CN113563142A - High-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113563142A CN113563142A CN202110960445.4A CN202110960445A CN113563142A CN 113563142 A CN113563142 A CN 113563142A CN 202110960445 A CN202110960445 A CN 202110960445A CN 113563142 A CN113563142 A CN 113563142A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B27/00—Compositions containing a metal, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium or mixtures, intercompounds or hydrides thereof, and hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/001—Fillers, gelling and thickening agents (e.g. fibres), absorbents for nitroglycerine
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based thermite high-explosive-heat industrial explosive and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, the aluminothermic high-explosive-heat reaction agent is added on the basis of the high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant reaction material, so that the explosive heat of the explosive is obviously improved, and the explosive capacity of the product is favorably improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of civil explosion.
Background
The high molecular fluorine-rich oxidant is a polymer with high fluorine content, can form an energy storage material with high reaction heat value with active metals such as magnesium, aluminum and the like, does not need the participation of outside air in the reaction, and has better application prospect in the aspects of impact reaction materials, energy-containing materials and the like. The other remarkable advantage is that the reaction system is sulfur-free, nitrogen-free and phosphorus-free, is insensitive to accidental stimulation such as mechanical impact, friction, static electricity and the like, and has extremely excellent safety performance. However, compared with nitro-based energetic materials, the system does not contain explosive groups such as nitro groups, nitroso groups and the like, so that the detonation capacity and the detonation heat of the reaction system are relatively weak, and the defect of low power exists in the field of explosive application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the current industrial explosive is large in pollution, high in sensitivity, low in safety in production and transportation processes, and low in explosive heat of high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based reaction materials, so that the explosive capacity is insufficient.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention discloses a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based thermite high-explosive-heat industrial explosive, which takes a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant, an active metal reducing agent, a thermite high-explosive-heat additive and a binder as main components, has the advantages of no sulfur, no nitrogen, little smoke, low sensitivity and the like, and can be widely applied to the production of industrial explosives.
A preparation method of a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based thermite high-explosive-heat industrial explosive comprises a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant, an active metal reducing agent, a thermite high-explosive-heat additive and a binder.
Wherein the high molecular fluorine-rich oxidant is one or more of perfluoropolyether, polyfluoropolymer and polyfluoro polyester;
the active metal reducing agent is one or more of aluminum powder, magnesium powder, zinc powder and titanium powder;
the binder is one or more of fluororubber, silicon rubber, phenolic resin and epoxy resin.
The aluminothermic high-explosion-heat additive comprises: one or more of copper oxide, ferric oxide, ferroferric oxide and manganese dioxide.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, each raw material comprises, in parts by mass: 30-75 parts of the high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant, 10-50 parts of the active metal reducing agent, 5-15 parts of the aluminothermic high-explosive-heat reactant and 0.5-5 parts of the binder.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the active metal reducing agent has a particle size of 10 to 75 μm.
A preparation method of a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive comprises the following steps:
(1) premixing
If the active metal reducing agent is a mixture of a plurality of active metal reducing agents, the active metal reducing agents are mixed in a V-shaped mixer for 1 hour under the protection of inert atmosphere to obtain a mixture of active metal powder;
(2) granulating
Adding the binder into ethyl acetate, stirring until the binder is completely dissolved, dispersing the active metal reducing agent, the thermite high-explosive additive and the high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant into the solution, and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a binder-coated reducing agent dispersion liquid;
and extruding and granulating the obtained dispersion liquid through a granulator, and drying the obtained granules at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.
The thermite is a safe and environment-friendly reaction material, releases high temperature and a large amount of heat during reaction, is obviously improved compared with the reaction heat of conventional organic chemical reaction, and is a powerful way for making up for the insufficient release temperature and energy of the high-molecular fluorine-rich reaction material.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention provides a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive and a preparation method thereof.
2. The high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based safe and environment-friendly industrial explosive prepared by the invention can be used for replacing traditional black powder, ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, nitramine explosive, nitroglycerin explosive and the like, has the advantages of no sulfur and nitrogen, environmental friendliness, low mechanical and electrostatic sensitivity, high safety and the like, and can be widely applied to industrial explosive production.
