CN113337410A - Pesticide for preventing and treating black spot of passion fruit and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pesticide for preventing and treating black spot of passion fruit and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 244000288157 Passiflora edulis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 235000000370 Passiflora edulis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 206010027146 Melanoderma Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000007102 Rhodotorula paludigena Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006196 deacetylation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003381 deacetylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011218 seed culture Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 18
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 102000012286 Chitinases Human genes 0.000 abstract description 6
- 108010022172 Chitinases Proteins 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000223600 Alternaria Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 rginine Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 4
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 3
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000223602 Alternaria alternata Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005747 Chlorothalonil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorothalonil Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C1Cl CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N Trehalose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N alpha,alpha-trehalose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000857 drug effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020776 essential amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种防治百香果黑斑病的药剂及其制备方法，所述的药剂由壳聚糖、海藻酸钠、海洋酵母R.paludigenum、精氨酸和甘油制备而得，为涂膜液，使用时涂膜于百香果果实表面即可。本发明的药剂采用天然产物制备而得，不会产生残留造成污染，也不会对人体产生危害，同时还添加了海洋酵母R.paludigenum抑制病原菌链格孢菌的生长，添加精氨酸促进该拮抗酵母分泌几丁质酶的活力，从而增强药剂对病原菌的抑制作用，更好的防治百香果黑斑病。The invention discloses a medicament for preventing and treating black spot disease of passion fruit and a preparation method thereof. , Just apply the film on the surface of passion fruit fruit. The medicament of the invention is prepared by using natural products, which will not cause pollution by residues, nor will it cause harm to the human body. At the same time, the marine yeast R.paludigenum is added to inhibit the growth of the pathogenic bacterium Alternaria, and arginine is added to promote the It can antagonize the activity of yeast to secrete chitinase, thereby enhancing the inhibitory effect of the agent on pathogenic bacteria and better preventing and controlling passion fruit black spot.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit preservation, and particularly relates to a medicament for preventing and treating black spot of passion fruit and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The passion fruit is sour, sweet and delicious, has strong flavor and pleasant aroma, and is prepared into juice or beverage which is popular with consumers. The black spot of passion fruit is also called brown spot and mainly damages fruits and leaves. The fruit is attacked, dark green disease spots like water stain are generated at the beginning, and then the disease spots are expanded into round, nearly round or irregular slightly concave disease spots, and the disease spots are dark brown or brown. The diseased fruits are finally dried and shrunk, most of the diseased fruits fall off, and most of the diseased leaves are also dried and fall off, so that the taste of the fruits is influenced, and meanwhile, the appearance of the fruits is hard to see and difficult to sell; even the storage and transportation of the picked fruits are affected, which causes great economic loss.
At present, the main measures for preventing and treating the black spot disease of the passion fruit are to apply medicines from the young fruit stage to the mature stage, most of the medicines are chemical agents, but the frequent use of the chemical agents easily causes the pathogenic bacteria to generate the drug resistance, so that the drug effect is worse and worse; in addition, chemical agents are not easy to decompose and remain on the surface of soil and fruits, so that pesticide residues on passion fruit products seriously exceed the standard, the health of human bodies is harmed, and the environmental pollution is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the agent for preventing and treating the black spot disease of the passion fruit and the preparation method thereof, which can effectively prevent and treat the diffusion of the black spot disease of the passion fruit and reduce the pollution of the agent to the environment and the fruit.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the medicament for preventing and treating the black spot of the passion fruit comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-14 parts of chitosan, 5-7 parts of sodium alginate, and 8-10 parts of marine yeast R.
The preparation method of the agent for preventing and treating the black spot of the passion fruit comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 2-14 parts of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 1% (v/v) acetic acid, adding 1-7 parts of sodium alginate and 8-10 parts of glycerol, stirring and mixing for 1 hour at 80 ℃, and defoaming in an ultrasonic cleaning machine to obtain membrane liquid;
(2) activating marine yeast R.paludigenum in NYDA slant culture medium, performing streak inoculation, culturing in an incubator at 28 deg.C for 48h, and repeating passage twice to obtain activated yeast; inoculating activated yeast into NYDB seed culture medium, culturing at 200rpm and 28 deg.C for 24 hr to obtain culture medium with concentration of 1 × 108Obtaining cell/mL to obtain bacterial liquid;
(3) and uniformly mixing the three into a sticky state according to the volume ratio of the membrane liquid to the bacterial liquid to arginine (10-12) to arginine (0.5-1) to arginine (0.05-0.2), and thus obtaining the medicament for preventing and treating the black spot of the passion fruit.
