CN113462412A - Be applied to waste treatment's distributing type pyrolysis oven - Google Patents
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- CN113462412A CN113462412A CN202110752682.1A CN202110752682A CN113462412A CN 113462412 A CN113462412 A CN 113462412A CN 202110752682 A CN202110752682 A CN 202110752682A CN 113462412 A CN113462412 A CN 113462412A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed pyrolysis furnace applied to waste treatment, which comprises a feeding pipe, distributed pyrolyzers, a high-temperature gas inlet pipeline, a high-temperature gas outlet pipeline, a shell and a slag extractor, wherein the shell is internally provided with a plurality of distributed pyrolyzers, the top of each distributed pyrolyzer is connected with the feeding pipe and the high-temperature gas inlet pipeline, the top of the feeding pipe penetrates out of the shell, the lower part of each distributed pyrolyzer is connected with the high-temperature gas outlet pipeline, and the slag extractor is arranged at the bottom of the shell. The invention adopts the distributed pyrolysis furnace comprising a plurality of pyrolyzers, can adjust the using amount of the pyrolysis furnace according to the raw material amount, and avoids the problems that the pyrolysis efficiency is reduced when a single large-capacity pyrolysis furnace is used and the energy consumption is overhigh when the raw material is small.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pyrolysis furnace, in particular to a distributed pyrolysis furnace applied to waste treatment.
Background
With the continuous progress of the scientific and technological development of China, the requirements of people on living environment are increasingly improved, and the requirements on the treatment and environmental protection of the living environment in cities and rural areas are also increasingly strict. In cities, the harmless treatment of domestic garbage is an important link of urban environment, the traditional landfill treatment method easily causes serious pollution to soil and occupation of land, and the existing garbage incineration often causes pollution to air; in rural areas, the problem of excrement treatment is brought while the animal husbandry is rapidly developed, the existing treatment method of the livestock excrement not only occupies a large amount of land, but also causes serious pollution to underground water and soil, and simultaneously can generate pungent smell to influence the life of surrounding residents. Therefore, a harmless decrement treatment system for municipal and rural domestic garbage, livestock and poultry manure and other wastes needs to be developed to meet the environmental protection requirement in the waste treatment process.
Around the national industrial policy of energy conservation and emission reduction, the aims of building living environment, eliminating environmental pollution, and treating urban and rural garbage economically, effectively and harmlessly are needed to develop high-efficiency treatment technology and equipment for harmlessly treating wastes based on domestic garbage and livestock manure, so that all emission indexes are ensured to meet the national standard.
In the prior art, the invention patent application with the publication number of CN112094655A, named as an ultra-long biomass pyrolysis furnace, comprises: a retort for splendid attire carbomorphism raw materials sets up in the heated warehouses of retort below, the rotatory drive arrangement of drive retort for support retort's fixed stay wheelset and removal support wheelset, the retort includes: inside first furnace body and the second furnace body that link up, first furnace body and second furnace body need a set of fixed support wheelset and a set of removal support wheelset respectively to support, can once only carry out the pyrolysis at more biomass raw materials of splendid attire in the carbomorphism stove. The name is living beings pyrolytic reaction ware of area catalysis structure, utility model patent with publication number CN213266378U, relate to biological processing technical field, pan feeding pipe head end has the motor through bolted connection, and the motor bottom rotates and is connected with the pivot, keep being the state of piling between the biomass feedstock, prevent effectively that biomass feedstock from piling up, can restrict biomass feedstock, the sleeve pipe has been cup jointed at the air pump top, and sleeve pipe middle part one side embedding is provided with the side nozzle, the side nozzle outside is connected with the takeover through the screw rotation, and take over inside the opening have two tapers, the even scarf joint of sleeve pipe top has a plurality of top nozzle, can even contact the catalyst between the biomass feedstock, the effect of catalysis is improved. The above scheme has the following problems: (1) the pyrolysis bin can not realize volume adjustment according to actual treatment capacity, and the pyrolysis efficiency is influenced when more or less raw materials are pyrolyzed; (2) the external energy required during pyrolysis is more and the energy consumption is high.
Disclosure of Invention
To above-mentioned problem, the application provides a be applied to waste treatment's distributed pyrolysis oven, and it can adjust the pyrolysis oven use quantity according to the raw materials volume, can effectively reduce energy consumption and pollution.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the application is as follows: the utility model provides a be applied to waste treatment's distributing type pyrolysis oven, includes inlet pipe, distributing type pyrolyzer, high temperature gas inlet pipe way, high temperature gas and derives pipeline, casing, row's sediment ware be equipped with a plurality of distributing type pyrolyzers in the casing, every distributing type pyrolyzer top links to each other with inlet pipe, high temperature gas inlet pipe way, and the casing is worn out at this inlet pipe top, and every distributing type pyrolyzer lower part is led out the pipeline with high temperature gas and is linked to each other, arrange the sediment ware setting in the casing bottom.
