CN111231260A

CN111231260A - Composite floor and preparation equipment set thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111231260A
Application number: CN202010237871.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐道远; 黄东辉; 但堂勇; 邓少华; 关龙超
Original assignee: Anhui Sentai Wpc Technology Floor Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Sentai Wpc Technology Floor Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-30
Filing date: 2020-03-30
Publication date: 2020-06-05
Also published as: WO2021196262A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite floor and a preparation equipment set thereof, belonging to the technical field of co-extrusion foaming boards. The composite floor comprises a core body, wherein the core body is a plate-shaped piece made of integrally formed foaming materials, and further comprises a reinforcing layer arranged in the core body and a protective layer arranged on the surface of the core body. The preparation equipment set comprises a die, a core material extrusion device, a reinforcing layer material conveying device, a protective layer material extrusion device, a cooling device and a traction device. The composite floor has excellent bending elastic modulus performance, and the equipment set can effectively reduce the equipment cost, the preparation energy consumption and the occupied space of the equipment.

Description

Composite floor and preparation equipment set thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of co-extrusion foaming boards, in particular to a composite floor and a preparation equipment set thereof.

Background

The existing composite floor is formed by compounding boards made of various materials such as density boards and wood boards and functional layers such as wear-resistant layers, has fire hazard and also has high density, and is inconvenient to transport for the composite floor and high in transportation cost.

Among the prior art, there is the technical scheme that adopts foaming PVC material to replace at least some foretell density board, plank preparation laminate flooring, for example the chinese utility model patent of the grant publication number is CN 209603434U discloses a resistant time PVC floor, it is including from last wearing layer, stabilizing layer, foaming layer and the drainage blanket to down, through coating bonding realization connection between each layer, wherein, foaming layer adopts foaming PVC material promptly, laminate flooring's density can reduce.

However, when the foamed PVC material is used as the main core material of the composite floor, the flexural modulus of elasticity of the composite floor is often insufficient, that is, the composite floor is easily deformed under the treading pressure, which gives the customer an unstable and unsafe use experience, especially in outdoor use, the floor tends to reach a higher temperature under the strong sun exposure, and the flexural modulus of elasticity of the PVC foamed material is rapidly attenuated at a high temperature, so that the above-mentioned defects are amplified.

In order to overcome the disadvantage of low flexural modulus, it is often necessary to increase the density of the ground keel pavement to provide sufficient support for the composite floor.

In order to increase the elastic modulus of the composite floor, a glass fiber reinforced layer is arranged in a core layer material of the composite floor, as in the prior art, glass fibers are arranged in a stable layer of the composite floor to play a role of reinforcing and supporting, and as in the Chinese patent application with the publication number of CN 105003060A, a continuous glass fiber reinforced composite floor and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, wherein the glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic prepreg tape is used for reinforcing the outermost layer of the composite floor.

For the composite floor using the foamed PVC as the core material, the glass fiber impregnated reinforcing material should not be directly disposed on the surface layer of the composite floor or too close to the surface layer of the composite floor, otherwise, the pressure is not dispersed to act on the glass fiber impregnated reinforcing material, which would result in great reduction of the supporting performance, therefore, a pressure dispersing layer is required to be disposed on the glass fiber impregnated reinforcing material, and the pressure dispersing layer is usually formed by co-extruding a layer of PVC material onto the glass fiber impregnated reinforcing material by using an independent extruder, and is combined with the PVC foamed material of the main body.

The specific preparation equipment diagram refers to fig. 1 of the present application, fig. 1 includes a main extruder extruding foamed PVC material into an extrusion die, the vertically arranged glass fiber impregnated reinforcing material is directly input into the extrusion die through a crimping device, another secondary extruder for pressure dispersion extrudes a PVC layer into the extrusion die to cover the PVC layer on the glass fiber impregnated reinforcing material, the specific structure of the extrusion die can refer to an extrusion die for preparing continuous long fiber reinforced PVC wood plastic products disclosed in chinese patent application publication No. CN 105522712 a, which can realize effective combination of core layer material, surface layer material (i.e. pressure dispersion layer) and continuous long fiber.

