CN113466044A - Method for testing explosive defect generation in Brazilian test process - Google Patents
Method for testing explosive defect generation in Brazilian test process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113466044A CN113466044A CN202110818086.9A CN202110818086A CN113466044A CN 113466044 A CN113466044 A CN 113466044A CN 202110818086 A CN202110818086 A CN 202110818086A CN 113466044 A CN113466044 A CN 113466044A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/14—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for testing explosive defect generation in the Brazilian test process, which is characterized in that a light source, a high-speed camera and an acoustic emission instrument are arranged, the explosive defect generation test result in the Brazilian test process consists of three types of data, and the three types of data comprise a micro defect-time curve, a stress-time curve and the end surface morphology-time relation of an explosive column at the same initial time; parameters of the moment A, the moment B, the moment C and the moment D and the mechanical strength of the explosive column mechanical failure are obtained through three types of data, and accordingly the explosive column defect generation parameters in the Brazilian test process are obtained. The method of the invention can obtain the defect parameters of the explosive column. The acoustic emission can effectively obtain the generation process of the micro-defects in the explosive column by a nondestructive testing method for evaluating the performance and structural integrity of the material by receiving and analyzing acoustic emission signals of the material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of testing of explosive charging damage characteristics, relates to a Brazilian test, and particularly relates to a method for testing explosive defect generation in the process of the Brazilian test.
Background
The mixed explosive is an energetic material with high explosion performance and low sensitivity, is widely used in various weapons, and has wide attention on safety research because the mixed explosive can be accidentally detonated in the production, transportation and use processes. The damage destruction mechanical response of the mixed explosive is the cause of accidental explosion, and the existence of the damage deteriorates the mechanical property of the explosive, so that the material is destroyed and even sensitized to form a 'hot spot'. Generally, since the compressive strength of the mixed explosive is greater than the tensile strength, the explosive is more prone to fracture and damage under the action of tensile stress, and the mechanical energy released from the brittle crack tip may cause local heating and temperature rise or generate new surface to cause friction, which may initiate an ignition reaction and cause accidental detonation. Therefore, the research on the tensile fracture damage characteristic of the mixed explosive is also one of the important contents of the safety research of the mixed explosive. The Brazilian test is a common mixed explosive tensile strength test means, has effectiveness and practicability, and the test of the tensile fracture damage characteristic of the mixed explosive in the Brazilian test process has important significance on the application reliability and safety of the explosive.
The method adopts the Brazilian test as an indirect tensile loading means, researches the fracture and damage characteristics of a PBX explosive sample under the tensile action, obtains the damage process of the sample by adopting high-speed photography, and can reflect the damage characteristics of a grain in the Brazilian test process to a certain extent. However, this method has the following disadvantages:
firstly, limited by the test characteristics of high-speed shooting, only the damage characteristics of the end face of the explosive column and the macro defect generation process can be obtained, and the internal defect parameters of the explosive column cannot be effectively represented.
Secondly, the obtained parameters are limited, and the research on the tensile fracture damage characteristics of the mixed explosive cannot be deeply guided. The generation of micro defects inside the grain, the accumulation of micro defects and the generation of internal macro defects and the whole process of extending to the end face to form macro defects cannot be described.
Therefore, it is urgently required to develop a method for testing the damage characteristics of the explosive column during the brazilian test.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for testing explosive defect generation in the Brazilian test process, and solve the technical problems that the Brazilian test cannot obtain a fine defect generation process and obtain parameters in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for testing explosive defect generation in a Brazilian test process comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out a Brazilian test of an explosive column in a quasi-static state by using a universal testing machine, and arranging a light source, a high-speed camera and an acoustic emission instrument at a position of 1.5 meters, a position of 2 meters and a position of 3 meters of the universal testing machine respectively, wherein the high-speed camera is over against the end face of the explosive column to be tested of the universal testing machine; the angles of the light source and the sample and the angles of the high-speed camera and the sample form an included angle;
secondly, preparing an explosive column, and placing the arc surface of the explosive column on a sample table of a universal testing machine, wherein the end surface of the explosive column forms an included angle of 90 degrees with the sample table and is opposite to a lens of a high-speed camera; adhering an acoustic emission sensor of an acoustic emission instrument to the arc surface of the explosive column by using a transparent adhesive tape;
setting parameters of a testing instrument, and loading the universal testing machine in a speed control mode at a loading speed of 0.2mm & min-1(ii) a The detection frequency of high-speed photography is 50 frames/second; the sampling frequency of the acoustic emission instrument is 10 MHz;
step four, synchronously starting the loading action of the universal testing machine and the detection actions of the high-speed camera and the acoustic emission instrument, starting timing, recording the explosive column defect generation parameters until the end face of the explosive column has a macroscopic crack, and stopping the loading of the universal testing machine and the testing of the high-speed camera and the acoustic emission instrument;
fifthly, the explosive defect generation test result in the Brazilian test process consists of three types of data, wherein the three types of data comprise a microdefect-time curve, a stress-time curve and an end face morphology-time relation of an explosive column at the same initial time;
obtaining parameters of a moment A, a moment B, a moment C and a moment D and the mechanical strength of the mechanical failure of the explosive column through the three types of data, thereby obtaining the defect generation parameters of the explosive column in the Brazilian test process;
the time A corresponds to the moment of generating the microdefects of the explosive column; the time B corresponds to the time of generating macroscopic defects inside the explosive column; the time C corresponds to the moment of mechanical failure of the explosive column; and the time D corresponds to the time of generating the macrocracks on the end face of the explosive column.
