CN113466679B - Circuit breaker service life estimation method - Google Patents
Circuit breaker service life estimation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113466679B CN113466679B CN202110534725.9A CN202110534725A CN113466679B CN 113466679 B CN113466679 B CN 113466679B CN 202110534725 A CN202110534725 A CN 202110534725A CN 113466679 B CN113466679 B CN 113466679B
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
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- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for estimating the service life of a circuit breaker, which comprises the following steps: the vibration sensor acquires a vibration value during the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker and transmits the vibration value to the computer monitoring system; combining the vibration value of the standard circuit breaker with the action phase of the circuit breaker to form a vibration travel pattern; the vibration travel pattern of the standard circuit breaker is optimized and denoised to form a standard vibration travel pattern; establishing a life cycle vibration travel change model of the circuit breaker; and obtaining a vibration travel diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested, comparing the vibration travel diagram with a life cycle vibration travel change model of the circuit breaker, and combining aging factor data of the circuit breaker to obtain life information of the circuit breaker. And a prediction model is built through vibration data in the action state of the circuit breaker, the service life of the circuit breaker is estimated, and the circuit breaker is convenient to acquire signals and high in definition. And a vibration stroke model is manufactured by adopting spectral subtraction optimization denoising, so that the estimation accuracy is improved. The aging factor is used for performing the aging simulation test of the circuit breaker, so that the residual life of the circuit breaker can be estimated more comprehensively and accurately.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method suitable for a specific commercial field, in particular to a service life estimation method of a circuit breaker.
Background
With the development of social economy transformation, customers pay more attention to the input-output benefit and the value-added capability of products, and do not pursue the lowest price of the products, but require the lowest LCC (full life cycle cost) of the products, especially in the power industry, the running cost, maintenance cost and fault cost of the relay are several times of the initial investment cost, so that almost all power companies at home and abroad require LCC evaluation on power grid equipment and engineering projects in bidding. LCC management of substations is a research hotspot for universities and institutions, mainly focusing on the following aspects: 1) Modeling, namely, detailing each stage of the life cycle of the relay, and establishing a total cost analysis dynamic model; 2) Optimizing analysis, namely performing sensitivity analysis on the dynamic model, and performing analysis optimization on factors affecting the LCC of the relay; 3) Software support-developing a software system supporting relay LCC analysis; 4) Lifecycle optimization-according to the lifecycle cost minimum principle, the best lifecycle is evaluated and optimized taking into account failure conditions in different years. And more scholars build a dynamic model for the total cost of the relay, and a few scholars analyze the fault condition of the relay so as to infer the optimal operation period. The above studies were all based on the assumption that the enterprise has fully recorded data for each link of the relay lifecycle. Enterprises in China generally face the following problems: in the past, much attention has been paid to production and direct economic benefits, and insufficient data accumulation for the life cycle results in the loss of most of information, particularly fault data, throughout the life cycle of the relay. The phenomenon of incomplete related data is a problem and difficulty frequently encountered in developing LCC analysis and application in China.
For example, a "a switchgear vacuum circuit breaker life assessment method" disclosed in chinese patent literature, publication No. CN106371008A, which is a method of evaluating the life of a vacuum circuit breaker by counting a certain model. According to the method, discharge quantity data of a vacuum circuit breaker of a certain model in discharge failure is counted, a vacuum circuit breaker service life assessment model based on Weibull distribution is established, unknown parameters in the Weibull function are solved iteratively by utilizing a maximum likelihood function, and finally the solution is brought into the Weibull distribution to obtain a service life assessment curve of the vacuum circuit breaker, the vacuum circuit breaker assessment curve is evaluated according to discharge quantity detection information, and the vacuum circuit breaker service life is assessed in time according to discharge quantity monitoring information. However, the scheme reflects the running state of the circuit breaker through the insulation state information of the circuit breaker, has single fault factor, brings more uncertainty and reduces the accuracy of the service life estimation of the circuit breaker.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for estimating the service life of a circuit breaker, which aims to solve the problems that a circuit breaker service life estimation scheme in the prior art is high in uncertainty and is easily influenced by surrounding environment by taking a single damage factor as an estimation basis and improves estimation accuracy by combining vibration detection and aging factors.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the service life estimation method of the circuit breaker is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: the vibration sensor acquires a vibration value during the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker and transmits the vibration value to the computer monitoring system; and the vibration sensor is arranged on the circuit breaker, and when the circuit breaker performs opening and closing operation, vibration signals are collected and transmitted to the computer monitoring system.
