CN113459454B - Reinforced foamed floor, extrusion die and equipment set for preparing same - Google Patents
Reinforced foamed floor, extrusion die and equipment set for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN113459454B CN113459454B CN202110641663.1A CN202110641663A CN113459454B CN 113459454 B CN113459454 B CN 113459454B CN 202110641663 A CN202110641663 A CN 202110641663A CN 113459454 B CN113459454 B CN 113459454B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0012—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. foaming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/025—General arrangement or layout of plant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
- B29C48/156—Coating two or more articles simultaneously
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
- B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
- B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
- E04F15/102—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of fibrous or chipped materials, e.g. bonded with synthetic resins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0221—Vinyl resin
- B32B2266/0235—Vinyl halide, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a reinforced foamed floor, an extrusion die and an equipment set for preparing the same, and belongs to the technical field of co-extruded foamed boards. The reinforced foam floor comprises a foam core body and a reinforcing piece, wherein the reinforcing piece is supported and arranged in or on the surface of the foam core body, and the number of hollow holes in the section of the foam core body is less; a plurality of separation flow channels which are in accordance with the flow direction of the core material are arranged in the core material flow channel of the extrusion die at intervals; the equipment set comprises an extrusion die, a core material extrusion device, a reinforcing piece material conveying device, a limiting material extrusion device, a cooling and shaping device, a traction device and the like, and the prepared reinforced foamed floor has the advantages of high mechanical strength, good stability and low defective rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of co-extrusion foaming boards, in particular to a reinforced foaming floor, and an extrusion die and an equipment set for preparing the same.
Background
The existing composite floor is mainly formed by compounding boards made of materials such as density boards and wood boards and functional layers such as wear-resistant layers, has higher density and larger weight per unit volume, brings inconvenience to the transportation of the composite floor and has higher transportation cost.
Therefore, the technical scheme that the composite floor is prepared by adopting the foaming PVC material to replace at least part of the density boards and the wood boards is adopted, for example, the weather-resistant PVC floor disclosed by the Chinese utility model patent with the publication number of CN 209603434U comprises a wear-resistant layer, a stabilizing layer, a foaming layer and a drainage layer which are arranged from top to bottom, the connection between the layers is realized by coating and bonding, wherein the foaming layer adopts the foaming PVC material, the density of the composite floor is reduced, and the transportation is convenient.
However, when the foamed PVC material is used as the main core material of the composite floor, the flexural modulus of elasticity of the composite floor is often insufficient, that is, the composite floor is easily deformed under the pressure of treading, which gives unstable and unsafe use experience to customers and makes it difficult to ensure the service life.
In order to overcome the defect of low flexural modulus, the laying density of the ground keel is increased to form enough support for the composite floor, but extra space is needed for laying the ground keel, and the cost of the ground keel material and the laying cost greatly reduce the market competitiveness of the PVC foam floor.
Therefore, in order to increase the elastic modulus of the composite floor, a glass fiber reinforced layer is arranged in a core layer material of the composite floor, in the prior art, the glass fiber is arranged in a stable layer of the composite floor to play a role of reinforcing and supporting, and as the Chinese patent with application publication No. CN 105003060A, a continuous glass fiber reinforced composite floor and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, wherein the glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic prepreg tape is used for reinforcing the outermost layer of the composite floor.
So far, the mechanical strength problem of PVC foaming class laminate flooring has obtained to a great extent and has been solved, however, there is still the bottleneck in the promotion of PVC foaming class laminate flooring self intensity to even increased the glass fiber reinforcement layer, the intensity of PVC foaming class laminate flooring product also is difficult to stable maintenance, can produce the incomplete product that intensity is not enough often, causes manufacturing cost's improvement.
