CN113461445A - Organic waste hydrothermal fertilizer making system and method - Google Patents
Organic waste hydrothermal fertilizer making system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113461445A CN113461445A CN202110738062.2A CN202110738062A CN113461445A CN 113461445 A CN113461445 A CN 113461445A CN 202110738062 A CN202110738062 A CN 202110738062A CN 113461445 A CN113461445 A CN 113461445A
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- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B13/00—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0014—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste air or from vapors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for preparing fertilizer by organic garbage hydrothermal, wherein the system comprises a hydraulic separation pulping unit, a hydrothermal reaction unit, a fertilizer preparation unit, a steam unit and a waste heat recovery unit; the hydraulic separation pulping unit is used for removing solid impurities in the organic garbage and processing the residual organic matters into slurry; the hydrothermal reaction unit is used for carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the organic slurry; the fertilizer preparation unit is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the solid-liquid mixture discharged by the hydrothermal reaction unit and preparing the separated solid into an organic fertilizer; the steam unit provides steam for the hydrothermal reaction unit and the fertilizer preparation unit; and the waste heat recovery unit is used for recovering and utilizing waste heat of hot liquid and waste steam generated in the system. The invention can process the organic garbage into the reusable organic fertilizer, realizes the reduction, the reclamation and the harmlessness of the organic garbage, and has lower total operation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection and renewable energy utilization, in particular to a system and a method for preparing fertilizer by organic garbage hydrothermal method.
Background
The organic garbage refers to the decomposable organic substance part in daily life garbage. The organic garbage comprises food residue, vegetable root, vegetable leaf, animal hoof, horn, melon peel, fruit bits, eggshell, fish scale, hair, plant branch, leaf, weed, animal body, livestock feces, etc. With the rapid development of economy and the continuous improvement of national living standard, the yield of organic garbage is gradually increased year by year, and the problem of environmental pollution is increasingly prominent.
Aiming at the treatment of organic garbage, the method mainly adopted at present is a biological method, namely, an organic fertilizer, methane and the like are produced in an aerobic composting or anaerobic fermentation mode. However, the biological method has disadvantages such as a long reaction period and complicated control of reaction conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for preparing fertilizer by organic garbage hydrothermal method.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a system for preparing fertilizer by organic garbage hydrothermal, which comprises a water power separation pulping unit, a hydrothermal reaction unit, a fertilizer preparation unit, a steam unit and a waste heat recovery unit;
the hydraulic separation pulping unit is used for removing solid impurities in the organic garbage and processing the residual organic matters into slurry;
the hydrothermal reaction unit is used for carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the organic slurry;
the fertilizer preparation unit is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the solid-liquid mixture discharged by the hydrothermal reaction unit and preparing the separated solid into an organic fertilizer;
the steam unit is used for providing steam for the hydrothermal reaction unit and the fertilizer preparation unit;
and the waste heat recovery unit is used for recovering and utilizing waste heat of hot liquid and waste steam generated in the system.
The system can process organic garbage into reusable organic fertilizer, changes waste into valuable, realizes reduction, reclamation and harmlessness of the organic garbage, has short reaction period and simple condition control by a hydrothermal method, is convenient to popularize and apply in different areas, and also comprises a waste heat recovery unit, so that waste heat in the system can be fully recovered and utilized, and energy is saved.
Preferably, the organic waste hydrothermal fertilizer making system provided by the invention is used for treating organic waste in cooperation with a household waste incineration power plant.
The invention can reduce energy consumption by cooperating with a household garbage incineration power plant, using low-grade steam as a heat source and recovering reaction waste heat; meanwhile, the waste water and waste gas generated in the hydrothermal method treatment process can be treated with the incineration power plant in a synergistic manner, so that the total operation cost is reduced.
Further, the steam adopted in the system of the invention is extracted from a steam turbine (steam turbine) of the household garbage incineration power plant.
The cooling water is from steam turbine condensed water of the household garbage incineration power plant or circulating water in a system.
