CN113457346B - Modularized high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment - Google Patents
Modularized high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113457346B CN113457346B CN202110763484.5A CN202110763484A CN113457346B CN 113457346 B CN113457346 B CN 113457346B CN 202110763484 A CN202110763484 A CN 202110763484A CN 113457346 B CN113457346 B CN 113457346B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/40—Acidic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/07—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
Abstract
The invention provides modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment, which comprises: the first treatment device is configured to treat tail gas in a direct combustion mode and comprises a cyclone dust removal device, a secondary combustion device, a heat energy recovery device, a quenching device, a cloth bag dust removal device, a spraying acid removal device and a smoke whitening device; the heat energy required by the smoke whitening device is derived from heat energy recovery after secondary combustion, so that the additional energy required by whitening is saved while the visual pollution of white smoke is avoided; the second treatment device is configured to treat tail gas in a heat accumulating or catalytic combustion/oxidation mode, comprises a cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device, a heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device and a spraying deacidification device, and adopts one or a group of cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal devices to prevent the thermal desorption of large dust in flue gas; two processes are adopted for treatment according to different treatment requirements of the organic waste gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ex-situ thermal desorption, in particular to modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment.
Background
With the adjustment of the industrial structure, the high-pollution enterprises such as a large number of pesticide plants, steel plants, chemical plants and oil refineries in China are gradually shut down and transferred or moved, and a large amount of pesticide is used in agriculture and oil is discharged due to accidents in the oil industry, so that a large amount of residual high-pollution organic matter polluted soil is generated, and urgent need to be repaired.
The ex-situ thermal desorption is a mature and reliable technology for treating the organic matter contaminated soil, and is one of the most widely applied technologies for repairing organic matter contaminated sites. The heterotopic thermal desorption technology has good adaptability to different organic pollutant types and concentrations, and meanwhile, the remediation speed is high, and the period is short. The principle of the method is that the polluted soil is heated to a temperature higher than the boiling point of the target pollutant, so that the target pollutant is volatilized from the soil, the soil is evolved, and volatilized polluted waste gas is eliminated or concentrated and collected by a tail gas treatment system. The remediation technology can remove a plurality of organic pollutants such as volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds and heavy metal mercury in the polluted soil, and the removal rate of the pollutants can reach more than 99 percent at most.
At present, domestic heterotopic thermal desorption technology and equipment have certain defects, which are specifically shown as follows: firstly, the ex-situ thermal desorption tail gas treatment mainly adopts the traditional secondary combustion process, and the energy consumption is high; secondly, the integration level of the equipment is low, and the functions of all modules are single; thirdly, the structural design of the thermal desorption core equipment is unreasonable, so that the processing capacity and the repair efficiency are low; fourthly, the intelligent level is low, the requirement on operators is high, and the operation difficulty is high; and fifthly, secondary pollution prevention and control are weak, and environmental risks exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide modular efficient energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment to solve the problem that the conventional secondary combustion process of the conventional thermal desorption equipment has high energy consumption.
The invention also aims to provide modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment to solve the problems of low modularization and integration level of the conventional thermal desorption equipment.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a modular, efficient, energy-saving and environment-friendly thermal desorption device, which comprises:
the first treatment device is configured to treat tail gas in a direct combustion mode and comprises a cyclone dust removal device, a secondary combustion device, a heat energy recovery device, a quenching device, a cloth bag dust removal device, a spraying acid removal device and a smoke whitening device; the heat energy required by the smoke whitening device is derived from heat energy recovery after secondary combustion, so that the additional energy required by whitening is saved while the visual pollution of white smoke is avoided;
the second treatment device is configured to treat tail gas in a heat accumulating or catalytic combustion/oxidation mode, comprises a cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device, a heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device and a spraying deacidification device, and adopts one or one group of cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device to prevent the large amount of thermal desorption smoke dust;
two processes are adopted for treatment according to different treatment requirements of the organic waste gas.
Optionally, in the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment, the cyclone dust removal device removes dust from waste gas in the thermal desorption kiln body;
the secondary combustion device carries out high-temperature combustion treatment on the tail gas subjected to dust removal;
the heat energy recovery device recovers and utilizes the heat energy generated by combustion of the heat energy recovery device;
the quenching device is used for rapidly cooling the tail gas after high-temperature combustion;
the cloth bag dust removal device further removes dust from the cooled tail gas;
the spraying deacidification device adopts an alkali liquor spraying mode to eliminate acid gas in the tail gas, and sprays and eliminates substances in the tail gas;
the flue gas white elimination device heats the deacidified tail gas to eliminate white, and the heat energy required by the flue gas white elimination device is recovered from the heat energy after the secondary combustion of the tail gas.
The cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device is used for efficiently removing dust from the tail gas;
the heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device carries out catalytic combustion/oxidation treatment on tail gas.
Optionally, the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus further includes:
the thermal desorption kiln body is the kiln body of drum-type, according to the difference of the material property of soil particle in the thermal desorption cylinder, orbit and desorption law, designs the thermal desorption kiln body of syllogic high treatment load, including feeding district section, thermal desorption district section and ejection of compact district section, wherein:
the feeding section is provided with an S-shaped material guide plate, and the S-shaped material guide plate guides the material to the thermal desorption section to prevent the material from being accumulated;
the thermal desorption section is provided with an inverted V-shaped lifting plate, and the inverted V-shaped lifting plate uniformly lifts and scatters materials within the temperature range of 30-270 ℃, so that the contact area and time of soil and hot air are effectively increased, and a thermal cavity or short flow of hot flue gas in the kiln is avoided;
the discharging section is provided with a special Z-shaped lifting plate which is used for avoiding the influence of the spreading of materials on the stability of flame of a burner and reducing the generation of dust;
the heat energy recovery device is positioned outside the thermal desorption kiln body and used for recovering heat loss on the surface of the high-temperature kiln body.