Such a problem is particularly prominent in the field of outdoor floor boards, and because outdoor floor boards often reach higher temperature under the exposure of burning sun, the flexural modulus of elasticity of the PVC foam material at high temperature can be rapidly attenuated, so that the requirement for the strength of the PVC foam composite floor boards in the field of outdoor floor boards can be further improved, and the existing PVC foam floor boards are difficult to meet the use requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the application aims at improving the mechanical strength and stability of a foaming composite floor product, development and research are carried out, the reinforced foaming floor, the extrusion die and the equipment set for preparing the reinforced foaming floor are provided, and the prepared reinforced foaming floor has the advantages of high mechanical strength, good stability and low defective rate.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows:
the reinforced foam floor comprises a foam core body and a reinforcing piece, wherein the reinforcing piece is supported and arranged in or on the surface of the foam core body, and the number of the hollow holes in any section of the foam core body is less than 12/square decimeter;
the maximum distance between any two points on the edge of the empty hole is larger than 0.5 mm.
Preferably, the foam core is made of a PVC foam material.
Preferably, in the above-described aspect, the material of which the reinforcement is made is a glass fiber-impregnated material.
In the above aspect, the reinforcement is preferably made of a glass fiber-impregnated polymer, and more preferably a glass fiber-impregnated tape made of a glass fiber-impregnated ABS engineering plastic.
Preferably, the number of the reinforcing members is two, and the reinforcing members are respectively provided on two opposite surfaces of the foamed core.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, a protective layer is provided on at least one surface of the reinforced foamed floor.
Preferably, in the above-described aspect, the foam core is provided with a cylindrical stopper portion that covers the outside of the foam core.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the number of the voids in any cross section of the foam core is less than 9/square decimeter, and the maximum distance between any two points on the edge of the voids is greater than 0.5 mm.
Extrusion tooling for preparing above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme reinforcing foam floor, include to link up extrusion tooling's core material runner and set up in the reinforcement runner of core material runner lateral part, the reinforcement material by the reinforcement extrusion mouth of reinforcement runner is extruded, the spaced separation runner that is provided with a plurality of in the core material runner and complies with core material flow direction, core material follow a plurality of extrude in the core material extrusion mouth of separation runner, and a plurality of core material extrusion mouth looks parallel and level sets up.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the number of the reinforcing member flow channels is two, and the reinforcing member flow channels are respectively disposed on two opposite outer sides of the core material flow channel.
Preferably, the material extrusion device further comprises a limiting material flow channel, wherein the limiting material flow channel comprises a limiting material extrusion section, the inner side wall of the limiting material extrusion section forms a cylindrical limiting cavity, and the outer side wall of the limiting material extrusion section covers the inner side wall of the limiting material extrusion section to form a limiting material extrusion flow channel;
the profile of the outer side wall of the limiting material extrusion section is matched with the shape of the extrusion profile of the reinforced foaming floor;
the core material extrusion openings and the reinforcing piece extrusion openings are arranged in the limiting cavity.
Preferably, the cross-sectional shapes of the outer side wall profile and the inner side wall profile of the limiting material extrusion section are rounded rectangles.
Preferably, the two reinforcing part extrusion ports are respectively arranged on two inner side walls opposite to each other in the limiting cavity, and the reinforcing part extrusion ports are adjacent to the inner side walls of the limiting cavity.
Preferably, the core material extrusion die further comprises a plurality of exhaust channels, inlets of the exhaust channels are arranged at the joint of two adjacent core material extrusion ports, and outlets of the exhaust channels are arranged at the communication position of the extrusion die and the ambient atmosphere.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the partition flow channel includes a guide extrusion section in which the flow channel gradually expands in the extrusion direction of the core material, and an end point of the expansion of the guide extrusion section is the core material extrusion port.
Preferably, the guide extrusion section is a cylindrical channel formed by connecting four guide surfaces and then surrounding the four guide surfaces;
one side of the guide surface, which is positioned at the core material extrusion port, is a core material extrusion side, and the core material extrusion sides of two adjacent core material extrusion ports are collinear.
Preferably, the extrusion die further comprises a plurality of exhaust channels, inlets of the exhaust channels are arranged at collinear positions of the core material extrusion sides of two adjacent core material extrusion ports, and outlets of the exhaust channels are arranged at a communication position of the extrusion die and the ambient atmosphere.
