CN113457289A

CN113457289A - Processing apparatus of building materials industry dust waste gas

Info

Publication number: CN113457289A
Application number: CN202110555149.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴迪
Original assignee: Zhongzhi Machinery Linyi Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Boao Environmental Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-21
Filing date: 2021-05-21
Publication date: 2021-10-01
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-21
Also published as: CN113457289B

Abstract

The invention discloses a treatment device for dust and waste gas in building material industry, which comprises a box body, a particle filtering mechanism, an air duct adjusting mechanism, a cloth bag dust removing mechanism, a speed reducing mechanism and an acid-base washing mechanism, wherein the particle filtering mechanism is arranged on the box body; the particle filtering mechanism, the air duct adjusting mechanism, the cloth bag dust removing mechanism, the speed reducing mechanism and the acid-base washing mechanism are arranged in the box body; the particle filtering mechanism is arranged at one end of the box body; the acid-base washing mechanism is arranged at the other end of the box body; the speed reduction mechanism is positioned between the particle filtering mechanism and the cloth bag dust removing mechanism; the cloth bag dust removing mechanism is positioned between the speed reducing mechanism and the acid-base washing mechanism; the particle filtering mechanism comprises a filter plate, a control plate, a buffer mechanism, a material guide plate and a material discharging mechanism. The invention can independently filter large particles, and reduce the damage rate of the cloth bag in the cloth bag dust removal; meanwhile, the cloth bag dust removing mechanism can loosen the bonding material attached to the surface of the cloth bag through vibration so as to improve the cleaning effect of back flushing of the cloth bag.

Description

Processing apparatus of building materials industry dust waste gas

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial waste gas treatment, and particularly relates to a treatment device for dust and waste gas in building material industry.

Background

Dust and waste gas containing larger particles are generated in the building material industry, particularly in a brick making factory; 1) the existing dust and waste gas treatment device mostly adopts multilayer filtration for adsorption treatment, and does not independently treat large particles, so that the large particles tend to adsorb an adsorption layer in the treatment process, and the service life of the adsorption layer is shortened; 2) usually, cloth bag dust removal is adopted, but when the weather is humid or the rainy day is continuous, the moisture in the air is more; dust bonding substances appear on the surface of the cloth bag in a long-time working state, and the cloth bag is difficult to treat, so that the effect of back flushing and cleaning the cloth bag is greatly reduced; 3) the requirement of sintering brickmaking can generate sulfide which affects the environment and needs desulfurization treatment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the device for treating the dust and the waste gas in the building material industry, which can be used for independently filtering large particles and reducing the damage rate of a cloth bag in cloth bag dust removal; meanwhile, the cloth bag dust removing mechanism can loosen the bonding material attached to the surface of the cloth bag through vibration so as to improve the cleaning effect of back flushing of the cloth bag.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a treatment device for dust and waste gas in building material industry comprises a box body, a particle filtering mechanism, an air duct adjusting mechanism, a cloth bag dust removing mechanism, a speed reducing mechanism and an acid-base washing mechanism; the particle filtering mechanism, the air duct adjusting mechanism, the cloth bag dust removing mechanism, the speed reducing mechanism and the acid-base washing mechanism are arranged in the box body; the particle filtering mechanism is arranged at one end of the box body; the acid-base washing mechanism is arranged at the other end of the box body; the speed reduction mechanism is positioned between the particle filtering mechanism and the cloth bag dust removing mechanism; the cloth bag dust removing mechanism is positioned between the speed reducing mechanism and the acid-base washing mechanism.

And an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline are respectively arranged at two ends of the box body.

The particle filtering mechanism comprises a filter plate, a control plate, a buffering mechanism, a material guide plate and a material discharging mechanism; the filter plate is fixed on the inner wall of the box body, and a plurality of uniformly distributed conical vent holes are formed in the filter plate; one end of the material guide plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the box body, the other end of the material guide plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the filter plate, a bundling plate is arranged on the material guide plate and used for bundling and guiding the waste particles, and the material guide plate is fixed obliquely; one end of the control panel is hinged with the inner wall of the box body; the other end is provided with a buffer mechanism; be equipped with first lead screw on the control panel, first lead screw passes the box and passes through screw thread interconnect, and first lead screw one end hinge connects the control panel side.

The buffer mechanism comprises a pull rod, a buffer plate, a second limiting plate and a first spring; two ends of one side of the buffer plate are provided with rotating shafts which are hinged with one end of the control plate; the second limiting plate is fixed on the control plate; one end of the pull rod penetrates through a through hole in the second limiting plate and is hinged with the buffer plate through a pin shaft, and the other end of the pull rod is provided with a first limiting plate; the first spring is sleeved with the pull rod, one end of the first spring is in jacking contact with the second limiting plate, and the other end of the first spring is in jacking contact with the first limiting plate; the material guide mechanism comprises a rotating shaft and a baffle plate, and two ends of the rotating shaft are fixed on the inner wall of the box body through bearings; a plurality of baffles are uniformly arranged on the rotating shaft; one side baffle plate is attached to the material guide plate, and the opposite baffle plate on the other side is lapped with the buffer plate; an opening is arranged on the inner wall of the box body at one end of the material guide plate, and a discharging mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the box body; the discharging mechanism comprises a first sealing plate, a first cylinder and a sealing plate groove; the first sealing plate is used for sealing the opening and is inserted into the sealing plate groove; the sealing plate groove and the first cylinder are fixed on the box body, and the top shaft of the first cylinder is fixedly connected with the first sealing plate.

