CN112536318B - Intelligent integrated efficient environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and method - Google Patents
Intelligent integrated efficient environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112536318B CN112536318B CN202011310668.8A CN202011310668A CN112536318B CN 112536318 B CN112536318 B CN 112536318B CN 202011310668 A CN202011310668 A CN 202011310668A CN 112536318 B CN112536318 B CN 112536318B
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Abstract
The invention provides intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and a method, which comprise the following steps: the intelligent pretreatment feeding module is used for intelligently pretreating and feeding the polluted soil; the efficient feeding module is used for efficiently conveying the polluted soil and dust discharged by the cyclone dust collector to the high-load desorption module; the high-load desorption module is used for carrying out thermal desorption on the polluted soil and recovering the heat radiation of the kiln body; the environment-friendly discharging module is used for cooling the discharged soil, adjusting the water content and collecting dust fog; the energy-saving tail gas treatment module is used for treating tail gas by adopting an optimal process according to the emission requirement; and the intelligent control module is used for monitoring the operation condition parameters of the equipment and performing autonomous training and learning by adopting a neural network intelligent control system to form optimal control parameters and realize intelligent operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ex-situ thermal desorption, in particular to intelligent integrated efficient environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and method.
Background
With the adjustment of the industrial structure, the high-pollution enterprises such as a large number of pesticide plants, steel plants, chemical plants and oil refineries in China are gradually shut down and transferred or moved, and a large amount of pesticide is used in agriculture and oil is discharged due to accidents in the oil industry, so that a large amount of residual high-pollution organic matter polluted soil is generated, and urgent need to be repaired.
The ex-situ thermal desorption is a mature and reliable technology for treating the organic matter contaminated soil, and is one of the most widely applied technologies for repairing organic matter contaminated sites. The heterotopic thermal desorption technology has good adaptability to different organic pollutant types and concentrations, and meanwhile, the remediation speed is high, and the period is short. The principle of the method is that the polluted soil is heated to a temperature higher than the boiling point of the target pollutant, so that the target pollutant is volatilized from the soil, the soil is evolved, and volatilized polluted waste gas is eliminated or concentrated and collected by a tail gas treatment system. The remediation technology can remove a plurality of organic pollutants such as volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds and heavy metal mercury in the polluted soil, and the removal rate of the pollutants can reach more than 99 percent at most.
At present, domestic heterotopic thermal desorption technology and equipment have certain defects, which are specifically shown as follows: firstly, the ex-situ thermal desorption tail gas treatment mainly adopts the traditional secondary combustion process, and the energy consumption is high; secondly, the integration level of the equipment is low, and the functions of all modules are single; thirdly, the structural design of the thermal desorption core equipment is unreasonable, so that the processing capacity and the repair efficiency are low; fourthly, the intelligent level is low, the requirement on operators is high, and the operation difficulty is high; and fifthly, secondary pollution prevention and control are weak, and environmental risks exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and a method, and aims to solve the problems of modularization and low integration level of the conventional thermal desorption equipment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption device, which comprises:
the intelligent pretreatment feeding module is used for intelligently pretreating and feeding the polluted soil;
the efficient feeding module is used for efficiently conveying the polluted soil and dust discharged by the cyclone dust collector to the high-load desorption module;
and the high-load desorption module is used for carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the polluted soil and recovering the heat dissipation of the kiln body.
The environment-friendly discharging module is used for cooling the discharged soil, adjusting the water content and collecting dust fog in the discharging process;
the energy-saving tail gas treatment module adopts two tail gas treatment processes, and the two tail gas treatment processes are selected and determined according to the type and the emission requirement of pollutants.
And the intelligent control module is used for monitoring the operation condition parameters of the equipment and performing autonomous training and learning by adopting a neural network intelligent control system to form optimal control parameters.
Optionally, in the intelligent integrated efficient environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus, the intelligent pretreatment feeding module includes:
the roller type active screening and crushing device screens and crushes the polluted soil through the sawtooth roller to remove gravels or construction wastes in the soil and form soil materials with finer and more uniform particle sizes.
Soil conditioner configuration and quantitative dosing device detects soil moisture content through moisture content detector, sets up the relation between moisture content and the proportion of adding medicine in the quantitative dosing device, and moisture content testing result conveys quantitative dosing device, and quantitative dosing device configuration soil conditioner carries out the ration and doses. Controlling the water content of the material below 15%.
