CN113462288B - Fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving fruit appearance and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving fruit appearance and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D189/00—Coating compositions based on proteins; Coating compositions based on derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D101/00—Coating compositions based on cellulose, modified cellulose, or cellulose derivatives
- C09D101/08—Cellulose derivatives
- C09D101/26—Cellulose ethers
- C09D101/28—Alkyl ethers
- C09D101/286—Alkyl ethers substituted with acid radicals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving fruit appearance, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3-7 parts of zein, 3-7 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.2-0.5 part of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride, 0.1-0.7 part of sorbitol, 0.3-0.8 part of lauric acid, 0.5-1 part of sodium hydroxide, 20-25 parts of ethylene glycol and 100-120 parts of water. The fiber-based self-repairing liquid film has a self-repairing function, can improve the appearance of fruits, is green, safe and degradable, has high glossiness and mechanical strength, and also has multiple excellent mechanical properties such as high elastic deformation, high toughness, good water resistance and the like. Also discloses a preparation method of the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film and application of the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film in improving the fruit appearance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new agricultural materials, and particularly relates to a fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the appearance of fruits, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In the field of current fruit planting, in order to ensure the exquisite appearance of fruits and prevent the attack of plant diseases and insect pests, a common measure of farmers is to tie a single fruit into a paper-plastic composite bag, and the contact between the packaged fruits and the external environment is isolated mainly by physical means to keep the appearance of the fruits. The sleeve bag is made of inert packaging materials and does not have any biological activity. The fruit protective agent has the advantages of high barrier, high strength and high toughness, and can realize fruit protection of more than 95%. However, the material and labor costs for bagging are very high. Taking peaches as an example, according to statistics, the cost increased by bagging per mu of land is 2400 yuan, which accounts for 60% or more of the whole planting cost. In addition, the bag has strong light-shielding property, so that photosynthesis in the growth process of fruits is greatly influenced, and the picked fruits are difficult to see and eat. Further reduce the price and volume of the whole consumption market, and is a problem for relevant practitioners.
Because natural polymers such as proteins (soybean protein, zein, feather protein and the like), polysaccharides (lignin, cellulose and chitosan) and the like have rich sources, are nontoxic and biodegradable, the nano-pesticide is widely applied to nano-pesticides. Zein is a major protein in corn endosperm because of its hydrophobicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and properties that enable self-assembly into nanoparticles. Is a novel film forming material with a prospect. A paper 'preparation and performance of PDMDAAC modified Zein loaded avermectin nanoparticles' newly published by plant health innovation research institute utilizes good film forming performance of Zein to modify Zein through PDMDAAC, a nano pesticide carrier is prepared, and avermectin is loaded. The nanoparticles were characterized using FTIR, SEM, DLS dynamic light scattering laser granulometer, Zeta-potentiometer and contact angle meter. The release conditions of the AVM under different grafting amounts are analyzed, the retention amounts on the leaf surfaces of the original drug and the nano pesticide particles are compared, and the nano pesticide carrier is proved to be capable of enhancing the ultraviolet resistance of the AVM.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a product of cellulose carboxymethyl modification, has good biocompatibility and film forming property, is a great research hotspot of degradable film materials, but the CMC film has the defects of poor mechanical property and the like. In order to extend the range of applications for CMC films, it is necessary to modify them to improve their properties. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly preparing Cellulose Nanocrystalline (CNC) by adopting a mechanical ball milling method, then carrying out solution blending on the CNC and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and preparing a CNC/CMC composite membrane by adopting a tape casting method. The result shows that the CNC/CMC composite membrane has higher transparency, and the CNC can be dispersed in the composite membrane more uniformly. With the addition of CNC, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the composite film are increased and then reduced, and the water vapor permeability is decreased and then increased. When the CNC content is 3% (wt), the composite membrane shows the best overall performance. Compared with CMC film, the tensile strength is 64.77MPa at most, the tensile strength is increased by 53 percent, the elongation at break is increased from 0.9 percent to 2.9 percent, and the water vapor permeability coefficient is 3.11 multiplied by 10 at least -12 g·cm/(cm 2 S · Pa), by 18%.
