CN113465684A - Non-contact type moving body state detection device - Google Patents
Non-contact type moving body state detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113465684A CN113465684A CN202110887956.8A CN202110887956A CN113465684A CN 113465684 A CN113465684 A CN 113465684A CN 202110887956 A CN202110887956 A CN 202110887956A CN 113465684 A CN113465684 A CN 113465684A
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Abstract
The invention provides a non-contact type moving body state detection device, which is used for detecting the state of a moving body and comprises a support shell, an induction component and a magnetic field component, wherein the support shell is configured to be internally provided with a containing space for matching and containing the induction component and the magnetic field component, so that the induction component generates an electric signal matched with the change of the magnetic field when the magnetic field of the magnetic field component changes, a closed magnetic circuit is formed by the moving body and/or an intermediate structure body arranged on the moving body and the magnetic field component, and the change of the magnetic field is caused by the state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a non-contact type moving body state detection device.
Background
In industrial production, a large number of rotating machines are operated, the rotating machines have high operating speed and are key equipment of a factory, and the operating conditions of the rotating machines not only affect the operation of the machine equipment, but also cause loss of subsequent production, and even cause accidents of machine damage and people death in severe cases. When these rotary machines operate, the rotor itself generates axial displacement and radial vibration. In the process, the measurement of shaft displacement and vibration is very important.
However, most of the existing detection devices have the problems of low measurement precision, inconvenient operation, difficult carrying and the like, and the measurement is only limited in displacement and vibration, so that the cracks and the surface flatness in the measured part are difficult to measure.
Patent document CN05043230B discloses an aircraft scroll-cooling shaft displacement measuring device and a method for measuring the scroll-cooling shaft displacement. The device is characterized in that a Y-shaped support is fastened on a clamping sleeve seat through an inner hexagon screw, a sliding block clamp is fixed on the Y-shaped support, a sensor support rod is vertically fixed below the sliding block clamp, and a current displacement sensor is fixed on the sensor support rod; when the displacement of the vortex cooling shaft is measured, on the basis of the excircle of the volute, the vortex cooling shaft displacement measuring device is directly sleeved into the inner circle of the tested volute, the central circular hole of the Y-shaped support is sleeved on the outer circumference of the vortex cooling shaft of the tested workpiece, and the distance between the probe head of the current displacement sensor and the excircle of the vortex cooling shaft of the tested workpiece is adjusted; the current displacement sensor measures the relative position of the excircle of the tested vortex cooling shaft and the end face of the current displacement sensor, and the test of shaft displacement is completed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a non-contact type moving body state detection device.
The non-contact moving body state detection device is used for detecting the state of a moving body and comprises a supporting shell, an induced component and a magnetic field component;
the support housing is configured to have an accommodating space for matching accommodating the induction member and the magnetic field member therein so that the induction member generates an electric signal matching the change of the magnetic field when the magnetic field of the magnetic field member is changed;
the moving body and/or an intermediate structure mounted on the moving body and a magnetic field component form a closed magnetic circuit, and the magnetic field change is caused by the state.
Preferably, the state includes any one or more of a moving body displacement, a speed, an acceleration, a thickness, a rotation speed, a rotation angle, a rotation number, a rotation frequency, a gap, a surface flatness, a surface roughness, and a surface crack.
Preferably, the magnetic field component comprises a magnetostrictor and a first coil, wherein the first coil is arranged along the circumferential direction of the magnetostrictor and is used for generating an electromagnetic field when electrified;
the induction component adopts any one of the following structures:
the induction part comprises a piezoelectric material body, the magnetostriction body and the piezoelectric material body are sequentially arranged in series in the accommodating space or in parallel in the accommodating space, and the piezoelectric material body is used for generating a first induction electric signal;
the inductive part includes a third coil arranged along a circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body and configured to generate a first inductive electric signal.
Preferably, the piezoelectric ceramic piezoelectric element further comprises two functional arms, one ends of the two functional arms are respectively installed in the accommodating space and can transmit the deformation or deformation trend of the magnetostrictor to the piezoelectric material body in a force form when the magnetic field of the magnetostrictor changes, and the other ends of the two functional arms extend to the outside of the accommodating space and are arranged in a gap with the moving body.
Preferably, a first functional moving body is arranged outside the supporting shell, the first functional moving body is an intermediate structural body, and the first functional moving body comprises a detection state and a non-detection state;
the first functional moving body is mountable on the moving body and moves simultaneously with the moving body in a detection state, and the first functional moving body is fittingly mountable on the support case in a non-detection state, wherein:
the moving body is made of a non-metal material, and the first functional moving body is made of a magnetic material.