Optionally, in the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus, the apparatus further comprises:
the roller type active screening and crushing device screens and crushes the polluted soil through the sawtooth type roller to remove gravels or construction wastes in the soil and form a soil material with a fine and uniform particle size;
the soil conditioner preparation and quantitative dosing device detects the soil moisture content through the moisture content detector, a soil moisture content detection result is transmitted to the quantitative dosing device, the relationship between the moisture content and the dosing proportion is set in the quantitative dosing device, the soil conditioner is prepared and dosed quantitatively, and the moisture content of the material is controlled to be below 15%;
selecting the types and the adding proportion of a roller with different types of crushing teeth and a soil conditioner in a roller type active screening and crushing device, and performing targeted modification on soil from different sources to form loose materials with uniform particles and controlled water content below 15%, so that wall sticking and material blocking of a feeding system are avoided;
the electromagnetic iron removal device removes metal impurities in the soil through electromagnetic force attraction, and avoids damage to various subsequent equipment;
the impact-resistant apron conveying uniform feeding device has high impact resistance, can bear the impact of 3-5t of soil weight at one time, is stable and reliable, avoids uneven feeding and improves the feeding speed;
the material weighing device is used for measuring the weight of soil materials on the anti-impact apron in real time and controlling the roller type active screening and crushing device in a linkage manner to discharge materials, so that the feeding of thermal desorption is ensured to be uniform, stable and accurate;
and the monitoring device is linked with the operating condition parameters of the rear-end high-load desorption module, so that the feeding speed is accelerated or slowed down, and the coordination of the front and rear operations is ensured.
Optionally, in the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus, the apparatus further comprises:
the closed screw conveyor is arranged between the dust outlet of the cyclone dust removal device and the feed inlet of the dust-soil mixed feeding device, collects and conveys the dust discharged by the cyclone dust removal device to the dust-soil mixed feeding device in a closed manner, and avoids dust pollution;
the dust-soil mixing feeding device is used for mixing and stirring dust discharged by the cyclone dust removal device and feeding soil, and then conveying the mixture to the high-load desorption module for restoration, so that the feeding efficiency is improved by more than 10%;
the lower end of the cyclone dust removal device is provided with a closed spiral conveyor, collected dust is conveyed into a thermal desorption feeding spiral, and after being stirred and mixed with polluted soil, the dust enters a thermal desorption system again for repair treatment, so that secondary pollution is avoided;
through mixing dry dust and moist soil, avoid soil bonding at thermal desorption cylinder feed end, prevent the putty.
Optionally, the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus further includes:
the infrared temperature measuring device is used for detecting the temperature of the discharged soil after thermal desorption in real time;
the spiral conveying device is used for conveying the discharged soil subjected to heat desorption to the discharging bin;
the spraying cooling device is used for intelligently cooling and adjusting the water content according to the temperature of the discharged soil after thermal desorption, setting the relation between the temperature and the spraying amount, spraying the discharged soil, and enabling the water content to reach 15-20% when the temperature of the sprayed soil is lower than 100 ℃;
the steam/dust collecting device is used for extracting and collecting steam and dust generated after the soil material is sprayed, so that raised dust and steam are prevented from being diffused in an unorganized mode;
after the high-temperature soil enters the discharging system, the temperature of the soil is detected through an infrared temperature measuring device, and the amount of water for spraying and cooling is adjusted according to the feeding data;
spraying generated steam and dust, collecting the steam and the dust through an extraction system, and performing dust removal treatment;
the temperature of the soil after being cooled is lower than 100 ℃, and the water content is 15-20%;
the cooling and humidifying processes are carried out in a closed spiral conveying device, and the unorganized diffusion of raised dust and steam is avoided.
Optionally, the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus further includes:
the intelligent control system realizes that each device of thermal desorption is sequentially started according to a preset starting program by monitoring the concentration of combustible gas in the thermal desorption and the working states of each device, each valve and each flowmeter, and realizes the functions of one-key self-checking and starting;
meanwhile, an intelligent control system of the neural network is adopted, the optimal control parameters for typical pollutants are formed through different working condition parameters, soil remediation effects and tail gas treatment effects of the detection equipment and self-training learning, the trained neural network of the corresponding pollutants is directly called when the detection equipment is used again, so that the 'fool' operation and intelligent operation of the equipment are realized, and the manual control requirements are reduced.
Optionally, the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus further includes:
the PLC control cabinet sequentially starts each module in the modularized high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment according to a preset starting program to realize one-key self-checking and starting functions;
the upper computer and the control software system are used for monitoring whether each module in the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment works normally or not according to the program running condition of the PLC control cabinet and the working state and parameters acquired by the parameter acquisition device, and otherwise, generating an alarm signal;
video monitoring, wherein picture signals of each module in the modularized high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment are collected and transmitted to a movable central control room;
the neural network system is used for autonomously training and learning by detecting working condition parameters, soil remediation effects and tail gas treatment effects of the modularized high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment to form optimal control parameters aiming at typical pollutants, and then directly calling related optimal control parameters;
the movable central control room is used as an operation room of an operator;
monitoring data and images of the central control room are transmitted to a company headquarter and managers or professional technical staff mobile phone terminals at different levels through the Internet of things, so that remote monitoring and hierarchical management are realized.