The agent is a smearing agent, and when the agent is used, the agent is coated on the surfaces of passion fruit fruits, and the agent can be dried at normal temperature to form a film to cover the surfaces of the passion fruit fruits, so that the passion fruit fruits are protected. The coating agent is prepared from chitosan and sodium alginate, both of which are natural products, can be eaten without causing harm to human bodies, can slow the respiration of fruits and the decay of the fruits after the coating film is formed, and on the other hand, the chitosan has an antibacterial effect and can inhibit the growth of alternaria alternata so as to reduce the generation of black spot. The marine yeast R.paludigenum is added into the film coating liquid, and the antagonism of the marine yeast R.paludigenum is utilized to perform nutrition and space competition with pathogenic bacteria, so that the bacteriostatic effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the chitosan membrane fluid is used as a matrix to load the marine yeast R.paludigenum, so that a large growth space is provided for the marine yeast R.paludigenum, and the marine yeast R.paludigenum can grow by using chitosan and sodium alginate as growth raw materials, so that high-level trehalose is accumulated in cells, the secretion of chitinase is promoted, and the enzyme can hydrolyze the cell wall of fungi, thereby remarkably enhancing the antagonistic effect. Arginine is added to secrete the activity of chitinase so far, so that the growth of pathogenic bacteria alternaria can be better inhibited, and the occurrence of black spot can be avoided.
As a further improvement of the invention, the NYDA culture medium comprises the following components: 10g of glucose, 8g of beef extract and 5g of yeast powder, diluting to a constant volume of 1000mL of distilled water, and then sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 20min to obtain the beef jerky.
As a further improvement of the invention, the concentration of the arginine is 100-400 mu mol/L.
As a further improvement of the invention, the chitosan has a deacetylation degree of 90%, a molecular weight of 200-500 kDa and a concentration of 0.2% (w/v).
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention uses natural products to prepare the film coating agent for preventing and controlling the black spot of the passion fruit, and the agent is natural and harmless and can not generate residue and pollution, so that the fresh keeping of the passion fruit is ensured safely.
2. The agent of the invention is added with marine yeast R.paludigenum to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria alternaria alternata, thereby avoiding the generation of black spot, chitinase secreted by the yeast can decompose the cell wall of fungi, but is beneficial to human bodies and passion fruit fruits, and further improving the safety of the agent of the invention.
3. The medicament can provide nutrition for the marine yeast R.paludigenum, promotes the marine yeast R.paludigenum to secrete chitinase, and adds arginine to further improve the activity of the secreted chitinase, so that the growth of pathogenic bacteria is better inhibited, a better effect of preventing and treating black spot is achieved, the arginine is essential amino acid for the growth of human bodies and the marine yeast R.paludigenum, is non-toxic and harmless, does not pollute the environment, and further improves the safety of the medicament.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The pesticide for preventing and treating the black spot of the passion fruit comprises the following components: chitosan, sodium alginate, marine yeast R.paludigenum, arginine and glycerol.
The preparation method of the agent for preventing and treating the black spot of the passion fruit comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 10 parts of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 1% (v/v) acetic acid, adding 5 parts of sodium alginate and 8 parts of glycerol, stirring and mixing for 1h at 80 ℃, and defoaming in an ultrasonic cleaning machine to obtain membrane liquid;
(2) activating marine yeast R.paludigenum in NYDA slant culture medium, performing streak inoculation, culturing in an incubator at 28 deg.C for 48h, and repeating passage twice to obtain activated yeast; inoculating activated yeast into NYDB seed culture medium, culturing at 200rpm and 28 deg.C for 24 hr to obtain culture medium with concentration of 1 × 108Obtaining cell/mL to obtain bacterial liquid;
the NYDA culture medium comprises the following components: 10g of glucose, 8g of beef extract and 5g of yeast powder, diluting to a constant volume of 1000mL of distilled water, and then sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 20min to obtain the beef jerky;
(3) uniformly mixing the membrane liquid, the bacterial liquid and the arginine according to the volume ratio of 12:1:0.2 to form a sticky shape, thus obtaining the medicament for preventing and treating the black spot of the passion fruit.
