CN113453277A - Network identifier display method and terminal - Google Patents

Network identifier display method and terminal Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113453277A
CN113453277A CN202010221839.3A CN202010221839A CN113453277A CN 113453277 A CN113453277 A CN 113453277A CN 202010221839 A CN202010221839 A CN 202010221839A CN 113453277 A CN113453277 A CN 113453277A
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China
Prior art keywords
terminal
network
identifier
uplink
threshold
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CN202010221839.3A
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CN113453277B (en
Inventor
王桂英
阮航
马帅
乌力吉
陆松鹤
董文佳
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China Mobile Communications Group Co Ltd
China Mobile Communications Ltd Research Institute
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China Mobile Communications Group Co Ltd
China Mobile Communications Ltd Research Institute
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/22—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks comprising specially adapted graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/15—Setup of multiple wireless link connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
    • H04W80/02—Data link layer protocols
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a network identifier display method and a terminal, wherein the method comprises the following steps: starting a terminal identification display timer; under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is not overtime, displaying the network identification of the first network on the terminal, or under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is overtime, if the terminal establishes double connection with the first network and the second network, displaying the network identification of the first network on the terminal; wherein a transmission rate of the first network is greater than a transmission rate of the second network. Therefore, on one hand, the phenomenon that the terminal displays false network identifications can be avoided while the power consumption of the terminal is reduced, the user experience is guaranteed, on the other hand, the problem that the network identifications of the connected terminal are frequently switched can be solved, and the acceptance and experience of the user on the network are improved.

Description

Network identifier display method and terminal
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a network identifier display method and a terminal.
Background
A Non-Access Stratum (NSA) identity display scheme of a fifth generation mobile communication technology (5th generation, 5G) is divided into an idle state (idle) and a connected state, wherein the idle state determines whether to display 5G according to whether a network broadcasts a parameter (such as superLayerIndication-r 15) in a system message 2(SIB 2); whether to display 5G is determined according to whether to establish Long Term Evolution (LTE) and New Radio (NR) dual connection in the connection state. This approach may result in frequent switching between the 4G identifier and the 5G identifier easily occurring in the connected state.
At present, a scheme for solving frequent switching between 4G and 5G networks is that a terminal side sets a 5G identifier delay display timer to realize delay display of a 5G identifier, however, the scheme may cause a network false 5G situation to occur, for example, a user has data with large traffic to be transmitted during the 5G identifier delay display period, and at this time, the network displays 5G but the rate cannot reach the rate of the 5G network, that is, a network "false 5G" situation occurs, which causes complaint promotion of the user.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a network identifier display method and a terminal, which solve the problem that a terminal displays a false network identifier.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a network identifier display method, applied to a terminal, including:
starting a terminal identification display timer;
under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is not overtime, displaying the network identification of the first network on the terminal, or under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is overtime, if the terminal establishes double connection with the first network and the second network, displaying the network identification of the first network on the terminal;
wherein a transmission rate of the first network is greater than a transmission rate of the second network.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is not overtime, displaying the network identification of the first network or the network identification of the second network on the terminal according to the uplink transmission rate and/or an uplink Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) cache of the terminal or according to the downlink transmission rate of the terminal under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is overtime.
Optionally, if the uplink transmission rate and/or the uplink PDCP buffer of the terminal meet a first condition, and the terminal is connected to the second network only when the terminal identifier display timer is expired, displaying the network identifier of the second network on the terminal; otherwise, keeping the previous network identification unchanged on the terminal;
wherein the previous network identifier is a network identifier of the first network or a network identifier of the second network displayed on the terminal before the terminal identifier display timer is started.
Optionally, the first condition comprises at least one of:
the uplink service rate threshold and the uplink PDCP cache threshold are both non-null values, the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold, or the uplink PDCP cache of the terminal is greater than the uplink PDCP cache threshold;
the uplink service rate threshold is a non-null value and the uplink PDCP buffer threshold is a null value, and the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold;
the uplink service rate threshold is null and the uplink PDCP cache threshold is non-null, and the uplink PDCP cache of the terminal is greater than the PDCP cache threshold;
the downlink service rate threshold is a non-null value, and the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold.
Optionally, one or more of the uplink service rate threshold, the downlink service rate threshold, and the uplink PDCP buffering threshold are obtained by: configured by the network side, agreed by the protocol, or determined by the terminal.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
judging whether a judgment parameter configured on a network side is empty, wherein the judgment parameter comprises one or more of the following items: an uplink service rate threshold, a downlink service rate threshold and an uplink PDCP buffer threshold;
if the judgment parameter is not null, taking the judgment parameter as a judgment parameter for displaying the network identifier;
and if the judgment parameter is empty, not taking the judgment parameter as the judgment parameter for displaying the network identifier, and taking the judgment parameter determined by the terminal as the judgment parameter for displaying the network identifier.