The air duct adjusting mechanism comprises a partition plate, a fixed seat, a baffle plate and a first motor; the partition board is fixed in the middle of the box body, and acid-base washing mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of the partition board; the fixed seat is fixed on the outer wall of the top of the box body; the first motor is fixed on the fixed seat; two sides of one end of the baffle plate are provided with rotating shafts which are hinged with two ends of the partition plate; the output shaft of the first motor is connected with the rotating shaft on the resistance plate through a coupler.

The acid-base washing mechanism comprises a spray pipe, a first fixing frame, an installation frame, a hollow metal layer, a spray head conversion mechanism, a clamping mechanism, an access sealing door, a guide rail and a bin bottom sealing plate; the guide rails are fixed on the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of the box body; the mounting rack is inserted on the guide rail and fixed in the box body through the guide rail; the hollow metal layer is inserted on the mounting frame; the first fixing frame is fixed on the mounting frame through bolts; the spray pipe is fixed on the mounting frame through a first fixing frame and a bearing; the nozzle switching mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the access sealing door are fixed on the outer wall of the box body; the bin bottom sealing plate is fixed at the bottom of the box body, a discharge port is formed in the bottom of the box body, and the bin bottom sealing plate is used for closing and opening the discharge port.

One side of the spray pipe is provided with an atomizing nozzle, and the other side of the spray pipe is provided with a cluster nozzle which are symmetrically distributed; one end of the spray pipe is provided with a buckle and a rotary joint; a clamping groove is arranged on the buckle, and a water pipe is arranged on the rotary joint; one end of the spray pipe penetrates through the inner wall of the box body and is movably connected with the inner wall of the box body through a bearing.

The clamping mechanism comprises a second guide rod, a third spring and a fifth limiting plate; the fifth limiting plate is fixed on the outer wall of the box body; the second guide rod penetrates through the fifth limiting plate, and a fourth limiting plate and a clamping block are arranged at the other end of the second guide rod; a third spring is sleeved with a second guide rod, one end of the third spring is in contact with the fifth limiting plate in a propping mode, and the other end of the third spring is in contact with the fourth limiting plate in a propping mode;

the nozzle switching mechanism comprises a second fixing frame, a second spring and a first adjusting rod; the second fixing frame is fixed on the side wall of the box body; the second fixing frame is provided with a first chain wheel and a second chain wheel which are fixed in a staggered manner; the first adjusting rod penetrates through the second fixing frame and is inserted into the spraying pipe, and a third limiting plate and a first guide rod are arranged at one end, located at the second fixing frame, of the first adjusting rod; a third sealing plate and a second sealing plate are arranged at one end, located in the spray pipe, of the first adjusting rod, the third sealing plate and the second sealing plate are fixed obliquely, and the state that one of the third sealing plate and the second sealing plate is used for plugging the atomizing nozzle or the cluster nozzle is always presented; the first guide rod is arranged between the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel; the second spring cup joints first regulation pole, and second spring one end top touches second mount one side, and the other end top touches the third limiting plate.

The access sealing door comprises a screw rod, a first fixing block, a fourth sealing plate and a second fixing block; a guide groove is formed in the side wall of the box body; two ends of the fourth sealing plate are inserted into the guide grooves; the second fixing block is fixed on the fourth sealing plate; the first fixing block is fixed on the side wall of the box body; one end of the screw rod is provided with threads, and the other end of the screw rod is provided with a sliding rod; a group of sixth limiting plates are arranged on the screw rod; one end of the screw rod penetrates through the second fixed block and is connected with the second fixed block through threads; the other end passes through first fixed block and passes through bearing swing joint, and the sixth limiting plate is fixed respectively in first fixed block both sides.

The speed reduction mechanism comprises a second cylinder, a second adjusting rod, a baffle plate and an adjusting plate; the second cylinder is fixed on the outer wall of the box body; the baffle plate is fixed on the inner wall of the box body; the baffle plate is provided with a through groove; two groups of rotating shafts are arranged at two ends of the adjusting plate, the adjusting plate is arranged in the through groove and is movably connected with the resistance plate through one group of rotating shafts; one end of the second adjusting rod penetrates through the box body and then is connected with the second cylinder jacking shaft, and the other end of the second adjusting rod is movably connected with the other group of rotating shafts on the adjusting plate.

The cloth bag dust removing mechanism comprises a cloth bag, a first framework, a second framework, a vibrating mechanism, a servo motor, a second lead screw, an air compression bag and an air jet pipe; the vibration mechanism is positioned between the first framework and the second framework, and the cloth bag is sleeved with the first framework, the second framework and the vibration mechanism; the vibration mechanism comprises a first guide post, a second guide post, a cross limiting frame and a support shaft; ninth limiting plates are arranged on the first framework and the second framework; the other end of the second framework is provided with a third fixing frame which is fixed on the inner wall of the box body through the third fixing frame; the other end of the second framework is provided with a fixed plate which is fixed on the inner wall of the box body; two ends of the first guide post and the second guide post respectively penetrate through ninth limiting plates on the first framework and the second framework and are movably connected with the first framework and the second framework; seventh limiting plates are arranged at two ends of the first guide column; the middle section of the first guide post is provided with a plurality of pulleys which are fixed on the first guide post through a fixing block and a pin shaft, and the pulleys are propped against the inner wall of the cloth bag; eighth limiting plates are arranged at two ends of the second guide post, a fourth spring is arranged in the middle of the second guide post, and the fourth spring is sleeved with the second guide post; the cross limiting frame is fixedly connected with the first framework and the second framework and is positioned on one side of the pulley; one end of the fourth spring is in top contact with the cross limiting frame, and the other end of the fourth spring is in top contact with the ninth limiting plate; one end of the supporting shaft is fixedly connected with a cross limiting frame.