Step S2: the computer monitoring system combines the vibration value of the standard circuit breaker with the action phase of the circuit breaker to form a vibration stroke graph; the method comprises the steps of collecting current change of a switching-on control coil during switching-on operation of a circuit breaker through a Hall sensor, manufacturing a switching-on current-time curve, fitting the switching-on current with a switching-on stroke to form a stroke-time curve, wherein the stroke is divided into a switching-on initial stage, a switching-on middle stage, a switching-on final stage, a switching-on state and a switching-off.
Wherein, the initial stage of closing: the closing signal arrives, the current rises, and the iron core starts to move at the tail end of the initial closing stage;
mid-closing phase: the iron core moves, the current drops, and the iron core contacts the hasp of the operating mechanism at the tail end of the closing middle stage;
end of closing: the iron core is blocked by the hasp to stop moving, and the current rises again;
closing state: the current reaches a steady state;
and (3) a brake separating state: the hasp is separated, the core moves again, and the current drops to 0 again.
The current-time curve is fitted to the formation time curve to form a current-travel curve.
Fitting a vibration signal acquired by a vibration sensor with acquisition time to form a vibration-time curve; fitting the vibration-time curve to the travel-time curve forms a vibration-travel pattern.
Step S3: the calculator monitoring system optimizes and denoises the vibration travel pattern of the standard circuit breaker to form a standard vibration travel pattern; and setting an auxiliary vibration sensor to acquire an environment vibration travel chart, and multiplying the environment vibration travel chart by the standard vibration travel chart by the vibration travel chart of the standard circuit breaker.
Step S4: establishing a life cycle vibration travel change model of the circuit breaker; aging factors for establishing the vibration influence of the circuit breaker include temperature factors, oxidation factors and electrifying fluctuation factors; performing a breaker aging simulation test of multiple aging factors to obtain aging factor data of the breaker aging test; and taking the obtained aging factor data of the circuit breaker aging simulation test as a standard, taking a vibration travel chart as an initial baseline model, and fitting to establish a circuit breaker life cycle vibration travel change model.
Step S5: and obtaining a vibration travel diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested, comparing the vibration travel diagram with a life cycle vibration travel change model of the circuit breaker, and combining aging factor data of the circuit breaker to obtain life information of the circuit breaker.
When the breaker performs switching-on and switching-off operation, the vibration signals are collected and processed to serve as the basis of diagnosis. The method has the advantages of small size of the sensor, reliable operation, low price, high sensitivity and good interference resistance, and can detect the mechanical state of the circuit breaker and the mechanism on the whole without dismantling the circuit breaker to judge whether the premonitory of faults occurs.
Preferably, the establishing a life cycle vibration stroke change model of the circuit breaker comprises the following steps:
step S4.1, establishing aging factors of the vibration influence of the circuit breaker, including temperature factors, oxidation factors and electrifying fluctuation factors;
step S4.2: performing a breaker aging simulation test of multiple aging factors to obtain aging factor data of the breaker aging test;
step S4.3: and taking the obtained aging factor data of the circuit breaker aging simulation test as a standard, taking a vibration travel chart as an initial baseline model, and fitting to establish a circuit breaker life cycle vibration travel change model.
Preferably, the step S5 of obtaining a vibration stroke diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested includes the following steps:
step S5.1: reading vibration data of the action stage of the circuit breaker to be tested;
step S5.2: reading aging factor reading, namely temperature, oxide content and electrifying fluctuation data, of the circuit breaker when the circuit breaker works;
step S5.3: and optimizing and denoising vibration data of the action stage of the circuit breaker to be tested to form a vibration travel diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested. The method comprises the steps of collecting current change of a switching-on control coil during switching-on operation of a circuit breaker through a Hall sensor, manufacturing a switching-on current-time curve, fitting the switching-on current with a switching-on stroke to form a stroke-time curve, wherein the stroke is divided into a switching-on initial stage, a switching-on middle stage, a switching-on final stage, a switching-on state and a switching-off.
Wherein, the initial stage of closing: the closing signal arrives, the current rises, and the iron core starts to move at the tail end of the initial closing stage;
mid-closing phase: the iron core moves, the current drops, and the iron core contacts the hasp of the operating mechanism at the tail end of the closing middle stage;
end of closing: the iron core is blocked by the hasp to stop moving, and the current rises again;
closing state: the current reaches a steady state;
and (3) a brake separating state: the hasp is separated, the core moves again, and the current drops to 0 again.
The current-time curve is fitted to the formation time curve to form a current-travel curve.