The invention also has the following technical characteristics:
the universal testing machine adopts an AG-IC 100 type universal testing machine.
The acoustic emission instrument adopts a 24-channel acoustic emission instrument, the front amplification gain of the system is 40dB, and the filtering bandwidth of the acoustic emission sensor is 400 Hz-2 MHz.
The acoustic emission sensor of the acoustic emission instrument adopts a NANO30 acoustic emission sensor.
And the included angle of 30 degrees exists between the angle of the light source and the sample and the angle of the high-speed camera and the sample.
The size of the explosive column is phi 20 multiplied by 20 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the method of the invention can obtain the defect parameters of the interior of the explosive column. The acoustic emission can effectively obtain the generation process of the micro-defects in the explosive column by a nondestructive testing method for evaluating the performance and structural integrity of the material by receiving and analyzing acoustic emission signals of the material.
And (II) the method of the invention comprehensively obtains defect generation parameters. Through comprehensive acquisition and analysis of three signals of a force signal, an acoustic signal and an optical signal, the processes of micro-defect generation, micro-defect accumulation, macro-defect generation and macro-defect expansion from inside to outside can be effectively acquired.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the flow of the method for determining the defect generation process of the explosive column in the Brazilian test.
FIG. 2 shows the results of the measurement of the defect generation process of the explosive column during the Brazilian test.
Fig. 3 shows a test layout of the explosive column defect generation process during the brazilian test.
The meaning of the individual reference symbols in the figures is: 1-explosive column, 2-universal tester, 3-high speed camera, 4-acoustic emission instrument, 5-signal line, 6-acoustic emission sensor, 7-light source, 8-data line, and 9-operation and recording software.
The details of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Detailed Description
The generation process of the defects of the explosive column in the Brazilian test mainly comprises the following four processes:
firstly, the internal micro-defect of the explosive column begins to generate under the action of the tensile stress of the mechanical testing machine.
Secondly, the micro defects inside the grain gradually accumulate, and macro defects can be generated inside the grain.
Thirdly, along with stress loading, the mechanical strength value of the explosive column under the action of tensile stress is larger and larger, and the explosive column fails in mechanical strength when reaching a certain strength.
Fourthly, with the increase of the internal defects of the explosive column, the internal defects of the explosive column can be expanded from the inside to the end surface, and the macrocracks are generated on the end surface.
Therefore, the generation test of the explosive column defects in the Brazilian test process is focused on solving three problems:
first, the generation and accumulation of defects inside the grains are tested by selecting an appropriate test method.
Secondly, a proper testing method is selected to characterize the defects of the end face of the grain.
And thirdly, synchronizing three actions of detecting the internal defects of the explosive column, detecting the end surface defects of the explosive column and mechanically loading so as to describe the moment when each action occurs and comprehensively reflect the generation process of the defects of the explosive column in the Brazilian test process.
Therefore, the generation process of the explosive column defects in the Brazilian test process is represented in a synergetic mode of acoustic emission detection, a static mechanical testing machine and high-speed photography.
It should be noted that the devices used in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are all devices commonly used in the art, for example, the high-speed camera 3 is a known high-speed camera, and the operation and recording software is 9 bits of known common operation recording software.
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
this example presents a method for testing the generation of explosive defects during the brazilian test, as shown in figures 1 to 3, comprising the following steps:
firstly, carrying out a Brazilian test of an explosive column in a quasi-static state by using a universal testing machine, and arranging a light source, a high-speed camera and an acoustic emission instrument at a position of 1.5 meters, a position of 2 meters and a position of 3 meters of the universal testing machine respectively, wherein the high-speed camera is over against the end face of the explosive column to be tested of the universal testing machine; an included angle of 30 degrees exists between the angle of the light source and the sample and the angle of the high-speed camera and the sample;
specifically, the universal tester is an AG-IC 100 type universal tester.