The servo motor is fixed on the motor base, and a guide block is arranged at the bottom of the motor base; the outer wall of the box body is provided with a guide groove; the motor base is fixed on the side wall of the box body through a guide block at the bottom matched with the guide groove; a semicircular convex plate is arranged on the output shaft of the servo motor and is in top contact with the other end of the supporting shaft; the second motor is fixed on the outer wall of the box body, and a bevel gear is arranged at the output shaft end; the second lead screw penetrates through a motor base of the servo motor, two ends of the second lead screw are fixed on the outer wall of the box body through fixing seats, and bevel gears are arranged at two ends of the second lead screw, wherein one end of the bevel gear is meshed with an output shaft end gear of the second motor; the air compression bag is fixed on the side wall of the box body, one end of the air compression bag is connected with an air source through a pipeline, and the other end of the air compression bag is connected with an air injection pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the particle filtering mechanism is arranged, large particles are filtered through the filtering plate, accumulated particles are intermittently discharged through the rotating shaft, the baffle plate and the material guide plate, continuous filtering and uninterrupted are still kept in the discharging process, and the damage rate of a subsequent hollow metal layer is reduced; meanwhile, the control plate is provided with a buffer mechanism, so that the impact strength between the buffer plate and the baffle and the damage degree of the baffle are reduced;

2) the acid-base washing device is provided with an acid-base washing mechanism, wherein the acid-base washing mechanism is internally provided with a clamping mechanism, a spray head conversion mechanism and a spray pipe, and the spray pipe is provided with an atomizing spray head and a cluster spray head; the spraying direction of the spraying pipe and the spraying pipe can be changed by rotating the spraying pipe; meanwhile, the rotation of the second sealing plate and the third sealing plate is controlled through the spray head switching mechanism, so that the opening and closing of the water delivery ports of the atomizing spray head and the bundling spray head are controlled; waste gas forms the stirring mixed effect to the air when passing through the fretwork metal level, cooperates the atomizer to spray acid-base liquid simultaneously, makes the better mixed reaction of waste gas and acid-base liquid, improves desulfurization effect.

3) The bag-type dust removing mechanism is internally provided with a first framework, a second framework and a vibrating mechanism; the vibration mechanism, the first framework and the second framework are driven to vibrate through the servo motor and the semicircular convex plate, dust attached to the surface of the cloth bag is vibrated and loosened, and the back flushing effect of the subsequent back flushing mechanism is improved conveniently.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a dust and waste gas treatment device for building materials industry according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a dust and waste gas treatment device for building materials industry according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a particulate filter mechanism of a construction material dust and exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a construction material dust waste gas treatment apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an acid and alkali washing mechanism in the device for treating the dust and the waste gas in the building material industry;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle switching mechanism in the dust and waste gas treatment device in the building material industry according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a shower pipe in the dust and exhaust gas treatment apparatus for construction materials of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a speed reduction mechanism in the building material industry dust and exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a bag-type dust-collecting mechanism in the dust and exhaust gas treatment device for building materials;

in the figure: 1. a box body; 11. an air intake duct; 12. an air outlet pipe; 2. a particle filtration mechanism; 21. a filter plate; 211. a conical vent; 22. a control panel; 221. a first lead screw; 23. a buffer mechanism; 231. a pull rod; 2311. a first limit plate; 232. a buffer plate; 233. a second limiting plate; 234. a first spring; 24. a material guiding mechanism; 241. a rotating shaft; 242. a baffle plate; 25. a material guide plate; 251. a beam-collecting plate; 26. a discharging mechanism; 261. a first seal plate; 262. a first cylinder; 263. a plate sealing groove; 3. an air duct adjusting mechanism; 31. a partition plate; 32. a fixed seat; 33. blocking the plate; 34. a first motor; 4. an acid-base washing mechanism; 41. a shower pipe; 412. an atomizing spray head; 413. a cluster nozzle; 414. buckling; 4141. a card slot; 415. a rotary joint; 4151. a water pipe; 42. a first fixing frame; 43. a mounting frame; 44. hollowing out the metal layer; 45. a nozzle switching mechanism; 451. a second fixing frame; 4511. a first chain wheel; 4512. a second chain wheel; 452. a second spring; 453. a first adjusting lever; 4531. a third limiting plate; 4532. a first guide bar; 4533. a second seal plate; 4534. a third seal plate; 46. a clamping mechanism; 461. a second guide bar; 4611. a fourth limiting plate; 4612. a clamping block; 462. a third spring; 463. a fifth limiting plate; 47. repairing and sealing the door; 471. a screw rod; 4711. a sixth limiting plate; 472. a first fixed block; 473. a fourth closing plate; 474. a second fixed block; 48. a guide rail; 49. a bin bottom sealing plate; 5. particles; 6. a cloth bag dust removal mechanism; 61. a cloth bag; 62. a first skeleton; 621. a third fixing frame; 63. a second skeleton; 631. a ninth limiting plate; 632. a fixing plate; 64. a vibration mechanism; 641. a first guide post; 6411. a pulley; 6412. a seventh limiting plate; 642. a second guide post; 6421. a fourth spring; 6422. an eighth limiting plate; 643. a cross limiting frame; 644. a support shaft; 65. a servo motor; 651. a semicircular convex plate; 66. a second motor; 67. a second lead screw; 68. an air compression bag; 69. a gas ejector tube; 7. a speed reduction mechanism; 71. a second cylinder; 72. a second adjusting lever; 73. blocking the plate; 731. a through groove; 74. an adjusting plate.