3. According to the high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based thermite high-explosive-heat industrial explosive and the preparation method thereof, the thermite high-explosive-heat reaction agent is added on the basis of the high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant reaction material, so that the explosive heat is obviously improved, and the explosive capacity of the product is favorably improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention in any manner. Unless otherwise indicated, the various starting materials used in the examples of the present invention are either conventionally available commercially or prepared according to conventional methods in the art using equipment commonly used in the laboratory. Unless defined or stated otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Example 1
A preparation method of a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive comprises the following specific steps:
(1) premixing
Under the protection of inert atmosphere, mixing 22 parts of spherical magnesium powder and 8 parts of spherical aluminum powder in a V-shaped mixer for 1 hour to obtain a mixture of active metal powder; wherein the particle size of the magnesium powder is 10 μm, and the particle size of the aluminum powder is 40 μm.
(2) Granulating
Adding 2 parts of fluororubber 5702 to ethyl acetate, stirring until the fluororubber is completely dissolved, dispersing the mixture of 30 parts of active metal powder, 8 parts of copper oxide and 60 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride powder in the solution, and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion liquid of the binder-coated reducing agent. Wherein the particle size of the copper oxide is 30 μm, and the particle size of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder is 160 μm.
And extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.
Example 2
A preparation method of a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive comprises the following specific steps:
(1) premixing
Under the protection of inert atmosphere, mixing 30 parts of spherical magnesium powder and 10 parts of spherical aluminum powder in a V-shaped mixer for 1 hour to obtain a mixture of active metal powder; wherein the particle size of the magnesium powder is 10 μm, and the particle size of the aluminum powder is 40 μm.
(2) Granulating
Adding 3 parts of phenolic resin (with the molecular weight of 1000-3000) into ethyl acetate, stirring until the phenolic resin is completely dissolved, dispersing the mixture of 40 parts of active metal powder, 15 parts of ferric oxide and 42 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder into the solution, and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion liquid of the binder-coated reducing agent. Wherein the particle size of the ferric oxide is 30 μm, and the particle size of the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is 160 μm.
And extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.
Example 3
A preparation method of a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive comprises the following specific steps:
(1) premixing
Under the protection of inert atmosphere, mixing 32 parts of spherical magnesium powder and 11 parts of spherical aluminum powder in a V-shaped mixer for 1 hour to obtain a mixture of active metal powder; wherein the particle size of the magnesium powder is 10 μm, and the particle size of the aluminum powder is 40 μm.
(2) Granulating
Adding 2 parts of fluororubber 5702 to ethyl acetate, stirring until the fluororubber is completely dissolved, dispersing the mixture of 43 parts of active metal powder, 10 parts of ferroferric oxide and 45 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder in the solution, and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion liquid of the binder-coated reducing agent. Wherein the particle size of the ferroferric oxide is 30 mu m, and the particle size of the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is 160 mu m.
And extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.
Example 4
A preparation method of a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive comprises the following specific steps:
(1) premixing
Under the protection of inert atmosphere, mixing 10 parts of spherical magnesium powder, 12 parts of zinc powder and 21 parts of spherical aluminum powder in a V-shaped mixer for 1 hour to obtain a mixture of active metal powder; wherein the particle size of the magnesium powder is 10 μm, and the particle sizes of the zinc powder and the aluminum powder are 40 μm.
(2) Granulating
2 parts of fluororubber 5702 was added to ethyl acetate, stirred to be completely dissolved, and the above mixture of 43 parts of active metal powder, 10 parts of manganese dioxide, 25 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder, and 20 parts of perfluoropolyether were dispersed in the solution, and stirred for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion of the binder-coated reducing agent. Wherein the particle size of the manganese dioxide is 30 mu m, the particle size of the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is 160 mu m, and the molecular weight of the perfluoropolyether is 500-2000.
And extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.
