CN113456319A - Test mould for knee joint replacement operation and revision operation thereof - Google Patents
Test mould for knee joint replacement operation and revision operation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113456319A CN113456319A CN202110755495.9A CN202110755495A CN113456319A CN 113456319 A CN113456319 A CN 113456319A CN 202110755495 A CN202110755495 A CN 202110755495A CN 113456319 A CN113456319 A CN 113456319A
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- gasket
- eccentric
- platform
- test mold
- inserted sheet
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 210000000629 knee joint Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000013150 knee replacement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 9
- 210000002303 tibia Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000006820 Arthralgia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000036487 Arthropathies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010065687 Bone loss Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000024779 Comminuted Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012659 Joint disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010062061 Knee deformity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001185 bone marrow Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003412 degenerative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000024765 knee pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000008482 osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002980 postoperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010048734 sclerotin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000001694 thigh bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4657—Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/38—Joints for elbows or knees
- A61F2/3836—Special connection between upper and lower leg, e.g. constrained
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/38—Joints for elbows or knees
- A61F2/3877—Patellae or trochleae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/468—Testing instruments for artificial joints
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4684—Trial or dummy prostheses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4657—Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints
- A61F2002/4658—Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints for measuring dimensions, e.g. length
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4657—Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints
- A61F2002/4668—Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints for measuring angles
Abstract
The invention discloses a test mold for knee joint replacement surgery and revision surgery, which comprises a platform substrate and a gasket test mold, wherein an insertion sheet is arranged between the platform substrate and the gasket test mold, an upper insertion sheet guide groove is arranged at the position of the lower end of the platform substrate, which corresponds to the insertion sheet, a lower insertion sheet guide groove is arranged at the position of the upper end of the gasket test mold, which corresponds to the insertion sheet, a first slide groove is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the insertion sheet, a guide bead is arranged at the position, which corresponds to the first slide groove, in the upper insertion sheet guide groove, gaps are reserved between the two sides of the insertion sheet and the upper insertion sheet guide groove and the lower insertion sheet guide groove, and the gaps are used for inserting the patch. According to the invention, the inserting sheet and the patch sheet are arranged between the platform substrate and the gasket test mold, so that the production cost of the test mold is reduced, the selection of a doctor is facilitated, meanwhile, the requirement on the precision of a measuring instrument is reduced, the requirement on the precision of judgment of the doctor is also reduced, and the operation time is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a test model for knee joint replacement surgery and revision surgery.
Background
The knee joint is an important weight bearing joint of the lower limb, and the structure and function of the knee joint are the most complicated of the joints of the human body. Degenerative knee joint arthropathy is a common disease of the elderly, and more patients need artificial knee joint replacement for serious knee joint osteoarthritis. The knee replacement can relieve knee pain, improve knee function, correct knee deformity and achieve long-term stability.
The selection of the specifications of the knee joint prosthesis is an important and complex link in the knee joint replacement surgery, wherein the selection of the gasket prosthesis and the tibial plateau prosthesis is a step after osteotomy, and comprises the steps of firstly using a measuring tool to measure a flexion gap and a extension gap between a femur and a tibia, then using a gasket test mold, a plateau prosthesis test mold and a femur condyle test mold to measure the gap conditions after the femur and the tibia are osteotomy together, and finally determining the specifications of the prosthesis according to the measurement result of the test molds.
The gasket test mold and the platform prosthesis test mold are collectively referred to as test molds, the existing test molds have four models, each model comprises eight thicknesses, namely thirty-six test molds, the test molds of various specifications lead to higher production cost of each set of prosthesis test mold, and lead to the fact that doctors need to accurately judge the appropriate test mold in the prostheses of various specifications according to measured data, once the judgment is inaccurate, the actions of installing the test mold and taking down the test mold need to be repeated, so that high requirements are brought to the doctors, and the operation time can be increased.
