CN113456914B - Flat plate winding type dialyzer - Google Patents
Flat plate winding type dialyzer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113456914B CN113456914B CN202110765901.XA CN202110765901A CN113456914B CN 113456914 B CN113456914 B CN 113456914B CN 202110765901 A CN202110765901 A CN 202110765901A CN 113456914 B CN113456914 B CN 113456914B
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N creatinine Chemical compound CN1CC(=O)NC1=N DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1621—Constructional aspects thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1621—Constructional aspects thereof
- A61M1/1623—Disposition or location of membranes relative to fluids
- A61M1/1627—Dialyser of the inside perfusion type, i.e. blood flow inside hollow membrane fibres or tubes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1621—Constructional aspects thereof
- A61M1/1631—Constructional aspects thereof having non-tubular membranes, e.g. sheets
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a flat plate rolling type dialyzer, which comprises a dialysis mounting shell, a flat plate composite membrane structure and a central tube, wherein the dialysis mounting shell is provided with a plurality of dialysis holes; the two ends of the central tube extend out of the dialysis mounting shell, and a liquid inlet through hole and a liquid outlet through hole are formed in the central tube; a blocking part is arranged in the inner cavity of the central tube; the flat composite membrane structure comprises two layers of membranes, two flowing spaces are arranged between the two layers of membranes, and flowing openings are formed in the two spaces; the flat composite membrane structure is wound on the outer side of the central tube, and the flow openings of the two flow spaces are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet through hole and the liquid outlet through hole; the dialysis mounting shell is characterized in that liquid inlets and liquid outlets are respectively formed in two ends of the dialysis mounting shell, and the liquid inlets, the membrane roll gap of the flat plate composite membrane structure and the liquid outlets are mutually communicated. The dialyzer has the advantages of easy cleaning, low water consumption, high yield, simple manufacturing process and the like, integrates the filtering and dialyzing functions, and filters the dialyzate before dialyzing so as to avoid polluting blood.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dialyzer, in particular to a flat plate rolling type dialyzer.
Background
Hemodialysis is a life-sustaining treatment item for patients with uremia, and a dialyzer is a core medical consumable for dialysis treatment. The prior art and clinical treatment dialyzer products are polysulfone group [ polysulfone Polysulfon (PS) and polyether sulfone Polyethersulfon (PES) ] hollow fiber membrane dialyzers, and the structure is that hollow fiber membranes are arranged in a dialyzer shell, and two ends of the hollow fiber membranes are fixed by resin glue. The outer shell of the dialyzer has two end covers, and blood enters from one end cover, passes through the hollow fiber and then flows out from the other end cover. One end side of the shell is provided with a dialysate inlet, and the other end side is provided with a dialysate outlet. In clinical treatment, the blood of a patient is led out from the animal by a dialysis pipeline and a blood pump, enters a hollow fiber membrane of the dialyzer, and returns to the patient through an outlet of the dialyzer. Further, in the dialyzer, the hollow fiber dialysis membrane is used as a core component, and the dialysis of blood mainly depends on the hollow fiber dialysis membrane, and various methods for preparing hollow fibers are proposed in the prior art, such as a polysulfone hollow fiber semi-permeable membrane and a preparation process of a component thereof disclosed in chinese application publication No. CN1158273a, a modified polyethersulfone hollow fiber membrane and a manufacturing method thereof disclosed in chinese application publication No. CN1680010 a.
The prior hollow fiber dialyzer has the following defects:
1. the hollow fiber membrane has smaller internal pore diameter, the pore diameter is generally 0.2mm, the external diameter is about 0.28-0.3mm, blood needs to pass under a high pressure state, membrane rupture is easy to occur, meanwhile, good anticoagulation effect is required to be achieved for the blood, the hollow fiber membrane has good biocompatibility, otherwise, the blood can be blocked in a small membrane hole, and thrombus formation affects the curative effect. In addition, there are protruding "burrs" in the inner pores of the hollow fiber membrane, and when blood flows at high speed and collides with the "burrs", blood cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets) in the blood are easily damaged, and the blood is destroyed.