Fitting a vibration signal acquired by a vibration sensor with acquisition time to form a vibration-time curve; and fitting the vibration-time curve and the travel-time curve to form a vibration-travel graph of the circuit breaker to be tested.
Preferably, the operation phases described in step S5.1 are a breaker closing operation and a breaker opening operation.
Preferably, the optimizing denoising of the vibration stroke model of the tested circuit breaker in the step S3 forms a standard vibration stroke diagram, which includes optimizing denoising by adopting spectral subtraction.
Preferably, the spectral subtraction optimization denoising comprises the steps of setting an auxiliary vibration sensor to acquire an environment vibration travel chart, and multiplying the environment vibration travel chart subtracted by the vibration travel chart of the standard circuit breaker by the standard vibration travel chart.
Preferably, the step S5.3 of optimizing and denoising the vibration data of the action stage of the circuit breaker to be tested includes collecting an environmental vibration trip chart by the auxiliary vibration sensor, and multiplying the environmental vibration trip chart by a standard vibration trip chart by the vibration trip chart of the circuit breaker to be tested.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) And a prediction model is built through vibration data in the action state of the circuit breaker, the service life of the circuit breaker is estimated, and the circuit breaker is convenient to acquire signals and high in definition. (2) And a vibration stroke model is manufactured by adopting spectral subtraction optimization denoising, so that the estimation accuracy is improved. (3) The aging factor is used for performing the aging simulation test of the circuit breaker, so that the residual life of the circuit breaker can be estimated more comprehensively and accurately.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for estimating remaining life of a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the stroke-current according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
Examples:
the method for estimating the residual life of the circuit breaker shown in fig. 1 comprises the following steps:
step S1: the vibration sensor acquires a vibration value during the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker and transmits the vibration value to the computer monitoring system;
step S2: the computer monitoring system combines the vibration value of the standard circuit breaker with the action phase of the circuit breaker to form a vibration stroke graph; the method comprises the steps of collecting current change of a switching-on control coil during switching-on operation of a circuit breaker through a Hall sensor, manufacturing a switching-on current-time curve, fitting the switching-on current with a switching-on stroke to form a stroke-time curve, wherein the stroke is divided into a switching-on initial stage, a switching-on middle stage, a switching-on final stage, a switching-on state and a switching-off.
Wherein, the initial stage of closing: the closing signal arrives, the current rises, and the iron core starts to move at the tail end of the initial closing stage;
mid-closing phase: the iron core moves, the current drops, and the iron core contacts the hasp of the operating mechanism at the tail end of the closing middle stage;
end of closing: the iron core is blocked by the hasp to stop moving, and the current rises again;
closing state: the current reaches a steady state;
and (3) a brake separating state: the hasp is separated, the core moves again, and the current drops to 0 again.
The current-time curve is fitted to the formation time curve to form a current-travel curve.
Fitting a vibration signal acquired by a vibration sensor with acquisition time to form a vibration-time curve; fitting the vibration-time curve to the travel-time curve forms a vibration-travel pattern.
Step S3: the calculator monitoring system optimizes and denoises the vibration travel pattern of the standard circuit breaker to form a standard vibration travel pattern; and (3) performing optimized denoising on the vibration travel model of the tested circuit breaker to form a standard vibration travel diagram, wherein the step (S3) comprises adopting spectral subtraction to perform optimized denoising. The spectral subtraction optimization denoising comprises the steps of collecting an environment vibration travel chart by an auxiliary vibration sensor, and multiplying the environment vibration travel chart by a standard vibration travel chart by a vibration travel chart of a standard circuit breaker.
Step S4: establishing a life cycle vibration travel change model of the circuit breaker;
step S4.1, establishing aging factors of the vibration influence of the circuit breaker, including temperature factors, oxidation factors and electrifying fluctuation factors;
step S4.2: performing a breaker aging simulation test of multiple aging factors to obtain aging factor data of the breaker aging test;
step S4.3: and taking the obtained aging factor data of the circuit breaker aging simulation test as a standard, taking a vibration travel chart as an initial baseline model, and fitting to establish a circuit breaker life cycle vibration travel change model.
Step S5: and obtaining a vibration travel diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested, comparing the vibration travel diagram with a life cycle vibration travel change model of the circuit breaker, and combining aging factor data of the circuit breaker to obtain life information of the circuit breaker.