The electromagnetic iron removing device removes metal impurities such as iron blocks, steel bars and the like in soil through electromagnetic force attraction, and avoids damage to various subsequent equipment
The impact-resistant apron conveying uniform feeding device has high impact resistance, can bear the impact of 3-5t of soil weight at one time, is stable and reliable, can avoid the problem of uneven feeding, and greatly improves the feeding speed.
The material weighing device can be used for controlling the roller type active screening and crushing device to discharge materials by measuring the weight of soil materials on the anti-impact apron in real time, and can ensure that the thermal desorption feeding is uniform, stable and accurate.
And the monitoring device is linked with the operating condition parameters of the rear-end high-load desorption module, so that the feeding speed is accelerated or slowed down, and the coordination of the front and rear operations is ensured.
Optionally, in the intelligent integrated efficient environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus, the efficient feeding module includes:
the closed screw conveyor is arranged between the dust outlet of the cyclone dust collector and the feed inlet of the dust-soil mixed feeding device, collects and hermetically conveys dust (accounting for more than 10% of the feed amount) discharged by the cyclone dust collector to the dust-soil mixed feeding device, and does not generate dust pollution.
The dust-soil mixing and feeding device mixes and stirs dust discharged by the cyclone dust collector and feeding soil, and then conveys the mixed dust to the high-load desorption module for repair, so that the feeding efficiency can be improved by more than 10%.
Optionally, in the intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus, the high-load desorption module includes:
and the thermal desorption kiln body is used for carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the soil material.
The kiln body base is used for supporting the thermal desorption kiln body.
And the mechanical transmission device is used for mechanically rotating the thermal desorption kiln body.
The combustor is a device for heating the thermal desorption kiln body and the polluted soil.
The heat energy recovery device is positioned outside the kiln body and used for recovering heat loss (accounting for about 15-20% of input heat energy) on the surface of the high-temperature kiln body, and the utilization rate of the recovered heat energy is improved by 5-10%.
Optionally, in the intelligent integrated high-efficient environmental protection thermal desorption equipment, the thermal desorption kiln body is a drum-type kiln body, including feeding section, thermal desorption section and ejection of compact section, wherein:
the feeding section is provided with an S-shaped material guide plate, and the S-shaped material guide plate guides the material to the thermal desorption section to prevent the material from being accumulated;
the thermal desorption section is provided with an inverted V-shaped lifting plate which uniformly lifts and scatters the materials within the temperature range of 30-270 degrees, so that the contact area and time of the soil and the hot air are effectively increased, and
the ejection of compact district section sets up "different Z" shape lifting blade, "different Z" shape lifting blade is used for avoiding the material poplar to spill the stability that influences combustor flame, the production of reducible dust simultaneously.
Optionally, in the intelligent integrated high-efficient environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment, the environment-friendly discharge module includes:
and the infrared temperature measuring device is used for detecting the temperature of the discharged soil after thermal desorption in real time.
The spiral conveying device is used for conveying the discharged soil after heat desorption to the discharging bin.
And the spraying cooling device is used for intelligently cooling and adjusting the water content according to the temperature of the discharged soil after thermal desorption, setting the relation between the temperature and the spraying amount, spraying the discharged soil, and controlling the water content to reach 15-20% when the temperature of the sprayed soil is lower than 100 ℃.
The steam/dust collecting device is used for extracting and collecting steam and dust generated after soil materials are sprayed, and dust flying and steam unorganized diffusion are avoided.
Optionally, in the intelligent integrated high-efficient environmental-friendly thermal desorption device, the energy-saving tail gas treatment module includes:
the first treatment device is used for treating tail gas in a direct combustion mode;
the second treatment device is used for treating tail gas in a heat accumulating type or catalytic combustion/oxidation mode;
in the high-efficient environmental protection thermal desorption equipment of intelligent integrated form, first processing apparatus includes cyclone dust collector, secondary combustion device, tail gas heat recovery unit, rapid cooling device, sack dust collector, sprays deacidification device, flue gas and disappears white device, wherein: the cyclone dust collector removes dust from waste gas in the thermal desorption kiln body, the secondary combustion device carries out high-temperature combustion treatment on the tail gas after dust removal, the tail gas heat energy recovery device recovers and utilizes heat energy generated after combustion of the tail gas, the quenching device rapidly cools the tail gas after high-temperature combustion, the cloth bag dust removal device further removes dust from the cooled tail gas, the spraying and acid removal device adopts an alkali liquor spraying mode to remove acid gas in the tail gas, and the flue gas whitening device carries out heating and whitening treatment on the tail gas after deacidification; and
the heat energy required by the smoke and white elimination device is derived from heat energy recovery after secondary combustion of tail gas.