2. The common membrane exchange area of the prior art hollow fiber dialyzer is between 1.4 and 2.0 square meters. The hollow fiber membrane exchange area with the minimum 1.4 is calculated, and the hollow fiber is about 8000; up to 12,000 hollow fibers can be present with an area of 2.0. The bundle of hollow fiber membranes, which is formed by bundling such a plurality of fine hollow fibers, is placed in a housing having a diameter of about 50 mm, and the hollow fibers are almost tightly adhered together. Particularly, after the hollow fibers are wetted, the hollow fibers are seriously stuck together to cause a large number of membrane holes to be blocked, so that the contact between blood in the hollow fibers and the dialysate is greatly hindered, particularly, the fibers in the central part of the fiber bundle can hardly contact the dialysate, the clearance rate of the dialyzer is not matched with the corresponding membrane exchange area, and the treatment effect is seriously influenced.
3. In the manufacturing process, the inner hole of the hollow fiber is 0.2mm, the inner hole is formed by injecting an organic solvent core liquid, the core liquid is wrapped in the center of the hollow fiber by a film-making liquid, after the hollow fiber is sprayed into a solidification water bath for forming, the organic solvent in the inner hole of the hollow fiber film is difficult to be completely cleaned and discharged in the post-cleaning and drying process, and the inner hole of the dried hollow fiber contains a large amount of clean organic solvent which is not cleaned after being dried. When the organic solvents exceeding the standard are used for treatment, if the organic solvents are not washed cleanly, the organic solvents can directly contact with blood to enter a human body, and if the organic solvents are used for a long time, the organic solvents have great injury effects on the liver, eyeballs, skin and the like of the human body.
4. The prior art for producing hollow fiber has huge investment, and needs more than ten sections of washing tanks for cleaning and more than ten sections of hot air for drying. The water consumption is large, the energy consumption is high, the environmental pollution is easy, the rejection rate of the finished product is also high, the production cost is high, and the price of the finished product is directly high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems, and provides a flat-plate rolling type dialyzer which has the advantages of good wettability, easy cleaning, low water consumption, high yield, simple manufacturing process and the like, integrates the filtering and dialysis functions, filters the dialysate before dialysis, and avoids the pollution of blood caused by the entry of impurities into the blood along with the dialysate.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a flat-plate rolling type dialyzer comprises a dialysis mounting shell, a flat-plate composite membrane structure and a central tube for conveying dialysate;
the central tube is arranged in the dialysis mounting shell, and two ends of the central tube extend out of the dialysis mounting shell and are communicated with a pipeline for providing dialysate; the central tube is provided with a liquid inlet through hole and a liquid outlet through hole, and the liquid inlet through hole and the liquid outlet through hole are distributed along the axial direction; the inner cavity of the central tube is provided with a blocking part which divides the inner cavity of the central tube into two parts which are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet through hole and the liquid outlet through hole;
the flat composite membrane structure comprises two layers of membranes which are arranged in a lamination way and are fixedly connected, the space between the two layers of membranes is set into two flowing spaces, and the two spaces are provided with flowing openings; at one end provided with the flow opening, the film edges of the two layers of films are arranged in a staggered way to form liquid inlet and outlet openings of two flow spaces;
the flat composite membrane structure is wound on the outer side of the central tube, and the flow openings of the two flow spaces are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet through hole and the liquid outlet through hole of the central tube;
the dialysis mounting shell is characterized in that liquid inlets and liquid outlets are respectively formed in two ends of the dialysis mounting shell, and the liquid inlets, the membrane roll gap of the flat plate composite membrane structure and the liquid outlets are mutually communicated.
