CN113455503B - Medicine composition for preventing and treating mulberry sclerotinia and preventing and treating method - Google Patents
Medicine composition for preventing and treating mulberry sclerotinia and preventing and treating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113455503B CN113455503B CN202110764543.0A CN202110764543A CN113455503B CN 113455503 B CN113455503 B CN 113455503B CN 202110764543 A CN202110764543 A CN 202110764543A CN 113455503 B CN113455503 B CN 113455503B
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- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 241000221662 Sclerotinia Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- QXJKBPAVAHBARF-BETUJISGSA-N procymidone Chemical compound O=C([C@]1(C)C[C@@]1(C1=O)C)N1C1=CC(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1 QXJKBPAVAHBARF-BETUJISGSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OXOKTPUZOHPXSA-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);n-propyl-n-[2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy)ethyl]imidazole-1-carboxamide;dichloride Chemical class Cl[Mn]Cl.C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N(CCC)CCOC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C1Cl.C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N(CCC)CCOC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C1Cl.C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N(CCC)CCOC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C1Cl.C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N(CCC)CCOC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OXOKTPUZOHPXSA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- BQYJATMQXGBDHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N difenoconazole Chemical compound O1C(C)COC1(C=1C(=CC(OC=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=CC=1)Cl)CN1N=CN=C1 BQYJATMQXGBDHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BBXFVDGUPMYLQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2H-pyrrol-2-id-3-one Chemical compound N1=[C-]C(C=C1)=O BBXFVDGUPMYLQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- PTCGDEVVHUXTMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N flutolanil Chemical compound CC(C)OC1=CC=CC(NC(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(F)(F)F)=C1 PTCGDEVVHUXTMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HSOOKAUTXUMGEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese urea zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Mn].NC(=O)N HSOOKAUTXUMGEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N37/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof the nitrogen atom being directly attached to an aromatic ring system, e.g. anilides
- A01N37/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof the nitrogen atom being directly attached to an aromatic ring system, e.g. anilides containing at least one oxygen or sulfur atom being directly attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N37/32—Cyclic imides of polybasic carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/38—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< where at least one nitrogen atom is part of a heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
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- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention relates to a medicine composition for preventing and treating mulberry sclerotinia sclerotiorum and a prevention and treatment method. The medicine composition comprises: 800-1200 times of 50% procymidone wettable powder, 800-1200 times of 50% prochloraz manganese salt wettable powder and 800-1200 times of 42.4% azolyl ether-flutolanil suspension emulsifiable concentrate. The medicinal composition is prepared by combining conventional medicaments, and is respectively sprayed in the leaf-opening stage, the flower spike forming stage, the initial flowering stage and the full flowering stage of mulberry in a combined manner, so that the excellent control effect on mulberry sclerotinia rot can be exerted, and the pesticide residue can be remarkably reduced to meet the national food requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mulberry pest control, in particular to a medicine composition for controlling mulberry sclerotinia rot and a control method.
Background
Mulberry is an economic plant growing for many years, widely planted in asia, europe, america and africa, used in silk industry for thousands of years in the past, and mulberry is regarded as a treasure in fruit and popular with consumers due to its unique flavor and good taste. However, in the industrial development, the mulberry sclerotiniose has a fierce trend and a quick onset, the incidence rate is as high as 30% -90%, and in some areas, the mulberry fruit cannot be produced due to diseases in thousands of mu of mulberry orchard, which causes destructive damage to the mulberry industry.
Morous alba can be attacked by sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Ciboria shiriana), Sclerotinula sericata (Sclerotinirula shiriana) and Ciboria caruncularides (Ciboria carunculoides) pathogens to develop sclerotinia sclerotiorum disease. The mulberry sclerotiniose is mainly prevented and controlled by chemical agents in production, and some agricultural measures such as removing diseased branches and fruits, reasonably planting, deeply ploughing soil, reasonably applying fertilizer, covering mulching films and the like can reduce the occurrence of diseases to a certain extent, but cannot fundamentally control the diseases.