Optionally, the uplink transmission rate of the terminal being greater than the uplink service rate threshold is: the probability of N% of the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold: the probability of M% of the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold;
wherein N, M is a natural number greater than 0.
Optionally, the starting the terminal identifier display timer includes:
starting a terminal identifier display timer under the condition that the terminal enters a connection state from an idle state, or an auxiliary cell group SCG of the terminal finishes releasing, or the terminal is switched to a cell carrying a non-access stratum (NSA) identifier, and keeping a previous network identifier unchanged;
wherein the previous network identifier is a network identifier of the first network or a network identifier of the second network displayed on the terminal before the terminal identifier display timer is started.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, including:
the starting module is used for starting the terminal identifier display timer;
a display module, configured to display the network identifier of the first network on the terminal when the terminal identifier display timer is not overtime, or display the network identifier of the first network on the terminal when the terminal identifier display timer is overtime if the terminal establishes dual connectivity with the first network and the second network;
wherein a transmission rate of the first network is greater than a transmission rate of the second network.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, including: a transceiver and a processor;
the transceiver transmits and receives data under the control of the processor;
the processor reads the program in the memory to perform the following operations: starting a terminal identification display timer; under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is not overtime, displaying the network identification of the first network on the terminal, or under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is overtime, if the terminal establishes double connection with the first network and the second network, displaying the network identification of the first network on the terminal; wherein a transmission rate of the first network is greater than a transmission rate of the second network.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication device, including: a processor, a memory and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, which program, when executed by the processor, performs steps comprising the network identification display method according to the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the network identifier display method according to the first aspect.
In the embodiment of the invention, if the terminal establishes double connection with the first network and the second network, the network identifier of the first network is displayed on the terminal; the transmission rate of the first network is greater than that of the second network, so that on one hand, the power consumption of the terminal is reduced, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the terminal displays false network identifiers is avoided, user experience is guaranteed, on the other hand, the problem that the network identifiers of the connected terminal are frequently switched can be improved, and the recognition degree and experience of the user on the network are improved.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a network identifier display method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of determining a determination parameter by a terminal in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second flowchart of a network identifier display method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a network side configuring determining parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a second schematic diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following first describes SCG addition and SCG deletion:
option 3x under the 5G NSA architecture needs to consider Secondary Cell Group (SCG) addition and SCG deletion, which affect the performance of the 5G network, and also affect the power consumption performance of the 5G terminal, and the identifier display of the 5G terminal, and the terminal determines the 5G capability of the accessed network by an artificial intelligence method, because SCG addition and SCG deletion policies of different networks are different, and most networks consider network coverage, a service rate threshold, a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) cache threshold, and the like, so the terminal side can keep the display of the terminal synchronous with the capability of the accessed network by learning the SCG addition and SCG deletion policies of the accessed network.
The existing SCG addition schemes mainly comprise the following two types:
(a) after LTE access, the terminal immediately carries out B2 measurement, namely the adjacent cell measurement of the NR cell, reports the measured NR adjacent cell information to the network, and the network adds the NR auxiliary node according to the coverage condition of the NR cell;
(b) after the terminal is accessed in the LTE, the network determines whether the uplink and downlink service rate of the user or the PDCP cache is greater than a threshold, if so, the network performs B2 measurement, namely the neighbor measurement of the NR cell, and adds the NR auxiliary node after the NR neighbor information is measured.
The existing SCG deletion scheme is as follows: releasing the SCG auxiliary node when an NR cell has no data for continuous T seconds(s) by adopting an RRC inactivity timer mode; or using a2 measurement mode, when the Reference Signal Receiving Power (RSRP) of the NR cell is lower than a certain threshold, releasing the SCG secondary node.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, in the description and claims of this application, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Furthermore, the use of "and/or" in the specification and claims means that at least one of the connected objects, such as a and/or B, means that three cases, a alone, B alone, and both a and B, exist.
In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean serving as examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "e.g.," an embodiment of the present invention is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present concepts related in a concrete fashion.
The technology described herein is not limited to a 5th-generation (5G) system and a later-evolution communication system, and is not limited to an LTE/LTE evolution (LTE-a) system, and may also be used for various wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), and other systems.
The terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably. CDMA systems may implement Radio technologies such as CDMA2000, Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), and so on. UTRA includes Wideband CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, WCDMA) and other CDMA variants. TDMA systems may implement radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile communications (GSM). The OFDMA system can implement radio technologies such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), evolved-UTRA (E-UTRA)), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX)), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and the like. UTRA and E-UTRA are parts of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). LTE and higher LTE (e.g., LTE-A) are new UMTS releases that use E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE-A, and GSM are described in documents from an organization named "third Generation Partnership Project" (3 GPP). CDMA2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization named "third generation partnership project 2" (3GPP 2). The techniques described herein may be used for both the above-mentioned systems and radio technologies, as well as for other systems and radio technologies.
Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The network identifier display method and the network identifier display equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention can be applied to a wireless communication system. Referring to fig. 1, an architecture diagram of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in fig. 1, the wireless communication system may include: a first network device 11, a second network device 12, and a terminal 13, where the terminal 13 may be referred to as a UE13, and the terminal 13 may communicate (transmit signaling or transmit data) with the first network device 11 and the second network device 12. In practical applications, the connections between the above devices may be wireless connections, and fig. 1 illustrates the connections between the devices by solid lines for convenience and convenience in visual representation.
The first network device 11 and the second network device 12 provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be base stations, which may be commonly used base stations, evolved node bs (enbs), or network devices in a 5G system (for example, next generation base stations (gnbs) or Transmission and Reception Points (TRPs)).
The terminal 13 provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be a Mobile phone, a tablet Computer, a notebook Computer, an Ultra-Mobile Personal Computer (UMPC), a netbook or a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), a Wearable Device (Wearable Device), or a vehicle-mounted Device.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a network identifier display method, where an execution subject of the method may be a terminal, and the method includes: step 201 and step 202.
Step 201: starting a terminal identification display timer;
for example, when the terminal enters a connected state from an idle state, or a Secondary Cell Group (SCG) of the terminal completes release, or the terminal switches to a Cell carrying an NSA identifier, the terminal identifier display timer is started, and further, when the terminal identifier display timer is started, the previous network identifier may be kept unchanged; wherein the previous network identifier is a network identifier of the first network or a network identifier of the second network displayed on the terminal before the terminal identifier display timer is started.
The terminal identifier display timer (ueidentifiationdisplaytimer) may also be referred to as a terminal identifier display judgment timer, where the terminal identifier display timer is used to determine a network identifier displayed by the terminal, for example, the terminal may display a corresponding network identifier according to a timing condition of the terminal identifier display timer, for example, the network identifier a is displayed during a timing period (not overtime) of the terminal identifier display timer, and the network identifier B is displayed when the terminal identifier display timer is overtime, where the network identifier a and the network identifier B are different network identifiers in a normal case.
Optionally, the terminal identifier display timer may be set to T seconds(s), where T ranges from 1s to N1s, and is an integer. For example, the parameters of the terminal identifier display timer may be configured by the network side.
Step 202: under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is not overtime, displaying the network identification of the first network on the terminal, or under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is overtime, if the terminal establishes double connection with the first network and the second network, displaying the network identification of the first network on the terminal;
wherein a transmission rate of the first network is greater than a transmission rate of the second network.
That is, if the terminal can determine that the network to which it accesses has the capability of the first network, the displayed network identification is the network identification of the first network.
Optionally, the first network may be a 5G network, such as NR, the network identifier of the first network is a 5G identifier, the second network may be a 4G network, such as LTE, and the network identifier of the second network is a 4G identifier. It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the network types of the first network and the second network are not specifically limited, and the form of the network identifier is also not specifically limited.
In the embodiment of the invention, no matter the terminal identifier display timer is overtime or not overtime, as long as the terminal establishes double connection with the first network and the second network, the network identifier of the first network is displayed on the terminal, so that the illusion that the terminal is frequently switched between the first network and the second network due to the fact that different network identifiers are frequently displayed on the terminal after the terminal identifier display timer is not overtime or overtime can be avoided, and the acceptance and experience of the user on the network can be improved.
In order to avoid the problem of frequent switching of the network identifiers, the network identifiers displayed before can be continued under the condition that the terminal identifier display timer is not overtime, and further, after the terminal identifier display timer is overtime, frequent switching of the network identifiers is avoided on one hand, and fake network identifiers are also avoided on the other hand.
In some embodiments, when the terminal identifier display timer is not overtime, it is determined that the network identifier of the first network or the network identifier of the second network is displayed on the terminal when the terminal identifier display timer is overtime according to an uplink transmission rate and/or an uplink PDCP buffer of the terminal or according to a downlink transmission rate of the terminal.
For example, if the uplink transmission rate and/or the uplink PDCP buffer of the terminal satisfy a first condition, and the terminal is connected to the second network only when the terminal identifier display timer is expired, the network identifier of the second network is displayed on the terminal; otherwise, keeping the previous network identification unchanged on the terminal; wherein the previous network identifier is a network identifier of the first network or a network identifier of the second network displayed on the terminal before the terminal identifier display timer is started.
In some embodiments, the first condition comprises at least one of:
(1) the uplink service rate threshold and the uplink PDCP cache threshold are both non-null values (null), the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold, or the uplink PDCP cache of the terminal is greater than the uplink PDCP cache threshold;
(2) the uplink service rate threshold is a non-null value and the uplink PDCP buffer threshold is a null value, and the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold;
(3) the uplink service rate threshold is null and the uplink PDCP cache threshold is non-null, and the uplink PDCP cache of the terminal is greater than the PDCP cache threshold;
(4) the downlink service rate threshold is a non-null value, and the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold.