Further, the hydraulic separation pulping unit mainly comprises hydraulic decomposition separation equipment and a desander, wherein:
the hydraulic decomposition and separation equipment is designed based on the hydraulic principle, is a closed tank body, is internally provided with a pulping rotor driven by a driving motor, is provided with a feed inlet at the top and is provided with a slag discharge outlet and a pulp outlet channel separated by a sieve plate at the bottom; the hydraulic decomposition separation equipment forms hydraulic vortex under the rotation action of the rotor, different organic components form homogeneous and fine organic mixed slurry under the action of relative motion friction force, vortex shearing force and the like, the relatively soft hydraulic action has small destructive effect on impurities such as plastics, metals, stones and the like, and the slurry and the impurities are effectively separated through the subsequent slurry pumping process. The desander is used for further removing impurities such as fine sand in the organic matter slurry, avoiding damaging subsequent equipment and simultaneously improving the quality of the organic fertilizer product.
The water content of the prepared organic matter slurry needs to be controlled to be more than 80%, and if the water content of the organic garbage is insufficient, the condensed sewage of the waste heat recovery unit can be recycled; the whole hydraulic separation pulping process is finished within 15-30 min.
The invention has the advantages that the hydro-decomposition pulping is carried out before the hydro-thermal reaction: 1) impurities are removed, the quality of the fertilizer is improved, and especially kitchen garbage which is not classified in place and has more impurities is sorted;
2) the material after pulping is uniform, the particles are small, the material is directly heated by matching with steam, the heating rate is high, the temperature is uniform, and the yield of target components such as humus in the fertilizer is improved; 3) the material is uniform and has small particles, the cooling rate is higher, and the wear to the dividing wall heat exchanger is also lower.
Furthermore, the hydrothermal reaction unit mainly comprises a hydrothermal reaction kettle, a dividing wall type heat exchanger is arranged in the hydrothermal reaction kettle, steam is directly introduced into the hydrothermal reaction kettle to heat the organic matter slurry, and after the reaction is finished, cooling water is introduced into the dividing wall type heat exchanger to indirectly cool the reaction product.
The hydrothermal reaction kettle is a sequencing batch reactor, and organic matter slurry enters the reaction kettle and is directly heated by introducing high-temperature high-pressure steam. The temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 190-210 ℃, and the time is 50-70 min. And a small amount of non-condensable gas generated by the hydrothermal reaction unit is sent to primary air of an incinerator of the household garbage incineration power plant, and a generated solid-liquid mixture enters the fertilizer making unit.
Further, fertile unit of system mainly includes centrifuge, steam drying machine, granulator, baling press etc. wherein:
separating a solid-liquid mixture generated by the hydrothermal unit by using a centrifugal machine to obtain a solid product with the water content of 60-80% and residual hot liquid; the solid product enters a steam drier to be dried until the water content is less than 30%, then enters a granulator to be prepared into particles, and is bagged by a bagging machine to form an organic fertilizer finished product; the residual hydrothermal solution enters a waste heat recovery unit, and enters a water treatment system of a waste incineration power plant after the waste heat is recovered, so that the deep processing can be continued conditionally.
Further, the steam unit mainly comprises two steam pipelines and a water spraying temperature reducing device, a steam distributor and the like attached to the two steam pipelines, wherein:
one steam pipeline is used for supplying steam to the hydrothermal reaction kettle in the hydrothermal reaction unit, wherein the steam supply parameter of the steam pipeline is 1.5-2.2 Mpa and 200-215 ℃; the path of steam is directly mixed with the organic matter slurry;
and the other steam pipeline is used for supplying steam with parameters of 0.5-0.8 MPa and 150-170 ℃ to drying equipment (a steam drier) in the fertilizer preparation unit, the steam entering the steam drier and a solid product to be dried carry out indirect heat exchange, and the steam condensate water removes an oxygen remover. When the system of the present invention further comprises an oil extraction unit, the steam is also supplied to the oil extraction unit.