The second treatment device comprises a cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device, a heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device and a spraying deacidification device, wherein: the cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device can efficiently remove dust from tail gas, and the dust amount after dust removal is 20-30mg/m3. The heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device carries out catalytic combustion/oxidation treatment on the tail gas, and the spraying deacidification device carries out spraying elimination on substances in the tail gas.
The parameter acquisition device is used for acquiring sensor data of temperature, pressure, concentration, flow, quality and the like of each process link and acquiring data of various instruments of equipment states, valves, rotating speeds and the like of each module.
The PLC control cabinet sequentially starts each module in the intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment according to a preset starting program, and one-key self-checking and starting functions are realized.
The upper computer and the control software system are used for monitoring whether each module in the intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment works normally or not according to the program running condition of the PLC control cabinet and the working state and parameters acquired by the parameter acquisition device, and otherwise, generating an alarm signal;
video monitoring, namely acquiring picture signals of each module in intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and transmitting the picture signals to a movable central control room;
the neural network system is used for self-training and learning by detecting working condition parameters, soil remediation effects and tail gas treatment effects of intelligent integrated efficient environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment to form optimal control parameters aiming at typical pollutants such as PAHs, TPH, VOCs and the like, and related optimal control parameters can be directly called in subsequent work.
The movable central control room is an operation room of an operator; monitoring data and images of the central control room are transmitted to a company headquarter and/or managers or professional technical staff mobile phone terminals at different levels through the Internet of things, so that remote monitoring and hierarchical management are realized.
The invention also provides an intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption method, which comprises the following steps:
the intelligent pretreatment feeding module carries out intelligent pretreatment and feeding on the polluted soil;
the high-efficiency feeding module efficiently conveys the polluted soil to the high-load desorption module;
the high-load desorption module is used for carrying out thermal desorption on the polluted soil and recovering the heat dissipated by the kiln body;
the environment-friendly discharging module cools the discharged soil, adjusts the water content and collects dust fog;
the energy-saving tail gas treatment module is used for treating tail gas by adopting an optimal process;
the intelligent control module monitors the operation condition parameters of the equipment and adopts a neural network intelligent control system to carry out autonomous training and learning, so that the optimal control parameters are formed, and the intelligent operation is realized.
According to the intelligent integrated environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and the method, the intelligent pretreatment and feeding are performed on the polluted soil through the intelligent pretreatment feeding module, the high-efficiency feeding module efficiently conveys the polluted soil to the high-load desorption module, the high-load desorption module performs thermal desorption on the polluted soil and recovers heat dissipation of a kiln body, the environment-friendly discharging module intelligently reduces the temperature and adjusts the water content of the discharged soil and collects dust mist, the energy-saving tail gas treatment module treats tail gas, close matching of the modules is achieved, thermal desorption reaction efficiency of materials is higher, integration level of the modules of the thermal desorption equipment is higher, and modularization of the whole system is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent integrated efficient environment-friendly thermal desorption device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The intelligent integrated efficient environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and method provided by the invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.
Furthermore, features from different embodiments of the invention may be combined with each other, unless otherwise indicated. For example, a feature of the second embodiment may be substituted for a corresponding or functionally equivalent or similar feature of the first embodiment, and the resulting embodiments are likewise within the scope of the disclosure or recitation of the present application.
The core idea of the invention is to provide intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and a method thereof, so as to solve the problems of high energy consumption and low heat energy utilization rate of the existing thermal desorption equipment.
The core idea of the invention is to provide intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and method, so as to solve the problems of low modularization and integration level, single function of each module and inconvenient disassembly, assembly and transportation of the existing thermal desorption equipment.