Detailed Description

For the convenience of understanding of those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 11.

A treatment device for dust and waste gas in building material industry comprises a box body 1, a particle filtering mechanism 2, an air duct adjusting mechanism 3, a cloth bag dust removing mechanism 6, a speed reducing mechanism 7 and an acid-base washing mechanism 4; the particle filtering mechanism 2, the air duct adjusting mechanism 3, the cloth bag dust removing mechanism 6, the speed reducing mechanism 7 and the acid-base washing mechanism 4 are arranged in the box body 1; the particle filtering mechanism 2 is arranged at one end of the box body 1; the acid-base washing mechanism 4 is arranged at the other end of the box body 1; the speed reduction mechanism 7 is positioned between the particle filtering mechanism 2 and the cloth bag dust removing mechanism 6; the cloth bag dust removing mechanism 6 is positioned between the speed reducing mechanism 7 and the acid-base washing mechanism 4.

And an air inlet pipeline 11 and an air outlet pipeline 12 are respectively arranged at two ends of the box body 1 and used for conveying waste gas.

The particle filtering mechanism 2 comprises a filtering plate 21, a control plate 22, a buffering mechanism 23, a material guiding mechanism 24, a material guiding plate 25 and a material discharging mechanism 26; the filter plate 21 is fixed on the inner wall of the box body 1, and a plurality of conical vent holes 211 which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the filter plate 21; one end of the material guide plate 25 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the box body 1, the other end of the material guide plate 25 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the filter plate 21, a bundling plate 251 is arranged on the material guide plate 25 and used for bundling and guiding the waste particles 5, and the material guide plate 25 is obliquely fixed to be beneficial to bundling the particles 5; one end of the control panel 22 is hinged with the inner wall of the box body 1; the other end is provided with a buffer mechanism 23; a first lead screw 221 is arranged on the control plate 22, the first lead screw 221 penetrates through the box body 1 and is connected with each other through threads, and one end of the first lead screw 221 is hinged with the side surface of the control plate 22; the buffer mechanism 23 comprises a pull rod 231, a buffer plate 232, a second limit plate 233 and a first spring 234; two ends of one side of the buffer plate 232 are provided with rotating shafts which are hinged with one end of the control plate 22; the second limit plate 233 is fixed to the control plate 22; one end of the pull rod 231 penetrates through a through hole in the second limiting plate 233 and is hinged with the buffer plate 232 through a pin shaft, and the other end of the pull rod 231 is provided with a first limiting plate 2311; the first spring 234 is sleeved with the pull rod 231, one end of the first spring 234 props against the second limit plate 233, and the other end of the first spring 234 props against the first limit plate 2311; the material guide mechanism 24 comprises a rotating shaft 241 and a baffle 242, and two ends of the rotating shaft 241 are fixed on the inner wall of the box body 1 through bearings; a plurality of baffles 242 are uniformly arranged on the rotating shaft 241; the baffle 242 at one side is attached to the material guide plate 25, and the opposite baffle 242 at the other side is overlapped with the buffer plate 232; an opening is arranged on the inner wall of the box body 1 at one end of the material guide plate 25, and a discharging mechanism 26 is arranged on the outer wall of the box body 1; the emptying mechanism 26 comprises a first sealing plate 261, a first cylinder 262 and a sealing plate groove 263; the first sealing plate 261 covers the opening and is inserted into the sealing plate groove 263; the sealing plate groove 263 and the first cylinder 262 are fixed on the box body 1, and the top shaft of the first cylinder 262 is fixedly connected with the first sealing plate 261; the first cylinder 262 drives the first sealing plate 261 to move up and down in the sealing plate groove 263 to open and close the opening, so as to remove the particles 5.