However, the preparation equipment/process cannot realize the production of the pressure dispersion layer/glass fiber impregnated reinforcing material/core material composite floor material structure by only using one extruder and matching an extrusion die, a second extruder needs to be additionally added, the space is occupied, and the equipment cost and the energy consumption are high.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the development and research are carried out by taking the aim of saving the equipment cost and the preparation energy consumption of the composite floor with the structure of the pressure dispersion layer/the glass fiber impregnated reinforced material/the core material as the aim, and the equipment set capable of solving the technical problems and the composite floor prepared by the equipment set are provided.

The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows:

a composite floor, comprising:

the core body is a rigid plate-shaped piece made of integrally formed foaming materials, the plate-shaped piece comprises a surface and a bottom surface which are oppositely arranged, the surface is trampled when the composite floor board is used, and the bottom surface is adjacent to the ground when the composite floor board is used;

the protective layer at least covers the surface of the core body, is usually made of ASA plastic materials and has certain weather resistance and wear resistance;

the reinforcing layers are at least two layers and arranged in the core body, and a bearing surface used for bearing the treading of the composite floor is arranged on the reinforcing layer close to the surface; the distance from the protective layer to the bottom surface is at least 2mm, the distance from the reinforcing layer close to the bottom surface is at least 2mm, the reinforcing layer has high hardness, accordingly, the reinforcing layer often has certain brittleness, the reinforcing layer close to the surface needs to disperse pressure and then acts on the reinforcing layer to better play a supporting role, and the reinforcing layer close to the bottom surface can further enhance the resistance of the composite floor to deformation.

The reinforcing layer is positioned in the core body, and the part between the surface of the core body and the reinforcing layer is the pressure dispersion layer in the background technology, and the pressure dispersion layer absorbs the treaded pressure through compression deformation and then transmits the treaded pressure to the reinforcing layer in a dispersion way.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the core is made of an integrally formed PVC foam.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the material of the reinforced layer is a glass fiber impregnated material.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the reinforcing layer is a glass fiber impregnated tape formed by impregnating glass fiber with ABS engineering plastic.

Compared with PP and PE materials, the ABS engineering plastic has better compatibility with ABS materials, so that the glass fiber impregnated material is easier to fuse with PVC foam materials.

Preferably, short glass fibers are distributed in the core body in an irregular arrangement. The short glass fibers cooperate with the reinforcement layer to further enhance the flexural modulus of the composite floor.

Short glass fibers refer to glass fibers having a length of less than 6 mm.

The preparation equipment group of composite floor includes:

the mould is used for combining the core material, the reinforcing layer material and the protective layer material and providing a physical space for foaming the core material;

the core material extruding device is used for extruding the core material into the die;

the number of the reinforcing material conveying devices is at least two, the reinforcing material conveying devices are provided with reinforcing material protection channels, at least parts of the reinforcing material protection channels penetrate into the die, and pressure dispersion intervals are arranged between outlets of the reinforcing material protection channels and the shaping boundary of the PVC foaming material; the pressure dispersion interval is 2-5 mm.

The protective layer material extruding device is used for extruding the protective layer material into the die;

a cooling device for cooling the composite flooring extruded from the die;

and the traction device is used for drawing the composite floor material cooled by the cooling device.

There is also provided a cutting device, which is usually a trailing cutting device integrated with the trailing device.

The glass fiber impregnated material in the prior art is directly added into an extrusion die, and only the surface of the PVC foaming material is covered with the glass fiber impregnated material firstly, and the other layer of PVC material is covered with the glass fiber impregnated material, namely two PVC material extruders are needed, otherwise, the glass fiber impregnated material cannot be ensured to be effectively melted into the PVC material.