The working principle of the flat plate rolling type dialyzer is as follows:
during operation, blood to be dialyzed is introduced into the dialysis mounting shell through the liquid inlet, and flows downwards along the membrane roll gap (the membrane roll gap is the outer side gap of the membrane after rolling) of the flat plate composite membrane structure. At the same time, the dialysate is introduced into the central tube, flows downwards along the axial direction, flows out of one through hole under the blocking of the blocking part, enters the corresponding flow space through the flow opening communicated with the through hole, then flows forwards along the spiral-shaped flow space, permeates outwards along the membrane, and is fused with blood outside the membrane, and the fused mixed liquid continuously flows along the axial direction of the membrane roll gap. When the mixed liquid flows to a precipitation position, namely, the mixed liquid after fusion flows from the outer side of one flow space to the outer side of the other flow space, under the action of negative pressure, the dialysate carries waste (urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphorus or macromolecular substance B2-microglobulin and the like) in blood to permeate into the other flow space from a membrane coil gap, then flows back into a central tube from a flow opening of the other flow space through a corresponding through hole, flows to a dialysis circuit from the central tube, and is further processed; the dialyzed blood continues to flow downwards along the membrane roll gap, and finally flows back into the human body from the liquid outlet of the dialyzed mounting shell.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, an intercommunicating flow channel is provided between the two flow spaces.
Preferably, the flow channel is provided at an end remote from the flow opening.
Through the structure, when flowing forward along the spiral-shaped flowing space, one part of the dialysate can permeate out of the membrane and be fused with blood, and the other part of the dialysate can enter the other flowing space from the flowing channel, then returns to the central tube through the liquid inlet through hole, and finally flows to the dialysis circuit from the central tube. Like this, through opening two flow spaces, equivalent to opening the passageway of direct forward flow, when the dislysate permeates, can accelerate the flow of dislysate for the transport of dislysate is more smooth, is favorable to improving dialysis efficiency.
According to a preferred scheme of the invention, a plurality of liquid inlet through holes and liquid outlet through holes are formed, and the liquid inlet through holes and the liquid outlet through holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction respectively;
the plurality of flat composite membrane structures are rolled on the outer side of the central tube in an overlapping manner along the circumferential direction, and the flow openings of the plurality of flat composite membrane structures are respectively communicated with the corresponding liquid inlet through holes and the corresponding liquid outlet through holes. Through the structure, after the dialysate enters the central tube, the dialysate can enter the flowing spaces of different flat composite membrane structures from the through holes distributed along the circumferential direction respectively, and meanwhile, the dialysis operation is carried out, so that the dialysis efficiency can be improved, and a better dialysis effect can be obtained.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an intermediate layer is provided between the two membrane sheets in the flat composite membrane structure, and the intermediate layer is composed of an isolation net or a loose support.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the membrane at the bottom layer is a homogeneous membrane or an asymmetric semipermeable membrane or a composite semipermeable membrane with a supporting structure, and the membrane at the upper layer is an asymmetric semipermeable membrane or a composite semipermeable membrane with a loose supporting structure.
Preferably, the semipermeable membranes are co-directional or counter-directional to each other.
Preferably, the support structure of the composite semipermeable membrane forms a support in the direction of liquid flow.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow space corresponding to the liquid inlet through hole has a larger dimension in the axial direction than the flow space corresponding to the liquid outlet through hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow space is rectangular, one side opening constitutes the flow opening, and the other three sides are sealed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sealing edge is shared between the two flowing spaces, and three sides of the sealing edge can be sealed first to form a large pocket during the forming process, and then the large pocket is partitioned at the middle position and separated into two independent flowing spaces (dialysis bags).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the flat plate rolling type dialyzer adopts a flat plate rolling structure, blood flows in a film rolling gap after rolling without entering a high-pressure state, and a flow channel (film rolling gap) has a larger size, so that the phenomena of blood blockage and film rupture can not easily occur, and the curative effect of thrombus is improved.