When the waste gas containing the dust particles 5 enters the box body 1 through the air inlet pipeline 11 and is blocked by the filter plate 21, the air flow is rapidly contracted when the waste gas passes through the conical vent hole 211, the larger particles 5 are blocked and filtered at one side of the filter plate 21, the particles 5 are blocked by the baffle plate and fall and are concentrated on the material guide plate 25, and when the particles 5 are stored more and need to be discharged, the control plate 22 is pushed to rotate by rotating the first lead screw 221, so that the buffer plate 232 and the baffle plate 242 are separated from the overlapping relation; the baffle 242 is blown by wind force and accumulates the particles 5, and drives the rotating shaft 241 to rotate due to the pushing of gravity, so that the effect of intermittently lowering and guiding the accumulated particles 5 along the material guide plate 25 is realized; when the particles 5 are discharged completely, the first lead screw 221 is rotated to drive the control plate 22 to reset, and then the baffle 242 overlaps the buffer plate 232 to stop the rotation of the rotating shaft 241; because the wind speed is high, the baffle 242 and the buffer plate 232 are impacted with high force to cause damage, so that the buffer plate 232 is in floating buffer through the elastic force of the first spring 234 and is in soft impact with the baffle 242 to reduce damage;

the air duct adjusting mechanism 3 comprises a partition plate 31, a fixed seat 32, a baffle plate 33 and a first motor 34; the partition plate 31 is fixed in the middle of the box body 1, and the acid-base washing mechanisms 4 are respectively arranged on two sides of the partition plate 31; the fixed seat 32 is fixed on the outer wall of the top of the box body 1; the first motor 34 is fixed on the fixed seat 32; two sides of one end of the baffle plate 33 are provided with rotating shafts which are hinged with two ends of the partition plate 31; an output shaft of the first motor 34 is connected with a rotating shaft on the baffle plate 33 through a coupler, the baffle plate 33 is driven to rotate towards one side of the partition plate 31 by the power provided by the first motor 34, and when the baffle plates 33 at the two ends of the partition plate 31 simultaneously rotate towards one side of the partition plate 31, the acid-base washing mechanism 4 in the baffle plate 33 can be replaced and cleaned; the exhaust gas passes through and is filtered by the acid-base washing means 4 on the other side of the partition 31.

The acid-base washing mechanism 4 comprises a spray pipe 41, a first fixing frame 42, a mounting frame 43, a hollow metal layer 44, a spray head conversion mechanism 45, a clamping mechanism 46, an access sealing door 47, a guide rail 48 and a bin bottom sealing plate 49; the guide rails 48 are fixed on the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of the box body 1; the mounting rack 43 is inserted on the guide rail 48 and fixed inside the box body 1 through the guide rail 48; the hollow metal layer 44 is inserted on the mounting frame 43; the first fixing frame 42 is fixed on the mounting frame 43 through bolts; the spraying pipe 41 is fixed on a mounting frame 43 through a first fixing frame 42 and a bearing; the nozzle switching mechanism 45, the clamping mechanism 46 and the access sealing door 47 are fixed on the outer wall of the box body 1; the bin bottom sealing plate 49 is fixed at the bottom of the box body 1, a discharge port is formed in the bottom of the box body 1, and the bin bottom sealing plate 49 is used for closing and opening the discharge port.

An atomizing nozzle 412 is arranged on one side of the spray pipe 41, and a cluster nozzle 413 is arranged on the other side of the spray pipe 41, and the two are symmetrically distributed; one end of the spray pipe 41 is provided with a buckle 414 and a rotary joint 415; a clamping groove 4141 is formed in the buckle 414, a water pipe 4151 is formed in the rotary joint 415, and the rotary joint 415 is used for preventing the spraying pipe 41 from winding when rotating; one end of the spray pipe 41 penetrates through the inner wall of the box body 1 and is movably connected with each other through a bearing; the nozzle switching mechanism 45 comprises a second fixing frame 451, a second spring 452 and a first adjusting rod 453; the second fixing frame 451 is fixed on the side wall of the box body 1; the second fixing frame 451 is provided with a first chain wheel 4511 and a second chain wheel 4512 which are fixed in a staggered manner; the first adjusting rod 453 penetrates through the second fixing frame 451 and is inserted into the spray pipe 41, and a third limiting plate 4531 and a first guide rod 4532 are arranged at one end, located at the second fixing frame 451, of the first adjusting rod 453; a third sealing plate 4534 and a second sealing plate 4533 are arranged at one end of the first adjusting rod 453, which is positioned in the spray pipe 41, the third sealing plate 4534 and the second sealing plate 4533 are obliquely fixed, and one of the third sealing plate 4534 and the second sealing plate 4533 is always in a state of sealing the atomizing nozzle 412 or the cluster nozzle 413; the first guide rod 4532 is arranged between the first dental plate 4511 and the second dental plate 4512; the second spring 452 is sleeved with the first adjusting rod 453, one end of the second spring 452 is pressed against one surface of the second fixing frame 451, and the other end of the second spring 452 is pressed against the third limiting plate 4531; when the atomizing nozzle 412 and the cluster nozzle 413 are switched for use, the first adjusting rod 453 is pressed, the first guide rod 4532 enters the second chain wheel 4512 when the first adjusting rod 453 is pressed because the first chain wheel 4511 and the second chain wheel 4512 are fixed in a staggered mode, and the first guide rod 4532 enters the next tooth of the first chain wheel 4511 during resetting; the reciprocating operation in turn completes the rotation of the first adjusting rod 453 and thus the rotation of the third sealing plate 4534 and the second sealing plate 4533, thereby completing the switching opening and closing of the water delivery ports of the atomizing nozzle 412 and the cluster nozzle 413.

The locking mechanism 46 includes a second guide rod 461, a third spring 462, and a fifth limiting plate 463; the fifth limiting plate 463 is fixed on the outer wall of the box body 1; the second guide rod 461 penetrates through the fifth limiting plate 463, and the other end of the second guide rod 461 is provided with a fourth limiting plate 4611 and a clamping block 4612; the third spring 462 is sleeved with the second guide rod 461, one end of the third spring 462 props against the fifth limiting plate 463, and the other end thereof props against the fourth limiting plate 4611; when the atomizing nozzle 412 and the cluster nozzle 413 need to be switched for use, the spray pipe 41 can be rotated for switching, and then the fixture blocks 4612 are clamped into the fixture grooves 4141 to fix the spray pipe 41.