And this application is through setting up reinforcing material protection passageway, and it is isolated with the PVC material earlier on the route of carrying glass fiber impregnated material, reach the release of glass fiber impregnated material again behind the assigned position, contact with PVC foaming material, and then extrude jointly for only adopt an extruder can realize that glass fiber impregnated material can effectively, stably fuse into inside the foaming PVC material.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the number of the reinforcing layer material conveying devices is two.

Generally speaking, two layers of glass fiber impregnated material have been able to meet the requirements of flexural modulus parameters of the floor panels.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the core material extrusion direction of the core material extrusion device and the extrusion direction of the composite floor material are located on the same conveying path, and the two reinforcing layer material conveying devices are located above and below the core material extrusion device, respectively.

In the technical scheme, the reinforced material protection channels of the two reinforced layer material conveying devices are respectively placed into the die from the upper part and the lower part, the outlets of the reinforced material protection channels can reach proper positions through bending, the spaces on two sides of the die are left, and one or even a plurality of protective layer material extruding devices can be placed.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the core material extrusion direction of the core material extrusion device and the extrusion direction of the composite floor material are located on two extrusion paths which are alternately communicated, and the conveying direction of the two reinforcing layer material conveying devices and the extrusion direction of the composite floor material are located on the same conveying path.

In this technical scheme, two enhancement layer material conveyor's reinforcing material protection passageway are located the top respectively and transfer parallel entering mould, need not to make reinforcing material protection passageway's export reach suitable position through buckling again, in the both sides space of mould, one side is used for placing core material extrusion device, and one or two protection layer material extrusion device can be placed to the opposite side.

Preferably, in the above-described aspect, an extrusion direction of the core material extrusion device is perpendicular to an extrusion direction of the composite flooring material.

In summary, the embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

1) the composite floor provided by the embodiment of the application has the integrally formed core material, and the at least two reinforcing layers are embedded in the core material, so that the flexural modulus of the floor can be effectively enhanced, and at normal temperature, the flexural modulus can reach more than 2000MPa, and the flexural strength can reach more than 40 MPa;

2) furthermore, the core material of the composite floor board provided by the embodiment of the application is provided with the irregularly arranged glass fiber reinforcing ribs which are matched with at least two reinforcing layers, so that the bending modulus can still reach more than 1400MPa and the bending strength can reach more than 25MPa even when the temperature reaches 80 ℃.

3) Still further, the composite floor and the preparation equipment set thereof in the embodiment of the application can realize the pressure dispersion layer/glass fiber impregnated reinforced material/core material structure of the composite floor only by one extruder of the core material when the composite floor material is co-extruded, so that the equipment cost and the preparation energy consumption can be saved, and the arrangement space of the equipment is saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an extrusion apparatus for a foamed PVC floor in the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side sectional structure of a composite floor;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus set according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the mold of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus set according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the mold of FIG. 5;

in the figure, 1-core, 2-reinforcing layer, 3-protective layer, a-mould, b-core material extruding device, c-reinforcing layer material conveying device, c-1-protective channel, d-protective layer material extruding device, e-cooling device and f-drawing device.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example (b): the composite floor board is characterized by comprising a core body 1 made of PVC foaming materials and a reinforcing layer 2 arranged in the core body 1 and made of two layers of glass fiber impregnation materials, wherein a protective layer 3 made of ASA plastic materials is arranged on the surface of the core body 1;

the core 1 may also be a PS (polystyrene) foam material or a PE (polyethylene) foam material, and the foam material of the core 1 may be selected according to the actual requirements of the floor.

The reinforcement layer 2 is typically a glass fiber impregnated material, typically a glass fiber impregnated tape formed by impregnating ABS plastic with glass fiber, and the specific impregnation process is a prior art, such as CFRT forming process, and will not be described again in this application. When the reinforcing layer 2 is a glass fiber-impregnated tape formed by impregnating PP or PE material with glass fiber, PS (polystyrene) is coated on the surface of the glass fiber-impregnated tape when the glass fiber-impregnated tape is co-extruded with PVC foam, so as to achieve better bonding with the PVC foam.

