CN113467320A - Weak signal detection algorithm based on gain compensation - Google Patents
Weak signal detection algorithm based on gain compensation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113467320A CN113467320A CN202110822583.6A CN202110822583A CN113467320A CN 113467320 A CN113467320 A CN 113467320A CN 202110822583 A CN202110822583 A CN 202110822583A CN 113467320 A CN113467320 A CN 113467320A
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- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
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- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
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Abstract
本发明涉及基于增益补偿的微弱信号检测算法，所述检测算法为：在放大微弱信号电路中的差分放大器输入端各增加一个跟随器起到阻抗匹配的作用，然后将经过差分放大后的微弱信号送入单片机进行增益补偿；所述算法中，从放大器中提取出信号送入单片机，对信号进行傅里叶分解，对全波形中的离散点进行增益补偿。本发明涉及的方法在差分放大器的输入端各加了一个跟随器，利用它的输入高阻抗、输出低阻抗的特性，使得它在电路中可以起到阻抗匹配的作用；从放大器中提取出信号送入单片机，采用离散谐振点增益补偿的方式，不是补偿全波形，而是着重关心干扰点增益补偿，从而抵消放大器带宽的影响。
The invention relates to a weak signal detection algorithm based on gain compensation. The detection algorithm is as follows: adding a follower to the input end of a differential amplifier in an amplifying weak signal circuit to play the role of impedance matching, and then adding a differential amplifier to the weak signal. The signal is sent to the single-chip microcomputer for gain compensation; in the algorithm, the signal is extracted from the amplifier and sent to the single-chip computer to perform Fourier decomposition on the signal and gain compensation for discrete points in the full waveform. The method involved in the invention adds a follower to the input end of the differential amplifier, and makes use of its characteristics of high input impedance and low output impedance, so that it can play the role of impedance matching in the circuit; the signal is extracted from the amplifier. It is sent to the single-chip microcomputer, and the discrete resonance point gain compensation method is adopted. Instead of compensating the full waveform, it focuses on the gain compensation of the interference point, thereby offsetting the influence of the amplifier bandwidth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of weak signal detection, in particular to a weak signal detection algorithm based on gain compensation.
Background
With the development of society and technology in China, the detection of various weak signals is more and more emphasized by people. The weak signal is an extremely weak useful signal deeply buried in background noise, which is small and weak, and is not easy to be received, sensed or received by equipment, and may cause uncertainty of a final result, how to obtain a part of signals required by the user, and some amplification circuits are particularly important.
As shown in fig. 1, the differential amplifier circuit has a strong ability to suppress common-mode input signals, but has no significant effect on differential-mode signals, so that the differential amplifier circuit generally performs an input stage and an intermediate stage of integrated operation, and can suppress the effect, such as temperature noise, on the circuit caused by the change of external conditions. In small signal processing, signals are generally led to pass through a differential amplification circuit, so that the signal-to-noise ratio is improved. The amplification factor of the circuit a = R2/R1=313 times. Normally R1= R3, R2= R4 should be maintained. The signals input to the differential amplifier are not processed to "isolate" the effects between the front and back stages, and moreover, the traditional amplifier is bandwidth-intensive, and the amplified small signals extracted directly from the output without algorithmic optimization may have distortion problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a weak signal detection algorithm based on gain compensation, which is used for amplifying a weak signal by a circuit and performing discrete resonance point gain compensation on the bandwidth of an amplifier, so that the problems that the detection of a tiny signal is not available or is incomplete and the bandwidth of a traditional amplifier is limited are solved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the weak signal detection algorithm based on gain compensation is characterized in that:
the detection algorithm is as follows: a follower is added to each input end of a differential amplifier in the weak signal amplifying circuit to play a role in impedance matching, and then the weak signals after differential amplification are sent to a single chip microcomputer to carry out gain compensation.
In the algorithm, a signal is extracted from an amplifier and sent to a single chip microcomputer, Fourier decomposition is carried out on the signal, and gain compensation is carried out on discrete points in a full waveform.