Preferably, a second functional moving body is fixed along the circumferential direction of the moving body, the second functional moving body is an intermediate structure, and the moving body and the second functional moving body both adopt magnetic materials.
Preferably, the magnetic head further comprises a third functional part and two functional arms, wherein the third functional part comprises a containing shell, one ends of the two functional arms are respectively installed in the containing space and are directly or indirectly connected with the magnetostrictors, and the other ends of the two functional arms extend to the outside of the containing space and are connected with the containing shell;
the accommodating shell is provided with an opening, the moving body is installed in a matched mode on the opening, the moving body and the accommodating shell form a closed space, the moving body can slide relative to the accommodating shell under the action of external force or can be elastically deformed to further move close to or far away from the functional arm, the inside of the closed space is in a vacuum state or filled with air, and any one of the following structural arrangements is further arranged inside the closed space:
the second permanent magnet is arranged on the moving body;
the permanent magnet device comprises a second permanent magnet and a third permanent magnet, wherein the second permanent magnet is arranged on the moving body, the third permanent magnet is arranged on the accommodating shell, the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are arranged in a magnetic attraction or repulsion manner, and an elastic body is arranged between the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet or is not arranged;
wherein the second permanent magnet is an intermediate structure.
Preferably, a flying structure body is further connected to the moving body, and the flying structure body can ascend or descend depending on the structure or structural change of the flying structure body when being in a fluid environment flowing at a set flow rate so as to drive the moving body to move close to or away from the accommodating shell, and the magnetic field change is caused by the close to or away movement.
Preferably, the magnetic field component further includes a second coil arranged in a circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body and configured to generate a second induced electric signal when a magnetic field of the magnetostrictive body changes.
Preferably, the magnetic field component comprises a magnet and the magnet can be arranged at any position of the closed magnetic circuit to sense the magnetic field of the closed magnetic circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can measure various states of the moving body, and has the advantages of high measurement precision, convenient detection, good universality and more sensitive detection.
2. The invention can realize the detection of various states of the moving body made of the magnetic conductive metal material, the non-magnetic conductive metal material and the non-metal material, and has wide application range.
3. The invention has various implementable structures aiming at different application scenes, can be flexibly selected according to different application scenes and has good universality.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an induction member and a magnetic field member connected in series, wherein the induction member is made of a piezoelectric material;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the series connection of the induction component and the magnetic field component, wherein the induction component is made of a piezoelectric material body, and the magnetic field component is further provided with a second coil for induction;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the magnetic field component provided with the first permanent magnets in the circumferential direction on the basis of fig. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view when the third coil is used as the induced part, in which the first permanent magnet is arranged in the circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view when the same coil is used for the induction coil and the excitation coil of the magnetostrictive body;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the parallel connection of the inductive component and the magnetic field component, wherein both ends of the inductive component and the magnetic field component are connected to the ends of the two functional arms;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the series connection of the inductive element and the magnetic field element, wherein both the inductive element and the magnetic field element are disposed between two functional arms;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure in which the inductive element and the magnetic field element are connected in series, wherein the end of one functional arm extends between the inductive element and the magnetic field element, and the ends of two functional arms are connected to the two ends of the magnetic field element, respectively;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the magnetic field unit and the inductive member connected in series, wherein the ends of the two functional arms are connected to the two ends of the magnetic field unit respectively;
fig. 10 is a schematic view showing a configuration in which end portions of two functional arms are connected to both ends of a magnetic field unit, respectively, wherein the induction unit employs a third coil;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the present invention provided with a first functional moving body;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of two functional arms arranged in the radial direction of the moving body to which the second functional moving body is fixed;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural view when two functional arms are arranged in the moving body axial direction;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the first functional moving body in a non-detection state, the first functional moving body being mounted on two functional arms;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of the first functional moving body in a detection state, the first functional moving body being mounted on the moving body;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural view when an electromagnet is provided on the closed magnetic circuit;
fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of a moving body mounted on a receiving case, wherein the moving body is capable of sliding with respect to the receiving case, an enclosed space is filled with air, and a second permanent magnet is mounted on the moving body;
fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a moving body mounted on a housing case, wherein the moving body can slide relative to the housing case, a vacuum is formed in a closed space, a second permanent magnet is mounted on the moving body, a third permanent magnet is mounted on the housing case, and a spring is connected between the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet;
fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of a moving body mounted on a receiving case, wherein the moving body is capable of elastically deforming with respect to the receiving case, a closed space is filled with gas or vacuum, and a second permanent magnet is mounted on the moving body;
fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of a moving body mounted on a receiving case, wherein the moving body is capable of sliding with respect to the receiving case, a closed space is filled with gas or vacuum, and a flying structure is connected to the outside of the moving body;
FIG. 21 shows a plurality of magnetic grids spaced on a moving body;
FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the exterior configuration of the moving object under inspection according to the present invention;
fig. 23 is a schematic top view of the moving body of fig. 22.