The access door seal 47 comprises a screw rod 471, a first fixing block 472, a fourth sealing plate 473 and a second fixing block 474; a guide groove is formed in the side wall of the box body 1; both ends of the fourth sealing plate 473 are inserted into the guide grooves; the second fixing block 474 is fixed to the fourth sealing plate 473; the first fixing block 472 is fixed on the side wall of the box body 1; one end of the screw rod 471 is provided with threads, and the other end is a sliding rod; a group of sixth limiting plates 4711 is arranged on the lead screw 471; one end of the lead screw 471 penetrates through the second fixing block 474 and is connected with the second fixing block through threads; the other end passes through the first fixed block 472 and is movably connected through a bearing, and sixth limiting plates 4711 are respectively fixed on two sides of the first fixed block 472; the fourth sealing plate 473 is driven to move along the guide groove by rotating the screw rod 471, so that the access hole is opened for maintenance or the hollowed-out metal layer 44 is replaced.

When the waste gas enters the acid-base washing mechanism 4, acid-base liquid is sprayed through the atomizing nozzle 412 to humidify the hollow metal layer 44, so that the contact area of the dust waste gas and the acid-base liquid is increased, and the desulfurization effect is increased; when the hollow metal layer is in long-term operation and a small amount of dust is attached, air channel conversion is carried out through the air channel adjusting mechanism 3, and then the hollow metal layer 44 is cleaned; two cleaning methods are selected, the first method is to replace and clean the hollow metal layer 44 through the access sealing door 47; the other type can be cleaned in the box body 1 on the premise of not being replaced, firstly, the spray pipe 41 is rotated to convert the atomizing nozzle 412 and the bundling nozzle 413 and is fixed through the clamping and fixing mechanism 46, and then the nozzle switching mechanism 45 is used for opening the water conveying port of the bundling nozzle 413; the dust attached to the hollowed-out metal layer 44 is subjected to rapid high-pressure cluster impact cleaning through the cluster spray head 413, and the cleaned mixture is discharged to a special storage box through a discharge port at the outlet of the bin bottom sealing plate 49.

The speed reducing mechanism 7 comprises a second air cylinder 71, a second adjusting rod 72, a baffle 73 and an adjusting plate 74; the second cylinder 71 is fixed on the outer wall of the box body 1; the baffle 73 is fixed on the inner wall of the box body 1; a through groove 731 is arranged on the baffle plate 73; two groups of rotating shafts are arranged at two ends of the adjusting plate 74, the adjusting plate 74 is arranged in the through groove 731 and is movably connected with the blocking plate 73 through one group of rotating shafts; one end of the second adjusting rod 72 penetrates through the box body 1 and then is connected with the top shaft of the second air cylinder 71, and the other end of the second adjusting rod 72 is movably connected with the other group of rotating shafts on the adjusting plate 74; the second cylinder 71 drives the second adjusting rod 72 to move, so as to drive the adjusting plate 74 to rotate to close or open the through groove 731, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the exhaust gas and allowing sufficient time for exhaust gas treatment.

The cloth bag dust removing mechanism 6 comprises a cloth bag 61, a first framework 62, a second framework 63, a vibration mechanism 64, a servo motor 65, a second motor 66, a second lead screw 67, an air compression bag 68 and an air injection pipe 69; the vibration mechanism 64 is positioned between the first framework 62 and the second framework 63, and the cloth bag 61 is sleeved with the first framework 62, the second framework 63 and the vibration mechanism 64; the vibration mechanism 64 comprises a first guide post 641, a second guide post 642, a cross-shaped limiting frame 643 and a support shaft 644; a ninth limiting plate 631 is arranged on the first framework 62 and the second framework 63; the other end of the second framework 63 is provided with a third fixing frame 621 which is fixed on the inner wall of the box body 1 through the third fixing frame 621; the other end of the second framework is provided with a fixed plate 632 which is fixed on the inner wall of the box body 1 through the fixed plate 632; waste gas enters through the second framework 63 and is discharged after being filtered by the cloth bag 61; two ends of the first guiding column 641 and the second guiding column 642 respectively penetrate through the ninth limiting plates 631 on the first framework 62 and the second framework 63 and are movably connected with the first framework 62 and the second framework 63; seventh limiting plates 6412 are arranged at two ends of the first guide post 641; the middle section of the first guide post 641 is provided with a plurality of pulleys 6411 which are fixed on the first guide post 641 through a fixing block and a pin shaft, and the pulleys 6411 are pressed against the inner wall of the cloth bag 61; eighth limiting plates 6422 are arranged at two ends of the second guide post 642, a fourth spring 6421 is arranged in the middle of the second guide post 642, and the fourth spring 6421 is sleeved on the second guide post 642; the cross limiting frame 643 is fixedly connected with the first framework 62 and the second framework 63 and is positioned on one side of the pulley 6411; one end of the fourth spring 6421 abuts against the cross-shaped limiting frame 643, and the other end abuts against the ninth limiting plate 631; one end of the support shaft 644 is fixedly connected with a cross-shaped limiting frame 643.

