CN113461466A - Fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework blasting powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework blasting powder and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113461466A
CN113461466A CN202110823539.7A CN202110823539A CN113461466A CN 113461466 A CN113461466 A CN 113461466A CN 202110823539 A CN202110823539 A CN 202110823539A CN 113461466 A CN113461466 A CN 113461466A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
environment
smoke
safe
reducing agent
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CN202110823539.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
束庆海
吴启才
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Anhui Shidong Energy Technology Co ltd
Suzhou Guoshiyu New Material Technology Co ltd
Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
Original Assignee
Anhui Shidong Energy Technology Co ltd
Suzhou Guoshiyu New Material Technology Co ltd
Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Application filed by Anhui Shidong Energy Technology Co ltd, Suzhou Guoshiyu New Material Technology Co ltd, Beijing Institute of Technology BIT filed Critical Anhui Shidong Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN202110823539.7A priority Critical patent/CN113461466A/en
Publication of CN113461466A publication Critical patent/CN113461466A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B29/00Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate
    • C06B29/02Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal
    • C06B29/08Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal with an organic non-explosive or an organic non-thermic component
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0008Compounding the ingredient
    • C06B21/0025Compounding the ingredient the ingredient being a polymer bonded explosive or thermic component
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/0066Shaping the mixture by granulation, e.g. flaking
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B29/00Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework blasting explosive and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: high molecular fluorine polymer, active reducing agent, explosion promoter, adhesive and dust reducing agent. The composite material consists of the following components in parts by weight and particle size: 20-75 parts of high-molecular fluorine polymer with the particle size of 50-400 mu m; 8-47 parts of active reducing agent, and the particle size is 10-75 mu m; 5-35 parts of an explosion promoter, and the particle size is 10-120 mu m; 0.5-15 parts of dust reducing agent; 0.5-5 parts of a binder. The invention has the advantages that: the components of the traditional black powder, such as potassium nitrate, sulfur and the like which are extremely harmful to the environment and have higher sensitivity are banned. The obtained product has the advantages of no sulfur, no nitrogen, little smoke, environmental protection, low mechanical sensitivity, high safety and the like, and can be widely applied to the production of the explosive for fireworks and crackers.

Description

Fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework blasting powder and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of firework and firecracker production, in particular to a fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework blasting powder and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Black powder is one of the important raw materials in the production of fireworks and crackers. The black powder is made up by mixing three components of potassium nitrate (oxidant), charcoal (reductant) and sulfur (combustible), and has the advantages of low cost, safe operation and convenient production. However, the black powder can generate a large amount of black smoke during combustion, which affects the setting off effect of fireworks, and the combustion is incomplete, and the residue contains a large amount of oxides of carbon, sulfur and potassium and solid residues, which seriously pollutes the environment. In the aspect of safety, the black powder has high mechanical sensitivity, and can be ignited or exploded when being subjected to strong impact or friction, so that the safety is low in the production and transportation processes, and great danger is brought to lives and properties of people.
The high molecular fluorine polymer has good thermal stability (the decomposition temperature is generally above 400 ℃), ageing resistance and chemical stability, compared with the heat of formation of fluoride generated by the reaction of metal powder, the oxide is large, and a large amount of heat can be released (the explosion heat can reach 2150 kcal/kg). Meanwhile, the high molecular fluorine polymer has good compatibility with substances such as common combustible agents and additives of pyrotechnic compositions, has excellent long-term storage performance, and has good formability when applied to energetic materials such as pyrotechnic compositions. In addition, the combustion products of the high molecular fluorine polymer/active metal powder are carbon and fluoride particles, toxic and harmful gases such as sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide and the like are not generated, and the method is environment-friendly. In terms of safety, the high molecular fluoropolymer/active metal powder exhibits a marked bluntness to mechanical impact and thermal action, and is therefore highly safe during production and transportation. Based on the subversive advantages, the high molecular fluorine polymer/active metal powder can be applied to the production of fireworks and crackers and is expected to completely replace black powder.
The basic principle of the high-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly explosive is that severe oxidation-reduction reaction between the high-molecular fluorine polymer and active metal instantly releases high temperature of more than 3000 ℃ to the outside so as to perform expansion work on air. The by-products of the reaction can also form a certain amount of carbon powder, which affects the visual effect of the firework setting off on one hand and causes particle emission to a certain degree on the other hand. Aiming at the problems, the development of the safe and environment-friendly firework blasting medicine with the carbon reduction design has very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework blasting powder and a preparation method thereof.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a high molecular fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework blasting explosive comprises: high molecular fluorine polymer, active reducing agent, explosion promoter, adhesive and dust reducing agent.
The composite material consists of the following components in parts by weight and particle size:
20-75 parts of high-molecular fluorine polymer with the particle size of 50-400 mu m; 8-47 parts of active reducing agent, and the particle size is 10-75 mu m; 5-35 parts of an explosion promoter, and the particle size is 10-120 mu m; 0.5-15 parts of dust reducing agent; 0.5-5 parts of a binder.
Preferably, the dust reducer is a high-boiling-point decarbonized oxide, specifically: silicon dioxide or manganese dioxide.
Preferably, the binder is: one of fluororubber, polyurethane elastomer, cellulose acetate butyrate, silicon rubber, phenolic resin and epoxy resin.
Preferably, the explosion promoters are: one of lead perchlorate, potassium chlorate and potassium permanganate.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework explosive, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding the binder into ethyl acetate, uniformly stirring, dispersing the active reducing agent into the solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for 2 hours, filtering and drying to obtain the binder-coated active reducing agent;
step two: adding the high molecular fluorine polymer, the explosion promoter and the dust reducer into the dispersion liquid obtained in the step one, and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry;
step three: and E, extruding and granulating the slurry obtained in the step II through a granulator, and drying the granules to obtain the final product.