The figures show that:
Second function moving body 13 of support case 1
Third functional part 14 of piezoelectric material body 2
Third permanent magnet 17 of moving body 6
First permanent magnet 10
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Basic embodiment:
the invention provides a non-contact type moving body state detection device for detecting the state of a moving body 6, comprisingA supporting housing 1, an inducing component 100 and a magnetic field component 200, wherein the supporting housing 1 is configured to have a containing space 5 for matching and containing the inducing component 100 and the magnetic field component 200 inside, and the inducing component 100 generates an electric signal matching with the magnetic field change when the magnetic field of the magnetic field component 200 changes, the moving body 6 and/or an intermediate structure body mounted on the moving body forms a closed magnetic circuit with the magnetic field component 200, and an alternating current V is introduced into the magnetic field component 200aThe induced component 100 can output induced voltage V due to the change of the magnetic fieldesAnd the magnetization of the closed magnetic circuit is increased or decreased when the state of the moving body 6 changes, and then the states of different attributes can be calibrated to obtain calibration information, and the calibration information is input into the control system, and when the state of the moving body 6 is measured, the control system obtains the VesAnd obtaining a corresponding numerical value in the calibration information and outputting the state value.
It should be noted that the state in the present invention includes any one or more of the states of displacement, speed, acceleration, gap, surface flatness, surface roughness, material thickness, surface crack, rotational speed, rotational angle, number of rotations, and rotational frequency (in the case of fig. 12) of the moving body 6, for example, the moving body 6 is a rotating body, and when a crack is measured on the surface of the rotating body, magnetic flux leakage due to bending of magnetic lines of force or local magnetic resistance in a closed magnetic path with the crack exists, and further the magnetic field of the magnetic field component 200 is changed, and finally the detection of the state of the surface crack is realized.
When the moving body 6 to be detected is a moving sheet body with different thickness, the moving sheet body is arranged on the table top in parallel, and moves in parallel to pass through a detection plane (such as a plane formed by two outer ends of the functional arm 4) of the detection device, a signal of the induction component 100 can change in the process of passing through the detection plane, and the moving sheets with different thickness enable induced voltage generated by the induction component 100 to change correspondingly, so that the thickness of the moving sheet body can be detected. Therefore, the invention realizes the state and form detection by the characteristic that the change of the magnetization intensity in the closed magnetic circuit is caused by the tiny movement of the detected component or the tiny defect on the surface of the detected component, so that the detection of the complex physical quantity is simple, convenient, accurate and easy to operate.
As shown in fig. 21, the moving body 6 is provided with magnetic grids 20 at equal intervals, the double-headed arrow in the figure represents the direction in which the moving body 6 can move, and the speed at which the moving body 6 moves can be obtained by the influence of the detection means on the magnetization of the closed magnetic circuit by the plurality of magnetic grids 20 on the moving body 6 and the distance between the adjacent magnetic grids 20.
As shown in fig. 22 and 23, the moving body 6 has a ii-shaped structure, and the two ends and the middle have different heights, so that when the moving body 6 moves, and the moving body 6 moves in a direction parallel to the detection device, the magnetization of the closed magnetic circuit changes at the hollow part of the moving body, which is high or low, and the detection of the external form of the moving body 6 can be realized.
The detection device of the invention respectively compares the state and the form of the moving body 6 with the voltage signal V in a pre-calibration modeesThe corresponding relation of the detection device forms calibration information, namely the detection device is made into a standard component, the state and the form of the detected moving body 6 have one-to-one corresponding relation with the voltage signal generated by the induction component 100, and the direct detection of the state and the form is realized by calibrating the corresponding relation. The value of the state of the moving body 6 can be directly output during measurement to realize the visualization of numerical values, so that the detection becomes simple, convenient and easy to operate. The moving body 6 is preferably a ferromagnetic material.
To further illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below by means of specific examples.
