CN113466679A - Method for estimating service life of circuit breaker - Google Patents
Method for estimating service life of circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN113466679A CN113466679A CN202110534725.9A CN202110534725A CN113466679A CN 113466679 A CN113466679 A CN 113466679A CN 202110534725 A CN202110534725 A CN 202110534725A CN 113466679 A CN113466679 A CN 113466679A
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011410 subtraction method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- 238000007476 Maximum Likelihood Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for estimating the service life of a circuit breaker, which comprises the following steps: the vibration sensor acquires a vibration value during the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker and transmits the vibration value to the computer monitoring system; combining the vibration value of the standard circuit breaker with the action stage of the circuit breaker to form a vibration stroke graph; optimizing and denoising a vibration stroke graph of a standard circuit breaker to form a standard vibration stroke graph; establishing a circuit breaker life cycle vibration stroke change model; and acquiring a vibration travel diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested, comparing the vibration travel diagram with a life cycle vibration travel change model of the circuit breaker, and combining aging factor data of the circuit breaker to obtain the service life information of the circuit breaker. A prediction model is established through vibration data in the action state of the circuit breaker, the service life of the circuit breaker is evaluated, signal acquisition is convenient, and flexibility is high. And a vibration stroke model is manufactured by optimizing denoising through a spectral subtraction method, so that the estimation accuracy is improved. The aging factors are used for carrying out aging simulation test on the circuit breaker, so that the residual service life of the circuit breaker can be more comprehensively and accurately evaluated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method applicable to the specific commercial field, in particular to a method for estimating the service life of a circuit breaker.
Background
With the transformation development of social economy, customers pay more and more attention to the input-output benefits and value-added capability of products, the lowest price offer of the products is not pursued, but the lowest LCC (full life cycle cost) of the products is required, especially in the power industry, the sum of the running cost, the maintenance cost and the fault cost of a relay is several times of the initial investment cost, and therefore, almost all power companies at home and abroad require LCC evaluation on power grid equipment and engineering projects in the process of bidding. LCC management of substations has become a research hotspot for colleges and institutions, mainly focusing on the following aspects: 1) modeling, namely, dividing each stage of the life cycle of the relay in detail, and establishing a total cost analysis dynamic model; 2) optimization analysis, namely performing sensitivity analysis on the dynamic model, and analyzing and optimizing factors influencing the LCC of the relay; 3) software support-development of a software system that supports analysis of the relay LCC; 4) life cycle optimization-the best life cycle is evaluated and optimized according to the life cycle cost minimization principle, taking into account the fault conditions at different ages. More scholars establish a dynamic model for the total cost of the relay, and meanwhile, a few scholars analyze the fault condition of the relay, so that the optimal operation period is presumed. The research is developed on the assumption that the data of each link of the relay life cycle are fully recorded by enterprises. Enterprises in China generally face such problems: in the past, production and direct economic benefits are more concerned, and data accumulation in the life cycle is insufficient, so that most information, especially fault data, in the whole life cycle process of the relay is lost. The incomplete phenomenon of related data is a problem and a difficulty which are often encountered in developing LCC analysis and application in China.
For example, a method for evaluating the service life of a vacuum circuit breaker of a switch cabinet disclosed in chinese patent document, which is under the publication number CN106371008A, is a method for evaluating the service life of a vacuum circuit breaker of a certain model by statistics. The method includes the steps of establishing a vacuum circuit breaker service life evaluation model based on Weibull distribution by counting discharge amount data of a certain type of vacuum circuit breaker when the vacuum circuit breaker fails to discharge, carrying out iterative solution on unknown parameters in the Weibull function by utilizing a maximum likelihood function, finally bringing the solution into the Weibull distribution to obtain a service life evaluation curve related to the vacuum circuit breaker, carrying out evaluation on the vacuum circuit breaker according to discharge amount detection information, and carrying out timely evaluation on the service life of the vacuum circuit breaker according to discharge amount monitoring information. However, the operating state of the circuit breaker is reflected by the insulation state information of the circuit breaker, the fault factor is single, more uncertainty is brought, and the accuracy of the service life estimation of the circuit breaker is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for estimating the service life of a circuit breaker, which aims to solve the problems that the service life of the circuit breaker in the prior art is high in uncertainty and easy to be influenced by the surrounding environment by taking a single damage factor as an estimation basis, and improves the estimation accuracy by combining vibration detection and aging factors.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a service life estimation method of a circuit breaker is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: the vibration sensor acquires a vibration value during the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker and transmits the vibration value to the computer monitoring system; the vibration sensor is installed on the circuit breaker, and when the circuit breaker is switched on and off, vibration signals are collected and transmitted to the computer monitoring system.