Secondly, preparing an explosive column, and placing the arc surface of the explosive column on a sample table of a universal testing machine, wherein the end surface of the explosive column forms an included angle of 90 degrees with the sample table and is opposite to a lens of a high-speed camera; adhering an acoustic emission sensor of an acoustic emission instrument to the arc surface of the explosive column by using a transparent adhesive tape;
specifically, the size of the explosive column is phi 20 multiplied by 20 mm.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the explosive column is made of RL-F aluminum-containing explosive. The RL-F aluminum-containing explosive is an RDX-based aluminum-containing pressed explosive which mainly comprises RDX, Al, an adhesive and the like, and is pressed into explosive columns with the diameter of 20 multiplied by 20mm by a compression molding mode, wherein the molding density is 1.70g/cm3。
Specifically, the acoustic emission instrument adopts a 24-channel acoustic emission instrument, the forward amplification gain of the system is 40dB, and the filtering bandwidth of the acoustic emission sensor is 400 Hz-2 MHz.
Specifically, the acoustic emission sensor of the acoustic emission instrument adopts a NANO30 acoustic emission sensor.
Setting parameters of a testing instrument, and loading the universal testing machine in a speed control mode at a loading speed of 0.2mm & min-1(ii) a The detection frequency of high-speed photography is 50 frames/second; the sampling frequency of the acoustic emission instrument is 10 MHz;
step four, synchronously starting the loading action of the universal testing machine and the detection actions of the high-speed camera and the acoustic emission instrument, starting timing, recording the explosive column defect generation parameters until the end face of the explosive column has a macroscopic crack, and stopping the loading of the universal testing machine and the testing of the high-speed camera and the acoustic emission instrument;
fifthly, the explosive defect generation test result in the Brazilian test process consists of three types of data, wherein the three types of data comprise a microdefect-time curve, a stress-time curve and an end face morphology-time relation of an explosive column at the same initial time;
obtaining parameters of a moment A, a moment B, a moment C and a moment D and the mechanical strength of the mechanical failure of the explosive column through three types of data, thereby obtaining the defect generation parameters of the explosive column in the Brazilian test process;
the moment A corresponds to the moment when the micro-defects of the explosive columns are generated; the moment B corresponds to the moment when the macroscopic defect inside the explosive column is generated; the moment C corresponds to the moment of mechanical failure of the explosive column; and the moment D corresponds to the moment when the macrocracks on the end face of the explosive column are generated.
In this example, the molding density was 1.70g/cm3The test result of the generation of the explosive defect in the RL-F aluminum-containing explosive column Brazilian test process is as follows: the moment of generation of micro-defects of the explosive column is 145s, the moment of generation of macro-defects inside the explosive column is 175s, the moment of mechanical failure of the explosive column is 275s, the moment of generation of macro-cracks on the end face of the explosive column is 390s, and the mechanical strength of the explosive column in mechanical failure is 0.83 MPa.
Example 2:
this example shows a method of testing the formation of defects in an explosive during the Brazilian test, which is substantially the same as that of example 1, except that the explosive charge is different.
Specifically, in this example, the explosive column has a molded density of 1.75g/cm3RL-F aluminum-containing explosive column.
In the present example, the test result of the generation of the explosive defect in the RL-F aluminum-containing explosive column Brazilian test with a molding density of 1.75g/cm3 is as follows: the moment of generating micro-defects of the explosive column is 156s, the moment of generating macro-defects inside the explosive column is 187s, the moment of mechanical failure of the explosive column is 310s, the moment of generating macro-cracks on the end face of the explosive column is 405s, and the mechanical strength of the explosive column in mechanical failure is 1.05 MPa.
Example 3:
this example shows a method of testing the formation of defects in an explosive during the Brazilian test, which is substantially the same as that of example 1, except that the explosive charge is different.
Specifically, in the embodiment, the explosive column adopts a WY-1 explosive column, the WY-1 explosive is an HMX-based aluminum-containing pressed explosive, the main components of the explosive are HMX, Al, an adhesive and the like, the WY-1 explosive is pressed into the explosive column with the diameter of phi 20 multiplied by 20mm by a compression molding mode, and the molding density is 1.88g/cm3。
In this example, the molding density was 1.88/cm3The test result of the generation of the explosive defect in the Brazilian test process of the WY-1 explosive column is as follows: the moment of generating the micro-defect of the explosive column is 163s, the moment of generating the macro-defect inside the explosive column is 198s, the moment of mechanical failure of the explosive column is 343s, the moment of generating the macro-crack on the end face of the explosive column is 434s, and the mechanical strength of the mechanical failure of the explosive column is 2.04 MPa.