Further, the waste heat recovery unit mainly comprises a hydrothermal reaction unit waste heat recovery device, a fertilizer making unit exhaust steam waste heat recovery device and a fertilizer making unit hydrothermal solution waste heat recovery device, wherein:
after the hydrothermal reaction is finished, cooling water is introduced, the cooling water effluent enters a hydrothermal reaction unit waste heat recovery device, and the recovered heat can be used for preheating organic matter slurry generated by a hydraulic decomposition pulping system;
the main component of the exhaust steam of the fertilizer making unit is water vapor evaporated by air carrier gas and solid products, the exhaust steam indirectly exchanges heat, the condensed sewage part is used for pulping in the hydraulic separation pulping unit, and the rest enters a water treatment system; the non-condensable gas is sent to an incinerator primary air of a household garbage incineration power plant; and the fertilizer preparation unit exchanges heat with hot liquid and then enters a water treatment system or is deeply processed to prepare liquid fertilizer.
Furthermore, when the oil content of the treated organic waste is high and has an extraction value (generally referred to as kitchen waste), the system further comprises an oil extraction unit, wherein the oil extraction unit is arranged between the hydraulic separation pulping unit and the hydrothermal reaction unit, namely, organic slurry from the hydraulic separation pulping unit firstly enters the oil extraction unit and then enters the hydrothermal reaction unit after oil extraction treatment.
The oil extraction unit mainly comprises a cooking pot and a three-phase centrifuge, wherein:
heating the organic matter slurry in the cooking tank to 80-90 ℃ by using steam, and staying for 15-30 min to ensure that the grease enters a liquid phase as far as possible, so as to facilitate subsequent centrifugal oil extraction;
the three-phase centrifuge divides the boiled organic slurry into an oil phase, a solid phase and a liquid phase, and the oil phase can be directly used as a crude product; and mixing the rest solid phase and liquid phase, and then feeding the mixture into a hydrothermal reaction unit.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the fertilizer by the organic garbage through hydrothermal treatment, which comprises the step of carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the organic garbage after organic matter slurry is obtained through pretreatment, wherein the hydrothermal reaction is directly heated by adopting steam, and the steam is extracted from a steam turbine. The method can be operated by adopting the system.
Further, the parameters of the steam are 1.5-2.2 Mpa and 200-215 ℃.
Further, the method also comprises the step of separating a solid-liquid mixture obtained by the hydrothermal reaction treatment, and preparing an organic fertilizer from a separated solid product. Further preferably, the solid-liquid mixture is separated to obtain a solid product with the water content of 60-80% and residual hot liquid, and then the solid product is dried until the water content is less than 30% and then is granulated.
The invention provides a system and a method for preparing fertilizer by organic garbage hydrothermal, which can treat organic garbage into reusable organic fertilizer, change waste into valuable, and realize reduction, reclamation and harmlessness of organic garbage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a system for organic waste hydrothermal fertilizer production provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hydrothermal reaction tank in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a system for preparing fertilizer by organic waste with water and heat, which is used for treating organic waste (kitchen waste in the embodiment) in cooperation with a household waste incineration power plant, and the schematic diagram of the system is shown in fig. 1, and the system comprises a water power separation pulping unit, an oil extraction unit, a water-heat reaction unit, a fertilizer preparation unit, a steam unit and a waste heat recovery unit;
the hydraulic separation pulping unit comprises hydraulic decomposition and separation equipment and a desander, organic garbage directly enters the hydraulic decomposition and separation equipment without being sorted, light and heavy impurities such as plastics, masonry, muck and the like are separated out under the action of water flow, residual organic matters are changed into slurry, the slurry enters the desander to further remove impurities such as fine sand and the like, and the obtained organic matter slurry enters the oil extraction unit; the water content of the obtained organic matter slurry is more than 80%, and the whole hydraulic separation pulping process is completed within 15-30 min;
the oil extraction unit comprises a cooking tank and a three-phase centrifuge, wherein the steam provided by the steam unit is used for heating the organic matter slurry in the cooking tank to 80-90 ℃ and staying for 15-30 min to enable the grease to enter a liquid phase as far as possible, the three-phase centrifuge is used for dividing the cooked organic matter slurry into an oil phase, a solid phase and a liquid phase, the oil phase can be directly used as a crude product, and the rest solid phase and the liquid phase are mixed and then enter the hydrothermal reaction unit;