Step S2: the computer monitoring system combines the vibration value of the standard breaker with the action stage of the breaker to form a vibration stroke graph; the current change of an opening and closing control coil during the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker is collected through a Hall sensor, an opening and closing current-time curve is manufactured, the opening and closing current is fitted with an opening and closing stroke, a stroke-time curve is formed, and the stroke is divided into an initial closing stage, a middle closing stage, a final closing stage, a closing state and an opening stage.
Wherein, the initial stage of closing a floodgate: when a closing signal arrives, the current rises until the iron core at the tail end starts to move at the initial closing stage;
in the middle stage of closing: the iron core moves, the current is reduced, and the iron core contacts the hasp of the operating mechanism at the tail end in the middle stage of closing;
and (4) closing the terminal stage: the iron core is clamped by the hasp to stop moving, so that the current rises again;
switching on the state: the current reaches a steady state;
the opening state: the catch is disengaged and the core is moved again and the current drops to 0 again.
And fitting the current-time curve and the forming time curve to form a current-travel curve.
Fitting the vibration signal acquired by the vibration sensor with the acquisition time to form a vibration-time curve; and fitting the vibration-time curve and the stroke-time curve to form a vibration-stroke graph.
Step S3: the computer monitoring system optimizes and de-noises the vibration stroke graph of the standard circuit breaker to form a standard vibration stroke graph; and arranging an auxiliary vibration sensor to acquire an environmental vibration travel diagram, and multiplying the environmental vibration travel diagram subtracted from the vibration travel diagram of the standard circuit breaker by the standard vibration travel diagram.
Step S4: establishing a circuit breaker life cycle vibration stroke change model; establishing aging factors influenced by the vibration of the circuit breaker, wherein the aging factors comprise temperature factors, oxidation factors and electrifying fluctuation factors; performing aging simulation test on the circuit breaker with multiple aging factors to obtain aging factor data of the aging test of the circuit breaker; and fitting and establishing a circuit breaker life cycle vibration stroke change model by taking the obtained aging factor data of the circuit breaker aging simulation test as a standard and the vibration stroke graph as an initial baseline model.
Step S5: and acquiring a vibration travel diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested, comparing the vibration travel diagram with a life cycle vibration travel change model of the circuit breaker, and combining aging factor data of the circuit breaker to obtain the service life information of the circuit breaker.
When the breaker is switched on and off, the collected vibration signals are processed to be used as the basis of diagnosis. The method has the advantages of small size of the sensor, reliable work, low price, high sensitivity and good anti-interference, and can integrally detect the mechanical states of the circuit breaker and the mechanism without disassembling the circuit breaker and judge whether a failure precursor appears.
Preferably, the establishing of the circuit breaker lifecycle vibration stroke variation model comprises the following steps:
s4.1, establishing aging factors influenced by the vibration of the circuit breaker, wherein the aging factors comprise temperature factors, oxidation factors and electrifying fluctuation factors;
step S4.2: performing aging simulation test on the circuit breaker with multiple aging factors to obtain aging factor data of the aging test of the circuit breaker;
step S4.3: and fitting and establishing a circuit breaker life cycle vibration stroke change model by taking the obtained aging factor data of the circuit breaker aging simulation test as a standard and the vibration stroke graph as an initial baseline model.
Preferably, the step S5 of obtaining the vibration stroke diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested includes the following steps:
step S5.1: reading vibration data of a circuit breaker to be tested in an action stage;
step S5.2: reading aging factor readings, namely temperature, oxide content and power-on fluctuation data when the circuit breaker works;
step S5.3: and optimizing and denoising the vibration data of the circuit breaker to be tested in the action stage to form a vibration stroke diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested. The current change of an opening and closing control coil during the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker is collected through a Hall sensor, an opening and closing current-time curve is manufactured, the opening and closing current is fitted with an opening and closing stroke, a stroke-time curve is formed, and the stroke is divided into an initial closing stage, a middle closing stage, a final closing stage, a closing state and an opening stage.
Wherein, the initial stage of closing a floodgate: when a closing signal arrives, the current rises until the iron core at the tail end starts to move at the initial closing stage;
in the middle stage of closing: the iron core moves, the current is reduced, and the iron core contacts the hasp of the operating mechanism at the tail end in the middle stage of closing;
and (4) closing the terminal stage: the iron core is clamped by the hasp to stop moving, so that the current rises again;
switching on the state: the current reaches a steady state;
the opening state: the catch is disengaged and the core is moved again and the current drops to 0 again.
And fitting the current-time curve and the forming time curve to form a current-travel curve.