The uplink service rate threshold, the uplink PDCP buffer threshold, and the downlink service rate threshold may also be referred to as determination parameters.
It should be noted that, in the first condition, when the threshold is stored in the terminal and is a non-null value, the determination is performed based on the threshold, and if the terminal does not store the threshold or stores the threshold but the value of the threshold is null, the terminal does not use the threshold to perform the determination.
In the prior art, when the terminal identifier display timer is overtime, the terminal may perform delayed display of the network identifier, for example, the terminal is not actually connected to the first network, but the terminal may still display the network identifier of the first network due to the delayed display of the network identifier, that is, a false network identifier (a network identifier to which the terminal does not currently access the network) is displayed on the terminal due to the fact that the network to which the terminal is currently and actually accessed is not considered.
It should be noted that, one or more of the uplink Traffic rate threshold (Traffic rate threshold-UL), the downlink Traffic rate threshold (Traffic rate threshold-DL), and the uplink PDCP buffer threshold (pdcpopupy threshold-UL) is obtained by: configured by the network side, agreed by the protocol, or determined by the terminal.
That is to say, in the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal may receive the threshold from the network side, and the terminal may also set the threshold according to the size of the transmitted service data packet. If the threshold obtained by the terminal from the network is null, the terminal does not use the received threshold as the judgment basis for displaying the terminal identifier, and if all the obtained thresholds are null, the threshold set by the terminal is adopted for judgment.
For example, the network configures the threshold to the terminal through an RRC Reconfiguration message (RRC Reconfiguration information).
If the terminal identification display parameter obtained by the terminal from the network is null, the parameter is not used as the judgment basis for the terminal identification display, and if all the obtained terminal identification display parameters are null, the parameters set by the terminal are adopted for judgment. The basis for the terminal to set the display parameters of the terminal identifier can be as follows: and setting a service rate threshold and/or an uplink PDCP buffer threshold according to the size of the service packet.
For example, if the terminal desires that services such as a heartbeat packet and a wechat packet are transmitted only in a 4G single-connection state, the service rate threshold may be set to the maximum value of the heartbeat packet or the wechat packet service. At the moment, the terminal identification display judgment scheme can be maximally matched with the scheme of network SCG addition and SCG deletion, and the terminal can present the truest identification display judgment.
In some embodiments, it is determined whether a determination parameter configured on the network side is empty, where the determination parameter includes one or more of the following: an uplink service rate threshold, a downlink service rate threshold and an uplink PDCP buffer threshold; if the judgment parameter is not null, taking the judgment parameter as the judgment parameter in the first condition; and if the judgment parameter is empty, not taking the judgment parameter as a judgment basis for network identification display, and taking the judgment parameter determined by the terminal as the judgment parameter in the first condition.
Optionally, when the terminal enters the connected state from the idle state, it is determined whether the determination parameter received from the network side is empty.
Referring to fig. 3, a flow of determining the determination parameter by the terminal is illustrated, and the specific steps are as follows:
step 301: the terminal enters a connection state from an idle state;
step 302: the terminal judges whether an uplink and downlink PDCP caching threshold or an uplink and downlink service rate threshold configured at the network side is empty; if yes, go to step 303; otherwise, go to step 304;
step 303: the uplink and downlink PDCP cache threshold or the uplink and downlink service rate threshold configured on the network side are not used as the judgment parameter for the display judgment of the terminal identifier, and the terminal adopts the self judgment parameter as the judgment parameter for the display judgment of the terminal identifier;
for example, the self-determination parameter of the terminal (e.g., the uplink and downlink PDCP buffering thresholds or the uplink and downlink service rate thresholds) may be determined by the terminal through machine learning based on the SCG addition and/or SCG deletion scheme of the network, so that the self-determination parameter of the terminal may enable the terminal identifier display determination scheme to be maximally matched with the network SCG addition and SCG deletion scheme, and the terminal may present the truest network identifier.
Step 304: and the uplink and downlink PDCP buffer threshold or the service rate threshold configured at the network side is used as a judgment parameter for the display judgment of the terminal identification.
In some embodiments, the uplink transmission rate of the terminal being greater than the uplink traffic rate threshold is: the probability of N% of the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold; or, the case that the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold is: the probability of M% of the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold; wherein N, M is a natural number greater than 0.
In the embodiment of the invention, if the terminal establishes double connection with the first network and the second network, the network identifier of the first network is displayed on the terminal; the transmission rate of the first network is greater than that of the second network, so that on one hand, the power consumption of the terminal is reduced, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the terminal displays false network identifiers is avoided, user experience is guaranteed, on the other hand, the problem that the network identifiers of the connected terminal are frequently switched can be improved, and the recognition degree and experience of the user on the network are improved.