In addition, some microorganisms having antagonistic action against morula sclerotiorum, such as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillus thuringiensis), Enterobacter (Enterobacter sp.), Trichoderma harzianum (Trichoderma harzianum), Trichoderma asperellum (Trichoderma asperellum), and the like, have been found, but the field control effect is not satisfactory.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide an effective pharmaceutical composition or method for field control of morula sclerotinia.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating mulberry sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which comprises the following components: 50% of procymidone 800-1200 times of solution, 50% of prochloraz manganese salt 800-1200 times of solution and 42.4% of azolyl ether-flutolanil 800-1200 times of solution.
In the embodiment of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition comprises 50% procymidone 1000 times solution, 50% prochloraz manganese 1000 times solution and 42.4% azoleth-flutolanil 1000 times solution.
In the embodiment of the invention, the medicine composition further comprises 200-400 times of bacillus subtilis liquid and 200-400 times of trichoderma harzianum liquid.
In the embodiment of the invention, the medicine composition further comprises 300 times of bacillus subtilis liquid and 300 times of trichoderma harzianum liquid.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a method for preventing and treating mulberry sclerotiniose, which sprays the medicine combination or at least one of the medicines related to the first aspect on branches, leaves and/or roots of mulberry at the leaf opening stage, the spike formation stage, the initial flowering stage and the full flowering stage of the mulberry respectively.
In the embodiment of the invention, 50% of prochloraz-manganese chloride complex and 42.4% of azoleth-fluoroamide are sprayed in the leaf-opening period, 50% of procymidone and 42.4% of azoleth-fluoroamide are sprayed in the flower spike forming period, and 50% of procymidone are respectively sprayed in the initial flowering period and the full flowering period.
In the embodiment of the invention, after bacillus subtilis liquid and trichoderma harzianum liquid are firstly sprayed on the roots of mulberry plants in the leaf opening period, 50% of prochloraz manganese salt and 42.4% of azolidone-flutolanil are sprayed after 1-2 days.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the bacillus subtilis liquid and the trichoderma harzianum liquid are firstly sprayed on the roots of mulberry plants in the formation period of the flower spikes, 50% of procymidone and 42.4% of azolidone and flutolanil are sprayed after 1-2 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the mulberry sclerotinia prevention and treatment drug combination provided by the invention is combined by adopting conventional medicaments, and is respectively sprayed in the leaf-opening stage, the spike formation stage, the initial flowering stage and the full flowering stage of mulberry in a combined manner, so that the excellent prevention and treatment effect on mulberry sclerotinia can be exerted, and the pesticide residue can be obviously reduced to meet the national food requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a chart of morula sclerotinia disease grade division provided in the example of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the growth of mulberry field in spraying in 2019, which is provided by the embodiment of the present invention, including a term a, a term b, a leaf-opening period, a term c, an initial flowering period, and a term d.
Fig. 3 shows the growth of a mulberry field in 2020 pesticide spraying according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a is a magpie at the mouth stage, b is the leaf opening stage, c is the spike formation stage, d is the initial flowering stage, and e is the full flowering stage.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
On the basis of screening effective medicaments in a laboratory, the embodiment of the invention researches the control effects of different medicaments, different pesticide spraying periods and biocontrol bacteria on the morula sclerotiorum in a test base of the moustache city, detects and analyzes mulberry pesticide residues, combines the resistance evaluation of mulberry varieties on the morula sclerotiorum, summarizes a set of mulberry sclerotiorum green control technology, and provides reference basis for effectively controlling the morula and mulberry edible safety.
1. Materials and methods
1.1 materials
Reagent to be tested: 50% prochloraz manganese salt wettable powder, 50% iprodione suspending agent, Suzhou Fumei plant protection agent Co., Ltd; 42.4% oxazoleether-flutolamide suspension concentrate, basf plant protection (Jiangsu) Ltd; 50% carbendazim wettable powder, Jiangsu Lanfeng biochemistry corporation; 30% pentoxazole carbendazim suspension, Jiangsu Longdeng Chemicals, Inc.; wettable powder of 50% procymidone wettable powder, Shanxi Yi agricultural high-tech pharmaceutical Co., Ltd; 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, japan caoda corporation; 40% dimetachlone wettable powder, Jiangxi Heyi chemical industry Co., Ltd; 30% difenoconazole, shandongyi jia agrichemical limited; 12.5% tetraconazole aqueous emulsion, saybolt italica; 60% Azole Ether-Thiram Water dispersible granule, Pasteur Europe; 40% flusilazole emulsifiable concentrate, 72% cymoxanil mancozeb wettable powder, DuPont, USA; bacillus subtilis powder, 10 hundred million/g, Shandong LvLong Biotech Co., Ltd; trichoderma harzianum powder, 200 hundred million/g, Shandong LvLong Biotech Co., Ltd.