The equipment group comprises the extrusion die of any one of the above technical schemes, and further comprises:
the core material extruding device is used for extruding the core material into a core material flow passage of the extruding die;
a reinforcement material delivery device for delivering reinforcement material into a reinforcement runner of the extrusion die;
the limiting material extruding device is used for extruding the material of the limiting part into a limiting material flow channel of the extruding die;
a cooling and shaping device for cooling and shaping the reinforced foamed flooring material extruded from the extrusion die;
and the traction device is used for drawing the reinforced foaming floor material cooled by the cooling and shaping device.
Preferably, the equipment set further comprises a protective layer material extruding device, and the protective layer material extruding device is used for extruding the protective layer material into the extruding die.
Preferably, the number of the reinforcing member material conveying devices is two.
In summary, the embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects:
the reinforced foamed floor provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages that the foaming is uniform, the formation of large-aperture holes is effectively limited, so that a uniform foaming structure is formed, and the large-aperture holes are the bottleneck that the mechanical strength of the foamed floor cannot be further improved;
in addition, the finished product of the reinforced foamed floor product is stable in performance, the defective rate is greatly reduced, and the material cost and the time cost of production are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a reinforced foamed floor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side sectional view of an extrusion die according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an extrusion port of an extrusion die according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an extrusion port configuration of an extrusion die according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of area E of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus set according to an embodiment of the present application.
In the figure:
a-a foaming core body, a B-reinforcing piece, a C-protective layer and a D-limiting part;
1-extrusion die, 1-1-core material flow channel, 1-1.1-core material extrusion port, 1-1.2-guide extrusion section, 1-1.21-guide surface, 1-2-reinforcing piece flow channel, 1-2.1-reinforcing piece extrusion port, 1-3-limiting material flow channel, 1-3.1-limiting material extrusion section and 1-4-exhaust channel;
2-core material extrusion device, 3-reinforcing part material conveying device, 4-limiting material extrusion device, 5-cooling shaping device, 6-traction device and 7-protective layer material extrusion device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the prior art, the core material is often a whole continuous flowing space, the volume of the space is relatively large, the core material starts to foam in a flow channel, the foaming process in the flow channel is difficult to control, the core material in the middle part of the flow channel is particularly difficult to foam, and the foaming is uneven;
the core material in the core material channel can generate an internal cavity or generate turbulence during flowing due to the fluctuation of the feeding amount of the extruder, so that the foaming is not uniform;
this prior art references the following comparative examples;
the uneven foaming tends to generate the aforementioned voids more easily, and the present inventors have found that the larger the number of the voids, the more remarkable the strength reduction of the corresponding flooring, and the higher the possibility of occurrence of defective products.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and comparative examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1：
With reference to figure 1 of the drawings,reinforced foamed floorThe floor comprises a main body, a plurality of reinforcing pieces B, a plurality of tubular limiting parts D and a protective layer C, wherein the main body is a foaming core body A made of PVC foaming materials, the upper surface and the lower surface of the foaming core body A are respectively provided with the two reinforcing pieces B, the periphery of the foaming core body A is coated with the tubular limiting parts D, and the upper surface of the floor is provided with the protective layer C;
in this embodiment, the reinforcing member B is a glass fiber impregnated tape formed by impregnating glass fiber with ABS engineering plastic, the protective layer C is a laminate formed by ASA plastic material, and the position-limiting portion D is formed by PVC material;