The core idea of the invention is to provide intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and method, so as to solve the problem of low processing capacity and repair efficiency caused by unreasonable structural design of the existing thermal desorption core equipment.
The core idea of the invention is to provide intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and method, so as to solve the problems of low intelligent level and high control difficulty of the existing thermal desorption equipment.
The core idea of the invention is to provide intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and method, so as to solve the problem of insufficient prevention and control of secondary pollution of the existing thermal desorption equipment.
In order to realize the idea, the invention provides intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment and a method, as shown in fig. 1, the equipment comprises: the intelligent pretreatment feeding module 1 is used for pretreating polluted soil to form a material before feeding; the high-efficiency feeding module 2 conveys the materials before feeding to the high-load desorption module; the high-load desorption module 3 carries out thermal desorption reaction on the materials; the environment-friendly discharging module 4 carries out harmless post-treatment on the materials after the thermal desorption reaction; the energy-saving tail gas treatment module 5 carries out innocent treatment on tail gas generated after the thermal desorption reaction of the material; and the intelligent control module 6 automatically controls the operation of the intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption equipment.
Aiming at the problems of low processing capacity, high operation energy consumption, secondary pollution prevention and control level, low intelligent water content and the like of the existing domestic thermal desorption equipment, the invention optimizes the thermal desorption technology in the aspects of process, core equipment design, equipment integration, a control system and the like, and provides an intelligent integrated environment-friendly thermal desorption method and equipment, wherein the whole set of thermal desorption equipment consists of main modules such as an intelligent pretreatment feeding module 1, a high-efficiency feeding module 2, a high-load desorption module 3, an environment-friendly discharging module 4, an energy-saving tail gas processing module 5 and an intelligent control module 6.
In the embodiment of the invention, the intelligent pretreatment feeding module comprises a roller type active screening and crushing device, a soil conditioner configuration and dosing device, an electromagnetic iron removal device, an impact-resistant apron conveying and uniform feeding device, a material weighing device, a monitoring device and the like. By selecting the types and the adding proportion of the rolling shafts with different types of crushing teeth and the soil conditioner in the active screening and crushing device, the soil from different sources can be modified in a targeted manner, and finally, loose materials with uniform particles and controlled water content below 15% are formed, so that the problems of wall sticking, material blocking and the like of a feeding system are effectively solved; the electromagnetic iron removal device can effectively remove metal impurities such as iron blocks, steel bars and the like frequently existing in the polluted soil, and damage to various subsequent equipment is avoided; the impact-resistant uniform feeding device for conveying the apron has high impact resistance, can bear the impact of 3-5t of soil weight at one time, is stable and reliable, can avoid the problem of uneven feeding, and greatly improves the feeding speed. The material weighing device can ensure that the thermal desorption feeding is uniform, stable and accurate; the monitoring device is linked with working condition parameters of rear-end thermal desorption operation, so that the feeding speed is accelerated or slowed down, and the coordination of front and rear operation is ensured.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the high efficiency feeding module has the following embodiments and effects: dust accounting for about 10-15% of the feeding amount is intercepted by the cyclone dust collector in the thermal desorption operation process, so that the dust is separated from a soil treatment system, and the feeding efficiency is directly reduced by 10-15%. The dust intercepted by the cyclone dust collector needs to enter the rotary kiln again for repair treatment, and the dust is easy to fly in the transferring process, so that secondary pollution is generated. The high-efficiency feeding module provided by the invention comprises a closed screw conveyor and a dust-soil mixed feeding device. The lower end of the cyclone dust collector adopts a closed screw conveyor, collected dust is conveyed into a thermal desorption feeding screw and is stirred and mixed with polluted soil, and then the dust enters a thermal desorption system again for repair treatment, so that secondary pollution is avoided, and meanwhile, dry dust and moist soil are mixed, so that the soil can be effectively prevented from being bonded at the feeding end of a thermal desorption roller, and material blockage is prevented; the feeding efficiency can be improved by more than 10%.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the high-load desorption module has the following embodiments and effects: after the polluted soil enters the reverse drum-type thermal desorption equipment, the polluted soil is subjected to different thermal desorption sections such as a feeding section, a desorption section and a discharging section, and the physical properties of the soil in the different sections are obviously different. The high-load desorption module provided by the invention comprises a kiln body base, a mechanical transmission device, a kiln body combustor, a thermal desorption kiln body, a kiln body heat energy recovery device and the like. According to the invention, a three-section high-treatment load kiln body is designed according to the difference of material properties, running tracks and desorption rules of soil particles in a thermal desorption roller: the feeding section adopts an S-shaped material guide plate, so that material accumulation can be prevented; the desorption section adopts the material raising plate with an inverted V-shaped structure, so that the materials can be uniformly raised and scattered at 30-270 ℃, the contact area and time of the soil and hot air are effectively increased, and hot holes or short flow of hot flue gas in the kiln is avoided; the ejection of compact section adopts "different Z" shape design lifting blade, can avoid raising upward to spill the combustion stability who influences flame, avoids producing a large amount of dust simultaneously. Through the design, the utilization rate of the internal space of the kiln body can be improved to more than 60% from the existing 20%, and the processing capacity of the desorption unit is greatly improved. The heat energy recovery device is positioned outside the kiln body and used for recovering heat loss (accounting for about 15-20% of input heat energy) on the surface of the high-temperature kiln body, and the heat energy utilization rate is improved by 5-10% after recovery.