In the modularized high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment provided by the invention, two processes are adopted for treatment according to different organic waste gas treatment requirements, the first process adopts a direct combustion process and mainly comprises a cyclone dust removal device, a secondary combustion device, a heat energy recovery device, a quenching device, a cloth bag dust removal device, a spraying acid removal device and a flue gas whitening device, wherein the heat energy required by the flue gas whitening device is derived from the heat energy recovery after the secondary combustion, so that the visual pollution of white smoke is avoided, and the extra energy required by whitening is saved. The second one adopts heat accumulating or catalytic combustion/oxidation process and mainly comprises a cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device, a heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device and a spraying deacidification devicePlacing; the process is characterized in that one or a group of cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal devices are adopted, the problem of large dust amount of thermal desorption flue gas is effectively solved, and the dust amount after dust removal is 20-30mg/m 3 And the cyclone cloth bag integrated equipment is provided with a flue gas auxiliary heating and adjusting cooling device, so that the temperature of the flue gas is ensured to be 180-220 ℃, a foundation is provided for subsequent heat storage combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation, the tail gas treatment process is more diversified and concise, the energy consumption is reduced by more than 70% compared with a direct combustion process, and the tail gas treatment cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a modular, efficient, energy-saving and environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The modular, efficient, energy-saving and environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus and method provided by the invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is provided for the purpose of facilitating and clearly illustrating embodiments of the present invention.
Furthermore, features from different embodiments of the invention may be combined with each other, unless otherwise indicated. For example, a feature of the second embodiment may be substituted for a corresponding or functionally equivalent or similar feature of the first embodiment, and the resulting embodiments are likewise within the scope of the disclosure or recitation of the present application.
The core idea of the invention is to provide a modularized high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption device, so as to solve the problems of high energy consumption and low heat energy utilization rate of the existing thermal desorption device.
In order to realize the thought, the invention provides modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment which comprises a first treatment device, a second treatment device, a heat energy recovery device, a quenching device, a cloth bag dust removal device, a spraying acid removal device and a smoke whitening device, wherein the first treatment device is configured to treat tail gas in a direct combustion mode; the heat energy required by the smoke whitening device is derived from heat energy recovery after secondary combustion, so that the additional energy required by whitening is saved while the visual pollution of white smoke is avoided; the second treatment device is configured to treat tail gas in a heat accumulating or catalytic combustion/oxidation mode, comprises a cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device, a heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device and a spraying deacidification device, and adopts one or one group of cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device to prevent the large amount of thermal desorption smoke dust; two processes are adopted for treatment according to different treatment requirements of the organic waste gas.
The core idea of the invention is to provide a modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption device to solve the problems of low level of modularization and integration, single function of each module and inconvenient disassembly, assembly and transportation of the existing thermal desorption device.
The core idea of the invention is to provide a modular, efficient, energy-saving and environment-friendly thermal desorption device to solve the problem of low processing capacity and repair efficiency caused by unreasonable structural design of the existing thermal desorption core device.
The core idea of the invention is to provide a modular, efficient, energy-saving and environment-friendly thermal desorption device to solve the problems of low intelligent level and high control difficulty of the existing thermal desorption device.
The core idea of the invention is to provide a modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption device to solve the problem of insufficient prevention and control of secondary pollution of the existing thermal desorption device.
In order to realize the idea, the invention provides a modular, efficient, energy-saving and environment-friendly thermal desorption device, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the intelligent pretreatment feeding module 1 carries out intelligent pretreatment and feeding on the polluted soil to form a material before feeding; the high-efficiency feeding module 2 conveys the materials before feeding to the high-load desorption module; the high-load desorption module 3 performs thermal desorption reaction on the material and recovers the heat dissipation of the kiln body; the environment-friendly discharging module 4 performs harmless aftertreatment on the material subjected to thermal desorption reaction, cools and adjusts the water content, and collects dust fog in the discharging process; the energy-saving tail gas treatment module 5 is used for carrying out innocent treatment on tail gas generated after the thermal desorption reaction of the material, and two tail gas treatment processes are adopted and selected and determined according to the type and emission requirements of pollutants; and the intelligent control module 6 automatically controls the operation of the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment, monitors the operation condition parameters of the equipment and adopts a neural network intelligent control system to carry out autonomous training and learning so as to form optimal control parameters.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the modular energy-efficient and environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus, the intelligent pretreatment feeding module includes: the roller type active screening and crushing device screens and crushes the polluted soil through the sawtooth roller to remove gravels or construction wastes in the soil and form a soil material with finer and more uniform particle size; the soil conditioner preparation and quantitative dosing device detects the water content of soil through the water content detector, the relation between the water content and the dosing proportion is set in the quantitative dosing device, the water content detection result is transmitted to the quantitative dosing device, and the quantitative dosing device prepares the soil conditioner and carries out quantitative dosing; controlling the water content of the material to be below 15%; the electromagnetic iron removal device removes metal impurities such as iron blocks, steel bars and the like in soil through electromagnetic force attraction, and avoids damage to various subsequent equipment; the impact-resistant apron conveying uniform feeding device has high impact resistance, can bear the impact of 3-5t of soil weight at one time, is stable and reliable, can avoid the problem of uneven feeding, and greatly improves the feeding speed; the material weighing device can be used for controlling the roller type active screening and crushing device to discharge materials by measuring the weight of soil materials on the impact-resistant apron in real time, so that the feeding of thermal desorption can be ensured to be uniform, stable and accurate; and the monitoring device is linked with the operating condition parameters of the rear-end high-load desorption module, so that the feeding speed is accelerated or slowed down, and the coordination of the front and rear operations is ensured.