Test sclerotinia-causing strains: the strain of Acridium sanguineum (CCTCC AF 2014019) is purchased from China center for type culture Collection.
Culture medium: potato dextrose agar medium: 200g of potato, 20g of glucose and 20g of agar, and distilled water is added to a constant volume of 1L, and the mixture is sterilized at 121 ℃ for 25 min.
The instrument comprises the following steps: HP250GS-C model Intelligent climatic Box, Wuhan Ruihua instruments and Equipment, Inc., clean bench SW-CJ-2FD, Suzhou Su clean Equipment, Inc.
1.2 methods
1.2.1 hypha inhibition of Mulberry fruit sclerotinia sclerotiorum by different test drugs
The method is characterized in that a hypha growth rate method is adopted for determination (Control of colloid particles in strand fiber unit laboratory, greenhouse, and field conditions. plant disease 1997,81(7):749-752.), 13 test reagents are prepared into 5 drug-containing PDA plates with different concentrations by using sterile water, hypha blocks with the diameter of 6mm of 5d are inoculated to the center of the plate, each concentration is repeated for 5 times, the plate is cultured in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃, the diameter of the bacterial colony is measured by using a cross method after 7d, and the relative bacteriostasis rate is calculated.
The relative inhibition rate is [ (control colony diameter-hypha block diameter) - (treatment colony diameter-hypha block diameter)]V (diameter of control colony-diameter of hyphal mass) × 100%. Taking the logarithm value of the concentration of the medicament as x and the probability value of the relative inhibition rate of the growth of hypha as y, and calculating the toxicity regression equation, the correlation coefficient r and the EC of each bactericide by using DPS 3.01 software50(median effective concentration), the probability corresponding to the inhibition ratio of 50%.
1.2.2 screening of drug combinations for the prevention and treatment of Morous alba sclerotinia
This example was conducted in 2019 to screen for combinations of agents in the home as shown in table 1 below. The agents in table 1 are all the dosage forms and dosages corresponding to the products purchased from the above-mentioned source companies, and correspond to "two times of liquid" as the dilution multiple of the drug liquid, for example, a 1000 times of liquid 50% procymidone wettable powder is a liquid formed by dissolving 1g of 50% procymidone wettable powder in 1000mL of water; the 2000-fold liquid 42.4% oxazole ether-fluoroamide suspending agent is a liquid formed by diluting and uniformly mixing 1mL of 42.4% oxazole ether-fluoroamide suspending agent in 2000mL of water; the 300-time bacillus subtilis solution is a liquid formed by dissolving and diluting 1g of 10 hundred million/g of bacteria powder in 300mL of water; 300 times of the liquid of Trichoderma harzianum strain is a liquid prepared by dissolving and diluting 1g of 200 hundred million/g of strain powder in 300mL of water.
In the actual spraying process, the dosage of each medicine is approximately the same, and the medicines are different at different periods. For example, approximately 500mL is sprayed per tree at the age of magpie mouth and leaf opening, approximately 800mL is sprayed per tree at the ear formation and early flowering stages, and approximately 1250mL is sprayed per tree at the full and late flowering stages.
The term "pharmaceutical combination" as used herein refers to a combination of agents, and does not directly refer to a combination of agents formulated into a particular dosage form. In Table 1, "-" indicates that the liquid medicine was sprayed.
TABLE 1
Each example and each comparative example respectively treats 3 cells, each cell has 2-3 mulberries and 3 repetitions, and each treatment cell adopts random block arrangement. Spraying 1 time respectively in 3 months 6 days (magpie mouth period), 3 months 14 days (leaf-opening period), 3 months 22 days (spike formation period) and 4 months 3 days (initial flowering period), and spraying all the agents simultaneously. 20 days after the last application, investigation was performed and pesticide residue was detected. Randomly surveying 9 branches per mulberry, surveying the length of each branch to be 1m, recording the total fruit number and the diseased fruit number of the 1m branches, and calculating the morbidity and the correcting and preventing effect of each embodiment and comparative example.