Preferably, the stirring time in the first step and the second step is 1-6 h, and the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm/min.
Preferably, the soaking time in the step one is 1-3 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the high-molecular fluorine polymer, the active reducing agent, the dust reducing agent and the explosion promoter are used as raw materials, are all common chemical reagents, are wide and easily available in sources, can be prepared by adopting simple powder mixing, stirring, granulating and drying processes, are suitable for industrial batch production, and are safe and controllable in process.
2. The composite powder can be used for replacing the traditional black powder, has the advantages of no sulfur, no nitrogen, little smoke, environmental friendliness, low mechanical sensitivity, high safety and the like, and can be widely applied to the production of the propellant for fireworks and crackers.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail by referring to the following examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework blasting powder comprises the following specific steps:
(1) dispersed coating
Surface modification: weighing 1 part of binder, adding the binder into ethyl acetate, stirring for 0.5h, dispersing 50 parts of active reducing agent into the solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for 2h, filtering and drying; wherein the active reducing agent is spherical and has a particle size of 10 μm;
(2) mixing powder and granulating
Mixing powder: weighing 50 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride powder, an explosion promoter and a dust reducer, adding the polyvinylidene fluoride powder, the explosion promoter and the dust reducer into the dispersion liquid obtained by coating the reducing agent with the binder, and stirring for 4 hours to obtain slurry; wherein the particle size of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder is 160 mu m;
and (3) granulation: and extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.
Example 2
A preparation method of a fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework blasting powder comprises the following specific steps:
(1) dispersed coating
Surface modification: weighing 1 part of binder, adding the binder into ethyl acetate, stirring for 0.5h, dispersing 20 parts of active reducing agent into the solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for 2h, filtering and drying; wherein the active reducing agent is spherical and has a particle size of 10 μm;
(2) mixing powder and granulating
Mixing powder: weighing 80 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride powder, an explosion promoter and a dust reducer, namely manganese dioxide, adding the polyvinylidene fluoride powder, the explosion promoter and the dust reducer into a dispersion liquid obtained by coating a reducing agent with the binder, and stirring for 4 hours to obtain slurry; wherein the particle size of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder is 160 mu m;
and (3) granulation: and extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.
According to the GJB 772A-1997 mechanical sensitivity testing method, a 10Kg drop hammer with a drop height of 25cm is adopted to carry out sampling detection on firework explosive samples prepared from a plurality of batches.
The impact sensitivity and the friction sensitivity of the product prepared by the invention are both 0% and 0%, and compared with the traditional black powder (the mechanical sensitivity is more than 30%), the safety performance is improved. In addition, the formula composition does not contain elements such as sulfur, nitrogen and the like, the reaction product avoids the generation of nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide, and the problem of air pollution caused by the firework composition is fundamentally solved.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the examples described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the manner in which the invention is practiced, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to such specifically recited statements and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A high-molecular fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework blasting explosive is characterized by comprising the following components: high molecular fluorine polymer, active reducing agent, explosion promoter, binder and dust reducing agent;
the composite material consists of the following components in parts by weight and particle size:
20-75 parts of high-molecular fluorine polymer with the particle size of 50-400 mu m; 8-47 parts of active reducing agent, and the particle size is 10-75 mu m; 5-35 parts of an explosion promoter, and the particle size is 10-120 mu m; 0.5-15 parts of dust reducing agent; 0.5-5 parts of a binder.
2. The high molecular fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework explosive according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the dust reducer is a high-boiling-point decarbonization oxide, and specifically comprises the following components: silicon dioxide or manganese dioxide.
3. The high molecular fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework explosive according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the adhesive is as follows: one of fluororubber, polyurethane elastomer, cellulose acetate butyrate, silicon rubber, phenolic resin and epoxy resin.
4. The high molecular fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework explosive according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the explosion promoter is: one of lead perchlorate, potassium chlorate and potassium permanganate.
5. The preparation method of the high molecular fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework explosive according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding the binder into ethyl acetate, uniformly stirring, dispersing the active reducing agent into the solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for 2 hours, filtering and drying to obtain the binder-coated active reducing agent;
step two: adding the high molecular fluorine polymer, the explosion promoter and the dust reducer into the dispersion liquid obtained in the step one, and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry;
step three: and E, extruding and granulating the slurry obtained in the step II through a granulator, and drying the granules to obtain the final product.
6. The preparation method of the high molecular fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework explosive according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the stirring time in the first step and the second step is 1-6 h, and the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm/min.
7. The preparation method of the high molecular fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework explosive according to claim 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the soaking time in the step one is 1-3 h.
CN202110823539.7A 2021-07-21 2021-07-21 Fluoropolymer-based micro-smoke safe and environment-friendly firework blasting powder and preparation method thereof Pending CN113461466A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101633591A (en) * 2008-07-25 2010-01-27 王生宝 Fireworks product
CN111689823A (en) * 2020-06-16 2020-09-22 湖南坤普科技有限公司 Micro-smoke lead formula and preparation process thereof
CN112898105A (en) * 2021-02-09 2021-06-04 北京理工大学 Sulfur-free nitrogen-free high-temperature-resistant environment-friendly firework propellant and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101633591A (en) * 2008-07-25 2010-01-27 王生宝 Fireworks product
CN111689823A (en) * 2020-06-16 2020-09-22 湖南坤普科技有限公司 Micro-smoke lead formula and preparation process thereof
CN112898105A (en) * 2021-02-09 2021-06-04 北京理工大学 Sulfur-free nitrogen-free high-temperature-resistant environment-friendly firework propellant and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20211001