The servo motor 65 is fixed on the motor base, and a guide block is arranged at the bottom of the motor base; the outer wall of the box body 1 is provided with a guide groove; the motor base is fixed on the side wall of the box body 1 through a guide block at the bottom matched with the guide groove; a semicircular convex plate 651 is arranged on an output shaft of the servo motor 65 and is in top contact with the other end of the supporting shaft 644; the servo motor 65 drives the semicircular convex plate 651 to rotate so as to push the cross-shaped limiting frame 643, the first guide post 641 and the second guide post 642 to move towards the first framework 62; when the farthest point of the semicircular convex plate 651 rotates past the end surface of the supporting shaft 644, the first guide post 641 and the second guide post 642 are quickly reset by the elastic force of the fourth spring 6421, so that the first frame 62, the second frame 63 and the vibration mechanism 64 generate violent vibration; when the waste gas is wet, the dust plate attached to the surface of the cloth bag 61 is agglomerated due to long-time dust removal, and the cloth bag is difficult to quickly clean when a cloth bag back blowing mechanism performs back blowing; at the moment, the servo motor 65 is started to realize the vibration of the vibration mechanism 64, the first framework 62 and the second framework 63 so as to break and loosen the dust cake blocks, thereby being beneficial to the back blowing of a subsequent bag back blowing mechanism; the second motor 66 is fixed on the outer wall of the box body 1, and a bevel gear is arranged at the output shaft end; the second lead screw 67 penetrates through a motor base of the servo motor 65, two ends of the second lead screw 67 are fixed on the outer wall of the box body 1 through fixing bases, and bevel gears are arranged at two ends of the second lead screw, wherein one end of the bevel gear is meshed with an output shaft end gear of the second motor 66; the servo motor 65 is driven to move along the second lead screw 67 by the power provided by the second motor 66, so that the frameworks in the cloth bags 61 arranged at different positions are vibrated to loosen firm attachments on the cloth bags 61; the air compression bag 68 is fixed on the side wall of the box body 1, one end of the air compression bag 68 is connected with an air source through a pipeline, the other end of the air compression bag 68 is connected with the jet pipe 69, and then the air compression bag is connected with an air inlet at the top end of the cloth bag 61 through the jet pipe 69; and after the cloth bag 61 is vibrated to release the firm attachments on the surface, the back blowing cleaning is carried out.

A processing apparatus of building materials industry dust waste gas, the working process is as follows:

the dust and waste gas is firstly subjected to particle filtration through a particle filtration mechanism, and then is subjected to dust removal through the speed reduction mechanism for adjusting the air speed and the cloth bag dust removal mechanism; and then the desulfurized gas is discharged after being subjected to desulfurization by an acid-base washing mechanism and an air duct adjusting mechanism.

The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. A treatment device for dust and waste gas in building material industry comprises a box body, a particle filtering mechanism, an air duct adjusting mechanism, a cloth bag dust removing mechanism, a speed reducing mechanism and an acid-base washing mechanism; the device is characterized in that the particle filtering mechanism, the air duct adjusting mechanism, the cloth bag dust removing mechanism, the speed reducing mechanism and the acid-base washing mechanism are arranged in the box body; the particle filtering mechanism is arranged at one end of the box body; the acid-base washing mechanism is arranged at the other end of the box body; the speed reduction mechanism is positioned between the particle filtering mechanism and the cloth bag dust removing mechanism; the cloth bag dust removing mechanism is positioned between the speed reducing mechanism and the acid-base washing mechanism.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing has an inlet duct and an outlet duct at opposite ends thereof; the particle filtering mechanism comprises a filter plate, a control plate, a buffering mechanism, a material guide plate and a material discharging mechanism; the filter plate is fixed on the inner wall of the box body, and a plurality of uniformly distributed conical vent holes are formed in the filter plate; one end of the material guide plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the box body, the other end of the material guide plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the filter plate, a bundling plate is arranged on the material guide plate and used for bundling and guiding the waste particles, and the material guide plate is fixed obliquely; one end of the control panel is hinged with the inner wall of the box body; the other end is provided with a buffer mechanism; be equipped with first lead screw on the control panel, first lead screw passes the box and passes through screw thread interconnect, and first lead screw one end hinge connects the control panel side.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the cushioning mechanism comprises a tension rod, a cushioning plate, a second limiting plate, and a first spring; two ends of one side of the buffer plate are provided with rotating shafts which are hinged with one end of the control plate; the second limiting plate is fixed on the control plate; one end of the pull rod penetrates through a through hole in the second limiting plate and is hinged with the buffer plate through a pin shaft, and the other end of the pull rod is provided with a first limiting plate; the first spring is sleeved with the pull rod, one end of the first spring is in jacking contact with the second limiting plate, and the other end of the first spring is in jacking contact with the first limiting plate; the material guide mechanism comprises a rotating shaft and a baffle plate, and two ends of the rotating shaft are fixed on the inner wall of the box body through bearings; a plurality of baffles are uniformly arranged on the rotating shaft; one side baffle plate is attached to the material guide plate, and the opposite baffle plate on the other side is lapped with the buffer plate; an opening is arranged on the inner wall of the box body at one end of the material guide plate, and a discharging mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the box body; the discharging mechanism comprises a first sealing plate, a first cylinder and a sealing plate groove; the first sealing plate is used for sealing the opening and is inserted into the sealing plate groove; the sealing plate groove and the first cylinder are fixed on the box body, and the top shaft of the first cylinder is fixedly connected with the first sealing plate.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the duct adjusting mechanism comprises a partition, a fixed base, a baffle, a first motor; the partition board is fixed in the middle of the box body, and acid-base washing mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of the partition board; the fixed seat is fixed on the outer wall of the top of the box body; the first motor is fixed on the fixed seat; two sides of one end of the baffle plate are provided with rotating shafts which are hinged with two ends of the partition plate; the output shaft of the first motor is connected with the rotating shaft on the resistance plate through a coupler.