Although the modified zein can be used as a load carrier to load abamectin, the modified zein is insoluble in water and needs to be dissolved by glycol; although the PDMDAAC modified zein loaded avermectin nanoparticles have excellent film forming property, a single material is difficult to form a thick film due to the problem of low solubility, and the PDMDAAC modified zein loaded avermectin nanoparticles need to be matched with other film materials for use. The CNC/CMC composite membrane has better air permeability, tensile strength, elongation at break, water vapor transmission coefficient and the like, but the mechanical strength of the composite membrane is reduced along with the addition of the CNC exceeding 3 percent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit appearance, the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film has a self-repairing function, can improve the fruit appearance, is green, safe and degradable, and has high glossiness and mechanical strength, high elastic deformation, high toughness, good water resistance and other excellent mechanical properties.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film, which is simple in process and can be used for large-scale industrial production.
The final object of the invention is to provide the application of the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film in improving fruit appearance.
The first object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: a fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving fruit appearance is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3-7 parts of zein, 3-7 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.2-0.5 part of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride, 0.1-0.7 part of sorbitol, 0.3-0.8 part of lauric acid, 0.5-1 part of sodium hydroxide, 20-25 parts of ethylene glycol and 100-120 parts of water.
Preferably, the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit phase is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 4-6 parts of zein, 4-6 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.3-0.5 part of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride, 0.3-0.5 part of sorbitol, 0.4-0.6 part of lauric acid, 0.6-0.8 part of sodium hydroxide, 22-24 parts of ethylene glycol and 105-115 parts of water.
Preferably, the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit phase is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5 parts of zein, 5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.4 part of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride, 0.4 part of sorbitol, 0.5 part of lauric acid, 0.7 part of sodium hydroxide, 22 parts of ethylene glycol and 108 parts of water.
The zein is a commercially available product.
The zein with the model number WH-001437 produced by Guangdong Wanhong biological technology limited company is preferably used.
The rest raw materials are all commercial products.
According to the invention, zein and sodium carboxymethylcellulose are used as basic film forming materials, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride is added to perform quaternary ammoniation on the zein, and the two film forming materials are uniformly blended in a weak alkaline environment. Sorbitol, lauric acid and the like are added as plasticizers, so that the formed film has excellent mechanical properties such as high strength and high toughness.
The invention discovers that after quaternization reaction of zein by 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride, the zein is mixed with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in an alkaline environment in a proportion of 3-1: 1, the former has free imine bond, the latter has free carboxyl, the film-formed fruit surface is wrapped, once suffering external mechanical damage, under humid environment such as acid rain and dew, the cross-linking reaction of chemical bond can take place, the automatic repair function of wound is realized. By adding a certain amount of sorbitol, lauric acid and the like, the mechanical properties such as tensile variable, toughness and the like of the film can be obviously enhanced, when the thickness of the film is 0.2mm, the tensile strength reaches 2.07-4.13 MPa, the elongation at break reaches 130.12-172.48%, the synergistic cooperation effect of stronger intermolecular force and sodium carboxymethylcellulose in a zein solution is fully exerted, the problems of weak film forming and low strength of a single material are avoided, and the effect of long-acting protection of the quality of fruits is realized.
The second object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: the preparation method of the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit appearance comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the dosage relation, zein is selected and added into ethylene glycol, the zein is stirred and dissolved at the heat treatment temperature of 40-55 ℃, sodium hydroxide is adopted to control the pH value of the solution to be 8-9, and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride is added to etherify for 1-1.5 hours;
(2) and then sequentially adding water, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sorbitol, controlling the pH value of the solution to be 7-8 by adopting lauric acid, and treating for 10-30 min at 40-55 ℃ to obtain the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit phase.