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a network identifier display method, which includes the following specific steps:
step 401: judging whether the terminal enters a connection state from an idle state or not, or whether the SCG of the terminal is released or not, or whether the terminal is switched to a cell carrying an NSA (non-serving cell) identifier or not; if yes, go to step 402; otherwise, go to step 407;
step 402: starting a terminal identifier display timer, wherein the displayed network identifier is unchanged;
step 403: judging whether the terminal establishes SCG connection, if so, entering step 404; otherwise, go to step 405;
step 404: displaying a network identifier of a first network;
for example, the identifier of the first network is a 5G identifier.
Step 405: judging whether the uplink PDCP cache is larger than a threshold or not, or whether the uplink service rate is larger than the threshold or not, or whether the downlink service rate is larger than the threshold or not; if yes, go to step 406; otherwise, go to step 407;
step 406: displaying a network identifier of a second network;
for example, the identifier of the second network is a 4G identifier.
Step 407: the previously displayed network identification is kept unchanged.
If the terminal previously displayed the network identifier of the first network (for example, the 5G identifier), the network identifier of the first network (for example, the 5G identifier) is displayed, and if the terminal previously displayed the network identifier of the second network (for example, the 4G identifier), the network identifier of the second network (for example, the 4G identifier) is displayed.
In the following, a terminal network identifier display scheme in an EN-DC network is taken as an example.
For example, the determination parameter (e.g., the uplink and downlink PDCP buffering threshold or the uplink and downlink service rate threshold) of the terminal may be determined by the terminal through machine learning based on the SCG addition and/or SCG deletion scheme of the network, so that the determination parameter of the terminal itself may enable the terminal identifier display determination scheme to be maximally matched with the network SCG addition and SCG deletion scheme, and the terminal may present the truest network identifier.
For example, the determination parameter of the terminal may be configured by the network side. Referring to fig. 5, in the terminal random access process, the network configures a terminal identification display parameter (ue identification display parameters) to the terminal through an RRC reconfiguration message (RRC reconfiguration information), where the terminal identification display parameter includes one or more of the following:
(1) UEIdentificationDisplayTimer is a terminal identification display timer, generally set to Ts, the value range of T is 1 s-N1 s, and integers are taken;
(2) the PDCP congestion threshold-DL/UL indicates the buffer threshold size of the PDCP of the uplink and the downlink, the value range is 1-N2/N3, and the unit is BYTE (BYTE);
(3) traffic RateThreshold-UL/DL indicates a Traffic rate threshold, which ranges from 1 to N4/N5 in kilobits per second (kbps).
It can be understood that the SCG addition and SCG deletion schemes of the network are different, and null can be issued if there is no relevant parameter on the network side.
For example, the terminal identifier display parameter: UEIdentificationDisplayparameters { };
terminal identification display timer: UEIdentificationDisplayTimer {1 s-N1 s };
buffering threshold size of downlink PDCP: PDCPOccupyThreshold-DL { null, 1-N2 };
buffer threshold size of uplink PDCP: PDCPOccupyThreshold-UL { null, 1-N3 };
uplink service rate threshold: traffic RateThreshold-UL { null, 1-N4 };
downlink service rate threshold: traffic RateThreshold-DL { null, 1-N5 }.
A terminal connection state identifier display judgment scheme is introduced below with reference to scene 1, scene 2, and scene 3:
scene 1: when the terminal is triggered to enter the RRC connection state from the idle state, the terminal stores the terminal identification display parameters issued by the network, starts the terminal identification display judgment timer according to the terminal identification display parameters issued by the network, and keeps the previous network identification unchanged during the timing period of the timer.
In any case, as long as the network establishes the dual connectivity, the terminal displays the 5G identifier, and the terminal judges whether the timer displays the 4G identifier or the 5G identifier after the timer expires according to the following algorithm during the timer.
The method comprises the following specific steps: the terminal judges whether the service rate of the uplink and downlink exceeds a threshold or not or whether the uplink PDCP buffer exceeds the threshold during the timing of the timer, if the terminal is configured with double connections during the timing of the timer, the terminal displays a 5G identifier, and the algorithm judgment is stopped at the moment;
for the uplink service judgment, if the uplink PDCP buffer threshold is X1, and the uplink service rate threshold is X2, which are both non-null values, the judgment of the uplink service is based on that the uplink PDCP buffer threshold or the uplink service rate threshold satisfies one of the two values, that is, during the timer timing period, if the uplink PDCP buffer threshold is greater than the uplink PDCP buffer threshold, or the probability that the average rate per second of the uplink is y% greater than the uplink service rate threshold, at this time, if the terminal is still in 4G single connection after the timer times out, the terminal displays the network identifier as a 4G identifier, otherwise, the previous network identifier is kept unchanged.