Example 1:
in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the magnetic field component 200 includes a magnetostrictive body 3 and a first coil 7, the first coil 7 is disposed along a circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body 3 and is used for generating an electromagnetic field when energized, in a specific application, one or more first coils 7 are preferably wrapped outside the magnetostrictive body 3, the inducing component 100 includes a piezoelectric material body 2, the magnetostrictive body 3 and the piezoelectric material body 2 are sequentially disposed in series in the accommodating space 5, and the piezoelectric material body 2 is used for generating a first induced electrical signal.
The magnetostrictive body 3 is made of a magnetostrictive material, for example, the magnetostrictive material is a Galfenol metal alloy material, and for the Galfenol metal alloy material, details are also described in the microscopic structure and magnetostrictive performance of Galfenol alloy which is published in casting Technology (foundation Technology, 1579 and 1583 in 11 th stage of 2008, page 5 in total) by authors such as brave, deluge, liunxianxia, zhanglong, royal jing, and the like, so that the magnetostrictive body is a novel magnetostrictive material, can bear large force application, can be machined, can tap threads, and the like, and is an ideal magnetostrictive material. For example, Tb-Dy-Fe alloy (Terfenol-D) rare earth super magnetostrictive material, such as metallic glass material. The piezoelectric material body 2 is made of a piezoelectric material, such as piezoelectric ceramic, and when the magnetostrictive body 3 deforms due to a change in a magnetic field or has a tendency to deform, the degree of squeezing the piezoelectric material body 2 changes, so that the voltage signal output by the piezoelectric material body 2 changes.
Further, the support housing 1 can be designed in various shapes to match the specific application environment according to the actual application scene, such as circular, square, oval, etc. In this embodiment, the supporting housing 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the detecting device in this embodiment can be made into a standard component with a portable structure, so as to achieve convenient movement, and in particular, when in use, the detecting device can be placed near the moving body 6 to achieve convenient detection of the state. For clarity of illustration of the detection process of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the moving body 6 is taken as an example of a shaft or a component connected with the shaft, and in order to detect whether the shaft or the component connected with the shaft is stable or not and whether the shaft or the component connected with the shaft swings or not, the detecting device of the present invention may be close to the shaft, at this time, because the shaft is made of ferromagnetic material, the shaft and the magnetic field component 200 form a closed magnetic circuit, and when the shaft swings, the magnetization intensity in the closed magnetic circuit changes, and thus the detection of the shaft swinging amplitude, i.e., the radial displacement of the shaft, in the present invention can be realized.
In practical application, the moving body 6 to be detected is limited in space due to the limitation of the installation environment, and in order to facilitate detection, in this embodiment, two functional arms 4 are further included, as shown in fig. 12, one end of each of the two functional arms 4 is installed in the accommodation space 5, one end of one functional arm 4 is disposed between the piezoelectric material body 2 and the support housing 1, the other functional arm 4 is disposed between the magnetostrictive body 3 and the support housing 1, the distance between the two functional arms 4 is fixed, deformation or deformation tendency of the magnetostrictive body 3 can be transmitted to the piezoelectric material body 2 in the form of force when the magnetic field of the magnetostrictive body 3 changes, and the other ends of the two functional arms 4 extend to the outside of the accommodation space 5 and are arranged in a gap with the moving body 6 when detection is performed. The number of the functional arms 4 can be flexibly set according to the actual detection environment, for example, one, and the case of setting more than two can also be applied to the actual detection environment, specifically, the setting is performed according to the requirements of the actual product.
Further, in addition to detecting the oscillation of the shaft body in the radial direction, the shaft body may also detect the run-out or other states of the shaft in the axial direction, such as surface flatness, surface roughness, surface cracks, and the like, and as shown in fig. 13, when the shaft rotates around the rotation direction, the run-out or the vibration may be caused by the assembly or the structure thereof, or the change of the magnetization intensity inside the closed magnetic circuit may be caused by the surface flatness, the surface roughness, the surface cracks, and the like of the shaft body, so that the detection of various states may be realized.
In the detection of the state of the moving body 6, as in the swing detection of the shaft, although the magnetization intensity of the closed magnetic circuit may be changed due to the small swing amplitude of the shaft, the detection signal sensitivity is not high, in order to increase the sensitivity of signal extraction, the second functional moving body 13 is fixed along the circumferential direction of the moving body 6, as shown in fig. 12, the second functional moving body 13 is adhered to the moving body 6 as an intermediate structure body or fixed on the moving body 6 by other means such as magnetic force, and both the moving body 6 and the second functional moving body 13 are made of magnetic (such as soft magnetic material or permanent magnetic) material, and the swing signal can be amplified when the shaft rotates by arranging the second functional moving body 13, so that the sensitivity of signal change is greatly improved, and the sensitivity of detecting the swing state is effectively improved.
