunnel model shield device (10) and a torsion jacking device (11);
the whole unearthing mold groove (9) is a rectangular box body with an opening at the upper end; the side walls of two opposite sides of the model groove (9) for unearthing are respectively provided with a tunnel side hole (901) and a shaft lever side hole; the tunnel side hole (901) and the shaft rod side hole are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the tunnel side hole (901) is larger than that of the shaft rod side hole; the tunnel side hole (901) extends inwards to form a cylindrical retaining wall structure (902); a plurality of screw holes III (903) are surrounded beside the tunnel side hole (901);
the electric control gate valve (8) comprises a valve body (801) and a screw (802); the inlet and outlet channels of the valve body (801) are provided with outer curled edges; a plurality of screw holes II (8011) are arranged on the outer curled edge; an inlet channel of the valve body (801) is communicated with the tunnel opening (501); a screw (802) sequentially penetrates through the screw hole I (502) and the screw hole II (8011) to fixedly connect the electric control gate valve (8) with the mold groove (5); an outlet channel of the valve body (801) is communicated with the tunnel side hole (901); a screw (802) sequentially penetrates through the screw hole III (903) and the screw hole II (8011) to fixedly connect the electric control gate valve (8) with the model groove (9) for soil excavation;
the tunnel model shield device (10) comprises a shaft rod (1001), an outer wall (1002), a cutting disc (1003), a partition plate (1004) and a sealing rubber ring III (1005); the shaft rod (1001), the outer wall (1002), the cutting disc (1003) and the partition plate (1004) are all made of transparent materials; the outer wall (1002) is a hollow cylinder with two open ends; the cutting disc (1003) is a circular disc as a whole; a connecting port (10032) is formed in the center of the cutting disc (1003); a plurality of material cutting ports (10031) are arranged around the square connecting port (10032) of the connecting port (10032); the shaft rod (1001) is a round rod as a whole; a connecting bulge I (10011) is arranged at the extending end of the shaft lever (1001); a connecting protrusion II (10012) is arranged at the extending end of the shaft lever (1001); the connecting bulge I (10011) is embedded in the connecting port (10032); a clapboard (1004) and a sealing rubber ring III (1005) are sleeved on the shaft rod (1001); the shaft rod (1001) is accommodated in an inner cavity of the outer wall (1002); the cutting disc (1003) seals one end of the outer wall (1002) from an opening; the extending end of the shaft lever (1001) extends out of the other end of the outer wall (1002) and is open; the outer circumference of the partition (1004) engages the inner wall of the outer wall (1002); the partition (1004) divides the inner cavity of the outer wall (1002) into a balance bin (10021) and a soil discharging bin (10022); the plate surface of the clapboard (1004) is provided with a soil outlet (10041); the tunnel model shield arrangement (10) is housed in a cylindrical retaining wall structure (902); the sealing rubber ring III (1005) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the model groove (9) for unearthing; the connecting bulge II (10012) extends out of the side hole of the shaft lever and then is connected with the torsion jacking device (11);
the data acquisition system comprises an earth pressure gauge, a laser emitter, a CDD camera, a strain gauge and a computer (13); the soil pressure meter is embedded in the transparent soil sample in advance; the strain gauge is applied to the underground structure model in advance; the laser emitter and the CDD camera are arranged outside the model groove (5); laser emitted by the laser emitter forms a laser plane in the transparent soil sample; the shooting direction of the CDD camera is positioned in the normal direction of the laser plane; the soil pressure meter, the laser emitter, the CDD camera and the strain gauge are electrically connected with a computer (13);
when the device works, the mold groove (5) is conveyed to a designated position through the rail system (6); the grouting system simulates a grouting test; the tunnel shield system simulates a tunnel shield excavation test; and the data acquisition system records the test result.
2. The multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shielding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mold groove bearing table (602) is provided with at least two rail wheel shafts; two ends of the rail wheel shaft are rotatably connected with pulleys (603); the pulley (603) is used for moving on a model groove rail (601).
3. The multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shielding according to claim 1, characterized in that: a sealing rubber ring II (804) is arranged at the joint position of the valve body (801), the model groove (5) and the unearthing model groove (9); and a sealing rubber ring I (803) is arranged at the joint position of the head of the screw (802) and the model groove (5) and the model groove (9) for unearthing.
4. The multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shielding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pipeline of the gas transmission pipeline (1403) is connected with a pressure sensor (14031) and an electric control regulating valve (14032).
5. The multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shielding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air compressor (1401) has an operation panel (14011).
6. The multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shielding according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the joint positions of the liquid storage tank (1402) and the liquid outlet pipeline (1404) are provided with electric control regulating valves.
7. The multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shielding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surface of the tunnel model shield apparatus (10) is coated with an anti-reflection coating.
8. The multifunctional transparent soil model test device for simulating grouting and shielding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the laser emitter is a sheet laser; the wavelength of the laser emitter is 532 nm; the output power of the laser transmitter is 2W, 3W or 5W.
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