If the uplink PDCP buffer threshold is null and the uplink service rate threshold is X2, the uplink service is determined according to the uplink service rate threshold, that is, during the timing of the timer, if the probability of y% of the average uplink rate per second is greater than the uplink service rate threshold, at this time, if the terminal is still in 4G single connection after the timer is overtime, the terminal displays that the network identifier is a 4G identifier, otherwise, the previous network identifier is kept unchanged.
If the uplink PDCP buffer threshold is X1, and the uplink service rate threshold is null, the uplink service is determined according to the uplink PDCP buffer threshold, that is, during the timing of the timer, if the uplink PDCP buffer is greater than the uplink PDCP buffer threshold, at this time, if the terminal is still in 4G single connection after the timer expires, the terminal displays that the network identifier is a 4G identifier, otherwise, the previous network identifier is kept unchanged.
For the judgment of the downlink service, because the terminal cannot know the buffer size of the downlink PDCP at present, the downlink service rate threshold is used as a judgment basis, that is, during the timing of the timer, if the probability of y% of the average rate of the downlink per second is greater than the downlink service rate threshold, at this time, if the terminal is still in 4G single connection after the timer is overtime, the terminal displays that the network identifier is a 4G identifier, otherwise, the previous network identifier is kept unchanged.
Scene 2: when the terminal is changed from the dual connection to the NR release connection to the 4G connection only, the terminal identifier display timer is started, the 5G identifier is firstly kept unchanged, the terminal carries out terminal identifier display judgment according to the uplink and downlink service conditions during the timing period of the timer, and the judgment mode is the same as the scene 1.
Scene 3: when the terminal displays the 5G identification in a connection state and the LTE anchor point is changed and switched to another LTE cell, starting a terminal identification display timer, keeping the 5G identification unchanged during the timing period of the timer, and if the terminal establishes double connection during the timing period of the timer, displaying the 5G identification by the terminal; if the terminal has only 4G connection in the timer period, firstly reading the NSA indication of the SIB2, and if the NSA indication does not exist, displaying a 4G identifier; if NSA indication exists, the 5G identification is firstly kept unchanged, the terminal carries out terminal identification display judgment according to the uplink and downlink service conditions during the timing period of the timer, and the judgment mode is the same as that of the scene 1.
Referring to fig. 6, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, where the terminal 600 includes:
a starting module 601, configured to start a terminal identifier display timer;
a display module 602, configured to display a network identifier of the first network on the terminal if the terminal identifier display timer is not overtime, or display a network identifier of the first network on the terminal if the terminal establishes dual connectivity with the first network and the second network;
wherein a transmission rate of the first network is greater than a transmission rate of the second network.
In some embodiments, the display module 602 is further configured to: and under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is not overtime, determining to display the network identification of the first network or the network identification of the second network on the terminal according to the uplink transmission rate and/or the uplink PDCP cache of the terminal or according to the downlink transmission rate of the terminal under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is overtime.
In some embodiments, if the uplink transmission rate and/or uplink PDCP buffer of the terminal satisfy a first condition, the terminal is connected to the second network only if the terminal identification display timer expires, and then the network identification of the second network is displayed on the terminal; otherwise, keeping the previous network identification unchanged on the terminal;
wherein the previous network identifier is a network identifier of the first network or a network identifier of the second network displayed on the terminal before the terminal identifier display timer is started.
In some embodiments, the first condition comprises at least one of:
(1) the uplink service rate threshold and the uplink PDCP cache threshold are both non-null values, the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold, or the uplink PDCP cache of the terminal is greater than the uplink PDCP cache threshold;
(2) the uplink service rate threshold is a non-null value and the uplink PDCP buffer threshold is a null value, and the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold;
(3) the uplink service rate threshold is null and the uplink PDCP cache threshold is non-null, and the uplink PDCP cache of the terminal is greater than the PDCP cache threshold;
(4) the downlink service rate threshold is a non-null value, and the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold.
In some embodiments, one or more of the uplink traffic rate threshold, the downlink traffic rate threshold, and the uplink PDCP buffer threshold are obtained by: configured by the network side, agreed by the protocol, or determined by the terminal.
In some embodiments, the terminal 600 further comprises:
the judging module is used for judging whether a judging parameter configured on the network side is empty, wherein the judging parameter comprises one or more of the following items: an uplink service rate threshold, a downlink service rate threshold and an uplink PDCP buffer threshold; if the judgment parameter is not null, taking the judgment parameter as a judgment parameter for displaying the network identifier; and if the judgment parameter is empty, not taking the judgment parameter as the judgment parameter for displaying the network identifier, and taking the judgment parameter determined by the terminal as the judgment parameter for displaying the network identifier.