After the knee joint replacement operation is completed, after the tibia is used for a long time, the edge of the tibial platform can have serious bone abrasion, or the comminuted fracture and bone loss of the tibia are serious due to other reasons, the knee joint revision operation needs to be carried out, namely, the center of the residual tibial platform needs to be searched again, and a new tibial platform prosthesis is installed at the new center, so that the eccentric distance and the rotating angle are generated between the original tibial platform prosthesis and the new tibial platform prosthesis, while in the existing knee joint revision operation, a corresponding eccentric tibial platform prosthesis test mold is arranged, but the eccentric distance of the test mold can not be adjusted, so that the specification types of the eccentric tibial platform prosthesis test molds are more, the use is inconvenient, the size of the gasket test mold matched with the eccentric tibial platform prosthesis test mold is not adjustable, and the specifications of the gasket test molds are more and more, it is inconvenient to use.
The invention discloses a test mold for knee joint replacement surgery and revision surgery, wherein the same set of test mold system is used in the knee joint replacement surgery and the knee joint revision surgery, partial parts can be replaced when in use, and the test mold specification is reduced at the same time, thereby facilitating the operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a trial model for knee replacement surgery and revision surgery to solve the problems set forth in the background art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a test mold for knee joint replacement surgery and revision surgery comprises a platform substrate and a gasket test mold, wherein an insert is arranged between the platform substrate and the gasket test mold and used for increasing the thickness of the test mold, so that the test mold only has four models, and each model of test mold is provided with inserts of eight thicknesses, when a doctor selects the test mold, the model of the test mold is selected firstly, and then inserts of proper thickness are selected according to a bending clearance and a straightening clearance obtained through measurement, the design reduces the production cost of the test mold and facilitates the selection of the doctor, an upper insert guide groove is arranged at the position of the lower end of the platform substrate corresponding to the insert, a lower insert guide groove is arranged at the position of the upper end of the gasket test mold corresponding to the insert, the upper insert guide groove and the lower insert guide groove are used for reserving clearances so as to facilitate the insertion of the insert, and a first sliding groove is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the insert, the position corresponding to the first sliding groove in the guide groove on the inserting sheet is provided with a guide bead, when the inserting sheet is inserted, the first sliding groove slides along the guide bead for guiding the inserting sheet to be inserted, and the guide bead is used for generating a relative fixing effect on the inserting sheet to prevent the inserting sheet from falling off, gaps are reserved between the two sides of the inserting sheet and the guide groove on the inserting sheet and between the two sides of the guide groove under the inserting sheet, the gaps can facilitate the insertion of a patch, after a doctor puts a test mold into a bending gap and a straightening gap, if the size of the test mold is not proper, the size can be further confirmed by adding the patch, the actions of taking off the test mold, selecting the test mold and installing the test mold again are avoided, the requirement on the precision of a measuring instrument is reduced, the requirement on the precision judged by the doctor is also reduced, the operation time is reduced, the gaps are used for inserting the patch, and the patch is of a structure with an upper end face and two side faces, and the thickness is 1mm, can insert from the upper and lower both sides of inserted sheet, therefore after putting the examination mould into the bone gap, can also adjust 2 mm's size through the patch.
Preferably, the both sides of inserted sheet all are provided with and insert the inclined plane of joining in marriage, are located two of inserted sheet one side and insert and join in marriage the mirror image setting between the inclined plane, the patch both sides are provided with the supplementary inclined plane of joining in marriage, it is complementary with supplementary inclined plane shape to insert the inclined plane of joining in marriage, the shape of inserting the inclined plane of joining in marriage and complementing the inclined plane can make and have certain conjunction between inserted sheet and the patch, makes the patch can slide along the inserted sheet, and the guiding groove is to the inserted sheet effort in vertical direction under the guiding groove or the inserted sheet on the combination inserted sheet, can prevent that the patch from dropping.