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the modular energy-efficient and environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus, the high-efficiency feeding module comprises: the closed screw conveyor is arranged between the dust exhaust port of the cyclone dust removal device and the feed inlet of the dust-soil mixed feeding device, collects and hermetically conveys dust (accounting for more than 10% of the feed amount) discharged by the cyclone dust removal device to the dust-soil mixed feeding device, and does not generate dust pollution; the dust-soil mixing feeding device mixes and stirs the dust discharged by the cyclone dust removal device and the feeding soil, and then conveys the mixture to the high-load desorption module for restoration, so that the feeding efficiency can be improved by more than 10%;
in an embodiment of the present invention, in the modular energy-efficient and environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus, the high-load desorption module includes: the thermal desorption kiln body is used for carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the soil material; the kiln body base is used for supporting the thermal desorption kiln body; the mechanical transmission device is used for mechanically rotating the thermal desorption kiln body; the combustor is a device for heating the thermal desorption kiln body and the polluted soil; the heat energy recovery device is positioned outside the kiln body and used for recovering heat loss (accounting for about 15-20% of input heat energy) on the surface of the high-temperature kiln body, and the utilization rate of the recovered heat energy is improved by 5-10%;
in an embodiment of the present invention, in the modular energy-efficient and environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus, the thermal desorption kiln body is a drum-type kiln body, and includes a feeding section, a thermal desorption section and a discharging section, wherein: the S-shaped material guide plate is arranged on the feeding section and guides the material to the thermal desorption section to prevent the material from being accumulated; the thermal desorption section is provided with an inverted V-shaped lifting plate, and the inverted V-shaped lifting plate uniformly lifts and scatters materials within the temperature range of 30-270 ℃, so that the contact area and time of soil and hot air are effectively increased; and the discharging section is provided with a special Z-shaped lifting plate which is used for avoiding the influence of the material spreading on the stability of flame of the burner and reducing the generation of dust.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus, the environment-friendly discharge module includes: the infrared temperature measuring device is used for detecting the temperature of the discharged soil after thermal desorption in real time; the spiral conveying device is used for conveying the discharged soil subjected to heat desorption to the discharging bin; the spraying cooling device is used for intelligently cooling and adjusting the water content according to the temperature of the discharged soil after thermal desorption, setting the relation between the temperature and the spraying amount, spraying the discharged soil, and enabling the water content to reach 15-20% when the temperature of the sprayed soil is lower than 100 ℃; and the steam/dust collecting device is used for extracting and collecting steam and dust generated after the soil material is sprayed, so that the raised dust and the steam are prevented from inorganically diffusing.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus, the energy-saving tail gas treatment module includes: the first treatment device is used for treating tail gas in a direct combustion mode; the second treatment device is used for treating tail gas in a heat accumulating type or catalytic combustion/oxidation mode; in the modularized high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment, the first treatment device comprises a cyclone dust removal device, a secondary combustion device, a tail gas heat energy recovery device, a quenching device, a cloth bag dust removal device, a spraying deacidification device and a flue gas whitening device, wherein: the cyclone dust removal device removes dust from waste gas in the thermal desorption kiln body, the secondary combustion device performs high-temperature combustion treatment on the tail gas after dust removal, the tail gas heat energy recovery device recovers and utilizes heat energy generated after combustion of the tail gas, the quenching device rapidly cools the tail gas after high-temperature combustion, the cloth bag dust removal device further removes dust from the cooled tail gas, the spraying acid removal device adopts an alkali liquor spraying mode to remove acid gas in the tail gas, and the flue gas white removal device performs heating white removal treatment on the tail gas after deacidification; and the heat energy required by the flue gas white elimination device is derived from the heat energy recovery after the secondary combustion of the tail gas.
In one embodiment of the invention, the second treatment device comprises a cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device, a regenerative combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device and a spraying deacidification device, wherein: the cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device can efficiently remove dust from tail gas, and the dust amount after dust removal is 20-30mg/m 3 . The heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device carries out catalytic combustion/oxidation treatment on the tail gas, and the spraying deacidification device carries out spraying elimination on substances in the tail gas. The parameter acquisition device is used for acquiring sensor data of temperature, pressure, concentration, flow, quality and the like of each process link and acquiring data of various instruments of equipment states, valves, rotating speeds and the like of each module.
In an embodiment of the invention, the PLC control cabinet sequentially starts each module in the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment according to a preset starting program to realize one-key self-checking and starting functions. The upper computer and the control software system are used for monitoring whether each module in the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment works normally or not according to the program running condition of the PLC control cabinet and the working state and parameters acquired by the parameter acquisition device, and otherwise, generating an alarm signal; video monitoring, namely acquiring picture signals of each module in the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and transmitting the picture signals to a movable central control room; the neural network system is used for self-training and learning by detecting the working condition parameters, the soil remediation effect and the tail gas treatment effect of the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment to form optimal control parameters aiming at typical pollutants such as PAHs, TPH, VOCs and the like, and can directly call the related optimal control parameters in subsequent work. The movable central control room is an operation room of an operator; monitoring data and images of the central control room are transmitted to a headquarter of a company and/or managers or professional technical personnel mobile phone terminals at different levels through the Internet of things, so that remote monitoring and hierarchical management are realized.