In the embodiment of the invention, the environment-friendly discharging module has the following implementation modes and effects: after the soil is subjected to thermal desorption and high-temperature treatment, the water content is extremely low, the temperature is high, and the subsequent conveying and transportation treatment of the soil are not facilitated. The environment-friendly discharging module provided by the invention comprises an infrared temperature measuring device, a spiral conveying device, a spraying cooling device and a steam/dust collecting device. After the high-temperature soil enters the discharging system, the temperature of the soil is detected through an infrared temperature measuring device, and the amount of water for spraying and cooling is adjusted according to the feeding data; and spraying generated steam and dust, collecting through an extraction system, and performing dust removal treatment. The temperature of the soil after being cooled is lower than 100 ℃, and the water content is 15-20%. The cooling and humidifying processes are carried out in a closed screw conveyor, so that dust emission and vapor unorganized diffusion are avoided.
In the embodiment of the invention, the energy-saving tail gas treatment module has the following implementation modes and effects: the tail gas treatment is one of the key links of the thermal desorption technology, and the current tail gas treatment of direct thermal desorption mainly adopts a secondary combustion treatment process. The invention adopts two processes to treat the organic waste gas according to different treatment requirements. The first one adopts direct combustion process and mainly comprises a cyclone dust removal device, a secondary combustion device, a heat energy recovery device, a quenching device, a cloth bag dust removal device, a spraying deacidification device and a flue gas whitening device; the heat energy required by the smoke whitening device is derived from heat energy recovery after secondary combustion, so that the visual pollution of white smoke is avoided, and the extra energy required by whitening is saved. The second one adopts a heat accumulating type or catalytic combustion/oxidation process and mainly comprises a cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device, a heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device and a spraying deacidification device; the process is characterized in that one or a group of cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal devices are adopted, the problem of large dust amount of thermal desorption flue gas is effectively solved, and the dust amount after dust removal is 20-30mg/m3And the cyclone cloth bag integrated equipment is provided with a smoke auxiliary heating and adjusting cooling device to ensure that the temperature of the smoke is between 180 ℃ and 220 ℃ for heat storage combustion or subsequent heat storage combustionThe catalytic combustion/oxidation provides a foundation, so that the tail gas treatment process is more diversified and concise, compared with a direct combustion process, the energy consumption is reduced by more than 70%, and the tail gas treatment cost is greatly reduced. In the embodiment of the invention, the intelligent control module has the following implementation modes and effects: at present, thermal desorption equipment only realizes field control and remote monitoring and does not have intelligent operation. The intelligent control module provided by the invention comprises various sensors such as temperature and pressure, a PLC control cabinet, a video monitoring system, an upper computer, a control software system, a movable central control room and the like. The intelligent control system realizes that each device of thermal desorption is opened in sequence according to a preset starting program by monitoring the concentration of combustible gas in the thermal desorption and the working state of each device, valve, flowmeter and the like, and realizes the functions of one-key self-checking and starting. Meanwhile, an intelligent control system of the neural network is adopted, the optimal control parameters aiming at typical pollutants such as PAHs, TPH, VOCs and the like are formed by self-training and learning through different working condition parameters, soil remediation effects and tail gas treatment effects of detection equipment, and then the trained neural network of the corresponding pollutants is directly called for reuse, so that the 'fool' operation and intelligent operation of the equipment are realized, and the control requirements of a front-line worker are reduced.