The application of the present embodiment is not limited to the above, and may also be applied to detect other physical quantities in more fields, as shown in fig. 17, in the present embodiment, a third functional component 14 and two functional arms 4 are provided, the third functional component 14 includes a housing case 141, one end of each of the two functional arms 4 is installed in the housing space 5 and is directly or indirectly connected to the magnetostrictive body 3, the other end of each of the two functional arms 4 extends to the outside of the housing space 5 and is connected to the housing case 141, the housing case 141 is provided with an opening, the moving body 6 is installed on the opening in a matching manner, a closed space 15 is formed between the moving body 6 and the housing case 141, the moving body 6 can slide relative to the housing case 141 under the action of an external force so as to be capable of moving close to or far away from the functional arms 4, the inside of the closed space 15 is filled with a gas, the closed space 15 is also internally provided with a second permanent magnet 16, the second permanent magnet 16 is mounted on the moving body 6, the second permanent magnet 16 is an intermediate structure body, the second permanent magnet 16, the functional arm 4 and the magnetostrictive body 3 form a closed magnetic circuit, when an external fluid has a certain flow velocity, a force generated by the flow velocity acts on the moving body 6 to enable the second permanent magnet 16 to move close to or away from the functional arm 4, so that the magnetization intensity of the closed magnetic circuit is changed, and the flow velocity of the fluid can be detected through the change. Further, the device can detect the flow velocity of the fluid, can also detect the moving body 6 at different heights due to different heights, and can also detect the height of the moving body 6 at different heights, wherein the moving body 6 has small movement relative to the accommodating shell 141 due to different heights from the ground and different outside atmospheric pressure, so that the force of the atmosphere acting on the moving body is different, the magnetization intensity of the closed magnetic circuit can be changed, and the height of the moving body 6 can be detected through the change.
Further, there are various structures for detecting the height or the flow rate, for example, the inside of the enclosed space 15 is set to be in a vacuum state, the inside of the enclosed space 15 has a second permanent magnet 16 and a third permanent magnet 17, the second permanent magnet 16 is mounted on the moving body 6, the third permanent magnet 17 is mounted on the accommodating housing 141, and the moving body 6 is in a stationary state relative to the accommodating housing 141 after the second permanent magnet 16 and the third permanent magnet 17 are arranged in a magnetic repulsion manner and the attraction force and the repulsion force of the vacuum are balanced, and the state of the force balance is broken when the external flow rate or the height changes, thereby causing the moving body 6 to move relative to the accommodating housing 141 to realize the detection of the state.
In order to balance the forces of the second permanent magnet 16 and the third permanent magnet 17, an elastic body 18 is preferably arranged between the second permanent magnet 16 and the third permanent magnet 17, for example, the elastic body 18 is a spring. Specifically, the second permanent magnet 16 and the third permanent magnet 17 may be arranged in a repelling arrangement, or may be arranged in a polarity arrangement in a mutually attracting manner, so that the effect of the present invention may be achieved, for example, when the magnets are attracted, the middle spring may make the two permanent magnets reach a force balance and rest by an extension restoring force generated by being pressed.
The embodiment may also adopt a structure as shown in fig. 19, the moving body 6 can be elastically deformed relative to the accommodating case 141 under the action of an external force and then can move close to or away from the functional arm 4, the inside of the enclosed space 15 is in a vacuum state or filled with air, the inside of the enclosed space 15 is provided with the second permanent magnet 16, the second permanent magnet 16 is installed on the moving body 6, the moving body 6 adopts an elastic membrane body, and when a slight force is externally applied to change, the elastic membrane body can be driven to deform and drive the second permanent magnet 16 to slightly move so as to generate change of magnetization intensity of the closed magnetic circuit.
In this embodiment, a variation may also be made based on the above structure, as shown in fig. 20, a flying structure 19 is connected to the moving body 6, and when the flying structure 19 is in a fluid environment flowing at a set flow rate, the flying structure can ascend or descend depending on its own structure or structural change to drive the moving body 6 to move closer to or away from the accommodating case 141, and the magnetic field change is caused by the closer to or away from the moving body. The flight structure 19 in fig. 20 uses the principle of an aircraft, for example, in a laboratory where it is necessary to measure a certain fluid flow rate or flight knotsIn the case of the angle of inclination of the structure 19, V1Is the velocity of the upper part of the flight structure 19, V2For the velocity of the lower part of the flight structure 19, when V1Greater than V2The flying structure 19 appears to rise when V1Less than V2The flying structure 19 appears to descend and then acquires a force F due to the ascent or descentV1-V2Acting on the moving body 6 to produce a minute moving displacement S of the moving body 6 toward or away from the functional arm 6V1-V2The small displacement in turn produces a change in the magnetization of the closed magnetic circuit, from which the measured state is obtained.