in the reinforced foamed floor board described in this embodiment, the vertical section of the foamed core a is controlled by the mold to be a rectangle with a length of 140mm and a width of 24mm, the area of the rectangle is 0.336 square decimeter, and on the plurality of vertical sections, the number of the holes with the maximum distance between any two points being greater than 0.5mm is at most 4, wherein on the most vertical sections, the number of the holes is 1 or 0.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, for preparing the reinforced foamed flooringExtrusion dieThe floor structure is formed by butting a plurality of mould plates, a core material flow passage 1-1, a reinforcing piece flow passage 1-2 arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the core material flow passage 1-1 and a limiting material flow passage 1-3 are arranged in the mould plates in a run-through manner, the core material flow passage 1-1, the reinforcing piece flow passage 1-2 and the limiting material flow passage 1-3 are independent of each other, namely, the core material flow passage, the reinforcing piece flow passage and the limiting material flow passage are not communicated with each other in the mould, and discharge ports of the flow passages are converged to a relatively small area on a discharge plate of the extrusion mould and discharge in a manner of forming a floor structure prototype;
the core body material flow passage 1-1 is internally provided with a hollow core rod, a plurality of separation flow passages are arranged in the core rod side by side, and the cross section of each separation flow passage is approximately rectangular;
the core material is extruded from a plurality of core material extrusion ports 1-1.1 for separating the flow channels, the glass fiber impregnated tape is extruded from a flat reinforcing piece extrusion port 1-2.1 on the reinforcing piece flow channel 1-2, the PVC material is extruded from a limiting material extrusion section 1-3.1 of a limiting material flow channel 1-3, and outlets of the core material extrusion ports 1-1.1, the reinforcing piece extrusion ports 1-2.1 and the limiting material extrusion section 1-3.1 are parallel and level;
on the discharge ports of the plurality of runners, the inner walls of the limiting material extrusion sections 1-3.1 form a cylindrical limiting cavity with a round-corner rectangular cross section, the outer side walls of the limiting material extrusion sections 1-3.1 wrap the limiting cavity to form annular limiting material partial extrusion runners, and the plurality of core material extrusion ports 1-1.1 and the two reinforcing part extrusion ports 1-2.1 are limited in the limiting cavity;
specifically, two reinforcing part extrusion openings 1-2.1 are respectively arranged at two opposite inner side walls in the limiting cavity, the reinforcing part extrusion openings 1-2.1 are arranged adjacent to the inner side walls of the limiting cavity, and extruded limiting material PVC can limit the core material in the limiting cavity and prevent the core material from excessive foaming and expansion;
the joint of the two adjacent core material extrusion openings 1-1.1 is provided with an inlet of an exhaust passage 1-4, and an outlet of the exhaust passage 1-4 is arranged at the side part of the extrusion die and communicated with the ambient atmosphere.
In the actual product quality inspection standard, the number of the holes on the vertical section of the floor is required to be less than 4, and the reinforced foamed floor prepared by the mold in the embodiment can meet the requirements of floor products with common specifications.
Referring to FIG. 6, for preparing the reinforced foamed flooringEquipment groupThe extrusion die 1 further comprises:
the core material extruding device 2 is used for extruding the core material into a core material flow passage 1-1 of the extruding mould 1; two reinforcing member material conveying devices 3 for conveying the glass fiber impregnated tape into the reinforcing member flow passage 1-2 of the extrusion die 1; the limiting material extruding device 4 is used for extruding the PVC material into the limiting material flow channel 1-3 of the extruding mould 1; a cooling and shaping device 5 for cooling and shaping the reinforcing foamed floor material preform extruded from the extrusion die 1; the traction device 6 and the cutting device are used for drawing the reinforced foaming floor material cooled by the cooling and shaping device 5 and cutting the reinforced foaming floor material;
specifically, the core material extrusion device 2 and the limiting material extrusion device 4 are both PVC foam material extruders; the reinforcing part material conveying device 3 is a coiled glass fiber impregnated material coil which is coiled, and the coil is input into the extrusion die 1 by the power provided by the traction device 6;
the cooling and shaping device 5 comprises a shaping die for extruding the material from the extrusion die 1 besides cooling, and the shaping die limits the extruded material to prevent the extruded material from being deformed due to excessive expansion after foaming;
the traction device 6, the cutting device and the traction and cutting integrated device are all common devices in the field and are not repeated here.
Example 2:
with reference to figure 1 of the drawings,reinforced foamed floorThe technical features are basically the same as those of embodiment 1, and for comparison, the exterior specification of the floor of this embodiment is the same as that of the floor described in embodiment 1, except that: in the reinforced foamed floor described in this embodiment, on a plurality of vertical cross sections, the number of the holes whose maximum distance between any two points is greater than 0.5mm is at most 3, wherein on most vertical cross sections, the number of the holes is 1 or 0.