The embodiment also provides an intelligent integrated efficient environment-friendly thermal desorption method, which comprises the following steps: the intelligent pretreatment feeding module carries out intelligent pretreatment and feeding on the polluted soil; the high-efficiency feeding module efficiently conveys the polluted soil to the high-load desorption module; the high-load desorption module is used for carrying out thermal desorption on the polluted soil and recovering the heat dissipated by the kiln body; the environment-friendly discharging module intelligently reduces the temperature and adjusts the water content of the discharged soil and collects dust fog; the energy-saving tail gas treatment module adopts an optimal process to treat tail gas according to the emission requirement; the intelligent control module monitors the operation condition parameters of the equipment and adopts a neural network intelligent control system to carry out autonomous training and learning, so that the optimal control parameters are formed, and the intelligent operation is realized.
The beneficial effects of the invention include: in the aspect of equipment, the invention has the advantages of modularization, high efficiency, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like. In the aspect of modularization, all the systems are independent systems, the disassembly and the assembly are convenient, and the assembly time is only 2-3 weeks. In the aspect of high efficiency, the functions of each module are optimally combined, and the respective effects are improved; the processing capacity is improved by more than 50% by the optimized design of the core desorption unit; in the aspect of energy saving, the energy saving effect is improved by about 10% through equipment, and the energy saving effect is improved by more than 70% after process optimization. In the intelligent invention, the thermal desorption equipment is started by one key, and the intelligent neural network control system is established and trained, so that the 'fool' control operation aiming at the thermal desorption repair of typical pollutants is realized, and the control difficulty and the number of workers are reduced.
In summary, the above embodiments describe in detail different configurations of the intelligent integrated efficient and environmentally friendly thermal desorption apparatus and method, and it is understood that the present invention includes but is not limited to the configurations listed in the above embodiments, and any modifications based on the configurations provided by the above embodiments are within the scope of the present invention. One skilled in the art can take the contents of the above embodiments to take a counter-measure.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The above description is only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any variations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a high-efficient environmental protection thermal desorption equipment of intelligent integrated form which characterized in that includes:
the intelligent pretreatment feeding module is used for intelligently pretreating and feeding the polluted soil;
the efficient feeding module is used for efficiently conveying the polluted soil and the dust discharged by the cyclone dust collector to the high-load desorption module;
the high-load desorption module is used for carrying out thermal desorption on the polluted soil and recovering the heat radiation of the kiln body;
the environment-friendly discharging module is used for intelligently cooling the discharged soil, adjusting the water content and collecting dust fog;
the energy-saving tail gas treatment module is used for treating tail gas in a direct combustion or heat accumulation or catalytic combustion/oxidation mode;
the intelligent control module is used for monitoring the operating condition parameters of the equipment and performing autonomous training and learning by adopting a neural network intelligent control system to form optimal control parameters so as to realize intelligent operation;
according to the material property, the operation track and the difference of desorption law of soil particles in the thermal desorption roller, a three-section high-treatment load kiln body is designed: the feeding section adopts an S-shaped material guide plate to prevent materials from being accumulated;
the desorption section adopts a material raising plate with an inverted V-shaped structure, so that the materials are uniformly raised and scattered at an angle of 30-270 ℃, the contact area and time of soil and hot air are effectively increased, and hot holes or short flow of hot flue gas in the kiln are avoided;
the discharging section adopts a lifting plate with a Z-shaped design so as to avoid influencing the combustion stability of flame by lifting and scattering and avoid generating a large amount of dust;
two processes are adopted for treatment according to different treatment requirements of organic waste gas, wherein the first process adopts a direct combustion process and comprises a cyclone dust removal device, a secondary combustion device, a heat energy recovery device, a quenching device, a cloth bag dust removal device, a spraying deacidification device and a flue gas whitening device; the heat energy required by the smoke whitening device is derived from heat energy recovery after secondary combustion, so that the additional energy required by whitening is saved while the visual pollution of white smoke is avoided;
the second one adopts heat accumulating type or catalytic combustion/oxidation process, which comprises a cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device, a heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device and a spraying deacidification device, and adopts one or a group of cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal devices to prevent the large amount of thermal desorption smoke dust.