The concentration of the arginine is 400 mu mol/L.
The chitosan deacetylation degree is 90%, the molecular weight is 500kDa, and the concentration is 0.2% (w/v).
Example 2
The pesticide for preventing and treating the black spot of the passion fruit comprises the following components: chitosan, sodium alginate, marine yeast R.paludigenum, arginine and glycerol.
The preparation method of the agent for preventing and treating the black spot of the passion fruit comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 14 parts of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 1% (v/v) acetic acid, adding 7 parts of sodium alginate and 10 parts of glycerol, stirring and mixing for 1h at 80 ℃, and defoaming in an ultrasonic cleaning machine to obtain membrane liquid;
(2) activating marine yeast R.paludigenum in NYDA slant culture medium, performing streak inoculation, culturing in an incubator at 28 deg.C for 48h, and repeating passage twice to obtain activated yeast; inoculating activated yeast into NYDB seed culture medium, culturing at 200rpm and 28 deg.C for 24 hr to obtain culture medium with concentration of 1 × 108Obtaining cell/mL to obtain bacterial liquid;
the NYDA culture medium comprises the following components: 10g of glucose, 8g of beef extract and 5g of yeast powder, diluting to a constant volume of 1000mL of distilled water, and then sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 20min to obtain the beef jerky;
(3) uniformly mixing the three into a sticky state according to the volume ratio of membrane liquid, bacterial liquid and arginine of 10:0.5:0.05, and obtaining the medicament for preventing and treating the black spot of the passion fruit.
The concentration of the arginine is 100 mu mol/L.
The chitosan deacetylation degree is 90%, the molecular weight is 200kDa, and the concentration is 0.2% (w/v).
Example 3
The pesticide for preventing and treating the black spot of the passion fruit comprises the following components: chitosan, sodium alginate, marine yeast R.paludigenum, arginine and glycerol.
The preparation method of the agent for preventing and treating the black spot of the passion fruit comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 12 parts of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 1% (v/v) acetic acid, adding 6 parts of sodium alginate and 9 parts of glycerol, stirring and mixing for 1h at 80 ℃, and defoaming in an ultrasonic cleaning machine to obtain membrane liquid;
(2) activating marine yeast R.paludigenum in NYDA slant culture medium, performing streak inoculation, culturing in an incubator at 28 deg.C for 48h, and repeating passage twice to obtain activated yeast; inoculating activated yeast into NYDB seed culture medium, culturing at 200rpm and 28 deg.C for 24 hr to obtain culture medium with concentration of 1 × 108Obtaining cell/mL to obtain bacterial liquid;
the NYDA culture medium comprises the following components: 10g of glucose, 8g of beef extract and 5g of yeast powder, diluting to a constant volume of 1000mL of distilled water, and then sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 20min to obtain the beef jerky;
(3) uniformly mixing the three into a sticky state according to the volume ratio of membrane liquid, bacterial liquid and arginine of 11:0.8:0.1, and obtaining the medicament for preventing and treating the black spot of the passion fruit.
The concentration of the arginine is 250 mu mol/L.
The chitosan deacetylation degree is 90%, the molecular weight is 300kDa, and the concentration is 0.2% (w/v).
Application example 1
1. Bacteriostasis test
Selecting 20 passion fruits with black spot growing right above, randomly dividing the passion fruits into 4 groups, 5 in each group, respectively coating the three groups with the medicament prepared in the embodiment 1-3, spraying the other group with commercial 75% chlorothalonil WP 1000-fold liquid, naturally drying the treated passion fruits, and placing the passion fruits in a constant-temperature constant-humidity incubator (without packaging), wherein the temperature is set to be 25 +/-1 ℃, and the relative humidity is set to be 70-80%; samples were taken every 3 days and the size of the colony of black spot was measured (averaged) and by day 15 the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Passion fruit bacteriostasis test results
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, when the passion fruit is treated by using the medicament prepared by the invention, the continuous diffusion of the black spot can be effectively inhibited.