The invention also provides an intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption method, which comprises the following steps: the intelligent pretreatment feeding module carries out intelligent pretreatment and feeding on the polluted soil; the high-efficiency feeding module efficiently conveys the polluted soil to the high-load desorption module; the high-load desorption module is used for carrying out thermal desorption on the polluted soil and recovering the heat dissipated by the kiln body; the environment-friendly discharging module cools the discharged soil, adjusts the water content and collects dust fog; the energy-saving tail gas treatment module is used for treating tail gas by adopting an optimal process; the intelligent control module monitors the operation condition parameters of the equipment and adopts a neural network intelligent control system to carry out autonomous training learning so as to form optimal control parameters and realize intelligent operation.
According to the intelligent integrated environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and the method, the intelligent pretreatment and feeding are performed on the polluted soil through the intelligent pretreatment feeding module, the high-efficiency feeding module efficiently conveys the polluted soil to the high-load desorption module, the high-load desorption module performs thermal desorption on the polluted soil and recovers heat dissipation of a kiln body, the environment-friendly discharging module intelligently reduces the temperature and adjusts the water content of the discharged soil and collects dust mist, the energy-saving tail gas treatment module treats tail gas, close matching of the modules is achieved, thermal desorption reaction efficiency of materials is higher, integration level of the modules of the thermal desorption equipment is higher, and modularization of the whole system is improved.
Aiming at the problems of low processing capacity, high operation energy consumption, secondary pollution prevention and control level, low intelligent water content and the like of the existing domestic thermal desorption equipment, the invention optimizes the thermal desorption technology in the aspects of process, core equipment design, equipment integration, a control system and the like, and provides an intelligent integrated environment-friendly thermal desorption method and equipment, wherein the whole set of thermal desorption equipment consists of main modules such as an intelligent pretreatment feeding module 1, a high-efficiency feeding module 2, a high-load desorption module 3, an environment-friendly discharging module 4, an energy-saving tail gas processing module 5 and an intelligent control module 6.
In the embodiment of the invention, the intelligent pretreatment feeding module comprises a roller type active screening and crushing device, a soil conditioner configuration and dosing device, an electromagnetic iron removal device, an impact-resistant apron conveying and uniform feeding device, a material weighing device, a monitoring device and the like. By selecting the types and the adding proportion of the rolling shafts with different types of crushing teeth and the soil conditioner in the active screening and crushing device, the soil from different sources can be modified in a targeted manner, and finally, loose materials with uniform particles and controlled water content below 15% are formed, so that the problems of wall sticking, material blocking and the like of a feeding system are effectively solved; the electromagnetic iron removal device can effectively remove metal impurities such as iron blocks, steel bars and the like frequently existing in the polluted soil, and damage to various subsequent equipment is avoided; the impact-resistant uniform feeding device for conveying the apron has high impact resistance, can bear the impact of 3-5t of soil weight at one time, is stable and reliable, can avoid the problem of uneven feeding, and greatly improves the feeding speed. The material weighing device can ensure that the thermal desorption feeding is uniform, stable and accurate; the monitoring device is linked with working condition parameters of rear-end thermal desorption operation, so that the feeding speed is accelerated or slowed down, and the coordination of front and rear operation is ensured.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the high efficiency feeding module has the following embodiments and effects: dust accounting for 10-15% of the feeding amount is intercepted by the cyclone dust removal device in the thermal desorption operation process, so that the dust is separated from a soil treatment system, and the feeding efficiency is directly reduced by 10-15%. The dust intercepted by the cyclone dust removal device needs to enter the rotary kiln again for repair treatment, and the dust is easy to fly in the transfer process, so that secondary pollution is generated. The high-efficiency feeding module provided by the invention comprises a closed screw conveyor and a dust-soil mixed feeding device. The lower end of the cyclone dust removal device is provided with a closed screw conveyor, collected dust is conveyed into a thermal desorption feeding screw and is stirred and mixed with polluted soil, and then the dust enters a thermal desorption system again for repair treatment, so that secondary pollution is avoided, and meanwhile, the dry dust is mixed with moist soil, so that the soil can be effectively prevented from being bonded at the feeding end of a thermal desorption roller, and material blockage is prevented; the feeding efficiency can be improved by more than 10%.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the high-load desorption module has the following embodiments and effects: after the contaminated soil enters the reverse drum-type thermal desorption equipment, the contaminated soil successively passes through different thermal desorption sections such as a feeding section, a desorption section and a discharging section, and the physical properties of the soil in the different sections are obviously different. The high-load desorption module provided by the invention comprises a kiln body base, a mechanical transmission device, a kiln body combustor, a thermal desorption kiln body, a kiln body heat energy recovery device and the like. According to the invention, a three-stage high-treatment load kiln body is designed according to the difference of material properties, running tracks and desorption rules of soil particles in a thermal desorption roller: the feeding section adopts an S-shaped material guide plate, so that material accumulation can be prevented; the desorption section adopts the material raising plate with an inverted V-shaped structure, so that the materials can be uniformly raised and scattered at 30-270 ℃, the contact area and time of the soil and hot air are effectively increased, and hot holes or short flow of hot flue gas in the kiln is avoided; the ejection of compact section adopts "different Z" shape design lifting blade, can avoid raising upward to spill the combustion stability who influences flame, avoids producing a large amount of dust simultaneously. Through the design, the utilization rate of the internal space of the kiln body can be increased to more than 60% from the existing 20%, and the processing capacity of the desorption unit is greatly improved. The heat energy recovery device is positioned outside the kiln body and used for recovering heat loss (accounting for about 15-20% of input heat energy) on the surface of the high-temperature kiln body, and the heat energy utilization rate is improved by 5-10% after recovery.