Preferably, the stirring speed is 2150-2250 r/min when the solution is stirred and dissolved in the step (1).
The last object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: the application of the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit appearance in the aspect of improving the fruit appearance is provided.
Preferably, during the use, after diluting 5~ 15 times through adding water the fibre base selfreparing liquid film that will improve fruit article looks, the spraying perhaps soaks the fruit wherein once and uses, in order to use manpower sparingly cost, more preferably for adopting the spraying mode to use, forms the film after the liquid film is dry, directly covers on fruit surface, need not to overlap the bag in addition again, can save a large amount of human costs.
Furthermore, the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film can be cast in a flat plate to obtain a whole thin film or directly formed into a film by adopting a conventional technical means in the field, and the film is wrapped on the surface of the fruit for use, so that the fruit is good in protection effect under the condition of saving labor cost, the fruit phase can be improved, and the film is easy to degrade.
The high-glossiness fiber-based self-repairing film disclosed by the invention is applied to the growth stage of fruits, can play a role in protecting fruit peels from being damaged by branches, sand blown by wind, insects and the like, and meanwhile, the VC content and the soluble solid content of the fruits are increased, so that the excellent quality of the fruits is effectively ensured.
Preferably, the fruits include apples, pears, nectarines and the like, and can also be other fruits which can form a film on the surface.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, zein is subjected to quaternization reaction by 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride and then reacts with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in an alkaline environment, the zein has free imino bonds, the zein has free carboxyl groups, the zein and the carboxyl groups can form reversible Schiff base reaction, the zein and the carboxyl groups are coated on the surface of a fruit after being formed into a film, once being damaged by external machinery, the zein can accelerate the cross-linking polymerization of the carboxyl groups and the imino groups under the humid environments such as acid rain and dew and the like, and the cross-linking reaction of the chemical bonds can occur, so that the film has self-repairing performance, and the automatic repairing function of the wound of the film is realized;
(2) according to the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film disclosed by the invention, a certain amount of sorbitol, lauric acid and the like are added in the formula to form the film, so that the mechanical properties such as tensile variable, toughness and the like of the film can be obviously enhanced, the stronger intermolecular force and the carboxymethyl cellulose in a zein solution are fully exerted to cooperate, the problems of fragility and low strength of the formed film of a single material are avoided, and the effect of long-acting protection of the quality of fruits is realized;
(3) the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film has various excellent mechanical properties such as high elastic deformation, strong toughness, good water resistance and the like after being formed into a film, is green, safe and degradable, has high mechanical strength, and has a self-repairing function; when the thickness of the material is 0.2mm, the tensile strength reaches 2.07-4.13 MPa, and the elongation at break reaches 130.12-172.48%;
(4) the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film adopts degradable materials, does not cause environmental pollution, and compared with the traditional method that the film is difficult to recover and treat after bagging, the substrate film materials such as zein, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the like used in the invention all belong to biodegradable materials, and along with the extension of the growth period of fruits, the film is subjected to environmental oxidation and microbial action to realize controllable decomposition without causing residue;
(5) the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film does not influence photosynthesis after being formed into a film, and the fruit has higher sweetness, can realize the condition protection in the fruit growth process, and does not influence the actions of the fruit for exchanging substances with the outside, such as normal respiration, photosynthesis and the likeAfter the fruits are picked, the overall sweetness can be improved by about 2.2 on average, and the average value of VC content is improved by about 3.55mg (100g) on average -1 ；
(6) The fiber-based self-repairing liquid film is convenient to use and simple to operate, according to measurement and calculation of agricultural departments, the efficiency of manual bagging is average 500 bags per person per day, the operation efficiency is low, the operation is complex, young generation agricultural practitioners basically have few people to master the bagging skill, the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film can be sprayed on the surface of fruits in an aerosol mode, the operation is simple and accurate, more than 5 mu of work can be realized per person per day, and the efficiency is very high;