In the above description, when the moving body 6 is made of a magnetic material, and when the moving body 6 is made of a non-magnetic metal material such as aluminum, copper, or the like, due to the high-frequency pre-loaded electromagnetic signal of the magnetostrictive material, the surface of the moving body 6 to be detected can be electromagnetically excited to generate an induced current, and further an induced magnetic field is generated, and the induced magnetic field is superposed and acted on the magnetostrictive or magnetostrictive piezoelectric sensor, so that the output voltage of the sensor is subjected to strain. The variable value can correspond to the physical quantity of position change such as displacement, swing, clearance and the like or surface dimension and defect change required to be measured, and further the detection of the motion state is realized.
Further, in the case that the moving body 6 is made of a non-metal material, the first functional moving body 12 is provided outside the supporting housing 1, the first functional moving body 12 is made of a magnetic material, the first functional moving body 12 as an intermediate structure body may be set in various structural forms, for example, as shown in fig. 11, the first functional moving body 12 includes a detection state and a non-detection state, the first functional moving body 12 can be mounted on the moving body 6 in the detection state and moves simultaneously with the moving body 6, the state where the moving body 6 is detected is further obtained by detecting the movement state of the first functional moving body 12, and the first functional moving body 12 can be mounted on the supporting housing 1 in a matching manner in the non-detection state, so that the effects of convenience in carrying and use are achieved.
For different application environments, the first functional moving body 12 may also be configured as a strip of permanent magnet, as shown in fig. 14, and specifically, the permanent magnet may be mounted on the moving body 6 for detection during the addition, as shown in fig. 15.
Specifically, there are various connection modes for the arrangement structure of the magnetostrictive body 3 and the piezoelectric body in this embodiment, which will be described in detail below:
structural form 1:
as shown in fig. 2, the magnetic field component 200 further includes a second coil 8, where the second coil 8 is disposed along a circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body 3 and is configured to generate a second induced electrical signal when the magnetic field of the magnetostrictive body 3 changes, and the detection of the motion state may be obtained by the first induced electrical signal, or may be obtained by the second induced electrical signal, or may be used as a verification of the first induced electrical signal.
Structural form 2:
in practical applications, in order to make the induction of the magnetic field signal more sensitive, the magnetic field component 200 includes a magnet and the magnet can be disposed at any position of the closed magnetic circuit to sense the magnetic field of the closed magnetic circuit, and the electromagnet and/or the first permanent magnet 10 disposed at any position of the closed magnetic circuit can make the magnetic force of the entire closed magnetic circuit stronger and the change of the magnetic force sensed more sensitive, which is beneficial to more accurately determine the state of the moving body 6, for example, as shown in fig. 3, the first permanent magnet 10 is disposed along the circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body 3, and the first permanent magnet 10 is mounted to provide a bias magnetic field for the entire magnetic circuit, so as to improve the magnetization and linearity of the magnetic circuit and improve the sensitivity of the extracted signal.
Further, an electromagnet may be disposed on the closed magnetic circuit, as shown in fig. 16, and the fourth coil 11 may be mounted on the closed magnetic circuit, so as to increase the magnetization of the magnetic circuit and improve the sensitivity of the extracted signal.
Structural form 3:
as shown in fig. 7, the structure of the present invention is provided with two functional arms 4, wherein one end of the magnetostrictive body 3 is connected to one end of the piezoelectric material body 2, the magnetostrictive body 3 and the piezoelectric material body 2 which are connected to each other are installed in the accommodating space 5, wherein the other end of the magnetostrictive body 3 and the other end of the piezoelectric material body 2 are respectively in contact with and abutted against one ends of the two functional arms 4, so that the connected magnetostrictive body 3 and the piezoelectric material body 2 are adapted to the space between the two functional arms 4, and the space between the two functional arms 4 provides a fixed distance space for the magnetostrictive body 3 and the piezoelectric material body 2 which are arranged in series, so that the degree of tightness between the magnetostrictive body 3 and the piezoelectric material body 2 changes when the magnetostrictive body 3 deforms or has a tendency to deform. Meanwhile, the moving body 6, the two functional arms 4 and the magnetostrictive body 3 jointly form a closed magnetic circuit, and when the moving body 6 rotates, the magnetization intensity of the closed magnetic circuit changes due to the self state of the moving body, so that the piezoelectric material body 2 deforms or deforms along the trend corresponding to the changed magnetization intensity, and the first induced electrical signal changes.