Preferably, the patch is further provided with a second sliding groove, and when the patch is inserted into the upper guide groove of the patch or the lower guide groove of the patch, the function of the second sliding groove is the same as that of the first sliding groove.
Preferably, the insertion end of the patch is provided with a smooth inclined surface, and the smooth inclined surface enables the insertion end of the patch to be inserted into gaps between the insertion sheet and the upper guide groove and between the insertion sheet and the lower guide groove of the insertion sheet more easily.
Preferably, the one end of inserted sheet is provided with the drag hook, the drag hook is used for conveniently controlling the inserted sheet to the change of inserted sheet.
Preferably, the gasket examination mould includes upper portion gasket examination mould and lower part gasket examination mould, the material of upper portion gasket examination mould and gasket prosthesis is unanimous, is plastic products, lower part gasket examination mould is prepared by the carbide, has higher hardness, makes things convenient for the change of inserted sheet and patch, lower part gasket examination mould upper end is provided with a plurality of post archs, the gasket examination mould lower extreme is provided with the post groove with the position that the post arch corresponds, post arch and post groove are used for connecting upper portion gasket examination mould and lower part gasket examination mould, pass through the screw connection between upper portion gasket examination mould and the lower part gasket examination mould, the screw is used for fixed upper portion gasket examination mould and lower part gasket examination mould to combine post arch and post groove to form stable connected relation.
Preferably, platform base plate lower extreme still is provided with intramedullary thick bamboo, intramedullary thick bamboo is used for inserting the thighbone marrow intracavity, carries out relatively fixed to the examination mould, lower part gasket examination mould lower extreme is provided with the guide post, the guide post stretches into intramedullary thick bamboo in, when the inserted sheet was put into to the guide groove under guide groove and the inserted sheet on the inserted sheet, the guide post removed along intramedullary thick bamboo for prevent to break away from between lower part gasket examination mould and the platform base plate, the guide groove has been seted up on the intramedullary thick bamboo lateral wall, the position that the guide post corresponds with the guide groove is provided with the guide pin, the guide pin stretches into in the guide groove, guide pin and guide groove are used for preventing to take place relative rotation between lower part gasket examination mould and the platform base plate.
Preferably, the guide post spiro union makes the guide post can dismantle on the gasket examination mould of lower part, platform base plate middle part trompil, and set up an inner edge protruding and the groove of splining in this hole department, intramedullary thick stick upper portion is provided with outer fringe protruding and the piece of splining, outer fringe protruding is arranged in on an inner edge protruding, so with intramedullary thick stick detachable connect on the platform base plate, be convenient for in subsequent knee joint revision operation, replace the eccentric post on the platform base plate, the piece of splining is arranged in the groove of splining for prevent intramedullary thick stick circumferential direction from rotating, the guiding groove extends to the upper edge of intramedullary thick stick, makes the guide post can deviate from intramedullary thick stick, conveniently dismantles the guide post.
Preferably, the lower end of the platform substrate is provided with an eccentric column, the eccentric distance of the eccentric column is 4mm, the eccentric column is used for being inserted into a femoral medullary cavity to determine the specification and the model of a new tibial platform prosthesis, the upper end surface of the eccentric column is provided with eccentric scales, the upper end of the eccentric column is provided with an eccentric platform, the eccentric platform is sleeved on the eccentric column under certain interference effect and can slightly rotate, the eccentric platform is rotated to enable the eccentric platform and the eccentric column to relatively rotate, the eccentric distance of the eccentric column can be adjusted to realize the adjustment of the eccentric distance of-2 mm to +2mm, the eccentric scales are indicated, the upper end surface of the eccentric platform is provided with angle scales, the platform substrate is rotated to enable the platform substrate and the eccentric platform to relatively rotate, and the angle scales can indicate the rotating angle of the platform substrate to indicate the rotating angle of the platform substrate, the specification of the tibial plateau prosthesis is selected, the middle part of the plateau base plate is provided with a hole, a second inner edge projection is arranged at the hole, the eccentric plateau is arranged on the second inner edge projection, and thus the eccentric plateau can be detachably arranged on the plateau base plate.