Furthermore, the feeding pipe comprises a feeding main pipe and a plurality of feeding branch pipes, one end of the feeding main pipe extends out of the shell, the other end of the feeding main pipe is connected with the tops of the plurality of feeding branch pipes, the bottom of each feeding branch pipe is connected with the corresponding distributed pyrolyzer, and branch pipe feeding valves are arranged on the feeding branch pipes; an emergency pressure relief valve a is arranged at the top of the shell.
Further, distributed pyrolyzer, including pyrolysis storehouse, flue gas storehouse and electric heating wire, electric heating wire is located the wall body in pyrolysis storehouse, and this pyrolysis storehouse is arranged in the flue gas storehouse, and the feed inlet at its pyrolysis storehouse top is arranged in introducing the pyrolysis storehouse with the material of treating pyrolysis in main feeding pipe, the feeding branch pipe.
Further, the distributed pyrolyzer further comprises a pyrolysis gas outlet pipe and a nitrogen inlet pipe which are positioned outside the shell, wherein the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe is connected with the feeding branch pipe through a plurality of exhaust pipes and used for leading out the generated pyrolysis gas, and an emergency pressure release valve b is arranged on the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe; the nitrogen inlet pipe is connected with the feeding branch pipe through a plurality of air inlet pipes and used for introducing nitrogen into the pyrolysis bin before pyrolysis reaction occurs.
Further, the pyrolysis bin comprises a pyrolysis bin shell and a pyrolysis bin outlet valve, the pyrolysis bin works when the pyrolysis bin outlet valve is closed, the pyrolysis bin outlet valve is opened after the pyrolysis reaction is finished, and the pyrolysis solid product falls into the slag extractor.
Furthermore, the flue gas storehouse includes flue gas storehouse shell, flue gas entry and exhanst gas outlet, the space that flue gas storehouse shell and pyrolysis storehouse shell enclose constitutes the flue gas room, and this flue gas room top is passed through the flue gas entry and is linked to each other with high temperature gas inlet pipe way, and the flue gas room lower part is passed through exhanst gas outlet and is derived the pipeline with high temperature gas and link to each other.
Furthermore, the high-temperature fuel gas inlet pipeline comprises an inlet manifold, inlet branch pipes, flow control valves, a temperature sensor a and a pressure sensor a, wherein the temperature sensor a and the pressure sensor a are installed on the inlet manifold, the inlet manifold is connected with the flue gas chamber through the inlet branch pipes, and each inlet branch pipe is provided with a flow control valve.
Furthermore, the high-temperature fuel gas derivation pipeline comprises an exhaust main pipe, exhaust branch pipes, exhaust valves, a temperature sensor b and a pressure sensor b, wherein the exhaust main pipe is connected with the flue gas chamber through the exhaust branch pipes, each exhaust branch pipe is provided with an exhaust valve, and the temperature sensor b and the pressure sensor b are arranged on the flue gas chamber shell.
As further, the casing includes casing, lower casing, scavenging inlet, scavenge outlet, control valve, urgent relief valve, the symmetry is equipped with scavenge inlet, scavenge outlet on the casing down the scavenge inlet department is equipped with the control valve the scavenge outlet below is equipped with urgent relief valve c.