5. The device for treating dust and waste gas in building material industry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acid-base washing mechanism comprises a spray pipe, a first fixing frame, a mounting frame, a hollow metal layer, a spray head conversion mechanism, a clamping mechanism, an access sealing door, a guide rail and a bin bottom sealing plate; the guide rails are fixed on the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of the box body; the mounting rack is inserted on the guide rail and fixed in the box body through the guide rail; the hollow metal layer is inserted on the mounting frame; the first fixing frame is fixed on the mounting frame through bolts; the spray pipe is fixed on the mounting frame through a first fixing frame and a bearing; the nozzle switching mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the access sealing door are fixed on the outer wall of the box body; the bin bottom sealing plate is fixed at the bottom of the box body, a discharge port is formed in the bottom of the box body, and the bin bottom sealing plate is used for closing and opening the discharge port.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spray pipe has an atomizing nozzle on one side and a cluster nozzle on the other side, both of which are symmetrically disposed; one end of the spray pipe is provided with a buckle and a rotary joint; a clamping groove is arranged on the buckle, and a water pipe is arranged on the rotary joint; one end of the spray pipe penetrates through the inner wall of the box body and is movably connected with each other through a bearing; the clamping mechanism comprises a second guide rod, a third spring and a fifth limiting plate; the fifth limiting plate is fixed on the outer wall of the box body; the second guide rod penetrates through the fifth limiting plate, and a fourth limiting plate and a clamping block are arranged at the other end of the second guide rod; and the third spring is sleeved with the second guide rod, one end of the third spring is propped against the fifth limiting plate, and the other end of the third spring is propped against the fourth limiting plate.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the nozzle-switching mechanism comprises a second holder, a second spring, a first adjusting rod; the second fixing frame is fixed on the side wall of the box body; the second fixing frame is provided with a first chain wheel and a second chain wheel which are fixed in a staggered manner; the first adjusting rod penetrates through the second fixing frame and is inserted into the spraying pipe, and a third limiting plate and a first guide rod are arranged at one end, located at the second fixing frame, of the first adjusting rod; a third sealing plate and a second sealing plate are arranged at one end of the first adjusting rod, which is positioned in the spray pipe, and the third sealing plate and the second sealing plate are obliquely fixed; the first guide rod is arranged between the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel; the second spring is sleeved with the first adjusting rod, one end of the second spring is in top contact with one surface of the second fixing frame, and the other end of the second spring is in top contact with the third limiting plate;

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the deceleration mechanism comprises a second cylinder, a second adjusting rod, a baffle plate, and an adjusting plate; the second cylinder is fixed on the outer wall of the box body; the baffle plate is fixed on the inner wall of the box body; the baffle plate is provided with a through groove; two groups of rotating shafts are arranged at two ends of the adjusting plate, the adjusting plate is arranged in the through groove and is movably connected with the resistance plate through one group of rotating shafts; one end of the second adjusting rod penetrates through the box body and then is connected with the second cylinder jacking shaft, and the other end of the second adjusting rod is movably connected with the other group of rotating shafts on the adjusting plate.

9. The processing device of dust and waste gas in building material industry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cloth bag dust removing mechanism comprises a cloth bag, a first framework, a second framework, a vibration mechanism, a servo motor, a second lead screw, an air compression bag and an air injection pipe; the vibration mechanism is positioned between the first framework and the second framework, and the cloth bag is sleeved with the first framework, the second framework and the vibration mechanism; the vibration mechanism comprises a first guide post, a second guide post, a cross limiting frame and a support shaft; ninth limiting plates are arranged on the first framework and the second framework; the other end of the second framework is provided with a third fixing frame which is fixed on the inner wall of the box body through the third fixing frame; the other end of the second framework is provided with a fixed plate which is fixed on the inner wall of the box body; two ends of the first guide post and the second guide post respectively penetrate through ninth limiting plates on the first framework and the second framework and are movably connected with the first framework and the second framework; seventh limiting plates are arranged at two ends of the first guide column; the middle section of the first guide post is provided with a plurality of pulleys which are fixed on the first guide post through a fixing block and a pin shaft, and the pulleys are propped against the inner wall of the cloth bag; eighth limiting plates are arranged at two ends of the second guide post, a fourth spring is arranged in the middle of the second guide post, and the fourth spring is sleeved with the second guide post; the cross limiting frame is fixedly connected with the first framework and the second framework and is positioned on one side of the pulley; one end of the fourth spring is in top contact with the cross limiting frame, and the other end of the fourth spring is in top contact with the ninth limiting plate; one end of the supporting shaft is fixedly connected with a cross limiting frame;