In some embodiments, the determining module is further configured to determine whether a determination parameter configured on the network side is empty when the terminal enters the connected state from the idle state.
In some embodiments, the uplink transmission rate of the terminal being greater than the uplink traffic rate threshold is: the probability of N% of the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold; or, the case that the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold is: the probability of M% of the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold; wherein N, M is a natural number greater than 0.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the display module 602 is further configured to: starting the terminal identifier display timer under the condition that the terminal enters a connection state from an idle state, or the SCG of the terminal finishes releasing, or the terminal is switched to a cell carrying an NSA identifier, and keeping the previous network identifier unchanged;
wherein the previous network identifier is a network identifier of the first network or a network identifier of the second network displayed on the terminal before the terminal identifier display timer is started.
The terminal provided in the embodiment of the present invention may execute the method embodiment shown in fig. 2, which has similar implementation principles and technical effects, and this embodiment is not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 7, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, where the terminal 700 includes: a transceiver 701 and a processor 702;
the transceiver 701 transmits and receives data under the control of the processor 702;
the processor 702 reads the program in memory to perform the following operations: starting a terminal identification display timer; under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is not overtime, displaying the network identification of the first network on the terminal, or under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is overtime, if the terminal establishes double connection with the first network and the second network, displaying the network identification of the first network on the terminal; wherein a transmission rate of the first network is greater than a transmission rate of the second network.
The processor 702 reading the program in memory also performs the following operations: and under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is not overtime, determining to display the network identification of the first network or the network identification of the second network on the terminal according to the uplink transmission rate and/or the uplink PDCP cache of the terminal or according to the downlink transmission rate of the terminal under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is overtime.
In some embodiments, if the uplink transmission rate and/or uplink PDCP buffer of the terminal satisfy a first condition, the terminal is connected to the second network only if the terminal identification display timer expires, and then the network identification of the second network is displayed on the terminal; otherwise, keeping the previous network identification unchanged on the terminal;
wherein the previous network identifier is a network identifier of the first network or a network identifier of the second network displayed on the terminal before the terminal identifier display timer is started.
In some embodiments, the first condition comprises at least one of:
(1) the uplink service rate threshold and the uplink PDCP cache threshold are both non-null values, the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold, or the uplink PDCP cache of the terminal is greater than the uplink PDCP cache threshold;
(2) the uplink service rate threshold is a non-null value and the uplink PDCP buffer threshold is a null value, and the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold;
(3) the uplink service rate threshold is null and the uplink PDCP cache threshold is non-null, and the uplink PDCP cache of the terminal is greater than the PDCP cache threshold;
(4) the downlink service rate threshold is a non-null value, and the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold.
In some embodiments, one or more of the uplink traffic rate threshold, the downlink traffic rate threshold, and the uplink PDCP buffer threshold are obtained by: configured by the network side, agreed by the protocol, or determined by the terminal.
The processor 702 reading the program in memory also performs the following operations: judging whether a judgment parameter configured on a network side is empty, wherein the judgment parameter comprises one or more of the following items: an uplink service rate threshold, a downlink service rate threshold and an uplink PDCP buffer threshold; if the judgment parameter is not null, taking the judgment parameter as a judgment parameter for displaying the network identifier; and if the judgment parameter is empty, not taking the judgment parameter as the judgment parameter for displaying the network identifier, and taking the judgment parameter determined by the terminal as the judgment parameter for displaying the network identifier.
In some embodiments, the processor 702 reads the program in the memory to perform the following operations: and when the terminal enters a connection state from an idle state, judging whether a judgment parameter configured on the network side is empty or not.
In some embodiments, the uplink transmission rate of the terminal being greater than the uplink traffic rate threshold is: the probability of N% of the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold; or, the case that the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold is: the probability of M% of the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold; wherein N, M is a natural number greater than 0.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the processor 702 reads the program in the memory to further perform the following operations: starting the terminal identifier display timer under the condition that the terminal enters a connection state from an idle state, or the SCG of the terminal finishes releasing, or the terminal is switched to a cell carrying an NSA identifier, and keeping the previous network identifier unchanged;
wherein the previous network identifier is a network identifier of the first network or a network identifier of the second network displayed on the terminal before the terminal identifier display timer is started.
The terminal provided in the embodiment of the present invention may execute the method embodiment shown in fig. 2, which has similar implementation principles and technical effects, and this embodiment is not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 8, the communication device 800 includes: a processor 801, a transceiver 802, a memory 803, and a bus interface, wherein:
in one embodiment of the present invention, the communication device 800 further comprises: a computer program stored on the memory 803 and executable on the processor 801, which when executed by the processor 801, performs the steps in the embodiment shown in fig. 2.