As a further step, the slag extractor includes a cylindrical housing in which a spiral blade is provided for discharging the pyrolysis solid residue to the outside.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention can obtain the following technical effects: the invention adopts the distributed pyrolysis furnace comprising a plurality of pyrolyzers, can adjust the using amount of the pyrolysis furnace according to the raw material amount, and avoids the problems that the pyrolysis efficiency is reduced when a single large-capacity pyrolysis furnace is used for a plurality of raw materials, and the energy consumption is too high when the raw materials are used for a plurality of raw materials; the working sequence of the pyrolysis bin can be adjusted as required, and the continuous supply of pyrolysis gas is ensured; through the heating mode of high temperature gas heating and electric heating coupling, pyrolysis efficiency when can improve equipment and start can also reduce the energy consumption, pollution abatement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an external view of a distributed pyrolysis furnace for waste treatment;
FIG. 2 is a view showing an internal structure of a distributed pyrolysis furnace applied to waste treatment;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the inside of a distributed pyrolysis furnace for waste treatment;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the internal structure of a distributed pyrolyzer;
the sequence numbers in the figures illustrate: 1. a feeding pipe 11, a feeding main pipe 12, feeding branch pipes 13, branch pipe feeding valves 14 and an emergency pressure relief valve a; 2. the device comprises a distributed pyrolyzer, 21, a feed inlet, 22, a pyrolysis bin, 221, a pyrolysis bin shell, 222, a pyrolysis bin outlet valve, 223, a pyrolysis cavity, 23, a flue gas bin, 231, a flue gas bin shell, 232, a flue gas inlet, 233, a flue gas outlet, 24, a pyrolysis gas outlet pipe, 25, a nitrogen inlet pipe, 26, an electric heating wire, 27 and an emergency pressure release valve b; 3. a high-temperature fuel gas inlet pipeline 31, an inlet main pipe 32, inlet branch pipes 33, flow control valves 34, temperature sensors a and 35 and a pressure sensor a; 4. a high-temperature fuel gas outlet pipeline 41, an exhaust main pipe 42, an exhaust branch pipe 43, an exhaust valve 44, temperature sensors b and 45 and a pressure sensor b; 5. the device comprises a shell body 51, a lower shell body 52, a scavenging inlet 53, a scavenging outlet 54, a control valve 55 and an emergency pressure relief valve c; 6. slag extractor, 61, cylindrical shell, 62, helical blade.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-4, the present embodiment provides a distributed pyrolysis furnace for waste treatment, including a feeding pipe, a distributed pyrolyzer, a high-temperature gas inlet pipeline, a high-temperature gas outlet pipeline, a casing, and a slag extractor;
the feeding pipe 1 comprises a feeding main pipe 11, a feeding branch pipe 12, a branch pipe feeding valve 13 and an emergency pressure relief valve 14. The feeding main pipe 11 is used for introducing materials to be pyrolyzed into the distributed pyrolyzer; the feeding branch pipes 12 are used for connecting the feeding main pipe 11 and the pyrolysis bins 22, and the number of the feeding branch pipes is the same as that of the pyrolysis bins; the branch pipe feeding valve 13 is used for controlling the working state of the feeding branch pipe 12; the emergency pressure relief valve a14 ensures the safety of the closed space in the shell, the pressure is increased along with the temperature increase of the closed space during operation, and when the pressure exceeds the allowable value, the emergency pressure relief valve a14 is started, and the pressure in the closed space is reduced.
The distributed pyrolyzer 2 can be provided with a plurality of devices according to the situation, each device comprises a feed inlet 21, a pyrolysis bin 22, a flue gas bin 23, a pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 24, a nitrogen inlet pipe 25, an electric heating wire 26 and an emergency pressure relief valve 27, wherein the feed inlet 21 is used for connecting with a feed branch pipe 12 and introducing solid particles in a feed main pipe into the pyrolysis bin; the pyrolysis chamber 22 comprises a pyrolysis chamber outer shell 221 and a pyrolysis chamber outlet valve 222, wherein the pyrolysis chamber outer shell 221 is made of metal with good thermal conductivity, a closed space surrounded by the pyrolysis chamber outer shell 221 and the pyrolysis chamber outlet valve 222 forms a pyrolysis chamber 223, the pyrolysis chamber outlet valve 222 can be opened and closed according to requirements, when the pyrolysis chamber outlet valve is closed, the pyrolysis chamber works and pyrolysis reaction occurs, after the pyrolysis process is finished, the pyrolysis chamber outlet valve 222 is opened, and pyrolysis solid products fall into a lower layer; the flue gas bin 23 comprises a flue gas bin shell 231, a flue gas inlet 232 and a flue gas outlet 233, and a space enclosed by the flue gas bin shell 231 and the pyrolysis bin shell 221 forms a flue gas chamber, wherein the flue gas bin shell is made of a heat insulating material and is used for reducing the heat transfer quantity between the flue gas in the flue gas chamber and the outside; the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 24 is positioned on the feeding branch pipe 12 and is used for leading out the generated pyrolysis gas; the nitrogen inlet pipe 25 is used for introducing nitrogen into the pyrolysis bin before pyrolysis reaction occurs so as to ensure the anaerobic environment of the pyrolysis reaction and ensure safety, and the front end of the nitrogen inlet pipe can be connected with a nitrogen bottle or an air separation machine during working; the electric heating wire 26 is used for heating when the pyrolysis bin is started and the temperature of the flue gas is low; the emergency pressure relief valve b27 automatically relieves pressure when the pressure in the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe is too high, and the safety is ensured.