Referring to FIGS. 2 to 5, for preparing the reinforced foamed floorExtrusion dieThe technical features are basically the same as those of embodiment 1, except that:
the separation flow channel comprises a guide extrusion section 1-1.2 with a gradually expanded flow channel in the extrusion direction of the core material, the end point of the expansion of the guide extrusion section 1-1.2 is the core material extrusion port 1-1.1, and the guide extrusion section 1-1.2 is surrounded by four guide surfaces 1-1.21 with the same shape to form a cylindrical channel after being connected;
one side of each guide surface 1-1.21, which is positioned at the core material extrusion opening 1-1.1, is a core material extrusion side, and the core material extrusion sides of two adjacent core material extrusion openings 1-1.1 are collinear.
The inlets of the exhaust passages 1 to 4 are disposed at the same line of the core material extruding sides of the adjacent two core material extruding outlets 1 to 1.1.
Referring to FIG. 6, for preparing the reinforced foamed flooringEquipment groupThe technical features are basically the same as those of example 1, except that the extrusion die 1 of this example is used.
Comparative example:
with reference to figure 1 of the drawings,reinforced foamed floorThe technical features are basically the same as those of embodiment 1, and for comparison, the exterior specification of the floor of this embodiment is the same as that of the floor described in embodiment 1, except that: in the reinforced foamed floor of the embodiment, a plurality of vertical directionsOn the cross section, the maximum distance between any two points is larger than 0.5mm, the number of the holes can reach 8 at most, and the number of the holes is distributed in 4-6 at most.
Referring to FIG. 2, for preparing a comparative example reinforced foamed flooringExtrusion dieThe technical features are basically the same as those of embodiment 1, except that:
the core material flow channel 1-1 is a complete continuous flow channel without a hollow core rod and a plurality of side-by-side separation flow channels.
Referring to FIG. 6, for preparing the reinforced foamed flooringEquipment groupThe technical features are basically the same as those of example 1, except that the extrusion die 1 of this example is used.
For comparison, the same structure and material are adopted to manufacture the floor in the example 1, the example 2 and the comparative example, and the difference is that the structure of the extrusion die 1 is different, so that the distribution of the hollow holes in the foam core A is different, however:
as is well known to those skilled in the art, the foamed material of the floor is not limited to PVC material, but may be PS (polystyrene) foamed material, or may be PE (polyethylene) foamed material, etc., and those skilled in the art can easily make a selection;
similarly, the reinforcing member B may also be a glass fiber impregnated tape formed by impregnating PP or PE material with glass fiber, and when the reinforcing member B is a glass fiber impregnated tape formed by impregnating PP or PE material with glass fiber, the surface of the glass fiber impregnated tape is coated with PS (polystyrene) when being co-extruded with the PVC foam material, so as to make the glass fiber impregnated tape and the PVC foam material better combined;
similarly, the equipment set may further include a protective layer material extruding device 7, in which a protective layer material extruding passage needs to be arranged in the extruding die 1, and the protective layer material extruding device 7 is usually an ASA plastic material extruder;
therefore, the above embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
The properties of the reinforced foamed flooring described in example 1, example 2 and comparative example are compared as follows:
TABLE floor Performance test parameters for example 1, example 2 and comparative example
The floor of example 1 was significantly improved in strength parameters relative to the comparative example, and the defective percentage was reduced from 30. + -.2% to 8. + -.1%, while the floor of example 2 was also improved in strength parameters relative to example 1, and the defective percentage was further reduced from 8. + -.1% to 6. + -.1%.