Preferably, No. two protruding upper ends of inner edge still are provided with the annular, the lateral part of eccentric platform is provided with the through-hole with the position that the annular corresponds, ball, spring, pin have been set gradually to the one end of keeping away from the annular in the through-hole from the one end that is close to the annular, one side of ball stretches out the through-hole outer and contact in the annular, the pin is used for the butt spring, prevents that the spring from popping out the through-hole, the ball hugs closely in the annular under the spring action of spring, when making between eccentric platform and the platform base plate relative rotation, has certain limiting displacement, makes relative rotation and relatively fixed between the two.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the knee joint replacement surgery, proper test dies and insertion pieces can be selected by measuring the size of a gap by a measuring tool, the insertion pieces are placed in the test dies, the thickness of the test dies is adjusted, the number of the test dies is reduced by the insertion pieces, the selection of doctors is facilitated, and meanwhile, the production cost of the test dies is reduced; then, the test model is placed at the knee joint to verify whether the test model with the specification and the thickness is proper, if not, a patch can be inserted into the test model to further confirm the size, so that the actions of taking down the test model, selecting the test model and installing the test model again are avoided, the requirement on the precision of a measuring instrument is reduced, the requirement on the precision of judgment of a doctor is also reduced, and the operation time is reduced;
2. according to the invention, the intramedullary column sleeve is detachably arranged on the platform substrate, the guide column is detachably arranged on the gasket trial mold, and the eccentric column and the eccentric platform which are detachably arranged are arranged, so that the set of trial mold system can be simultaneously applied to knee joint replacement surgery and knee joint revision surgery, the application range of the trial mold system is improved, the number of trial molds in two sets of surgery is reduced, and the production cost is reduced;
3. according to the invention, the eccentric scales are arranged on the upper end surface of the eccentric column, the eccentric platform is arranged on the eccentric column, the angle scales are arranged on the upper end surface of the eccentric platform, the eccentric distance can be adjusted by rotating the eccentric platform in the knee joint revision surgery, the platform base plate and the eccentric platform rotate relatively by rotating the platform base plate, the rotating angle of the platform base plate is adjusted, and a more accurate tibial platform and prosthesis are selected according to the eccentric distance and the rotating angle, so that sclerotin is reserved to the maximum degree, and the postoperative recovery movement of a patient is ensured to be as fast as possible.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a trial of the present invention for use in a knee replacement procedure and revision procedure thereof;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a trial of the present invention for use in a knee replacement procedure and revision procedure thereof;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the insert of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the patch of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a gasket trial of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a platen base and lower shim trial of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the platform base plate and intramedullary shaft of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the platform base plate, eccentric post, eccentric platform of the present invention;