Incidence (%) ═ number of diseased fruit pieces/total fruit pieces × 100%;
the correction control effect (%) (incidence of disease in the clear water control treatment area-incidence of disease in the treatment area)/incidence of disease in the treatment area x 100.
1.2.3 prevention and treatment of Morous alba sclerotinia by combining with medicament combination optimized in spraying period
In this example, a field chemical control experiment was continued in the mourning city fruit mulberry base in 2021, and 15 treatment areas were installed, each treatment area containing 3 mulberries. All the treatment cells are arranged in random block groups, and 1 row of mulberry trees are reserved in each cell as an isolation row to perform field chemical control tests respectively at 3 months and 3 days (leaf opening period, marked as I), at 3 months and 11 days (spike formation period, marked as II), at 3 months and 22 days (initial flowering period, marked as III) and at 3 months and 28 (full flowering period, marked as IV). In the spraying process, about 500mL of liquid medicine is sprayed on each tree in a magpie mouth stage and a leaf opening stage, about 800mL of liquid medicine is sprayed on each tree in a flower spike forming stage and an initial flowering stage, and about 1250mL of liquid medicine is sprayed on each tree in a full flowering stage and a flower withering stage. If different medicaments need to be sprayed in the same period, the medicaments are sprayed in the average distribution amount.
The agents of each example and comparative example were separately combined and sprayed at the above 4 different periods, and the above four periods were labeled as I, II, III and iv, respectively. Specific combinations of agents are shown in table 2.
In table 2, each drug corresponds to the drug formulated in example 1, and the spraying amount thereof is the volume amount of the formulated drug solution. For example, 45 strains were counted for 5 treatment zones in the present example.
Wherein, both example 7 and example 8 were sprayed with the pharmaceutical liquid of example 6. Comparative examples 11 to 16 correspond to spraying with the pharmaceutical liquid of comparative example 8, respectively.
The amounts of the medicaments used are the same, differing only in the period of use. Comparative examples 11 to 14 used the same amount of the drug as used in example 7, only differing in the period of drug administration. Comparative example 15 the amount of drug administered was the same as in example 8, differing only in the period of drug administration. Comparative example 16 was the same as example 8 in both the amount and the period of administration, and was sprayed with other drugs only when bacillus subtilis and trichoderma harzianum were administered in the periods I and II, respectively, but not prior to 1-2 days. The amount of each agent sprayed on each mulberry at different times is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
Surveying uniformly in 4 months and 19 days; randomly surveying 3 branches of each mulberry tree, recording the total fruit number, the diseased fruit number and the disease level of each branch (0 grade: normal, 1 grade: 1-20% drupes show symptoms, 3 grade: 21-50% drupes show symptoms, 5 grade: 51-90% drupes show symptoms, 7 grade: 91-100% drupes show symptoms), calculating the relative control effect of each embodiment and comparative example treatment, wherein the relative control effect is (disease index-treated disease index)/control disease index x 100%, and meanwhile, collecting different treated mulberries to be sent to the institute of agricultural quality standards and detection technologies for drug residue detection and analysis.
1.2.4 data processing and analysis
The data were analyzed for variance using DPS (version 7.05) software and the significance of the differences between the treatments was compared using the LSD method.
2. Results and analysis
2.1 hypha inhibition of Mulberry fruit Pityrosporum ovale by single test agent
The inhibition effect of different medicaments on mulberry sclerotinia sclerotiorum hyphae is measured by adopting a hypha growth rate method, and the results are shown in table 3, which shows that 13 bactericides have different degrees of inhibition effects on mulberry sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and the relative inhibition rate of the bactericides and the concentration logarithm thereof are in obvious positive correlation (P <0.01), namely bacillus subtilis powder and trichoderma harzianum powder are respectively prepared into suspensions.