the hydrothermal reaction unit comprises a hydrothermal reaction kettle, as shown in fig. 2, the hydrothermal reaction kettle is a sequencing batch reactor, organic matter slurry enters the hydrothermal reaction kettle and is then directly heated by introducing high-temperature high-pressure steam, the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 190-210 ℃, and the time is 50-70 min; a dividing wall type heat exchanger is arranged in the hydrothermal reaction kettle, after the hydrothermal reaction is finished, cooling water is introduced into the dividing wall type heat exchanger to indirectly cool reaction products, the outlet water of the cooling water enters a waste heat recovery unit, the recovered heat can be used for preheating organic matter slurry, a small amount of non-condensable gas generated by the hydrothermal reaction is sent to primary air of an incinerator of a household garbage incineration power plant, and a generated solid-liquid mixture enters a fertilizer making unit;
the fertilizer preparation unit comprises a centrifuge, a steam drier, a granulator and a packer, wherein the centrifuge separates a solid-liquid mixture generated by the hydrothermal unit to obtain a solid product with the water content of 60-80% and residual hot liquid; the solid product enters a steam drier to be dried until the water content is less than 30%, then enters a granulator to be prepared into particles, and is bagged by a bagging machine to form an organic fertilizer finished product; the residual hot liquid enters a waste heat recovery unit, and enters a water treatment system of a waste incineration power plant or is deeply processed after the waste heat is recovered; the fertilizer making unit can also generate certain exhaust steam, the main components of the exhaust steam are steam evaporated by air carrier gas and solid products, after the exhaust steam enters the waste heat recovery unit to recover heat, the obtained condensed sewage part is used for the hydraulic separation pulping unit to prepare pulp, the rest enters the water treatment system, and non-condensable gas is sent to primary air of an incinerator of a household garbage incineration power plant;
the steam unit comprises two steam pipelines, wherein one steam pipeline supplies steam with the steam parameters of 1.5-2.2 Mpa and the temperature of 200-215 ℃ to a hydrothermal reaction kettle in the hydrothermal reaction unit, and the steam is directly mixed with the organic matter slurry; and the other steam pipeline has steam supply parameters of 0.5-0.8 MPa and 150-170 ℃, is used for a cooking pot of the oil extraction unit and a steam drier in the fertilizer preparation unit, the steam entering the cooking pot is mixed with the organic matter slurry, the steam entering the steam drier carries out indirect heat exchange with a solid product to be dried, and the steam condensate water removes an oxygen remover. The steam of the steam unit is extracted from the steam turbine. The cooling water comes from the steam turbine condensed water and enters the deaerator after the waste heat is recovered.
By adopting the system of the embodiment, the organic garbage can be processed into the reusable organic fertilizer, waste is changed into valuable, and reduction, resource utilization and harmlessness of the organic garbage are realized, wherein a hydrothermal method can be completed within 1 day from feeding to generation of finished fertilizer, and the processing time is far shorter than that of a biological method (generally more than 20 days); the humic substances in the obtained fertilizer occupy about 30-40% of the specific gravity of the organic substances, and the humification rate (humic acid/fulvic acid) can reach above 0.9, which indicates that the produced organic fertilizer is safe and effective; only the temperature and the pressure need to be controlled, the operation is simple, the problem of sensitivity of microorganisms to the environment is avoided, and the popularization and the application in different areas are facilitated; by cooperating with a household garbage incineration power plant, low-grade steam is used as a heat source to produce high-quality organic fertilizer, and the benefit of the power plant can be improved under the large trend that the power supply price compensation on the upper power grid is reduced or cancelled; reaction waste heat is used for preheating organic matter slurry and steam turbine condensed water, the waste heat recovery rate is more than 80%, and the energy consumption of a system is effectively reduced; meanwhile, the waste water and waste gas generated in the hydrothermal method treatment process can be treated with the incineration power plant in a synergistic manner, a treatment facility does not need to be independently constructed, and the total construction investment and the operation cost can be reduced.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a system for preparing fertilizer by organic garbage hydrothermal, which is the same as embodiment 1, and is different in that steam supply parameters of a steam pipeline of a hydrothermal reaction kettle in a steam unit are 0.8-1.5 Mpa and 170-190 ℃. The obtained fertilizer has humic substance content of 25-30% and humification rate (humic acid/fulvic acid) of 0.6-0.8, and is inferior to the fertilizer obtained in example 1.