Further, as shown in fig. 8 and fig. 9 which are two modifications of fig. 7, respectively, both ends of the magnetostrictive body 3 are connected to one end of two functional arms 4, respectively, as shown in fig. 8, and one of the functional arms 4 is disposed between the piezoelectric material body 2 and the magnetostrictive body 3, as shown in fig. 9 which is also a modification of fig. 7, both effects of the present invention can be achieved.
Example 2:
this embodiment is a modification of embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the magnetostrictive body 3 and the piezoelectric material body 2 are arranged in parallel in the accommodating space 5, two ends of the magnetostrictive body 3 are respectively and tightly connected with one end of the two functional arms 4, the piezoelectric material body 2 and the magnetostrictive body 3 are arranged in parallel in the accommodating space, and two ends of the piezoelectric material body 2 are also respectively and tightly connected with one end of the two functional arms 4, in this embodiment, the moving body 6, the two functional arms 4 and the magnetostrictive body 3 together form a closed magnetic circuit, and a trend of deformation response or deformation response generated by the magnetostrictive body 3 changes, so that a deformation or a trend of being expanded or reduced exists between one ends of the two functional arms 4, or a reciprocating change frequency of the deformation or the trend of being expanded or reduced per unit time changes, and finally acts on the piezoelectric material body 2, piezoelectric materialThe body 2 is squeezed tightly or loose, so that the piezoelectric material body 2 outputs a voltage signal VesIs changed according to VesFinally, the state of the moving body 6 is measured.
Example 3:
this embodiment is another modification of embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, the inductive member 100 includes a third coil 9, as shown in fig. 4, the third coil 9 is disposed along the circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body 3 and is used for generating a first inductive electric signal, and in a specific application, one or more third coils 9 are preferably wrapped outside the magnetostrictive body 3. The magnetostrictive body 3 is configured to be installed in the accommodating space 5, two ends of the magnetostrictive body 3 are contacted and pressed against the inner wall of the supporting shell 1, the moving body 6 and the magnetostrictive body 3 jointly form a closed magnetic circuit, and a first induced electric signal V is correspondingly generated due to amplitude-frequency change when the magnetostrictive body 3 deforms or has a deformation trendmsBy the pair VmsThe detection of (2) in turn enables detection of the state of the moving body 6.
In order to match the detection environment, in this embodiment, a proper number of functional arms 4 may be added, as shown in fig. 10, two functional arms 4 are provided, the two functional arms 4 are respectively installed at two ends of the magnetostrictive body 3, and both the two functional arms 4 are fixed on the supporting housing 1, the two functional arms 4 provide a fixed installation space for the magnetostrictive body 3, and the first induced electrical signal V is correspondingly generated due to amplitude frequency change when the magnetostrictive body 3 deforms or has a tendency of deformationmsBy the pair VmsThe detection of (2) in turn enables detection of the state of the moving body 6.
As shown in fig. 5, a modification of the present embodiment, in which the exciting coil first coil 7 and the induction coil third coil 9 are the same component, and VmsThe terminal can consider an additional resistance, inductance or capacitance device to be beneficial to acquiring VmsThe signal can also realize the detection effect in the invention.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A non-contact type moving body state detection device is characterized by being used for detecting the state of a moving body (6) and comprising a supporting shell (1), an induced component (100) and a magnetic field component (200);
the support housing (1) is configured to have an accommodating space (5) for matching accommodating the inducing member (100) and the magnetic field member (200) inside thereof so that the inducing member (100) generates an electric signal matching a change of the magnetic field when the magnetic field of the magnetic field member (200) is changed;
the moving body (6) and/or an intermediate structure mounted on the moving body (6) forms a closed magnetic circuit with the magnetic field component (200), the magnetic field variation being caused by the state.
2. The non-contact type moving body state detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the state includes any one or any plural kinds of states of a displacement, a speed, an acceleration, a thickness, a rotational speed, a rotational angle, a number of rotations, a rotational frequency, a gap, a surface flatness, a surface roughness, a surface crack of the moving body (6).