In the algorithm, the single chip microcomputer carries out gain compensation on the plus and minus n times points of the interference point in a discrete resonance point gain compensation mode.
The weak signal amplifying circuit comprises a differential amplifier, wherein the 4 th end of the differential amplifier is simultaneously connected with a resistor R1 and a resistor R3, and the 3 rd end of the differential amplifier is simultaneously connected with a resistor R2 and a resistor R4;
the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the 1 st end of the differential amplifier, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the 2 nd end of the differential amplifier;
the 5 th terminal of the differential amplifier is connected to the VBAT terminal, and is connected to the GND terminal through a capacitor C5.
The other end of the resistor R1 and the other end of the resistor R2 are connected with a follower respectively.
The node at the other end of the resistor R2, where the follower is connected to the end DGND, is connected to the node between the resistor R4 and the 2 nd end of the differential amplifier.
The invention has the following advantages:
the method of the invention adds a follower at each input end of the differential amplifier, and utilizes the characteristics of high input impedance and low output impedance to make the differential amplifier play a role of impedance matching in the circuit, so that the next stage of amplifying circuit can work better, and then the weak signal is sent to the singlechip for gain compensation after differential amplification.
In the algorithm, a signal is extracted from an amplifier and sent to a single chip microcomputer, and a discrete resonance point gain compensation mode is adopted, so that the full waveform is not compensated, and an interference point is emphasized. And performing Fourier decomposition on the signal, and compensating the gain at a point of plus or minus n times of the interference point so as to counteract the influence of the bandwidth of the amplifier.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional differential amplifier circuit.
FIG. 2 is a circuit schematic of the detection algorithm of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a weak signal detection algorithm based on gain compensation, which comprises the following steps: a follower (amplifier with one time amplification) is added at each input end of a differential amplifier in the weak signal amplification circuit to play a role in impedance matching, and then the weak signals subjected to differential amplification are sent to a single chip microcomputer (stm 32 single chip microcomputer) to be subjected to gain compensation.
The weak signal amplifying circuit comprises a differential amplifier, wherein the 4 th end of the differential amplifier is simultaneously connected with a resistor R1 and a resistor R3, and the 3 rd end of the differential amplifier is simultaneously connected with a resistor R2 and a resistor R4; the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the 1 st end of the differential amplifier, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the 2 nd end of the differential amplifier; the 5 th terminal of the differential amplifier is connected to the VBAT terminal, and is connected to the GND terminal through a capacitor C5.
The other end of the resistor R1 and the other end of the resistor R2 are connected with a follower respectively. The node at the other end of the resistor R2, where the follower is connected to the end DGND, is connected to the node between the resistor R4 and the 2 nd end of the differential amplifier.
In the algorithm, a signal is extracted from an amplifier and sent to a single chip microcomputer, Fourier decomposition is carried out on the signal, and gain compensation is carried out on discrete points in a full waveform. The single chip microcomputer carries out gain compensation on the plus and minus n octaves of the interference point, namely the point of n-th harmonic (n is less than or equal to 10) by adopting a discrete resonance point gain compensation mode.
The method adds a follower at each input end of the differential amplifier, and utilizes the characteristics of high input impedance and low output impedance of the differential amplifier to enable the differential amplifier to play a role of impedance matching in a circuit, so that a next-stage amplifying circuit can work better, then weak signals are sent to a single chip microcomputer to carry out gain compensation after differential amplification, full waveforms are not compensated, discrete resonance points are compensated, positive and negative n-th harmonics of interference points are compensated, and the influence of operational amplifier bandwidth is eliminated).
In the algorithm, a signal is extracted from an amplifier and sent to a single chip microcomputer, and a discrete resonance point gain compensation mode is adopted, so that the full waveform is not compensated, and an interference point is emphasized. And performing Fourier decomposition on the signal, and compensating the gain at a point of plus or minus n times of the interference point so as to counteract the influence of the bandwidth of the amplifier.
The invention is not limited to the examples, and any equivalent changes to the technical solution of the invention by a person skilled in the art after reading the description of the invention are covered by the claims of the invention.
Claims (6)
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