in the figure: a platform substrate-1; testing a gasket in a mold-2; an inserting sheet-3; a guiding groove-4 on the plug; a lower inserting piece guiding groove-5; a first chute-6; guide beads-7; patch-8; intramedullary cylinder-9; a guide post-10; a guide groove-11; a guide pin-12; a first inner edge projection-13; a rotation stopping groove-14; outer edge convex-15; a rotation stopping block-16; an eccentric column-17; an eccentric platform-18; second inner edge convex-19; ring groove-20; ball-21; a spring-22; pin-23; an insertion inclined plane-24; supplementing and matching an inclined plane-25; a second chute-26; smooth bevel-27; a draw hook-28; upper pad trial-29; lower gasket trial-30; post convex-31; column groove-32; screw-33.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b): the invention provides a technical scheme, as shown in figures 1-2, a test mold for knee joint replacement surgery and revision surgery comprises a platform substrate 1 and a gasket test mold 2, wherein an insert 3 is arranged between the platform substrate 1 and the gasket test mold 2, the insert 3 is used for increasing the thickness of the test mold, so that the test mold only has four models, and eight types of inserts 3 are arranged for each model, when a doctor selects the test mold, the model of the test mold is selected first, and then the insert with proper thickness is selected according to the measured bending clearance and straightening clearance, the design reduces the production cost of the test mold and facilitates the selection of the doctor, an insert upper guide groove 4 is arranged at the position of the lower end of the platform substrate 1 corresponding to the insert 3, an insert lower guide groove 5 is arranged at the position of the upper end of the gasket test mold 2 corresponding to the insert 3, and the insert upper guide groove 4 and the insert lower guide groove 5 are used for leaving a clearance to facilitate the insertion of the insert 3, the upper end and the lower end of the inserting sheet 3 are respectively provided with a first sliding groove 6, a guide ball 7 is arranged at a position corresponding to the first sliding groove 6 in the guide groove 4 on the inserting sheet, when the inserting sheet 3 is inserted, the first sliding groove 6 slides along the guide ball 7 for guiding the insertion of the inserting sheet 3, and the guide ball 7 is used for generating a relative fixing action on the inserting sheet 3 to prevent the inserting sheet 3 from falling off, gaps are reserved between the two sides of the inserting sheet 3 and the guide groove 4 on the inserting sheet and the guide groove 5 under the inserting sheet, namely the position a in figure 1, the gaps can facilitate the insertion of a patching sheet 8, after a doctor places a test mold into a bending gap and a straightening gap, if the size of the test mold is considered to be improper, the size can be further confirmed by supplementing the patching sheet 8, the actions of taking off the test mold, selecting the test mold and installing the test mold again are avoided, the requirement on the accuracy of measuring instruments is reduced, and the requirement on the accuracy judged by the doctor is also reduced, the operation time is reduced, the gap is used for inserting the patch 8, the patch 8 is of a structure with an upper end surface and two side surfaces, the thickness is 1mm, and the patch can be inserted from the upper side and the lower side of the insertion sheet 3, so that the size of 2mm can be adjusted through the patch after the test die is placed in a bone gap.
As shown in fig. 3-4, the two sides of the insertion sheet 3 are provided with insertion inclined surfaces 24, two insertion inclined surfaces 24 on one side of the insertion sheet 3 are arranged in a mirror image manner, complementary inclined surfaces 25 are arranged on two sides of the patch 8, the insertion inclined surfaces 24 and the complementary inclined surfaces 25 are complementary in shape, the insertion inclined surfaces 24 and the complementary inclined surfaces 25 are in shape, so that the insertion sheet 3 and the patch 8 have a certain matching effect, the patch 8 can slide along the insertion sheet 3, and the patch 8 can be prevented from dropping by combining the acting force of the upper guide groove 4 of the insertion sheet or the lower guide groove 5 of the insertion sheet on the vertical direction of the insertion sheet 3.
As shown in fig. 4, the patch 8 is further provided with a second sliding groove 26, and when the patch 8 is inserted into the upper insert guiding groove 4 or the lower insert guiding groove 5, the function of the second sliding groove 26 is the same as that of the first sliding groove 6.
As shown in fig. 4, the insertion end of the patch 8 is provided with a smooth bevel 27, and the smooth bevel 27 makes the insertion end of the patch 8 more easily inserted into the gaps between the insert sheet 3 and the insert sheet upper guide groove 4 and the insert sheet lower guide groove 5.
As shown in fig. 3, a draw hook 28 is disposed at one end of the inserting sheet 3, and the draw hook 28 is used for conveniently holding the inserting sheet 3, so as to facilitate the replacement of the inserting sheet 3.