3. The non-contact moving body state detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field member (200) includes a magnetostrictive body (3) and a first coil (7), the first coil (7) being arranged in a circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body (3) and configured to generate an electromagnetic field when energized;
the inductive component (100) adopts any one of the following structures:
the induction member (100) comprises a piezoelectric material body (2), the magnetostriction body (3) and the piezoelectric material body (2) are sequentially arranged in series in the accommodating space (5) or in parallel in the accommodating space (5), and the piezoelectric material body (2) is used for generating a first induction electric signal;
the inductive part (100) comprises a third coil (9), the third coil (9) being arranged in the circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body (3) and being configured to generate a first inductive electrical signal.
4. The non-contact type moving body state detection device according to claim 3, further comprising two functional arms (4), wherein one end of each of the two functional arms (4) is installed in the accommodation space (5) and is capable of transmitting the deformation or deformation tendency of the magnetostrictive body (3) to the piezoelectric material body (2) in the form of force when the magnetic field of the magnetostrictive body (3) changes, and the other end of each of the two functional arms (4) extends to the outside of the accommodation space (5) and is arranged with a gap from the moving body (6).
5. The non-contact moving body state detecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that a first functional moving body (12) is provided outside the support case (1), the first functional moving body (12) is an intermediate structure body, and the first functional moving body (12) includes a detecting state and a non-detecting state;
the first functional moving body (12) is mountable on the moving body (6) and moves simultaneously with the moving body (6) in a detection state, the first functional moving body (12) is fittingly mountable on the support housing (1) in a non-detection state, wherein:
the moving body (6) is made of non-metal materials, and the first functional moving body (12) is made of magnetic materials.
6. The non-contact moving body state detecting device according to claim 1, wherein a second functional moving body (13) is fixed in a circumferential direction of the moving body (6), the second functional moving body (13) is an intermediate structure, and the moving body (6) and the second functional moving body (13) are made of a magnetic material.
7. The noncontact moving body state detecting device according to claim 1, further comprising a third functional part (14) and two functional arms (4), wherein the third functional part (14) includes a housing case (141), one end of each of the two functional arms (4) is installed in the housing space (5) and is directly or indirectly connected to the magnetostrictive body (3), and the other end of each of the two functional arms (4) extends to the outside of the housing space (5) and is connected to the housing case (141);
the accommodating shell (141) is provided with an opening, the moving body (6) is installed in a matched mode on the opening, the moving body (6) and the accommodating shell (141) form a closed space (15), the moving body (6) can slide relative to the accommodating shell (141) under the action of external force or can be elastically deformed so as to be close to or far away from the movement of the functional arm (4), the inside of the closed space (15) is in a vacuum state or filled with air, and any one of the following structural arrangements is further arranged inside the closed space (15):
comprises a second permanent magnet (16), the second permanent magnet (16) is arranged on the moving body (6);
the device comprises a second permanent magnet (16) and a third permanent magnet (17), wherein the second permanent magnet (16) is installed on the moving body (6), the third permanent magnet (17) is installed on the accommodating shell (141), the second permanent magnet (16) and the third permanent magnet (17) are arranged in a magnetic attraction or repulsion mode, and an elastic body (18) is arranged between the second permanent magnet (16) and the third permanent magnet (17) or the elastic body (18) is not arranged;
wherein the second permanent magnet (16) is an intermediate structure.
8. The non-contact moving body state detection device according to claim 7, wherein a flying structure (19) is further connected to the moving body (6), and the flying structure (19) can ascend or descend depending on its structure or structure change when in a fluid environment flowing at a set flow rate to drive the moving body (6) to move closer to or away from the housing case (141) and cause the magnetic field change due to the closer to or away movement.
9. The non-contact moving body state detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field member (200) further comprises a second coil (8), the second coil (8) being arranged in a circumferential direction of the magnetostrictive body (3) and adapted to generate a second induced electric signal when a magnetic field of the magnetostrictive body (3) changes.
10. The non-contact moving body state detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field member (200) includes a magnet and the magnet can be disposed at any position of the closed magnetic circuit to sense the magnetic field of the closed magnetic circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110887956.8A CN113465684A (en) | 2021-08-03 | 2021-08-03 | Non-contact type moving body state detection device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110887956.8A CN113465684A (en) | 2021-08-03 | 2021-08-03 | Non-contact type moving body state detection device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114199119A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-18 | 上海交通大学 | Composite detection sensor and detection device suitable for angle and angular speed of swing rotor |
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2021
- 2021-08-03 CN CN202110887956.8A patent/CN113465684A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114199119A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-18 | 上海交通大学 | Composite detection sensor and detection device suitable for angle and angular speed of swing rotor |
| CN114199119B (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2023-01-06 | 上海交通大学 | Composite detection sensor and detection device suitable for angle and angular speed of swing rotor |
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