In the embodiment of the invention, the environment-friendly discharging module has the following implementation modes and effects: after the soil is subjected to thermal desorption high-temperature treatment, the water content is extremely low, the temperature is high, and the subsequent conveying and transportation treatment of the soil are not convenient. The environment-friendly discharging module provided by the invention comprises an infrared temperature measuring device, a spiral conveying device, a spraying cooling device and a steam/dust collecting device. After the high-temperature soil enters the discharging system, the temperature of the soil is detected through an infrared temperature measuring device, and the amount of water for spraying and cooling is adjusted according to the feeding data; and spraying generated steam and dust, collecting through an extraction system, and performing dust removal treatment. The temperature of the soil after being cooled is lower than 100 ℃, and the water content is 15-20%. The cooling and humidifying processes are carried out in a closed spiral conveying device, so that dust emission and vapor unorganized diffusion are avoided.
In the embodiment of the invention, the energy-saving tail gas treatment module has the following implementation modes and effects: the tail gas treatment is one of the key links of the thermal desorption technology, and the current tail gas treatment of direct thermal desorption mainly adopts a secondary combustion treatment process. The invention adopts two processes to treat according to different organic waste gas treatment requirements. The first one adopts direct combustion process and mainly comprises a cyclone dust removal device, a secondary combustion device, a heat energy recovery device, a quenching device, a cloth bag dust removal device, a spraying deacidification device and a smoke whitening device; the heat energy required by the smoke whitening device is derived from heat energy recovery after secondary combustion, so that the visual pollution of white smoke is avoided, and the extra energy required by whitening is saved. The second one adopts a heat accumulating type or catalytic combustion/oxidation process and mainly comprises a cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device, a heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device and a spraying deacidification device; the process is characterized in that one or a group of cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device is adopted, and the problem of large dust amount of thermal desorption flue gas is effectively solvedThe dust amount after dust removal is 20-30mg/m 3 And the cyclone cloth bag integrated equipment is provided with a smoke auxiliary heating and adjusting cooling device, so that the smoke temperature is ensured to be 180-220 ℃, a foundation is provided for subsequent heat storage combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation, the tail gas treatment process is more diversified and concise, the energy consumption is reduced by more than 70% compared with a direct combustion process, and the tail gas treatment cost is greatly reduced.
In the embodiment of the invention, the intelligent control module has the following implementation modes and effects: at present, thermal desorption equipment only realizes field control and remote monitoring and does not have intelligent operation. The intelligent control module provided by the invention comprises various sensors such as temperature and pressure, a PLC control cabinet, a video monitor, an upper computer and control software system, a movable central control room and the like. The intelligent control system realizes that each device of thermal desorption is opened in sequence according to a preset starting program by monitoring the concentration of combustible gas in the thermal desorption and the working state of each device, valve, flowmeter and the like, and realizes the functions of one-key self-checking and starting. Meanwhile, an intelligent control system of the neural network is adopted, the optimal control parameters aiming at typical pollutants such as PAHs, TPH, VOCs and the like are formed through different working condition parameters, soil remediation effects and tail gas treatment effects of detection equipment and self-training learning, and then the trained neural network of the corresponding pollutants is only needed to be directly called for reuse, so that the 'fool' operation and intelligent operation of the equipment are realized, and the control requirements of a front-line worker are reduced.
The embodiment also provides an intelligent integrated efficient environment-friendly thermal desorption method, which comprises the following steps: the intelligent pretreatment feeding module carries out intelligent pretreatment and feeding on the polluted soil; the high-efficiency feeding module efficiently conveys the polluted soil to the high-load desorption module; the high-load desorption module is used for carrying out thermal desorption on the polluted soil and recovering the heat dissipated by the kiln body; the environment-friendly discharging module intelligently reduces the temperature and adjusts the water content of the discharged soil and collects dust fog; the energy-saving tail gas treatment module adopts an optimal process to treat tail gas according to the emission requirement; the intelligent control module monitors the operation condition parameters of the equipment and adopts a neural network intelligent control system to carry out autonomous training and learning, so that the optimal control parameters are formed, and the intelligent operation is realized.
The beneficial effects of the invention include: in the aspect of equipment, the invention has the advantages of modularization, high efficiency, energy saving, environmental protection and the like. In the aspect of modularization, all the systems of the invention are independent systems, so that the system is convenient to disassemble and assemble, and the assembling time is only 2-3 weeks. In the aspect of high efficiency, the functions of each module are optimally combined, and the respective effects are improved; the processing capacity is improved by more than 50% by the optimized design of the core desorption unit; in the aspect of energy saving, the energy-saving effect of the equipment is improved by about 10 percent, and the energy-saving effect is improved by more than 70 percent after the process optimization. In the intelligent thermal desorption device, the thermal desorption device is started by one key, and the intelligent neural network control system is established and trained, so that the 'fool' control operation for thermal desorption and restoration of typical pollutants is realized, and the control difficulty and the number of workers are reduced.