As shown in fig. 5, the gasket test mold 2 includes an upper gasket test mold 29 and a lower gasket test mold 30, the upper gasket test mold 29 and the gasket prosthesis are made of plastic, the lower gasket test mold 30 is made of hard metal and has high hardness, which facilitates replacement of the insert 3 and the patch 8, the upper end of the lower gasket test mold 30 is provided with a plurality of column protrusions 31, the lower end of the gasket test mold 29 is provided with column grooves 32 corresponding to the column protrusions 31, the column protrusions 31 and the column grooves 32 are used for connecting the upper gasket test mold 29 and the lower gasket test mold 30, the upper gasket test mold 29 and the lower gasket test mold 30 are connected by screws 33, the screws 33 are used for fixing the upper gasket test mold 29 and the lower gasket test mold 30, and the column protrusions 31 and the column grooves 32 form a stable connection relationship.
As shown in fig. 6 to 7, the lower end of the platform substrate 1 is further provided with an intramedullary cylinder 9, the intramedullary cylinder 9 is used for being inserted into a femoral medullary cavity to relatively fix the trial mold, the lower end of the lower shim trial mold 30 is provided with a guide post 10, the guide post 10 extends into the intramedullary cylinder 9, when the insert 3 is inserted into the insert upper guide groove 4 and the insert lower guide groove 5, the guide post 10 moves along the intramedullary cylinder 9 to prevent the separation between the lower shim trial mold 30 and the platform substrate 1, the side wall of the intramedullary cylinder 9 is provided with a guide groove 11, a guide pin 12 is arranged at a position corresponding to the guide groove 11 of the guide post 10, the guide pin 12 extends into the guide groove 11, and the guide pin 12 and the guide groove 11 are used for preventing the relative rotation between the lower shim trial mold 30 and the platform substrate 1.
As shown in fig. 7, the guiding column 10 is screwed on the lower gasket trial mold 30, so that the guiding column 10 is detachable, the middle part of the platform base plate 1 is provided with a hole, and a first inner edge projection 13 and a rotation stopping groove 14 are arranged at the hole, the upper part of the intramedullary cylinder 9 is provided with an outer edge projection 15 and a rotation stopping block 16, the outer edge projection 15 is arranged on the first inner edge projection 13, so that the intramedullary cylinder 9 is detachably connected on the platform base plate 1, an eccentric column 17 is conveniently replaced on the platform base plate 1 in the subsequent knee joint revision surgery, the rotation stopping block 16 is arranged in the rotation stopping groove 14 and is used for preventing the intramedullary cylinder 9 from rotating circumferentially, and the guiding groove 11 extends to the upper edge of the intramedullary cylinder 9, so that the guiding column 10 can be separated from the intramedullary cylinder 9, and the guiding column 10 is convenient to detach.
Referring to fig. 8, an eccentric column 17 is provided at the lower end of the platform base plate 1, the eccentric distance of the eccentric column 17 is 4mm, and is used for inserting into a femoral medullary cavity to determine the specification and model of a new tibial platform prosthesis, an eccentric scale is provided on the upper end surface of the eccentric column 17, an eccentric platform 18 is provided at the upper end of the eccentric column 17, the eccentric platform 18 is sleeved on the eccentric column 17 under certain interference, the eccentric column 17 can slightly rotate, the eccentric platform 18 is rotated to enable the eccentric platform 18 and the eccentric column 17 to relatively rotate, the eccentric distance of the eccentric column 17 can be adjusted to realize the adjustment of the eccentric distance of-2 mm to +2mm, and is indicated by the eccentric scale, an angle scale is provided on the upper end surface of the eccentric platform 18, the platform base plate 1 is rotated to enable the platform base plate 1 and the eccentric platform 18 to relatively rotate, the angle scale can indicate the rotation angle of the platform base plate 1 to indicate the rotation angle of the platform base plate 1, therefore, the specification of the tibial plateau prosthesis is selected, the middle part of the plateau base plate 1 is provided with a hole, a second inner edge projection 19 is arranged at the hole, the eccentric platform 18 is arranged on the second inner edge projection 19, and the eccentric platform 18 is detachably arranged on the plateau base plate 1.