TABLE 3 inhibitory Effect of Single different test Agents on Morus alba sclerotinia sclerotiorum hyphae
| Reagent for testing | Regression equation of virulence | Coefficient of linear correlation | EC50(μg/mL) |
| 50% of prochloraz manganese | y＝6.50+0.69x | 0.94 | 0.01 |
| 42.4% Azole ether-fluoroamide suspension | y＝6.70+0.89x | 0.96 | 0.01 |
| 50% carbendazim | y＝5.62+0.50x | 0.92 | 0.06 |
| 50% iprodione | y＝5.88+0.92x | 0.94 | 0.11 |
| 30% of pentoxazole carbendazim | y＝6.32+2.21x | 0.98 | 0.25 |
| 50% procymidone wettable powder | y＝6.67+3.00x | 0.98 | 0.28 |
| 70% thiophanate methyl | y＝5.24+0.59x | 0.98 | 0.39 |
| 40% dimethachlon | y＝6.44+3.71x | 0.98 | 0.41 |
| 30% difenoconazole | y＝5.04+0.64x | 0.94 | 0.87 |
| 60% Azole Ether-metiram | y＝4.98+0.60x | 0.93 | 1.08 |
| 40% Flusilazole | y＝4.92+1.26x | 0.99 | 1.16 |
| 12.5% tetraconazole | y＝4.74+1.00x | 0.97 | 1.81 |
| 72% Frost urea manganese Zinc | y＝3.71+1.09x | 0.95 | 15.10 |
2.2 prevention and treatment effects of different drug combinations on mulberry sclerotinia rot
The results of screening the combinations of agents for controlling morula sclerotiorum are shown in table 4, and the results show that the morbidity of examples 1 to 6 is 0, the control effects are all 100%, and the effects are all superior to those of comparative examples 1 to 10.
TABLE 4
Note: the data in the table are mean ± sem, and different letters after the same column of data show significant difference at P <0.05 level by LSD method
2.3 prevention and treatment of Morous alba sclerotinia by combining with medicament combination optimized in spraying period
The control results of morula alba sclerotinia by optimizing the medicament combination in combination with the spraying period are shown in table 5, and the results show that the disease index and the pesticide residue of example 7 are both significantly lower than those of comparative examples 11-14, and the relative control effect is significantly better than those of comparative examples 11-14. The results show that the pesticide combination provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for spraying in different spraying periods, so that the control effect on the mulberry sclerotinia rot can be further improved. The embodiment 8 shows the same results compared with the comparative examples 15 and 16, especially has better control effect compared with the comparative example 16, and is more beneficial to spraying the bacillus subtilis liquid and the trichoderma harzianum liquid for 1-2 days before other medicines.
Therefore, by adopting the medicine combination of the embodiment of the invention, the mulberry can exert excellent control effect on mulberry sclerotinia sclerotiorum and can remarkably reduce pesticide residue by respectively carrying out combined spraying in the leaf-opening stage, the flower spike forming stage, the initial flowering stage and the full flowering stage of mulberry respectively so as to meet the requirement of GB2763-2016 (maximum limit of pesticide residue in national standard food for food safety).
TABLE 5
Note: the data in the table are mean ± standard error, and different letters after the same column of data show significant difference at P <0.05 level by LSD method
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for preventing and treating mulberry sclerotinia, wherein the said prevention and treatment method comprises spraying the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating mulberry sclerotinia on the branch, leaf surface and/or root of mulberry in the leaf-opening stage, tassel formation stage, initial flowering stage and full flowering stage of mulberry respectively; the medicine composition comprises 1000 times of liquid 50% of procymidone, 1000 times of liquid 50% of prochloraz manganese salt, 1000 times of liquid 42.4% of azoleether-flutolanil, 300 times of liquid bacillus subtilis liquid and 300 times of trichoderma harzianum liquid; the bacillus subtilis liquid is prepared from 10 hundred million/g bacillus subtilis powder, and the trichoderma harzianum liquid is prepared from 200 hundred million/g trichoderma harzianum powder;
the control method specifically comprises the following steps:
spraying in the leaf opening period, namely spraying bacillus subtilis liquid to the roots of mulberry plants according to 500 mL/each tree, and then respectively spraying 50% of prochloraz manganese salt and 42.4% of azolate-flutolanil according to 500 mL/each tree at intervals of 1-2 days;
in the formation period of flower spikes, firstly spraying a trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid to the roots of mulberry plants according to 800 mL/each tree, then respectively spraying 50% procymidone and 42.4% azolidone-flutolanil according to 800 mL/each tree after 1-2 days;
spraying 50% procymidone per tree in 800mL at the initial flowering stage; and
and in the full-bloom stage, spraying 50% procymidone according to 1250mL per tree.
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