In summary, the above embodiments describe in detail different configurations of the modular energy-efficient and environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus, and it goes without saying that the present invention includes but is not limited to the configurations listed in the above embodiments, and any modifications based on the configurations provided in the above embodiments are within the scope of the present invention. One skilled in the art can take the content of the above embodiments to take the inverse three.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The above description is only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any variations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a thermal desorption equipment of energy-efficient environmental protection of modularization which characterized in that includes:
the first treatment device is configured to treat tail gas in a direct combustion mode and comprises a cyclone dust removal device, a secondary combustion device, a heat energy recovery device, a quenching device, a cloth bag dust removal device, a spraying acid removal device and a smoke whitening device; the heat energy required by the smoke whitening device is derived from heat energy recovery after secondary combustion, so that the additional energy required by whitening is saved while the visual pollution of white smoke is avoided;
the second treatment device is configured to treat tail gas in a heat accumulating or catalytic combustion/oxidation mode, comprises a cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device, a heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device and a spraying deacidification device, and adopts one or a group of cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal devices to prevent the thermal desorption of large dust in flue gas;
according to different treatment requirements of organic waste gas, two processes are adopted for treatment, including: the intelligent control system of the neural network is adopted, the optimal control parameters aiming at typical pollutants are formed through self-training and learning by detecting different working condition parameters, soil remediation effects and tail gas treatment effects of equipment, the trained neural network of the corresponding pollutants is directly called when the intelligent control system is used again, so that the 'fool' operation and intelligent operation of the equipment are realized, and the intelligent control system realizes the starting of a first treatment device or a second treatment device according to a preset starting program by monitoring the concentration of combustible gas in thermal desorption and the working states of each equipment, valve and flowmeter;
according to the material property, the operation track and the difference of desorption law of soil particles in the thermal desorption roller, a three-section high-treatment load kiln body is designed: the feeding section adopts an S-shaped material guide plate to prevent materials from being accumulated;
the desorption section adopts a material raising plate with an inverted V-shaped structure, so that the materials are uniformly raised and scattered at an angle of 30-270 ℃, the contact area and time of soil and hot air are effectively increased, and hot holes or short flow of hot flue gas in the kiln are avoided;
the ejection of compact section adopts "different Z" shape design lifting blade to avoid raising and spilling the combustion stability who influences flame, avoid producing a large amount of dust simultaneously.
2. The modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment as claimed in claim 1,
the cyclone dust removal device removes dust from waste gas in the thermal desorption kiln body;
the secondary combustion device carries out high-temperature combustion treatment on the tail gas subjected to dust removal;
the heat energy recovery device recovers and utilizes the heat energy generated by combustion of the heat energy recovery device;
the quenching device is used for rapidly cooling the tail gas after high-temperature combustion;
the cloth bag dust removal device further removes dust from the cooled tail gas;
the spraying deacidification device adopts an alkali liquor spraying mode to eliminate acid gas in the tail gas, and sprays and eliminates substances in the tail gas;
the flue gas white elimination device is used for heating the deacidified tail gas to eliminate white, and the heat energy required by the flue gas white elimination device is derived from heat energy recovery after secondary combustion of the tail gas;
the cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device is used for efficiently removing dust from tail gas;
the heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device carries out catalytic combustion/oxidation treatment on tail gas.
3. The modular energy-efficient and environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
the thermal desorption kiln body is the kiln body of drum-type, according to the material property of soil particle in the thermal desorption cylinder, the difference of orbit and desorption law, designs the thermal desorption kiln body of syllogic high treatment load, including feeding district section, thermal desorption district section and ejection of compact district section, wherein:
the S-shaped material guide plate is arranged on the feeding section and guides the material to the thermal desorption section to prevent the material from being accumulated;
the thermal desorption section is provided with an inverted V-shaped lifting plate, and the inverted V-shaped lifting plate uniformly lifts and scatters materials within the temperature range of 30-270 ℃, so that the contact area and time of soil and hot air are effectively increased, and a thermal cavity or short flow of hot flue gas in the kiln is avoided;
the discharging section is provided with a special Z-shaped lifting plate which is used for avoiding the influence of the spreading of materials on the stability of flame of a burner and reducing the generation of dust;
the heat energy recovery device is positioned outside the thermal desorption kiln body and used for recovering heat loss on the surface of the high-temperature kiln body.
4. The modular energy-efficient and environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
the roller type active screening and crushing device screens and crushes the polluted soil through the sawtooth type roller to remove gravels or construction wastes in the soil and form a soil material with a fine and uniform particle size;
the soil conditioner preparation and quantitative dosing device detects the water content of soil through a water content detector, a soil water content detection result is transmitted to the quantitative dosing device, the relation between the water content and the dosing proportion is set in the quantitative dosing device, the soil conditioner is prepared and the quantitative dosing is carried out, and the water content of materials is controlled to be below 15%;
selecting the types and the adding proportion of a roller with different types of crushing teeth and a soil conditioner in a roller type active screening and crushing device, and performing targeted modification on soil from different sources to form loose materials with uniform particles and controlled water content below 15%, so that wall sticking and material blocking of a feeding system are avoided;
the electromagnetic iron removal device removes metal impurities in the soil through electromagnetic force attraction, and avoids damage to various subsequent equipment;
the impact-resistant apron conveying uniform feeding device has high impact resistance, can bear the impact of 3-5t of soil weight at one time, is stable and reliable, avoids uneven feeding and improves the feeding speed;
the material weighing device is used for measuring the weight of soil materials on the impact-resistant apron in real time and controlling the roller type active screening and crushing device to discharge materials in a linkage manner, so that the feeding of thermal desorption is ensured to be uniform, stable and accurate;
and the monitoring device is linked with the operating condition parameters of the rear-end high-load desorption module, so that the feeding speed is accelerated or slowed down, and the coordination of the front and rear operations is ensured.