As shown in fig. 8, an annular groove 20 is further provided at the upper end of the second inner edge protrusion 19, a through hole is provided at a position corresponding to the annular groove 20 at the side portion of the eccentric platform 18, a ball 21, a spring 22, and a pin 23 are sequentially provided in the through hole from one end close to the annular groove 20 to one end far from the annular groove 20, one side of the ball 21 extends out of the through hole and contacts with the annular groove 20, the pin 23 is used for abutting against the spring 22 to prevent the spring 22 from popping out of the through hole, the ball 21 clings to the annular groove 20 under the elastic force of the spring 22, so that when the eccentric platform 18 and the platform substrate 1 rotate relatively, a certain limiting effect is provided, and the eccentric platform 18 and the platform substrate 1 can rotate relatively and be fixed relatively.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: in the knee joint replacement surgery, after the tibia and the femur are osteotomized, firstly, a measuring tool is used for measuring a flexion gap and a straightening gap between the femur and the tibia, then, a gasket test model and a platform prosthesis test model are used for measuring the gap condition of the femur and the tibia after the osteotomy in cooperation with a femoral condyle test model, and finally, the specification of the prosthesis is determined according to the measurement result of the test models;
according to the flexion gap and the extension gap, selecting a proper platform substrate 1 and a proper gasket trial mold 2, screwing a guide column 10 on the gasket trial mold 2, installing an intramedullary cylinder 9 on the platform substrate 1, extending the guide column 10 into the intramedullary cylinder 9, connecting the platform substrate 1 with the gasket trial mold 2, inserting a proper insert 3 into an insert upper guide groove 4 and an insert lower guide groove 5, inserting the intramedullary cylinder 9 into a tibial medullary cavity, and placing the whole trial mold at the knee joint, wherein a doctor judges whether the specification of the trial mold is proper or not, and if the doctor considers that the size of the trial mold is not proper, the size can be further confirmed by supplementing a patch 8;
in the knee joint revision surgery, a new tibia osteotomy platform is obtained by osteotomy of a worn part of the tibia, then a measuring tool is used for measuring the eccentricity and the rotation angle between a platform prosthesis to be newly installed and an original platform prosthesis, according to the measured values, the eccentricity of the eccentric column 17 is adjusted by rotating the eccentric platform 18, then the eccentric column 17 and the eccentric platform 18 are installed on the platform base plate 1, the rotation angle of the platform base plate 1 is adjusted by rotating the platform base plate 1, then the eccentric column 17 is placed in a femoral bone marrow cavity, the adjusted platform base plate 1 is combined with the gasket trial model 2, the insert 3, the patch 8 and the like to be placed at the knee joint, and the final prosthesis specification is confirmed.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A examination mould that is used for knee joint replacement operation and renovates operation thereof includes platform base plate (1) and gasket examination mould (2), its characterized in that: be provided with inserted sheet (3) between platform base plate (1) and the gasket examination mould (2), platform base plate (1) lower extreme is provided with guiding groove (4) on the inserted sheet with the position that inserted sheet (3) correspond, the position that gasket examination mould (2) upper end and inserted sheet (3) correspond is provided with guiding groove (5) under the inserted sheet, the last lower extreme of inserted sheet (3) all is provided with spout (6) No. one, be provided with guide pearl (7) with the position that spout (6) correspond in guiding groove (4) on the inserted sheet, leave the space between guiding groove (4), the inserted sheet on inserted sheet (3) both sides and the inserted sheet under guiding groove (4), the inserted sheet, this space is used for inserting patch (8).
2. The trial model for knee replacement surgery and revision surgery according to claim 1, wherein: the both sides of inserted sheet (3) all are provided with and insert and join in marriage inclined plane (24), and two that are located inserted sheet (3) one side are inserted and are joined in marriage the mirror image setting between inclined plane (24), patch (8) both sides are provided with and mend and join in marriage inclined plane (25), it is complementary with supplementary inclined plane (25) shape to insert to join in marriage inclined plane (24).