The protective layer 3 is typically a film made of ASA plastic material.

Specifically, the thickness of the core 1 is 20-30 mm, when the surface is rectangular, the side length of the surface is usually 120-160 mm, the distance between the glass fiber impregnated material near the surface of the core 1 and the surface is controlled to be 2-5 mm, the distance between the glass fiber impregnated material near the bottom surface of the core 1 and the bottom surface is also controlled to be 2-5 mm, and the thickness of the protective layer 3 is usually 0.7-1.2 mm.

Sample 1 is defined by the present application as: the core body 1 is made of PVC foam material, short glass fibers with the mass fraction of 3% and the length of 2-6 mm are randomly distributed in the core body 1, the thickness of the core body 1 is 24mm, the surface of the core body is rectangular, the side length of the rectangular surface is 140mm, the number of the glass fiber impregnated ABS materials is two, the distance between the glass fiber impregnated ABS material close to the surface of the core body 1 and the surface is controlled to be 3mm, the distance between the glass fiber impregnated ABS material close to the bottom surface of the core body 1 and the bottom surface is also controlled to be 3mm, and the thickness of the protective layer 3 is 0.9 mm.

Sample 2 was defined as: the short glass fibers were removed and the glass fiber impregnated ABS material was removed from sample 1 and the remaining parameters and materials were the same as for sample 1.

The various performance parameters of

samples

1 and 2 after testing are shown in the following table:

TABLE Performance test parameters for

samples

1 and 2

As can be seen from the above table, the mechanical properties of the composite floor of sample 1 at normal temperature (23 ℃) and high temperature (70 ℃) are greatly improved compared with that of sample 2, wherein the bending strength and the bending modulus of sample 1 at 70 ℃ are substantially equal to those of sample 2 at 23 ℃, and thus, sample 1 has sufficient mechanical properties even in an outdoor high-temperature environment, and can completely meet the use requirements.

It can be seen from the above table that the linear expansion coefficient of sample 1 is greatly reduced compared with that of sample 2, because the stress action of the PVC plastic foam material is limited by the presence of the short glass fiber and the glass fiber impregnated ABS material, the degree of thermal expansion and cold contraction can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the composite floor is prolonged.

Referring to fig. 3 to 6, a manufacturing equipment set for a composite floor comprises a mold a with a foaming function, a core material extrusion device b, two reinforcing layer material conveying devices c, one or two protective layer material extrusion devices d, a cooling device d, a traction device f and a cutting device.

Specifically, the core material extrusion device b is a PVC foam material extruder;

the reinforced layer material conveying device c is a coiled glass fiber impregnated material, and the coiled material is input into the die a through a reinforced material protection channel c-1 by the power provided by a traction device f, wherein the cross section of the reinforced material protection channel c-1 is a flat opening matched with the shape of the coiled glass fiber impregnated material;

the protective layer material extruding device d is an ASA plastic material extruder;

the cooling device d comprises two sections of cooling areas, firstly, dry cooling is carried out, the composite floor material is extruded and then conveyed into a closed conveying channel with a cold water jacket arranged at the upper part and the lower part, then the conveying channel is vacuumized, so that the cold water jacket is contacted with the composite floor material to realize cooling, after the dry cooling, the composite floor material enters a water tank to be contacted with cooling water to carry out wet cooling, the temperature of the composite floor material just after the extrusion reaches about 190 ℃, the composite floor material is not suitable for being directly contacted and cooled by the cooling water, and meanwhile, the vacuumizing effect of the dry cooling is also beneficial to shaping of the composite floor material;