Example 5
A preparation method of a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive comprises the following specific steps:
(1) premixing
Under the protection of inert atmosphere, mixing 14 parts of spherical magnesium powder, 8 parts of titanium powder and 21 parts of spherical aluminum powder in a V-shaped mixer for 1 hour to obtain a mixture of active metal powder; wherein the particle size of the magnesium powder is 10 μm, and the particle size of the titanium powder and the aluminum powder is 40 μm.
(2) Granulating
2 parts of fluororubber 5702 was added to ethyl acetate, stirred to be completely dissolved, and the above mixture of 43 parts of active metal powder, 10 parts of manganese dioxide, 35 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder, and 10 parts of perfluoropolyether methyl ester were dispersed in the solution, and stirred for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion of the binder-coated reducing agent. Wherein the particle size of the manganese dioxide is 30 mu m, the particle size of the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is 160 mu m, and the molecular weight of the perfluoropolyether methyl ester is 500-2000.
And extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.
According to the test method of GJB 772A-1997 mechanical sensitivity, a 10Kg drop weight with a drop height of 25cm is adopted to carry out sampling detection on industrial explosive samples prepared from a plurality of batches. The impact sensitivity and the friction sensitivity of the product prepared by the invention are both 0% and 0%, and compared with the traditional industrial explosive (the mechanical sensitivity is more than 30%), the safety performance of the product is improved.
Sampling and detecting from industrial explosive samples prepared from a plurality of batches by adopting an oxygen nitrogen calorimeter, and measuring that after the thermite high-explosion-heat reactant is added, the combustion heat of a reaction system is increased from 9160J/g to 11370J/g under the same test condition, and the combustion heat of the reaction is increased by 24%.
In addition, the formula composition does not contain elements such as sulfur, nitrogen and the like, the reaction product avoids the generation of nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide, and the problem of air pollution caused by industrial explosives is fundamentally solved.
The above detailed description is intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above detailed description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive is characterized by being prepared from a high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant, an active metal reducing agent, an aluminothermic high-explosive-heat additive and a binder.
2. The method for preparing the high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidizer-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive according to claim 1, wherein the high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidizer is one or more of perfluoropolyether, polyfluoro polyolefin and polyfluoro polyester.
3. The preparation method of the high molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high explosive heat industrial explosive according to claim 1, wherein the active metal reducing agent is one or more of aluminum powder, magnesium powder, zinc powder and titanium powder.
4. The method for preparing the high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidizer-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive is one or more of fluororubber, silicone rubber, phenolic resin and epoxy resin.
5. The preparation method of the high molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high explosive heat industrial explosive according to claim 1, wherein the aluminothermic high explosive heat additive is one or more of copper oxide, iron oxide, ferroferric oxide and manganese dioxide.
6. The preparation method of the high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30-75 parts of the high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant, 10-50 parts of the active metal reducing agent, 5-15 parts of the aluminothermic high-explosive-heat reactant and 0.5-5 parts of the binder.
7. The method for preparing the high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidizer-based thermite high-explosive-heat industrial explosive according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the active metal reducing agent is 10-75 μm.
8. The preparation method of the high molecular fluorine-rich oxidizer-based aluminothermic high explosive heat industrial explosive according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) premixing
If the active metal reducing agent is a mixture of a plurality of active metal reducing agents, the active metal reducing agents are mixed in a V-shaped mixer for 1 hour under the protection of inert atmosphere to obtain a mixture of active metal powder;
(2) granulating
Adding the binder into ethyl acetate, stirring until the binder is completely dissolved, dispersing the active metal reducing agent, the thermite high-explosive additive and the high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant into the solution, and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a binder-coated reducing agent dispersion liquid;
and extruding and granulating the obtained dispersion liquid through a granulator, and drying the obtained granules at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.
9. A high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidizer-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive, characterized by being obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN202211327663.5A CN115784818A (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Preparation method of high-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive |
| CN202110960445.4A CN113563142A (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | High-molecular fluorine-rich oxidant-based aluminothermic high-explosive-heat industrial explosive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN116023199A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-04-28 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | High-heat-explosion fluorine-rich explosive and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20211029 |