In FIG. 8, the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, with one or more processors, represented by the processor 801, and various circuits, represented by the memory 803, linked together. The bus architecture may also link together various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, and the like, which are well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described any further herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 802 may be a number of elements including a transmitter and a receiver that provide a means for communicating with various other apparatus over a transmission medium.
The processor 801 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 803 may store data used by the processor 801 in performing operations.
The communication device provided in the embodiment of the present invention may execute the method embodiment shown in fig. 2, which has similar implementation principles and technical effects, and this embodiment is not described herein again.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the disclosure herein may be embodied in hardware or may be embodied in software instructions executed by a processor. The software instructions may consist of corresponding software modules that may be stored in RAM, flash memory, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, registers, hard disk, a removable hard disk, a compact disk, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium may also be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC may be carried in a core network interface device. Of course, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a core network interface device.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that, in one or more of the examples described above, the functions described in this invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to encompass such modifications and variations.

Claims (12)

1. A network identification display method is applied to a terminal and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
starting a terminal identification display timer;
under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is not overtime, displaying the network identification of the first network on the terminal, or under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is overtime, if the terminal establishes double connection with the first network and the second network, displaying the network identification of the first network on the terminal;
wherein a transmission rate of the first network is greater than a transmission rate of the second network.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is not overtime, displaying the network identification of the first network or the network identification of the second network on the terminal according to the uplink transmission rate and/or an uplink Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) cache of the terminal or according to the downlink transmission rate of the terminal under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is overtime.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein if the uplink transmission rate and/or uplink PDCP buffer of the terminal satisfy the first condition, the terminal is connected to the second network only if the terminal identifier display timer is expired, and the network identifier of the second network is displayed on the terminal; otherwise, keeping the previous network identification unchanged on the terminal;
wherein the previous network identifier is a network identifier of the first network or a network identifier of the second network displayed on the terminal before the terminal identifier display timer is started.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first condition comprises at least one of:
the uplink service rate threshold and the uplink PDCP cache threshold are both non-null values, the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold, or the uplink PDCP cache of the terminal is greater than the uplink PDCP cache threshold;
the uplink service rate threshold is a non-null value and the uplink PDCP buffer threshold is a null value, and the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold;
the uplink service rate threshold is null and the uplink PDCP cache threshold is non-null, and the uplink PDCP cache of the terminal is greater than the PDCP cache threshold;
the downlink service rate threshold is a non-null value, and the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein one or more of the uplink traffic rate threshold, the downlink traffic rate threshold, and the uplink PDCP buffer threshold are obtained by: configured by the network side, agreed by the protocol, or determined by the terminal.
6. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
judging whether a judgment parameter configured on a network side is empty, wherein the judgment parameter comprises one or more of the following items: an uplink service rate threshold, a downlink service rate threshold and an uplink PDCP buffer threshold;
if the judgment parameter is not null, taking the judgment parameter configured at the network side as the judgment parameter displayed by the network identifier;
and if the judgment parameter is empty, not taking the judgment parameter configured on the network side as the judgment parameter for displaying the network identifier, and taking the judgment parameter determined by the terminal as the judgment parameter for displaying the network identifier.
7. The method of claim 4,
the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold as follows: the probability of N% of the uplink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the uplink service rate threshold;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold: the probability of M% of the downlink transmission rate of the terminal is greater than the downlink service rate threshold;
wherein N, M is a natural number greater than 0.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the starting the terminal identification display timer comprises:
starting a terminal identifier display timer under the condition that the terminal enters a connection state from an idle state, or an auxiliary cell group SCG of the terminal finishes releasing, or the terminal is switched to a cell carrying a non-access stratum (NSA) identifier, and keeping a previous network identifier unchanged;
wherein the previous network identifier is a network identifier of the first network or a network identifier of the second network displayed on the terminal before the terminal identifier display timer is started.
9. A terminal, comprising:
the starting module is used for starting the terminal identifier display timer;
a display module, configured to display the network identifier of the first network on the terminal when the terminal identifier display timer is not overtime, or display the network identifier of the first network on the terminal when the terminal identifier display timer is overtime if the terminal establishes dual connectivity with the first network and the second network;
wherein a transmission rate of the first network is greater than a transmission rate of the second network.
10. A terminal, comprising: a transceiver and a processor;
the transceiver transmits and receives data under the control of the processor;
the processor reads the program in the memory to perform the following operations: starting a terminal identification display timer; under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is not overtime, displaying the network identification of the first network on the terminal, or under the condition that the terminal identification display timer is overtime, if the terminal establishes double connection with the first network and the second network, displaying the network identification of the first network on the terminal; wherein a transmission rate of the first network is greater than a transmission rate of the second network.
11. A communication device, comprising: processor, memory and program stored on and executable on said memory, which when executed by said processor implements steps comprising a network identification display method according to any of claims 1 to 8.
12. A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out steps comprising the network identity display method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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