2. The intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent pretreatment feeding module comprises:
the roller type active screening and crushing device screens and crushes the polluted soil through the sawtooth roller to remove gravels or construction wastes in the soil and form a soil material with finer and more uniform particle size;
the soil conditioner preparation and quantitative dosing device detects the water content of soil through the water content detector, the relation between the water content and the dosing proportion is set in the quantitative dosing device, the water content detection result is transmitted to the quantitative dosing device, and the quantitative dosing device prepares the soil conditioner and carries out quantitative dosing; controlling the water content of the material to be below 15%;
the electromagnetic iron removal device removes metal impurities of iron blocks and steel bars in soil through electromagnetic force attraction, and avoids damage to various subsequent equipment;
the impact-resistant apron conveying uniform feeding device has impact resistance, and can bear the impact of 3-5t of soil weight at one time, so that the feeding process is cheaper and more efficient;
the material weighing device is used for measuring the weight of soil materials on the impact-resistant apron in real time and controlling the roller type active screening and crushing device in a linkage manner to discharge materials, so that the uniform, stable and accurate feeding of thermal desorption is ensured;
and the monitoring device is linked with the operating condition parameters of the rear-end high-load desorption module, so that the feeding speed is accelerated or slowed down, and the coordination of the front and rear operations is ensured.
3. The intelligent integrated high-efficiency environmentally friendly thermal desorption apparatus of claim 1, wherein the high-efficiency feed module comprises:
the closed screw conveyor is arranged between the dust outlet of the cyclone dust collector and the feed inlet of the dust-soil mixed feeding device, collects the dust discharged by the cyclone dust collector and conveys the dust to the dust-soil mixed feeding device in a closed manner;
the dust-soil mixing feeding device mixes and stirs the dust discharged by the cyclone dust collector and the feeding soil, and then conveys the dust to the high-load desorption module for restoration.
4. The intelligent integrated high-efficiency environmentally-friendly thermal desorption apparatus of claim 1, wherein the high-load desorption module comprises:
the thermal desorption kiln body is used for carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the soil material;
the kiln body base is used for supporting the thermal desorption kiln body;
the mechanical transmission device is used for mechanically rotating the thermal desorption kiln body;
the combustor is a device for heating the thermal desorption kiln body and the polluted soil;
the kiln body heat energy recovery device is positioned outside the kiln body and used for recovering heat loss on the surface of the high-temperature kiln body, and the heat loss accounts for 15-20% of input heat energy.
5. The intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the environment-friendly discharge module comprises:
the infrared temperature measuring device is used for detecting the temperature of the discharged soil after thermal desorption in real time;
the spiral conveying device is used for conveying the discharged soil subjected to heat desorption to the discharging bin;
the spraying cooling device is used for cooling and adjusting the water content according to the temperature of the discharged soil after thermal desorption, setting the relation between the temperature and the spraying amount, spraying the discharged soil, and enabling the water content to reach 15-20% when the temperature of the sprayed soil is lower than 100 ℃;
the steam/dust collecting device is used for extracting and collecting steam and dust generated after soil materials are sprayed, and dust flying and steam unorganized diffusion are avoided.
6. The intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the energy-saving tail gas treatment module comprises:
the first treatment device is used for treating tail gas in a direct combustion mode;
the second treatment device is used for treating tail gas in a heat accumulating type or catalytic combustion/oxidation mode.
7. The intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption device according to claim 6,
first processing apparatus includes cyclone dust collector, afterburning device, tail gas heat recovery unit, rapid cooling device, sack dust collector, sprays deacidification device, flue gas white device that disappears, wherein: the cyclone dust collector removes dust from waste gas in the thermal desorption kiln body, the secondary combustion device carries out high-temperature combustion treatment on the tail gas after dust removal, the tail gas heat energy recovery device recovers and utilizes heat energy generated after combustion of the tail gas, the quenching device rapidly cools the tail gas after high-temperature combustion, the cloth bag dust removal device further removes dust from the cooled tail gas, the spraying and acid removal device adopts an alkali liquor spraying mode to remove acid gas in the tail gas, and the flue gas whitening device carries out heating and whitening treatment on the tail gas after deacidification; and
the heat energy required by the flue gas white elimination device is derived from heat energy recovery after tail gas secondary combustion;
the second treatment device comprises a cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device, a heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device and a spraying deacidification device, wherein: the cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device can efficiently remove dust from tail gas, and the dust amount after dust removal is 20-30mg/m3(ii) a The heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device carries out catalytic combustion/oxidation treatment on the tail gas, and the spraying deacidification device carries out spraying elimination on substances in the tail gas;
the cyclone cloth bag integrated equipment is provided with a smoke auxiliary heating and adjusting cooling device, so that the smoke temperature is ensured to be between 180 ℃ and 220 ℃.