2. Since blood flows in the membrane roll gap of the membrane, the membrane exchange area corresponds to the surface area of the whole membrane, no blockage is caused, and blood can fully contact with the dialysate to perform sufficient dialysis.
3. Before rolling and forming, the flat dialysis membrane structure can be flattened, and the inner and outer surfaces of the membrane are directly washed, so that the membrane is easy to wash, organic solvents can be thoroughly washed, the organic solvents are prevented from contacting blood to enter a human body, the liver, eyeballs, skin and the like of the human body are prevented from being damaged, the water consumption is saved, and the production cost is reduced.
4. Through setting up two flow spaces, let in one of them flow space with the dislysate earlier, when the dislysate was separated out from this flow space, be equivalent to utilizing the diaphragm to filter the dislysate, can filter the impurity in the dislysate, prevent impurity along with the blood that the dislysate got into to wait to dialyze and pollute blood.
5. Through integrating filtration and dialysis function in same dull and stereotyped complex film structure, not only can filter the dislysate before the dialysis, can also reduce whole dialysis unit's occupation space, simplify manufacturing procedure, reduction in production cost.
6. Because the flat dialysis membrane structure adopts a double-layer membrane rolling structure, a blood channel with extremely small aperture is not required to be manufactured, and the manufacturing difficulty and the production cost are reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a flat-plate wound-type dialyzer according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a flat-rolled dialyzer in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective exploded view of the flat-plate wound-type dialyzer according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a flat composite membrane structure and a central tube according to the present invention, in which a flat dialysis membrane structure for producing a dialyzer is in an unfolded state.
Fig. 5 is a radial sectional view of a flat-rolled dialyzer of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a flat composite membrane structure and a central tube according to the present invention, in which a flat dialysis membrane structure for producing a dialyzer is in an unfolded state.
Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of a third embodiment of a flat composite membrane structure in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a fourth embodiment of a flat composite membrane structure in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will well understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following describes the present invention further with reference to examples and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the flat-rolled dialyzer in the present embodiment comprises a dialysis mounting shell 1, a flat composite membrane structure 2, and a center tube 3 for transporting dialysate; the central tube 3 is arranged in the dialysis mounting shell 1, and two ends of the central tube 3 extend out of the dialysis mounting shell 1 and are communicated with a pipeline for providing dialysate; the central tube 3 is provided with a liquid outlet through hole 3-1 and a liquid inlet through hole 3-2, and the liquid outlet through hole 3-1 and the liquid inlet through hole 3-2 are distributed along the axial direction; the inner cavity of the central tube 3 is provided with a blocking part 3-3, and the blocking part 3-3 divides the inner cavity of the central tube 3 into two parts which are respectively communicated with the liquid outlet through hole 3-1 and the liquid inlet through hole 3-2.
An intermediate layer between the two layers of membrane sheets 2-1 is arranged in the flat composite membrane structure 2, and consists of an isolation net or a loose support.
Further, the membrane 2-1 positioned at the bottom layer is a homogeneous membrane or an asymmetric semipermeable membrane or a composite semipermeable membrane with a supporting structure, and the membrane 2-1 positioned at the upper layer is an asymmetric semipermeable membrane or a composite semipermeable membrane with a loose supporting structure.
Further, the semipermeable membranes are in the same direction or opposite directions; the support structure of the composite semipermeable membrane forms a support in the direction of liquid flow.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the flat composite membrane structure 2 comprises two layers of membranes 2-1 which are arranged in a laminated manner and fixedly connected, wherein the space between the two layers of membranes 2-1 is set into two mutually independent flowing spaces 2-1-1, and the two flowing spaces 2-1-1 are provided with flowing openings; in each flow space 2-1-1, the other parts except the flow openings are closed structures; at one end provided with the flow opening, the membrane edges of the two layers of membranes 2-1 are arranged in a staggered way, so that liquid inlet and outlet openings of the two flow spaces 2-1-1 are formed.