Step S5.1: reading vibration data of the action stage of the circuit breaker to be tested;
step S5.2: reading aging factor reading, namely temperature, oxide content and electrifying fluctuation data, of the circuit breaker when the circuit breaker works;
step S5.3: and optimizing and denoising vibration data of the action stage of the circuit breaker to be tested to form a vibration travel diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested. The method comprises the steps of collecting current change of a switching-on control coil during switching-on operation of a circuit breaker through a Hall sensor, manufacturing a switching-on current-time curve, fitting the switching-on current with a switching-on stroke to form a stroke-time curve, wherein the stroke is divided into a switching-on initial stage, a switching-on middle stage, a switching-on final stage, a switching-on state and a switching-off.
Wherein, the initial stage of closing: the closing signal arrives, the current rises, and the iron core starts to move at the tail end of the initial closing stage;
mid-closing phase: the iron core moves, the current drops, and the iron core contacts the hasp of the operating mechanism at the tail end of the closing middle stage;
end of closing: the iron core is blocked by the hasp to stop moving, and the current rises again;
closing state: the current reaches a steady state;
and (3) a brake separating state: the hasp is separated, the core moves again, and the current drops to 0 again.
The current-time curve is fitted to the formation time curve to form a current-travel curve.
Fitting a vibration signal acquired by a vibration sensor with acquisition time to form a vibration-time curve; and fitting the vibration-time curve and the travel-time curve to form a vibration-travel graph of the circuit breaker to be tested. And acquiring an environment vibration travel chart by an acquisition and setting auxiliary vibration sensor, and multiplying the environment vibration travel chart by a standard vibration travel chart by the vibration travel chart of the circuit breaker to be tested.
When the breaker performs switching-on and switching-off operation, the vibration signals are collected and processed to serve as the basis of diagnosis. The method has the advantages of small size of the sensor, reliable operation, low price, high sensitivity and good interference resistance, and can detect the mechanical state of the circuit breaker and the mechanism on the whole without dismantling the circuit breaker to judge whether the premonitory of faults occurs.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Although terms such as vibration sensor, aging factor, spectral subtraction, etc. are used more herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for convenience in describing and explaining the nature of the invention; they are to be interpreted as any additional limitation that is not inconsistent with the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The service life estimation method of the circuit breaker is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: the vibration sensor acquires a vibration value during the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker and transmits the vibration value to the computer monitoring system;
step S2: the computer monitoring system combines the vibration value of the standard circuit breaker with the action phase of the circuit breaker to form a vibration stroke graph;
step S3: the calculator monitoring system optimizes and denoises the vibration travel pattern of the standard circuit breaker to form a standard vibration travel pattern;
step S4: establishing a life cycle vibration travel change model of the circuit breaker;
step S4.1, establishing aging factors of the vibration influence of the circuit breaker, including temperature factors, oxidation factors and electrifying fluctuation factors;
step S4.2: performing a breaker aging simulation test of multiple aging factors to obtain aging factor data of the breaker aging test;
step S4.3: taking the obtained aging factor data of the circuit breaker aging simulation test as a standard, taking a vibration travel chart as an initial baseline model, and fitting to establish a circuit breaker life cycle vibration travel change model;
step S5: and obtaining a vibration travel diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested, comparing the vibration travel diagram with a life cycle vibration travel change model of the circuit breaker, and combining aging factor data of the circuit breaker to obtain life information of the circuit breaker.
2. The method for estimating the service life of a circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 of obtaining the vibration travel diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested comprises the following steps:
step S5.1: reading vibration data of the action stage of the circuit breaker to be tested;
step S5.2: reading aging factor reading, namely temperature, oxide content and electrifying fluctuation data, of the circuit breaker when the circuit breaker works;
step S5.3: and optimizing and denoising vibration data of the action stage of the circuit breaker to be tested to form a vibration travel diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the action phases in step S5.1 are a breaker closing operation and a breaker opening operation.
4. A method for estimating service life of a circuit breaker according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the step S3 of optimizing and denoising the vibration stroke model of the standard circuit breaker to form a standard vibration stroke diagram includes optimizing and denoising by using spectral subtraction.
5. The method for estimating the service life of a circuit breaker according to claim 4, wherein the spectral subtraction optimization denoising comprises the steps of collecting an environment vibration stroke diagram by using an auxiliary vibration sensor, and multiplying the environment vibration stroke diagram by a standard vibration stroke diagram by the vibration stroke diagram of a standard circuit breaker.
6. The method for estimating the service life of a circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein the step S5.3 of optimizing and denoising the vibration data of the circuit breaker to be tested in the action stage includes collecting an environmental vibration trip map by using an auxiliary vibration sensor, and multiplying the environmental vibration trip map by a standard vibration trip map by the vibration trip map of the circuit breaker to be tested.
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