Example 1 comparison with comparative exampleThe difference in the floor preparation process is that: example 1 employed a core material flow channel 1-1 having a plurality of partition flow channels, whereas comparative examples did not separate the core material flow channel;
it should be noted that, in the extrusion die 1 described in the above embodiments and comparative examples, the core material does not foam or only foams a small amount in the core material flow passage 1-1, when materials of each part are extruded from the outlet, a compact structure is not formed between the materials, a shaping die needs to be connected to a cooling device at the extrusion end of the extrusion die 1, the core material is foamed immediately after extrusion, so that the foamed core a, the reinforcing member B and the limiting portion D are combined in the shaping die, and the shape of the shaping die is designed according to the specification of the floor;
in the embodiment 1, the core material is conveyed in the plurality of separated flow channels, and when the core material is extruded, a gap exists between adjacent core material extrusion ports 1-1.1, and the gap provides a foaming space for the extruded core material, so that the core material is foamed more uniformly;
meanwhile, the plurality of separating runners avoid the occurrence of an internal cavity or turbulence in the flowing process due to the fluctuation of the feeding amount of the extruder in the larger whole core material runner 1-1, so that the core material can be extruded more uniformly;
furthermore, the caliber of the separation flow channel is relatively small, so that the foaming reaction of the core material in the core material flow channel 1-1 can be effectively inhibited, the core material is discharged from the core material extrusion opening 1-1.1 and then foamed as much as possible, and therefore greater pressure is provided for the combination of materials of all parts of the floor, and under the pressure, the air originally existing in the interval between the adjacent core material extrusion openings 1-1.1 can be discharged through the exhaust channel 1-4, so that the formation of bubbles and air holes is reduced as much as possible.
In the comparative example, the core material flow passage 1-1 is not divided, which may cause difficulty in foaming the core material in the middle portion of the core material flow passage 1-1, and the core material may have an internal cavity or turbulence during the flow in the core material flow passage 1-1 due to fluctuation of the feeding amount of the extruder, so that the foaming is not uniform, and the aforementioned voids may be more easily generated, and the inventors of the present application found that the greater the number of voids, the more the strength of the corresponding floor is reduced, the higher the possibility of occurrence of defective products is.
Example 2 comparison with example 1The difference in the floor preparation process is that: in the extrusion die 1 used in example 2, the partition flow channel includes the guide extrusion sections 1 to 1.2 in which the flow channel gradually expands in the extrusion direction of the core material, the guide extrusion sections 1 to 1.2 are formed by the guide surfaces 1 to 1.21, one side of each guide surface 1 to 1.21 located at the core material extrusion port 1 to 1.1 is the core material extrusion side, and the core material extrusion sides of two adjacent core material extrusion ports 1 to 1.1 are collinear.
In example 1, since there is a gap between adjacent core material extrusion ports 1-1.1, during the process of extruding, foaming and pressing the core material, some bubbles in the gap are easily trapped and cannot be discharged, and after the floor is formed, the number of voids increases, the strength of the floor cannot be further improved, and there is still a considerable probability of defective products.
In example 2, the extrusion sections 1-1.2 are directed so that the core material has a gradually changing (gradually increasing) extrusion space during extrusion, which, in addition to the "spacing" effect described in example 1, provides a buffer for the foaming process of the core material, and the foaming of the core material becomes more uniform in the gradually increasing extrusion space;
further, arranging guide surfaces 1-1.21, and enabling the core material extrusion sides of two adjacent core material extrusion openings 1-1.1 to be collinear;
when the core material is extruded, the guide surfaces 1-1.21 play a role in guiding, the core material is extruded along the guide surfaces 1-1.21 and simultaneously foamed, in each divided flow channel, the end point of the extrusion at the edge of the core material is the core material extrusion side, and when the core material extrusion sides of two adjacent core material extrusion ports 1-1.1 are collinear, the core materials extruded in the two adjacent core material extrusion ports 1-1.1 do not have the gap convergence at the collinear position, so that the problem in the embodiment 1 is solved to a great extent;
excessive gas may be generated during foaming, and therefore, the inlets of the exhaust passages 1 to 4 are arranged at the same line of the core material extruding sides of the adjacent two core material extruding openings 1 to 1.1, so that the gas can be exhausted.