The high-temperature fuel gas inlet pipeline 3 comprises an inlet manifold 31, an inlet branch pipe 32, a flow control valve 33, a temperature sensor a34 and a pressure sensor a35, and is used for introducing high-temperature fuel gas into the flue gas bin 23. Wherein, the air inlet branch pipe 32 is connected with the flue gas cabin; the flow control valve 33 is used for controlling the amount of flue gas entering the flue gas bin 23, and the opening and the closing of the flow control valve are determined by the temperature signal of the temperature sensor a34 and the pressure signal of the pressure sensor a 35.
The high-temperature fuel gas delivery pipeline group 4 comprises an exhaust main pipe 41, an exhaust branch pipe 42, an exhaust valve 43, a temperature sensor b44 and a pressure sensor b45, and is used for delivering the flue gas in the flue gas bin 23 after the pyrolysis reaction is completed. The exhaust valve 43 is used for opening and closing the exhaust branch pipe 42, and the opening and closing are determined by the temperature signal of the temperature sensor b44 and the pressure signal of the pressure sensor b 45: when the temperature signal and/or the pressure signal is higher than the allowable value, the exhaust valve 43 is opened to ensure the working safety.
The shell 5 comprises an upper shell, a lower shell 51, a scavenging air inlet 52, a scavenging air outlet 53, a control valve 54 and an emergency pressure relief valve c 55; the scavenging inlet 52 and the scavenging outlet 53 are used for scavenging the space below the distributed pyrolyzer 2 by using nitrogen, so that potential safety hazards caused by residual combustible gas in the space below the distributed pyrolyzer are avoided; the opening and closing of the scavenging inlet 52 is controlled by a control valve 54; and the emergency pressure relief valve c55 automatically relieves pressure when the pressure in the space below the distributed pyrolysis bin is too high, so that the safety of the inner space is ensured.
The slag extractor 6 is located at the lowermost end of the distributed pyrolyzer 2 and includes a cylindrical housing 61 in which a helical blade 62 is provided for discharging pyrolysis solid residue to the outside.
When the distributed pyrolysis furnace works, the distributed pyrolysis furnace is connected with an engine, a boiler and other apparatuses capable of generating high-temperature gas, and is also connected with an air separation machine or a nitrogen cylinder; the specific working method can be as follows:
(1) solid substances obtained after dehydration of the domestic garbage and the livestock manure enter the pyrolysis bin 22 of the distributed pyrolyzer 2 through the feeding main pipe 11 and the feeding branch pipes 12, and the outlet valve 222 of the pyrolysis bin is closed at the moment;
(2) nitrogen enters the pyrolysis bin 22 through the nitrogen inlet pipe 25, meanwhile, the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 24 is opened, the nitrogen inlet pipe 25 is closed after air in the pyrolysis bin is completely exhausted, and at the moment, the pyrolysis bin 22 is in an oxygen-insulated environment;
(3) the electric heating wire 26 starts to heat, meanwhile, a certain amount of high-temperature fuel gas enters the flue gas bin 23 through the high-temperature fuel gas inlet pipeline 3, and the pyrolysis reaction starts;
(4) after a period of time (specific time needs to be calibrated by tests), pyrolysis gas is generated in the pyrolysis process, a pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 24 is opened after the pyrolysis reaction is finished, and the pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis reaction flows out through the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 24 (the pyrolysis gas can be directly connected with an engine, a combustor and the like, and can also be introduced into an anaerobic container for storage); gases generated during pyrolysis are removed in time and even pumped out, so that the pyrolysis is more thorough;
(5) the exhaust valve 43 is opened, the fuel gas is discharged through the high-temperature fuel gas outlet pipeline 4 (the fuel gas outlet pipeline is connected with the flue gas treatment equipment), at the moment, the high-temperature fuel gas is continuously led in and led out, and the flow of the high-temperature fuel gas is controlled by the opening degree of the valve;
(7) the slag extractor 6 starts to work, the outlet valve 222 of the pyrolysis bin is opened, the pyrolysis solid residue falls into the slag extractor 6 under the action of gravity, and the solid residue is discharged outside under the action of the helical blade 61;
(8) the scavenging inlet 52 is opened and nitrogen is introduced, the scavenging outlet 53 is opened, and the residual combustible gas in the lower space of the pyrolysis bin is discharged outside under the action of the nitrogen;
according to the invention, each distributed pyrolyzer can work independently, simultaneously or partially according to the amount of the pyrolysis substances, and the accurate matching of the space of the pyrolysis bin and the mass of the pyrolysis substances can be effectively realized; and high-temperature fuel gas is used as a pyrolysis heat source, so that energy consumption and pollution can be effectively reduced.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a be applied to waste treatment's distributed pyrolysis oven, its characterized in that includes inlet pipe, distributed pyrolyzer, high temperature gas inlet pipe way, high temperature gas and derive pipeline, casing, row's sediment ware be equipped with a plurality of distributed pyrolyzers in the casing, every distributed pyrolyzer top links to each other with inlet pipe, high temperature gas inlet pipe way, and the casing is worn out at this inlet pipe top, and every distributed pyrolyzer lower part is led out the pipeline with high temperature gas and is linked to each other, arrange the sediment ware setting in the casing bottom.