(7) the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film is low in material cost and low in price, the material cost of a single-fruit bagging material in the market is 0.08-0.12 yuan, the material cost is 300 fruits in an integer, 50 trees per mu, and the average material cost is 1500 yuan per mu; the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film is diluted by adding water and sprayed, the average cost of the generated material is only about 300 yuan per mu, and the benefit can be increased by more than 80%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process diagram of the casting of a film of fiber-based self-healing liquid on a tetrafluoroethylene sheet in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film of example 1 after being cast on a tetrafluoroethylene plate and naturally dried for 20min to form a film;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film of example 1 after being cast on a tetrafluoroethylene plate and dried naturally for 20min to form a film and then being peeled off;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of the fiber-based self-repairing film of example 1 before burying soil in a degradation capability test;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of burying soil for 20 days in the degradation ability test of the fiber-based self-repairing film in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fiber-based self-repairing liquid film tested and sprayed in an apple base in Waals, Liaoning, in example 1, wherein the left diagram is the 1 st day of the liquid film spraying, and the right diagram is the 125 th day of the liquid film spraying;
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of the film uncovering after drying of the liquid film sprayed on apples with the fiber-based self-healing liquid film in example 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film applied to the apple in example 1 before and after spraying the apple with the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film, wherein the left image is the apple not sprayed with the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film (i.e., a naturally growing apple), and the right image is the apple sprayed with the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film;
fig. 9 is the sweetness test results of the apple coated with the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film and the bagged apple in example 1, wherein the left graph is the sweetness test result of the bagged apple, and the right graph is the sweetness test result of the apple coated with the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film;
FIG. 10 is a comparison graph of sweetness test results for apples coated with fiber-based self-healing liquid film, bagged apples and untreated apples (i.e., blank set) of example 1;
FIG. 11 is a graph comparing the results of VC content tests on apples, bagged apples, and untreated apples (i.e., blank groups) sprayed with the fiber-based self-healing liquid film of example 1.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit appearance provided by the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5 parts of zein, 5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.4 part of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride, 0.4 part of sorbitol, 0.5 part of lauric acid, 0.7 part of sodium hydroxide, 22 parts of ethylene glycol and 108 parts of water.
The preparation method of the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit appearance comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the dosage relation, zein is selected and added into ethylene glycol, the zein is stirred and dissolved under the condition that the heat treatment temperature is 45 ℃ (the stirring speed is 2150r/min), the pH value of the solution is controlled to be 8 by adopting sodium hydroxide, and 3-chlorine-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride is added for etherification for 1 hour;
(2) and then sequentially adding water, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sorbitol, controlling the pH value of the solution to be 7 by adopting lauric acid, and treating at 45 ℃ for 20min to obtain the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit phase.
The following tests were performed on the various properties of the fiber-based self-healing liquid film that improve the fruit aspect, with the following results:
1. film property detection
In order to test the tensile strength, the breaking growth rate and the like of the film, the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit phase is cast, dried and formed into a film on a tetrafluoroethylene plate, dried at 50 ℃ for about 2-3 h, and cast in a flat plate to obtain the film for testing the tensile strength, the breaking growth rate and the like of the film, and the specific process is as follows:
10g of sample liquid (i.e., the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film prepared in this example) was uniformly cast on a 18cm by 22cm tetrafluoroethylene plate, and the film was taken out after drying.
When the thickness measured by a thickness meter is 0.2mm, a film stretcher is used for testing the tensile strength and the elongation at break (four samples are tested in the same batch), the tensile strength is measured to reach 2.07-4.13 MPa, and the elongation at break is measured to reach 130.12-172.48%.
The process diagram of the casting of the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film on the tetrafluoroethylene plate is shown in figure 1; the schematic diagram of the film formation after the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film is casted on a tetrafluoroethylene plate and naturally dried for 20min is shown in FIG. 2; the schematic diagram of film uncovering after the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film is cast on a tetrafluoroethylene plate and naturally dried for 20min is shown in figure 3.