the traction device f, the cutting device and the traction and cutting integrated device are all common devices in the field and are not repeated here.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in a preferred embodiment, the extrusion direction of the PVC foam material extruder and the extrusion direction of the composite floor material in the mold a are located on the same conveying path, two reinforcing layer material conveying devices c are respectively located above and below the PVC foam material extruder, two glass fiber impregnated material rolls respectively enter the mold 1 from above and below through the reinforcing material protection channel 3-1, and then the reinforcing material protection channel is bent to reach a proper position, and the space on two sides of the mold a is left, so that one or even more ASA plastic material extruders can be placed.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in another preferred embodiment, the extrusion direction of the PVC foam material extruder is perpendicular to the extrusion direction of the composite floor material in the mold, the conveying direction of the two reinforcing layer material conveying devices c and the extrusion direction of the composite floor material in the mold a are located on the same conveying path, two glass fiber impregnated material rolls respectively enter the mold 1 through two parallel reinforcing material protection channels 3-1, the outlet of the reinforcing material protection channel can reach a proper position without bending, one side of the space on the two sides of the mold a is used for placing the PVC foam material extruder, and the other side of the space on the two sides of the mold a can be used for placing one or two ASA plastic material extruders.

The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. Composite floor, characterized in that, contains:

the composite floor board comprises a core body (1), a plurality of supporting pieces and a plurality of supporting pieces, wherein the core body is a rigid plate-shaped piece made of integrally-molded foaming materials, the plate-shaped piece comprises a surface and a bottom surface which are oppositely arranged, the surface is used for treading when the composite floor board is used, and the bottom surface is adjacent to the ground when the composite floor board is used;

the protective layer (3) at least covers the surface of the core body (1);

the reinforcing layers (2) are at least two layers in number, are arranged in the core body (1), are close to the surface, are at least 2mm away from the reinforcing layers (2) to the protective layers (3), and are at least 2mm away from the bottom surfaces to the reinforcing layers (2) close to the bottom surfaces.

2. The composite floor of claim 1, wherein: the core body (1) is made of an integrally formed PVC foaming material.

3. The composite floor of claim 1, wherein: the material for making the reinforced layer (2) is a glass fiber impregnated material.

4. The composite floor of claim 3, wherein: the reinforced layer (2) is a glass fiber impregnated belt formed by impregnating ABS engineering plastics with glass fibers.

5. The composite floor of claim 1, wherein: short glass fibers which are irregularly arranged are distributed in the core body (1).

6. A kit for preparing a composite floor according to any of claims 1 to 5, comprising:

the mould (a) is used for combining the core material, the reinforcing layer material and the protective layer material and providing a physical space for foaming the core material;

core material extruding devices (b) of which the number is one, for extruding the core material into the die (a);

the reinforcing material conveying devices (c) are at least two in number and are provided with reinforcing material protection channels (c-1), and the reinforcing material protection channels (c-1) at least partially penetrate into the interior of the mold (a);

the protective layer material extruding device (d) is used for extruding the protective layer material into the die (a);

cooling means (e) for cooling the composite flooring extruded from the die (a);

and the traction device (f) is used for drawing the composite floor material cooled by the cooling device (e).

7. The kit for manufacturing a composite floor according to claim 6, wherein: the number of the reinforcing layer material conveying devices (c) is two.

8. The kit for manufacturing a composite floor according to claim 7, wherein: the core material extrusion direction of the core material extrusion device (b) and the extrusion direction of the composite floor material are positioned on the same conveying path, and the two reinforcing layer material conveying devices (c) are respectively positioned above and below the core material extrusion device (b).

9. The manufacturing kit for manufacturing a composite floor according to claim 7, wherein: the extrusion direction of the core material extrusion device (b) and the extrusion direction of the composite floor material are positioned on two extrusion paths which are communicated in a staggered mode, and the conveying direction of the two reinforcing layer material conveying devices (c) and the extrusion direction of the composite floor material are positioned on the same conveying path.

10. The manufacturing kit for manufacturing a composite floor according to claim 9, wherein: the core material extrusion direction of the core material extrusion device (b) is perpendicular to the extrusion direction of the composite floor material.