2. The distributed pyrolysis furnace applied to waste treatment in accordance with claim 1, wherein the feeding pipe comprises a feeding main pipe and a plurality of feeding branch pipes, one end of the feeding main pipe extends out of the shell, the other end of the feeding main pipe is connected with the tops of the plurality of feeding branch pipes, the bottom of each feeding branch pipe is connected with a corresponding distributed pyrolyzer, and branch pipe feeding valves are arranged on the feeding branch pipes; an emergency pressure relief valve a is arranged at the top of the shell.
3. The distributed pyrolysis furnace applied to waste treatment in claim 1 is characterized in that the distributed pyrolyzer comprises a pyrolysis bin, a flue gas bin and an electric heating wire, the electric heating wire is located in the wall body of the pyrolysis bin, the pyrolysis bin is located in the flue gas bin, and a feeding hole in the top of the pyrolysis bin is used for introducing materials to be pyrolyzed in a feeding main pipe and a feeding branch pipe into the pyrolysis bin.
4. The distributed pyrolysis furnace applied to waste treatment according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the distributed pyrolyzer further comprises a pyrolysis gas outlet pipe and a nitrogen inlet pipe, wherein the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe and the nitrogen inlet pipe are positioned outside the shell, the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe is connected with the feeding branch pipe through a plurality of exhaust pipes and is used for leading out generated pyrolysis gas, and an emergency pressure relief valve b is arranged on the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe; the nitrogen inlet pipe is connected with the feeding branch pipe through a plurality of air inlet pipes and used for introducing nitrogen into the pyrolysis bin before pyrolysis reaction occurs.
5. The distributed pyrolysis furnace applied to waste treatment is characterized in that the pyrolysis bin comprises a pyrolysis bin outer shell and a pyrolysis bin outlet valve, the pyrolysis bin outlet valve is closed, the pyrolysis bin outlet valve is opened after pyrolysis reaction is finished, and pyrolysis solid products fall into the slag extractor.
6. The distributed pyrolysis furnace applied to waste treatment according to claim 3, wherein the flue gas bin comprises a flue gas bin shell, a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, a space surrounded by the flue gas bin shell and the pyrolysis bin shell forms a flue gas chamber, the top of the flue gas chamber is connected with the high-temperature fuel gas inlet pipeline through the flue gas inlet, and the lower part of the flue gas chamber is connected with the high-temperature fuel gas outlet pipeline through the flue gas outlet.
7. The distributed pyrolysis furnace applied to waste treatment in claim 1 is characterized in that the high-temperature fuel gas inlet pipeline comprises an inlet main, inlet branch pipes, a flow control valve, a temperature sensor a and a pressure sensor a, wherein the temperature sensor a and the pressure sensor a are installed on the inlet main, the inlet main is connected with a flue gas chamber through the inlet branch pipes, and each inlet branch pipe is provided with the flow control valve.
8. The distributed pyrolysis furnace applied to waste treatment in claim 1 is characterized in that the high-temperature fuel gas leading-out pipeline comprises an exhaust main pipe, exhaust branch pipes, exhaust valves, a temperature sensor b and a pressure sensor b, the exhaust main pipe is connected with the flue gas chamber through the exhaust branch pipes, each exhaust branch pipe is provided with an exhaust valve, and the temperature sensor b and the pressure sensor b are arranged on the flue gas bin shell.
9. The distributed pyrolysis furnace applied to waste treatment according to claim 1, wherein the shell comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a scavenging inlet, a scavenging outlet and a control valve, the lower shell is symmetrically provided with the scavenging inlet and the scavenging outlet, the scavenging inlet is provided with the control valve, and the scavenging outlet is provided with the emergency pressure relief valve c.
10. The distributed pyrolysis furnace applied to waste treatment of claim 1, wherein the slag extractor comprises a cylindrical housing in which a spiral blade is provided for discharging the pyrolysis solid residue to the outside.
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Application publication date: 20211001 |