Fitting the vibration signal acquired by the vibration sensor with the acquisition time to form a vibration-time curve; and fitting the vibration-time curve and the stroke-time curve to form a vibration-stroke graph of the circuit breaker to be tested.
Preferably, the operation stages described in step S5.1 are a circuit breaker closing operation and a circuit breaker opening operation.
Preferably, the step S3 is to perform optimization denoising on the vibration stroke model of the tested circuit breaker to form a standard vibration stroke diagram, including performing optimization denoising by using a spectral subtraction method.
Preferably, the spectral subtraction optimization denoising comprises the steps of setting an auxiliary vibration sensor to collect an environmental vibration travel diagram, and multiplying the environmental vibration travel diagram subtracted from the vibration travel diagram of the standard circuit breaker by the standard vibration travel diagram.
Preferably, the step S5.3 of performing optimized denoising on the vibration data of the circuit breaker to be tested in the action phase includes acquiring and setting an auxiliary vibration sensor to acquire an environmental vibration stroke diagram, and multiplying the vibration stroke diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested minus the environmental vibration stroke diagram by a standard vibration stroke diagram.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) a prediction model is established through vibration data in the action state of the circuit breaker, the service life of the circuit breaker is evaluated, signal acquisition is convenient, and flexibility is high. (2) And a vibration stroke model is manufactured by optimizing denoising through a spectral subtraction method, so that the estimation accuracy is improved. (3) The aging factors are used for carrying out aging simulation test on the circuit breaker, so that the residual service life of the circuit breaker can be more comprehensively and accurately evaluated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a method for estimating remaining life of a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a stroke-current diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
the method for estimating the remaining life of the circuit breaker as shown in fig. 1 comprises the following steps:
step S1: the vibration sensor acquires a vibration value during the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker and transmits the vibration value to the computer monitoring system;
step S2: the computer monitoring system combines the vibration value of the standard breaker with the action stage of the breaker to form a vibration stroke graph; the current change of an opening and closing control coil during the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker is collected through a Hall sensor, an opening and closing current-time curve is manufactured, the opening and closing current is fitted with an opening and closing stroke, a stroke-time curve is formed, and the stroke is divided into an initial closing stage, a middle closing stage, a final closing stage, a closing state and an opening stage.
Wherein, the initial stage of closing a floodgate: when a closing signal arrives, the current rises until the iron core at the tail end starts to move at the initial closing stage;
in the middle stage of closing: the iron core moves, the current is reduced, and the iron core contacts the hasp of the operating mechanism at the tail end in the middle stage of closing;
and (4) closing the terminal stage: the iron core is clamped by the hasp to stop moving, so that the current rises again;
switching on the state: the current reaches a steady state;
the opening state: the catch is disengaged and the core is moved again and the current drops to 0 again.
And fitting the current-time curve and the forming time curve to form a current-travel curve.
Fitting the vibration signal acquired by the vibration sensor with the acquisition time to form a vibration-time curve; and fitting the vibration-time curve and the stroke-time curve to form a vibration-stroke graph.
Step S3: the computer monitoring system carries out optimization denoising on the vibration stroke graph of the standard circuit breaker to form a standard vibration stroke graph; and S3, performing optimized denoising on the vibration stroke model of the tested circuit breaker to form a standard vibration stroke diagram, wherein the optimized denoising includes performing optimized denoising by adopting a spectral subtraction method. And the spectral subtraction optimization denoising comprises the steps of collecting and setting an auxiliary vibration sensor to collect an environmental vibration travel diagram, and multiplying the environmental vibration travel diagram subtracted from the vibration travel diagram of the standard circuit breaker by the standard vibration travel diagram.
Step S4: establishing a circuit breaker life cycle vibration stroke change model;
s4.1, establishing aging factors influenced by the vibration of the circuit breaker, wherein the aging factors comprise temperature factors, oxidation factors and electrifying fluctuation factors;
step S4.2: performing aging simulation test on the circuit breaker with multiple aging factors to obtain aging factor data of the aging test of the circuit breaker;
step S4.3: and fitting and establishing a circuit breaker life cycle vibration stroke change model by taking the obtained aging factor data of the circuit breaker aging simulation test as a standard and the vibration stroke graph as an initial baseline model.
Step S5: and acquiring a vibration travel diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested, comparing the vibration travel diagram with a life cycle vibration travel change model of the circuit breaker, and combining aging factor data of the circuit breaker to obtain the service life information of the circuit breaker.