The flat composite membrane structure 2 is wound on the outer side of the central tube 3, and the flow openings of the two flow spaces 2-1-1 are respectively communicated with the liquid outlet through holes 3-1 and the liquid inlet through holes 3-2 of the central tube 3 (the membrane edges are connected at the corresponding positions of the two groups of through holes of the central tube 3 in a pasting mode); wherein the dimension of the flow space 2-1-1 corresponding to the liquid inlet through hole 3-2 in the axial direction is larger than the dimension of the flow space 2-1-1 corresponding to the liquid outlet through hole 3-1 in the axial direction.
The two ends of the dialysis mounting shell 1 are respectively provided with a liquid inlet 1-1 and a liquid outlet 1-2, and the liquid inlet 1-1, a membrane roll gap 5 of the flat composite membrane structure 2 and the liquid outlet 1-2 are mutually communicated.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the liquid outlet through holes 3-1 and the liquid inlet through holes 3-2 are respectively provided with four liquid outlet through holes 3-1 and liquid inlet through holes 3-2 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the four flat composite membrane structures 2 are rolled on the outer side of the central tube 3 in an overlapping manner along the circumferential direction, and the flow openings of the plurality of flat composite membrane structures 2 are respectively communicated with the corresponding liquid outlet through holes 3-1 and liquid inlet through holes 3-2. Through the structure, after the dialysate enters the central tube 3, the dialysate can enter the flowing spaces 2-1-1 of different flat composite membrane structures 2 from the through holes distributed along the circumferential direction respectively, and meanwhile, the dialysis operation is carried out, so that the dialysis efficiency can be improved, and a better dialysis effect can be obtained. Of course, the liquid outlet through holes 3-1 and the liquid inlet through holes 3-2 can be arranged in two, three, five or more.
Referring to fig. 4, the flow space 2-1-1 is rectangular, wherein one side opening constitutes the flow opening, and the other three sides are sealed.
The two flowing spaces 2-1-1 share one sealing edge, three edges of the two flowing spaces can be sealed firstly in the forming process to form a large pocket, then the large pocket is partitioned at the middle position, and the large pocket is separated into two independent flowing spaces 2-1-1 (dialysis bags).
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the flat-plate rolling dialyzer in this embodiment works as follows:
during operation, blood to be dialyzed is introduced into the dialysis mounting shell 1 through the liquid inlet 1-1, and flows downwards along the membrane roll gap 5 (the membrane roll gap 5 is the outer side gap of the membrane 2-1 after being rolled) of the flat plate composite membrane structure 2. At the same time, the dialysate is introduced into the central tube 3, flows downwards along the axial direction, flows out of the liquid outlet through hole 3-1 under the blocking of the blocking part 3-3, enters the corresponding flow space 2-1-1 through the flow opening communicated with the liquid outlet through hole 3-1, then flows forwards along the spiral-shaped flow space 2-1-1, permeates outwards, and is fused with blood outside the membrane, and the fused mixed liquid continues to flow along the axial direction of the membrane roll gap 5. When the mixed liquid flows to a precipitation position, that is, when the mixed liquid after fusion flows from the outer side of one flow space 2-1-1 to the outer side of the other flow space 2-1-1, under the action of negative pressure, the dialysate carries waste (urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphorus, macromolecular substances B2-microglobulin and the like) in blood to permeate into the other flow space 2-1-1 from the membrane roll gap 5, then flows back into the central tube 3 from the flow opening of the other flow space 2-1-1 through the liquid inlet through hole 3-2, and flows to a dialysis circuit from the central tube 3 for further treatment; the dialyzed blood continues to flow downwards along the membrane roll gap 5 and finally flows back into the human body from the liquid outlet 1-2 of the dialysis mounting shell 1.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 6, unlike embodiment 1, an intercommunicating flow passage 6 is provided between two flow spaces 2-1-1, the flow passage 6 being provided at an end remote from the flow opening. Through the above structure, when flowing forward along the spiral-shaped flow space, a part of the dialysate permeates out of the membrane and merges with blood, and the other part of the dialysate enters into the other flow space 2-1-1 from the flow channel 6, then returns to the central tube 3 through the liquid inlet through hole, and finally flows to the dialysis circuit from the central tube 3. Therefore, by opening the two flowing spaces 2-1-1, which is equivalent to opening a channel for direct forward flowing, the flowing of the dialysate can be quickened while the dialysate is permeated, so that the conveying of the dialysate is smoother, and the dialysis efficiency is improved.