Comparative example
The comparative example provides a system for preparing fertilizer by organic garbage hydrothermal, which is different from the system in example 1 in that a hydraulic separation pulping unit is not included, and the organic garbage is directly added with water to carry out hydrothermal reaction (oil extraction is carried out first when oil extraction is needed) and subsequent operation.
The content of impurities such as sand, stone, plastics and the like in the obtained fertilizer is high, and the built-in dividing wall type heat exchanger and drying and granulating equipment in the hydrothermal reaction kettle are worn obviously; the fertilizer is not uniform and has poor appearance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for preparing fertilizer by organic garbage hydrothermal is characterized by comprising a hydraulic separation pulping unit, a hydrothermal reaction unit, a fertilizer preparation unit, a steam unit and a waste heat recovery unit;
the hydraulic separation pulping unit is used for removing solid impurities in the organic garbage and processing the residual organic matters into slurry;
the hydrothermal reaction unit is used for carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the organic slurry;
the fertilizer preparation unit is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the solid-liquid mixture discharged by the hydrothermal reaction unit and preparing the separated solid into an organic fertilizer;
the steam unit is used for providing steam for the hydrothermal reaction unit and the fertilizer preparation unit;
and the waste heat recovery unit is used for recovering and utilizing waste heat of hot liquid and waste steam generated in the system.
2. The organic waste hydrothermal fertilizer making system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal reaction unit comprises a hydrothermal reaction kettle, a dividing wall type heat exchanger is arranged in the hydrothermal reaction kettle, steam is directly introduced into the hydrothermal reaction kettle to heat the organic matter slurry, and after the reaction is finished, cooling water is introduced into the dividing wall type heat exchanger to indirectly cool the reaction product.
3. The system for organic waste hydrothermal fertilizer production according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the system for organic waste hydrothermal fertilizer production is used for co-processing organic waste with a domestic waste incineration power plant.
4. The system for the hydrothermal fertilizer production from organic waste according to claim 3, wherein the steam is extracted from a steam turbine of the municipal solid waste incineration plant;
and/or the cooling water comes from steam turbine condensed water of the household garbage incineration power plant.
5. The system for the hydrothermal fertilizer production of organic waste according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the non-condensable gas generated by the hydrothermal reaction unit and the waste heat recovery unit is sent to the primary air of the incinerator of the household garbage incineration power plant.
6. The organic waste hydrothermal fertilizer preparation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the steam unit comprises two steam pipelines, wherein steam supply parameters of one steam pipeline are 1.5 to 2.2MPa and 200 to 215 ℃, and the steam is supplied to a hydrothermal reaction kettle in the hydrothermal reaction unit;
and the other steam pipeline is used for supplying steam to drying equipment in the fertilizer preparation unit, wherein the steam supply parameters are 0.5-0.8 MPa and 150-170 ℃.
7. The system for preparing fertilizer from organic garbage through hydrothermal method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the system further comprises an oil extraction unit, and the oil extraction unit is arranged between the hydraulic separation pulping unit and the hydrothermal reaction unit.
8. The method for preparing the fertilizer by the organic garbage through hydrothermal is characterized by comprising the step of carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the organic garbage after the organic garbage is pretreated to obtain organic slurry, wherein the hydrothermal reaction is directly heated by adopting steam, and the steam is extracted from a steam turbine.
9. The method for preparing the fertilizer by the organic garbage hydrothermal method according to claim 8, wherein the steam has parameters of 1.5-2.2 MPa and 200-215 ℃.
10. The method for preparing fertilizer from organic garbage through hydrothermal method according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising separating the solid-liquid mixture obtained through the hydrothermal reaction treatment, and preparing the separated solid product into organic fertilizer;
preferably, the solid-liquid mixture is separated to obtain a solid product with the water content of 60-80% and residual hot liquid, and then the solid product is dried until the water content is less than 30% and then is granulated.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115007619A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-09-06 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System for treating urban kitchen waste by steam of steam turbine |
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