Step S5.1: reading vibration data of a circuit breaker to be tested in an action stage;
step S5.2: reading aging factor readings, namely temperature, oxide content and power-on fluctuation data when the circuit breaker works;
step S5.3: and optimizing and denoising the vibration data of the circuit breaker to be tested in the action stage to form a vibration stroke diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested. The current change of an opening and closing control coil during the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker is collected through a Hall sensor, an opening and closing current-time curve is manufactured, the opening and closing current is fitted with an opening and closing stroke, a stroke-time curve is formed, and the stroke is divided into an initial closing stage, a middle closing stage, a final closing stage, a closing state and an opening stage.
Wherein, the initial stage of closing a floodgate: when a closing signal arrives, the current rises until the iron core at the tail end starts to move at the initial closing stage;
in the middle stage of closing: the iron core moves, the current is reduced, and the iron core contacts the hasp of the operating mechanism at the tail end in the middle stage of closing;
and (4) closing the terminal stage: the iron core is clamped by the hasp to stop moving, so that the current rises again;
switching on the state: the current reaches a steady state;
the opening state: the catch is disengaged and the core is moved again and the current drops to 0 again.
And fitting the current-time curve and the forming time curve to form a current-travel curve.
Fitting the vibration signal acquired by the vibration sensor with the acquisition time to form a vibration-time curve; and fitting the vibration-time curve and the stroke-time curve to form a vibration-stroke graph of the circuit breaker to be tested. The acquisition device is provided with an auxiliary vibration sensor for acquiring an environmental vibration travel diagram, and the environmental vibration travel diagram is subtracted from the vibration travel diagram of the circuit breaker to be detected to multiply the standard vibration travel diagram.
When the breaker is switched on and off, the collected vibration signals are processed to be used as the basis of diagnosis. The method has the advantages of small size of the sensor, reliable work, low price, high sensitivity and good anti-interference, and can integrally detect the mechanical states of the circuit breaker and the mechanism without disassembling the circuit breaker and judge whether a failure precursor appears.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Although terms such as vibration sensor, aging factor, spectral subtraction, etc. are used more herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A service life estimation method of a circuit breaker is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: the vibration sensor acquires a vibration value during the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker and transmits the vibration value to the computer monitoring system;
step S2: the computer monitoring system combines the vibration value of the standard breaker with the action stage of the breaker to form a vibration stroke graph;
step S3: the computer monitoring system carries out optimization denoising on the vibration stroke graph of the standard circuit breaker to form a standard vibration stroke graph;
step S4: establishing a circuit breaker life cycle vibration stroke change model;
step S5: and acquiring a vibration travel diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested, comparing the vibration travel diagram with a life cycle vibration travel change model of the circuit breaker, and combining aging factor data of the circuit breaker to obtain the service life information of the circuit breaker.
2. The method for estimating the service life of the circuit breaker as claimed in claim 1, wherein the establishing of the circuit breaker life cycle vibration stroke variation model comprises the following steps:
s4.1, establishing aging factors influenced by the vibration of the circuit breaker, wherein the aging factors comprise temperature factors, oxidation factors and electrifying fluctuation factors;
step S4.2: performing aging simulation test on the circuit breaker with multiple aging factors to obtain aging factor data of the aging test of the circuit breaker;
step S4.3: and fitting and establishing a circuit breaker life cycle vibration stroke change model by taking the obtained aging factor data of the circuit breaker aging simulation test as a standard and the vibration stroke graph as an initial baseline model.
3. The method for estimating the service life of the circuit breaker as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining the vibration stroke diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested in step S5 includes the following steps:
step S5.1: reading vibration data of a circuit breaker to be tested in an action stage;
step S5.2: reading aging factor readings, namely temperature, oxide content and power-on fluctuation data when the circuit breaker works;
step S5.3: and optimizing and denoising the vibration data of the circuit breaker to be tested in the action stage to form a vibration stroke diagram of the circuit breaker to be tested.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the action stages in step S5.1 are closing operation and opening operation of the circuit breaker.
5. The method as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the step S3 of performing optimized denoising on the vibration path model of the tested circuit breaker to form the standard vibration path diagram includes performing optimized denoising by spectral subtraction.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the spectral subtraction optimization denoising comprises collecting and setting an auxiliary vibration sensor to collect an environmental vibration travel map, and multiplying the vibration travel map of a standard circuit breaker minus the environmental vibration travel map by the standard vibration travel map.
7. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step S5.3 of optimizing and denoising the vibration data of the circuit breaker to be tested in the operation stage includes acquiring and setting an auxiliary vibration sensor to acquire an environmental vibration travel map, and multiplying the environmental vibration travel map subtracted from the vibration travel map of the circuit breaker to be tested by a standard vibration travel map.
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