3. The trial model for knee replacement surgery and revision surgery according to claim 1, wherein: the patch (8) is also provided with a second sliding groove (26).
4. The trial model for knee replacement surgery and revision surgery according to claim 1, wherein: the insertion end of the patch (8) is provided with a smooth bevel (27).
5. The trial model for knee replacement surgery and revision surgery according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the inserting piece (3) is provided with a drag hook (28).
6. The trial model for knee replacement surgery and revision surgery according to claim 1, wherein: the gasket test mold (2) comprises an upper gasket test mold (29) and a lower gasket test mold (30), a plurality of column protrusions (31) are arranged at the upper end of the lower gasket test mold (30), column grooves (32) are formed in positions, corresponding to the column protrusions (31), of the lower end of the gasket test mold (29), and the upper gasket test mold (29) is connected with the lower gasket test mold (30) through screws (33).
7. The trial model for knee replacement surgery and revision surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the utility model discloses a guide plate, including platform base plate (1), lower part gasket examination mould (30), guide post (10) have been seted up to guide post (10), guide post (10) stretch into intramedullary thick pillar (9), guiding groove (11) have been seted up on intramedullary thick pillar (9) lateral wall, the position that guiding post (10) and guiding groove (11) correspond is provided with guide pin (12), guide pin (12) stretch into in guiding groove (11).
8. The trial for knee replacement surgery and revision surgery of claim 7, wherein: the guide post (10) is in threaded connection with a lower gasket trial mold (30), the middle of the platform base plate (1) is provided with a hole, a first inner edge protrusion (13) and a rotation stopping groove (14) are arranged at the hole, an outer edge protrusion (15) and a rotation stopping block (16) are arranged on the upper portion of the intramedullary cylinder (9), the outer edge protrusion (15) is arranged on the first inner edge protrusion (13), the rotation stopping block (16) is arranged in the rotation stopping groove (14), and the guide groove (11) extends to the upper edge of the intramedullary cylinder (9).
9. The trial model for knee replacement surgery and revision surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the utility model discloses a platform base plate, including platform base plate (1), eccentric post (17) are provided with to platform base plate (1) lower extreme, be provided with eccentric scale on the up end of eccentric post (17), eccentric post (17) upper end is provided with eccentric platform (18), be provided with the angle scale on the up end of eccentric platform (18), platform base plate (1) middle part trompil, and set up No. two inner edge protruding (19) in this hole department, eccentric platform (18) are arranged in on No. two inner edge protruding (19).
10. A trial for a knee replacement procedure and revision procedure therefor according to claim 9, wherein: no. two protruding (19) upper ends of inner edge still are provided with annular (20), the lateral part of eccentric platform (18) is provided with the through-hole with the position that annular (20) correspond, ball (21), spring (22), pin (23) have set gradually to the one end of keeping away from annular (20) from the one end that is close annular (20) in the through-hole, one side of ball (21) is stretched out outside the through-hole and is contacted in annular (20).
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| CN202110755495.9A CN113456319B (en) | 2021-07-05 | 2021-07-05 | Test mold for knee joint replacement operation and revision operation thereof |
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| CN113456319B CN113456319B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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| CN105342667A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-02-24 | 嘉思特华剑医疗器材(天津)有限公司 | Precise eccentric distance knee joint tool module system |
| CN110051456A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2019-07-26 | 苏州微创关节医疗科技有限公司 | Modularization bends and stretches clearance checking scale/tibial prosthesis die trial |
| US20200246149A1 (en) * | 2019-02-05 | 2020-08-06 | Depuy Ireland Unlimited Company | Orthopaedic prosthetic system for a rotating hinged-knee prosthesis |
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| CN113456319B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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