The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. The extrusion die is used for preparing the reinforced foaming floor and comprises a core material flow passage (1-1) which runs through the extrusion die and a reinforcing piece flow passage (1-2) which is arranged at the side part of the core material flow passage (1-1), wherein the reinforcing piece material is extruded from a reinforcing piece extrusion port (1-2.1) of the reinforcing piece flow passage (1-2), and the reinforced foaming floor is characterized in that:
a plurality of separation flow channels which are in accordance with the flow direction of the core material are arranged in the core material flow channel (1-1) at intervals, the core material is extruded from core material extrusion ports (1-1.1) of the separation flow channels, and the core material extrusion ports (1-1.1) are arranged in parallel;
the core material is conveyed in the plurality of separated flow channels, when the core material is extruded, a gap exists between the adjacent core material extrusion ports (1-1.1), the gap provides a foaming space for the extruded core material, so that the core material is foamed more uniformly, the plurality of separated flow channels avoid an internal cavity or turbulence generated during flowing in the larger whole core material flow channel (1-1) due to fluctuation of feeding amount of an extruder, the core material can be extruded more uniformly, the caliber of each separated flow channel is relatively smaller, the foaming reaction of the core material in the core material flow channel (1-1) can be effectively inhibited, the core material is foamed after being discharged from the core material extrusion ports (1-1.1), and accordingly, higher pressure is provided for combination of materials of each part of the floor, and under the pressure, air existing at the gap between the adjacent core material extrusion ports (1-1.1) can be communicated with the original air through exhaust The channels (1-4) are discharged, so that the formation of bubbles and air holes is reduced;
the separation flow channel comprises a guide extrusion section (1-1.2) with a gradually expanded flow channel in the extrusion direction of the core material, the end point of the expansion of the guide extrusion section (1-1.2) is the core material extrusion port (1-1.1), and a guide surface (1-1.21) is arranged to enable the core material extrusion sides of two adjacent core material extrusion ports (1-1.1) to be collinear;
when the core material is extruded, the guide surfaces (1-1.21) play a role in guiding, the core material is extruded along the guide surfaces (1-1.21) and simultaneously foamed, in each divided flow passage, the end point of the extrusion at the edge of the core material is the extrusion side of the core material, and when the extrusion sides of the core material of two adjacent core material extrusion openings (1-1.1) are collinear, the core material extruded in the two adjacent core material extrusion openings (1-1.1) can be converged at the collinear position without a gap.
2. The extrusion die of claim 1, wherein: the reinforcing piece flow channels (1-2) are two in number and are respectively arranged on two opposite outer sides of the core body material flow channels (1-1).
3. The extrusion die of claim 2, wherein: the material extrusion device is characterized by also comprising a limiting material flow passage (1-3), wherein the limiting material flow passage (1-3) comprises a limiting material extrusion section (1-3.1), the inner side wall of the limiting material extrusion section (1-3.1) forms a cylindrical limiting cavity, and the outer side wall of the limiting material extrusion section (1-3.1) wraps the inner side wall of the limiting material extrusion section (1-3.1) to form a limiting material extrusion flow passage;
the core material extrusion openings (1-1.1) and the reinforcing part extrusion openings (1-2.1) are arranged in the limiting cavity.
4. The extrusion die of claim 3, wherein: the cross section shapes of the outer side wall profile and the inner side wall profile of the limiting material extrusion section (1-3.1) are all round-corner rectangles.
5. The extrusion die of claim 4, wherein: the two reinforcing part extrusion ports (1-2.1) are respectively arranged on two opposite inner side walls in the limiting cavity, and the reinforcing part extrusion ports (1-2.1) are arranged adjacent to the inner side walls of the limiting cavity.
6. The extrusion die of claim 5, wherein: the core body material extrusion die further comprises a plurality of exhaust channels (1-4), inlets of the exhaust channels (1-4) are arranged at the joint of two adjacent core body material extrusion ports (1-1.1), and outlets of the exhaust channels (1-4) are arranged at the communication position of the extrusion die and the ambient atmosphere.