2. Preservation test
Selecting passion fruits with consistent maturity, randomly dividing the passion fruits into 5 treatment groups, wherein each group comprises 5 passion fruits, coating 3 treatment groups by using the medicaments prepared in the embodiments 1-3, spraying the other group by using commercially available 75% chlorothalonil WP 1000-fold liquid, and spraying the last group by using normal saline as a control; naturally drying the processed passion fruits, weighing, recording data, and then placing in a constant-temperature constant-humidity incubator (without packaging), wherein the temperature is set to be 25 +/-1 ℃, and the relative humidity is set to be 70% -80%; samples were taken every 3 days and shrinkage index and weight loss were measured, ending on day 15.
Shrinkage index: the shrinkage area of 5 passion fruits is observed at a time, and the shrinkage degree is determined by comparison. The degree of shrinkage can be classified into 5 grades (0: no shrinkage; 1: 0% to 25% shrinkage; 2: 25% to 50% shrinkage; 3: 50% to 75% shrinkage; 4: 75% to 100% shrinkage) according to grade classification.
The calculation formula is as follows: the shrinkage index is (Σ shrinkage degree × number of passion fruit of that degree)/total number of passion fruit.
Weight loss rate: the mass of the passion fruit sample to be tested before storage (M0) and the mass after a period of storage (M1) are respectively weighed.
Calculated as follows: weight loss ratio (%) [ (M0-M1)/M0 ] × 100 formula: m0 and M1 are the mass (unit g) of the passion fruit before and after storage.
The final results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Passion fruit fresh-keeping treatment results
The data in table 1 show that the agent prepared by the invention has a good effect on the fresh keeping of the passion fruit, compared with the agent sold in the market, the shrinkage index and the weight loss rate of the passion fruit are obviously reduced after the agent prepared by the invention is used, and the agent prepared by the invention has a good effect on the fresh keeping of the passion fruit.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made thereto by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The medicament for preventing and treating the black spot of passion fruit is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 10-14 parts of chitosan, 5-7 parts of sodium alginate, and 8-10 parts of marine yeast R.
2. The preparation method of the agent for controlling the black spot disease of passion fruit according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) weighing 10-14 parts of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 1% (v/v) acetic acid, adding 5-7 parts of sodium alginate and 8-10 parts of glycerol, stirring and mixing for 1 hour at 80 ℃, and defoaming in an ultrasonic cleaning machine to obtain membrane liquid;
(2) activating marine yeast R.paludigenum in NYDA slant culture medium, performing streak inoculation, culturing in an incubator at 28 deg.C for 48h, and repeating passage twice to obtain activated yeast; inoculating activated yeast into NYDB seed culture medium, culturing at 200rpm and 28 deg.C for 24 hr to obtain culture medium with concentration of 1 × 108Obtaining cell/mL to obtain bacterial liquid;
(3) and uniformly mixing the three into a sticky state according to the volume ratio of the membrane liquid to the bacterial liquid to arginine (10-12) to arginine (0.5-1) to arginine (0.05-0.2), and thus obtaining the medicament for preventing and treating the black spot of the passion fruit.
3. The preparation method of the agent for controlling black spot of passion fruit according to claim 2, wherein the agent comprises the following components: the NYDA culture medium comprises the following components: 10g of glucose, 8g of beef extract and 5g of yeast powder, diluting to a constant volume of 1000mL of distilled water, and then sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 20min to obtain the beef jerky.
4. The preparation method of the agent for controlling black spot of passion fruit according to claim 2, wherein the agent comprises the following components: the concentration of the arginine is 100-400 mu mol/L.
5. The preparation method of the agent for controlling black spot of passion fruit according to claim 2, wherein the agent comprises the following components: the chitosan deacetylation degree is 90%, the molecular weight is 200-500 kDa, and the concentration is 0.2% (w/v).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113796386A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2021-12-17 | 上海市农业科学院 | Application of Arginine as Inhibitor of Alternaria Toxin Biosynthesis |
Citations (7)
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