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 7, unlike embodiment 1, the sealing edge in this embodiment includes a straight edge and a circular arc edge. Of course, other sealing arrangements are possible.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 8, unlike embodiment 1, the gap having a certain distance between the two flow spaces 2-1-1 in this embodiment does not share one sealing edge; and an intercommunicating flow channel 6 is arranged between the two flow spaces 2-1-1.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention, and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, but rather as various changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The flat plate rolling type dialyzer is characterized by comprising a dialysis mounting shell, a flat plate composite membrane structure and a central tube for conveying dialysate;
the central tube is arranged in the dialysis mounting shell, and two ends of the central tube extend out of the dialysis mounting shell and are communicated with a pipeline for providing dialysate; the central tube is provided with a liquid inlet through hole and a liquid outlet through hole, and the liquid inlet through hole and the liquid outlet through hole are distributed along the axial direction; the inner cavity of the central tube is provided with a blocking part which divides the inner cavity of the central tube into two parts which are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet through hole and the liquid outlet through hole;
the flat composite membrane structure comprises two layers of membranes which are arranged in a lamination way and are fixedly connected, the space between the two layers of membranes is set into two flowing spaces, and the two spaces are provided with flowing openings; at one end provided with the flow opening, the film edges of the two layers of films are arranged in a staggered way to form liquid inlet and outlet openings of two flow spaces;
the flat composite membrane structure is wound on the outer side of the central tube, and the flow openings of the two flow spaces are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet through hole and the liquid outlet through hole of the central tube; the two ends of the dialysis mounting shell are respectively provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and the liquid inlet, a membrane roll gap of the flat composite membrane structure and the liquid outlet are communicated with each other; the film roll gap is the outside gap of the film after being rolled.
2. The flat wound dialyzer according to claim 1, wherein an intercommunicating flow channel is provided between the two flow spaces.
3. The flat wound dialyzer according to claim 2, wherein said flow channel is provided at an end remote from the flow opening.
4. The flat-plate rolling dialyzer according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of liquid inlet through holes and liquid outlet through holes are provided, and the plurality of liquid inlet through holes and the plurality of liquid outlet through holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
the plurality of flat composite membrane structures are rolled on the outer side of the central tube in an overlapping manner along the circumferential direction, and the flow openings of the plurality of flat composite membrane structures are respectively communicated with the corresponding liquid inlet through holes and the corresponding liquid outlet through holes.
5. The flat-plate wound dialyzer according to claim 1, wherein an intermediate layer between two membranes is provided in the flat-plate composite membrane structure, the intermediate layer being composed of a spacer mesh or a loose support.
6. The flat-rolled dialyzer according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the membrane at the bottom layer is a homogeneous membrane or an asymmetric semipermeable membrane or a composite semipermeable membrane with a supporting structure, and the membrane at the upper layer is an asymmetric semipermeable membrane or a composite semipermeable membrane with a loose supporting structure.
7. The flat wound dialyzer according to claim 6, wherein said semipermeable membranes are co-directional or counter-directional.
8. The flat wound dialyzer according to claim 6, wherein the support structure of the composite semipermeable membrane forms a support in the direction of the flow of the liquid.
9. The flat wound dialyzer according to claim 1, wherein said flow space is rectangular, wherein one side opening constitutes said flow opening and the remaining three sides are sealed against each other.
10. The flat wound dialyzer according to claim 9, wherein a sealing edge is shared between said two flow spaces.
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