8. The intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the intelligent control module comprises:
the parameter acquisition device is used for acquiring the data of temperature, pressure, concentration, flow and quality sensors of each process link and acquiring the data of equipment states, valves and rotating speed instruments of each module;
the PLC control cabinet sequentially starts each module in the intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption process and equipment according to a preset starting program to realize one-key self-checking and starting functions;
the upper computer and the control software system are used for monitoring whether each module in the intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption process and equipment works normally or not according to the program running condition of the PLC control cabinet and the working state and parameters acquired by the parameter acquisition device, and otherwise, generating an alarm signal;
video monitoring, namely acquiring picture signals of each module in an intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption process and equipment and transmitting the picture signals to a movable central control room;
the neural network system is used for self-training and learning by detecting working condition parameters, soil remediation effects and tail gas treatment effects of the intelligent integrated efficient environment-friendly thermal desorption process and equipment to form optimal control parameters aiming at PAHs, TPH and VOCs typical pollutants, and related optimal control parameters can be directly called in subsequent work to realize intelligent operation;
the movable central control room is an operation room of an operator; monitoring data and images of the central control room are transmitted to a company headquarter and managers or professional technical staff mobile phone terminals at different levels through the Internet of things, so that remote monitoring and hierarchical management are realized.
9. The thermal desorption method of the intelligent integrated high-efficiency environment-friendly thermal desorption device as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
the intelligent pretreatment feeding module carries out intelligent pretreatment and feeding on the polluted soil;
the high-efficiency feeding module efficiently conveys the polluted soil to the high-load desorption module;
the high-load desorption module is used for carrying out thermal desorption on the polluted soil and recovering the heat dissipated by the kiln body;
the environment-friendly discharging module intelligently reduces the temperature and adjusts the water content of the discharged soil and collects dust fog;
the energy-saving tail gas treatment module is used for treating tail gas in a direct combustion or heat accumulation or catalytic combustion/oxidation mode;
the intelligent control module monitors the operation condition parameters of the equipment and adopts a neural network intelligent control system to carry out autonomous training and learning to form optimal control parameters so as to realize intelligent operation;
according to the material property, the operation track and the difference of desorption law of soil particles in the thermal desorption roller, a three-section high-treatment load kiln body is designed: the feeding section adopts an S-shaped material guide plate to prevent materials from being accumulated;
the desorption section adopts a material raising plate with an inverted V-shaped structure, so that the materials are uniformly raised and scattered at an angle of 30-270 ℃, the contact area and time of soil and hot air are effectively increased, and hot holes or short flow of hot flue gas in the kiln are avoided;
the discharging section adopts a lifting plate with a Z-shaped design so as to avoid influencing the combustion stability of flame by lifting and scattering and avoid generating a large amount of dust;
two processes are adopted for treatment according to different treatment requirements of organic waste gas, wherein the first process adopts a direct combustion process and comprises a cyclone dust removal device, a secondary combustion device, a heat energy recovery device, a quenching device, a cloth bag dust removal device, a spraying deacidification device and a flue gas whitening device; the heat energy required by the smoke whitening device is derived from heat energy recovery after secondary combustion, so that the additional energy required by whitening is saved while the visual pollution of white smoke is avoided;
the second one adopts heat accumulating type or catalytic combustion/oxidation process, which comprises a cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal device, a heat accumulating type combustion or catalytic combustion/oxidation device and a spraying deacidification device, and adopts one or a group of cyclone-cloth bag integrated high-efficiency dust removal devices to prevent the large amount of thermal desorption smoke dust.
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| CN107116095A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-01 | 广西博世科环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of thermal desorption system and its processing method for handling organic polluted soil |
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