2. Film property detection
The film shown in FIG. 3 in (1) weighed 10g before burying in soil, taken out after 20 days, wiped clean, dried and weighed to leave 6.3g, and the degradation rate was 47%.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the effect of the fiber-based self-repairing film before burying soil in the degradation capability test, and fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the effect of the fiber-based self-repairing film after burying soil for 20 days in the degradation capability test.
3. Liquid film spray test case analysis
The spraying test is carried out on the apple base test in the tile storefront Liaoning city of the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film prepared in the embodiment, the schematic diagram of spraying the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film in the apple base test in the tile storefront Liaoning city is shown in fig. 6, wherein the left diagram is the 1 st day of spraying the liquid film, the right diagram is the 125 th day of spraying the liquid film, the schematic diagram of uncovering the film after drying the liquid film sprayed on the apple by using the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film is shown in fig. 7, the schematic diagram of the effects before and after spraying the apple by using the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film is shown in fig. 8, wherein the left diagram is the apple which is not sprayed with the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film (namely the naturally growing apple), and the right diagram is the apple which is sprayed with the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film.
The results show that: after the liquid film is sprayed, the apple has good protection of the product phase, and is close to a bag.
4. Sweetness testing of fruit
The sweetness of the sample in the figure 8 in the step (3) is tested, and the sweetness test result of the apple and the bagged apple sprayed by the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film is shown in figure 9, wherein the left graph is the sweetness test result of the bagged apple, and the right graph is the sweetness test result of the apple sprayed by the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film. The results show that: the bagged apple has sweetness: 8.5, the apple sweetness of the sprayed liquid film is 12.
The spray liquid film experiment was carried out 16 days in 25 months at 4 months on apples in the base of Waals, Liaoning. Picking was started 10 months and 9 days, 6 fruits were sampled respectively for sweetness test against the bagged fruits and the sprayed liquid film fruits, and the sweetness test results of the sprayed apples, the bagged apples and the untreated apples (i.e. blank group) with the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film are shown in fig. 10 and table 1.
TABLE 1 sweetness test results comparison of apples, bagged apples and blank groups sprayed with fiber-based self-healing liquid films
The result shows that the sweetness of the bagged apple is 8.9-10.5, the sweetness of the apple after the liquid film is sprayed is 11.6-12.6, the sweetness of the blank group of apples is 12.2-13.1, and the analysis shows that the sweetness of the sprayed liquid film is integrally improved by about 2.2 (average value) compared with that of the bagged apple.
5. Fruit VC content test
The apple in the base of the mart of the Liaoning Wakuang was subjected to a liquid film spraying experiment at 25 days 16/4 month. Picking starts in 10 months and 9 days, after picking, 6 fruits are respectively sampled to compare the VC content of bagged fruits, sprayed liquid films and blank apples, and comparison graphs of VC content test results of the apples sprayed with the fiber-based self-repairing liquid films, the bagged apples and the untreated apples (namely the blank apples) are shown in figure 11 and table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of VC content test results for apples, bagged apples and blank groups sprayed with fiber-based self-repairing liquid films
The result shows that the VC content of the bagged apples is 8.6-13.5, the VC content of the apples after being sprayed with the liquid film is 10.9-16.6, the blank content is 11.8-16.6, and the analysis shows that the VC content of the apples after being sprayed with the liquid film is integrally improved by about 3.55mg (100g) compared with the VC content of the apples after being bagged -1 (average value).
6. Cost calculation
The high-glossiness fiber-based self-repairing film for improving the fruit appearance in the embodiment has low material cost and substantial price, the material cost of a single fruit bagging on the market is different from 0.08 to 0.12 yuan, and the average material cost is 1500 yuan per mu when the material cost is 50 trees per mu in terms of an integer of 300 fruits; the fiber-based self-repairing film is diluted by adding water and sprayed, so that the average cost of the produced material is only 300 yuan per mu, and the benefit can be increased by more than 80%;
taking an apple as an example: the average price of the bag is 0.1 yuan/mu, 50 trees per mu, 300 fruits per tree, and the total number is 15000 fruits, and the required material cost is 0.1 × 50 × 300 ═ 1500 yuan/mu.
The fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit phase in the embodiment is sold at a price of 50 yuan/kg, 9 times of water is added for dilution when the liquid film is used, the total weight is about 10 kg, the liquid film is sprayed on the fruit surface in an aerosol mode, the loss of a single fruit is 0.002-0.006 kg (considering waste rate), the average value is 0.004 kg, each bottle of the liquid film can act on 10/0.004-2500 fruits, the total amount of the liquid film is required to be consumed 50 × 300/2500-6 kg, and the material cost of the consumed liquid film is 6 × 50 × 300 yuan.
Synergy is (1500-. I.e. 80% of the cost can be saved.
Example 2
The fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit appearance provided by the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: zein 4, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 6, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride 0.3, sorbitol 0.5, lauric acid 0.4, sodium hydroxide 0.8, ethylene glycol 22 and water 115.
The preparation process is referred to example 1.
The results of the performance test were similar to those of example 1.
Example 3
The fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit appearance provided by the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: zein 6, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 4, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride 0.5, sorbitol 0.3, lauric acid 0.6, sodium hydroxide 0.6, ethylene glycol 24 and water 105.
The preparation process is referred to example 1.
The results of the performance test were similar to those of example 1.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, which are intended to illustrate the use of the invention in detail, and functionally equivalent production methods and technical details are part of the disclosure. Indeed, those skilled in the art can, based on the foregoing description, find various modifications as may be required and which are within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (6)
1. A fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving fruit appearance is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3-7 parts of zein, 3-7 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.2-0.5 part of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride, 0.1-0.7 part of sorbitol, 0.3-0.8 part of lauric acid, 0.5-1 part of sodium hydroxide, 20-25 parts of ethylene glycol and 100-120 parts of water;
the preparation method of the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit appearance is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) according to the dosage relation, zein is selected and added into ethylene glycol, the zein is stirred and dissolved at the heat treatment temperature of 40-55 ℃, sodium hydroxide is adopted to control the pH value of the solution to be 8-9, and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride is added to etherify for 1-1.5 hours;
(2) and then sequentially adding water, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sorbitol, controlling the pH value of the solution to be 7-8 by adopting lauric acid, and treating for 10-30 min at 40-55 ℃ to obtain the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit phase.
2. The fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit appearance of claim 1, which is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 4-6 parts of zein, 4-6 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.3-0.5 part of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride, 0.3-0.5 part of sorbitol, 0.4-0.6 part of lauric acid, 0.6-0.8 part of sodium hydroxide, 22-24 parts of ethylene glycol and 105-115 parts of water.
3. The fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit appearance of claim 1, which is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5 parts of zein, 5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.4 part of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride, 0.4 part of sorbitol, 0.5 part of lauric acid, 0.7 part of sodium hydroxide, 22 parts of ethylene glycol and 108 parts of water.
4. The method for preparing the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit aspect as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) according to the dosage relation, zein is selected and added into ethylene glycol, the zein is stirred and dissolved at the heat treatment temperature of 40-55 ℃, sodium hydroxide is adopted to control the pH value of the solution to be 8-9, and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ammonium chloride is added to etherify for 1-1.5 hours;
(2) and then sequentially adding water, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sorbitol, controlling the pH value of the solution to be 7-8 by adopting lauric acid, and treating for 10-30 min at 40-55 ℃ to obtain the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving the fruit phase.
5. The method for preparing the fiber-based self-repairing liquid film for improving fruit appearance according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (2) stirring and dissolving in the step (1), wherein the stirring speed is 2150-2250 r/min.
6. Use of the fiber-based self-healing liquid film of any one of claims 1 to 3 to enhance the appearance of fruit.
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