From the three examples, the defect generation time of the explosive column in the baci test process in the examples 3 and 2 is obviously lagged behind that in the example 1, which shows that the same formula proportion is adopted, the denser the explosive column is, the later the occurrence time of the micro defect and the macro defect of the explosive column in the Brazilian test process is, and the larger the failure mechanical strength of the explosive column is; the occurrence time of micro defects and macro defects of an explosive column of the HMX-based WY-1 explosive in the Brazilian test process is later than that of the RDX-based RL-F explosive, and the failure mechanical strength of the explosive column is also obviously higher than that of the RL-F explosive.
Claims (6)
1. A method for testing explosive defect generation in a Brazilian test process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, carrying out a Brazilian test of an explosive column in a quasi-static state by using a universal testing machine, and arranging a light source, a high-speed camera and an acoustic emission instrument at a position of 1.5 meters, a position of 2 meters and a position of 3 meters of the universal testing machine respectively, wherein the high-speed camera is over against the end face of the explosive column to be tested of the universal testing machine; the angles of the light source and the sample and the angles of the high-speed camera and the sample form an included angle;
secondly, preparing an explosive column, and placing the arc surface of the explosive column on a sample table of a universal testing machine, wherein the end surface of the explosive column forms an included angle of 90 degrees with the sample table and is opposite to a lens of a high-speed camera; adhering an acoustic emission sensor of an acoustic emission instrument to the arc surface of the explosive column by using a transparent adhesive tape;
setting parameters of a testing instrument, and loading the universal testing machine in a speed control mode at a loading speed of 0.2mm & min-1(ii) a The detection frequency of high-speed photography is 50 frames/second; the sampling frequency of the acoustic emission instrument is 10 MHz;
step four, synchronously starting the loading action of the universal testing machine and the detection actions of the high-speed camera and the acoustic emission instrument, starting timing, recording the explosive column defect generation parameters until the end face of the explosive column has a macroscopic crack, and stopping the loading of the universal testing machine and the testing of the high-speed camera and the acoustic emission instrument;
fifthly, the explosive defect generation test result in the Brazilian test process consists of three types of data, wherein the three types of data comprise a microdefect-time curve, a stress-time curve and an end face morphology-time relation of an explosive column at the same initial time;
obtaining parameters of a moment A, a moment B, a moment C and a moment D and the mechanical strength of the mechanical failure of the explosive column through the three types of data, thereby obtaining the defect generation parameters of the explosive column in the Brazilian test process;
the time A corresponds to the moment of generating the microdefects of the explosive column; the time B corresponds to the time of generating macroscopic defects inside the explosive column; the time C corresponds to the moment of mechanical failure of the explosive column; and the time D corresponds to the time of generating the macrocracks on the end face of the explosive column.
2. The method for testing the generation of explosive defects in Brazilian test process according to claim 1, wherein said universal tester is an AG-IC 100 type universal tester.
3. The method for testing the generation of the explosive defect in the Brazilian test process according to claim 1, wherein a 24-channel acoustic emission instrument is adopted as the acoustic emission instrument, the system front amplification gain is 40dB, and the filter bandwidth of the acoustic emission sensor is 400 Hz-2 MHz.
4. The method for testing the generation of the explosive defect in the Brazilian test process according to claim 1, wherein the acoustic emission sensor of the acoustic emission instrument is a NANO30 acoustic emission sensor.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the light source and sample angle are at a 30 ° angle to the high speed camera and sample angle.
6. The method for testing the generation of defects in explosives in a brazilian test process according to claim 1, wherein the explosive column has a size of Φ 20 x 20 mm.
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| CN107991186A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-04 | 西安科技大学 | The tensile strength test experimental rig of rocks containing crack and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CA3057319A1 (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2018-09-27 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Determining rock properties |
| CN107991186A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-04 | 西安科技大学 | The tensile strength test experimental rig of rocks containing crack and method |
| CN108844835A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-11-20 | 四川大学 | A kind of test method of I type crackle Dynamic Fracture overall process parameter under explosive load |
| WO2020170360A1 (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-27 | 株式会社Ｉｈｉ検査計測 | Strength inspection method and strength inspection device |
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| 陈科全;蓝林钢;路中华;胡榕希;: "含预制缺陷PBX炸药的力学性能及破坏形式", 火炸药学报, no. 05 * |
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