7. The extrusion die of claim 1, wherein: the guide extrusion section (1-1.2) is a cylindrical channel formed by connecting four guide surfaces (1-1.21) and then surrounding the guide extrusion section;
one side of the guide surface (1-1.21) positioned at the core material extrusion opening (1-1.1) is a core material extrusion side, and the core material extrusion sides of two adjacent core material extrusion openings (1-1.1) are collinear.
8. The extrusion die of claim 7, wherein: the core material extrusion die further comprises a plurality of exhaust channels (1-4), inlets of the exhaust channels (1-4) are arranged at the collinear positions of the core material extrusion sides of two adjacent core material extrusion ports (1-1.1), and outlets of the exhaust channels (1-4) are arranged at the communication positions of the extrusion die and the ambient atmosphere.
9. Reinforcing foaming floor includes foaming core (A) and reinforcement (B), the setting that reinforcement (B) supported set up in on the inside or the surface of foaming core (A), its characterized in that:
extruding with an extrusion die according to any one of claims 1 to 8;
on any cross section of the foaming core body (A), the number of the empty holes is less than 9/square decimeter;
the maximum distance between any two points on the edge of the empty hole is larger than 0.5 mm.
10. The reinforced foamed flooring according to claim 9, wherein: the foaming core body (A) is made of a PVC foaming material.
11. A reinforced foamed floor according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: the material of which the reinforcement (B) is made is a glass fiber impregnated material.
12. The reinforced foamed flooring according to claim 11, wherein: the reinforcing part (B) is a glass fiber impregnated belt formed by impregnating glass fiber with ABS engineering plastic.
13. The reinforced foamed flooring according to claim 12, wherein: the reinforcing parts (B) are two in number and are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the foaming core body (A).
14. The reinforced foamed flooring according to claim 9, wherein: and a protective layer (C) is arranged on the surface of at least one side of the reinforced foaming floor.
15. The reinforced foamed flooring according to claim 9, wherein: the foaming core body (A) is externally coated with a cylindrical limiting part (D).
16. An apparatus set for manufacturing a reinforced foamed floor, comprising the extrusion die of any one of claims 1 to 8, and further comprising:
the core material extruding device (2) is used for extruding the core material into a core material flow passage (1-1) of the extruding die (1);
a reinforcement material conveying device (3) for conveying reinforcement material into a reinforcement runner (1-2) of the extrusion die (1);
the limiting material extruding device (4) is used for extruding the material of the limiting part into a limiting material flow channel (1-3) of the extruding die (1);
a cooling and setting device (5) for cooling and setting the reinforced foamed flooring material extruded from the extrusion die (1);
and the traction device (6) is used for drawing the reinforced foaming floor material cooled by the cooling and shaping device (5).
17. Set of equipment for making reinforced foamed floors according to claim 16, characterized in that: the device also comprises a protective layer material extruding device (7) which is used for extruding the protective layer material into the extruding die (1).
18. Set of equipment for making reinforced foamed floors according to claim 16, characterized in that: the number of the reinforcing part material conveying devices (3) is two.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110641663.1A CN113459454B (en) | 2021-06-09 | 2021-06-09 | Reinforced foamed floor, extrusion die and equipment set for preparing same |
| PCT/CN2021/107333 WO2022257233A1 (en) | 2021-06-09 | 2021-07-20 | Reinforced foaming floor, and extrusion die and equipment group for preparation of reinforced foaming floor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110641663.1A CN113459454B (en) | 2021-06-09 | 2021-06-09 | Reinforced foamed floor, extrusion die and equipment set for preparing same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113459454A CN113459454A (en) | 2021-10-01 |
| CN113459454B true CN113459454B (en) | 2022-03-11 |
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| CN202110641663.1A Active CN113459454B (en) | 2021-06-09 | 2021-06-09 | Reinforced foamed floor, extrusion die and equipment set for preparing same |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN113459454B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022257233A1 (en) |
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| CN114133165B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-12-30 | 湖南康宁达医疗科技股份有限公司长沙分公司 | Radiation-proof wallboard formula and production device thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022257233A1 (en) | 2022-12-15 |
| CN113459454A (en) | 2021-10-01 |
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