5. The modular energy-efficient environmental-friendly thermal desorption apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
the closed screw conveyor is arranged between the dust outlet of the cyclone dust removal device and the feed inlet of the dust-soil mixed feeding device, collects and conveys the dust discharged by the cyclone dust removal device to the dust-soil mixed feeding device in a closed manner, and avoids dust pollution;
the dust-soil mixing feeding device mixes and stirs the dust discharged by the cyclone dust removal device and the feeding soil, and then conveys the mixture to the high-load desorption module for restoration, so that the feeding efficiency is improved by more than 10%;
the lower end of the cyclone dust removal device is provided with a closed spiral conveyor, collected dust is conveyed into a thermal desorption feeding spiral, and after being stirred and mixed with polluted soil, the dust enters a thermal desorption system again for repair treatment, so that secondary pollution is avoided;
through mixing dry dust and moist soil, avoid soil bonding at thermal desorption cylinder feed end, prevent the putty.
6. The modular energy-efficient environmental-friendly thermal desorption apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
the infrared temperature measuring device is used for detecting the temperature of the discharged soil after thermal desorption in real time;
the spiral conveying device is used for conveying the discharged soil subjected to heat desorption to the discharging bin;
the spraying cooling device is used for intelligently cooling and adjusting the water content according to the temperature of the discharged soil after thermal desorption, setting the relation between the temperature and the spraying amount, and spraying the discharged soil, wherein the water content reaches 15-20% when the temperature of the sprayed soil is lower than 100 ℃;
the steam/dust collecting device is used for extracting and collecting steam and dust generated after the soil material is sprayed, so that the unorganized diffusion of the raised dust and the steam is avoided;
after the high-temperature soil enters the discharging system, the temperature of the soil is detected through an infrared temperature measuring device, and the amount of water for spraying and cooling is adjusted according to the feeding data;
spraying generated steam and dust, collecting through an extraction system, and performing dust removal treatment;
the temperature of the soil after being cooled is lower than 100 ℃, and the water content is 15-20%;
the cooling and humidifying processes are carried out in a closed spiral conveying device, so that dust emission and vapor unorganized diffusion are avoided.
7. The modular energy-efficient environmental-friendly thermal desorption apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
the intelligent control system realizes that each device of thermal desorption is sequentially started according to a preset starting program by monitoring the concentration of combustible gas in the thermal desorption and the working states of each device, each valve and each flowmeter, and realizes the functions of one-key self-checking and starting;
meanwhile, an intelligent control system of the neural network is adopted, the optimal control parameters for typical pollutants are formed through different working condition parameters, soil remediation effects and tail gas treatment effects of the detection equipment and self-training learning, the trained neural network of the corresponding pollutants is directly called when the detection equipment is used again, so that the 'fool' operation and intelligent operation of the equipment are realized, and the manual control requirements are reduced.
8. The modular energy-efficient environmental-friendly thermal desorption apparatus of claim 7, further comprising:
the PLC control cabinet sequentially starts each module in the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment according to a preset starting program to realize one-key self-checking and starting functions;
the upper computer and the control software system are used for monitoring whether each module in the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment works normally or not according to the program running condition of the PLC control cabinet and the working state and parameters acquired by the parameter acquisition device, and otherwise, generating an alarm signal;
video monitoring, namely acquiring picture signals of each module in the modularized high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and transmitting the picture signals to a movable central control room;
the neural network system is used for autonomously training and learning by detecting working condition parameters, soil remediation effects and tail gas treatment effects of the modular high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment to form optimal control parameters for typical pollutants, and then directly calling related optimal control parameters;
the movable central control room is used as an operation room of an operator;
monitoring data and images of the central control room are transmitted to a company headquarter and managers or professional technical staff mobile phone terminals at different levels through the Internet of things, so that remote monitoring and hierarchical management are realized.
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| CN104226681B (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-08-17 | 杭州大地环保工程有限公司 | A kind of persistent organism contaminated soil indirect thermal desorption disposal plant and method |
| CN104501187A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-08 | 德州奥深节能环保技术有限公司 | Intermittently discharged organic waste gas gathering and processing method |
| CN107116095A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-01 | 广西博世科环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of thermal desorption system and its processing method for handling organic polluted soil |
| CN108237143B (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2020-05-19 | 鸿灌环境技术有限公司 | Low-energy consumption organic contaminated soil ex-situ thermal desorption process |
| CN209337735U (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-09-03 | 中科鼎实环境工程有限公司 | Modularization thermal desorption equipment |
| CN109595573A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-09 | 江苏恒神股份有限公司 | A kind of exhaust treatment system containing hydrogen cyanide |
| HRP20211101A1 (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2022-11-11 | Business Growth S.A. | Mobile plant for treatment of polluted soils |
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