CN113452385B - Multiplexing system of phased array antenna control and calibration circuit - Google Patents
Multiplexing system of phased array antenna control and calibration circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN113452385B CN113452385B CN202110764126.6A CN202110764126A CN113452385B CN 113452385 B CN113452385 B CN 113452385B CN 202110764126 A CN202110764126 A CN 202110764126A CN 113452385 B CN113452385 B CN 113452385B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
- H04B1/44—Transmit/receive switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
- H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
- H04B17/21—Monitoring; Testing of receivers for calibration; for correcting measurements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multiplexing system of a phased array antenna control and calibration circuit, which does not adopt a control signal distribution network and a low-frequency connector, adopts a control unit to output two paths of control signals to output local oscillation signals and intermediate frequency signals with control information, converts the local oscillation signals and the intermediate frequency signals into microwave modulation signals with the control information, respectively inputs the microwave modulation signals into each corresponding transceiving component, adopts a single-pole triple-throw switch to respectively connect with a control branch circuit to carry out phase shift and attenuation, the transmitting calibration branch is connected to transmit a transmitting calibration signal in the transmitting and receiving assembly, and the connecting receiving calibration branch is connected to transmit a receiving calibration signal in the transmitting and receiving assembly, so that the transmission mode of a control signal is changed, control signal lines and low-frequency multi-core connectors are reduced, the overall complexity and the difficulty of layout and wiring are reduced, the size is reduced, the weight is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the reliability is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of phased array antennas, and particularly relates to a circuit multiplexing technology.
Background
The phased array antenna system is widely applied to the fields of radar, communication, navigation and the like. The transceiving component is used as a basic unit of the phased array antenna, receives a control signal, transmits or receives a radio frequency signal, adjusts the phase and the amplitude of the radio frequency signal, forms a wave beam with directivity, receives a calibration signal and calibrates the amplitude and the phase of a radio frequency channel.
The control signal of the traditional receiving and transmitting component is a low-frequency signal, the calibration signal is a radio-frequency signal, and two sets of complex transmission networks are needed. The transmission mode of the calibration signal is to send the radio frequency signal generated by the frequency source into the transceiving component through the microwave power distribution network and the high frequency connector distributed on the whole antenna array surface. The transmission mode of the control signal is to send the specific waveform generated by the control circuit to the transceiving module through the digital signal wire and the low-frequency multi-core connector distributed on the whole antenna array surface. Therefore, a large number of digital signal wires, low-frequency multi-core connectors, radio-frequency signal wires and high-frequency connectors are required to be distributed on the large-scale phased-array antenna, and the calibration and control requirements of a large number of transceiving components are met. The calibration signal and the control signal are transmitted separately, resulting in reduced reliability of the phased array antenna, increased cost, and difficulty in size and weight reduction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a multiplexing system of a phased array antenna control and calibration circuit.
A control signal distribution network and a low-frequency connector are not adopted, a control unit is adopted to output two paths of control signals, one path of control signal source outputs a local oscillation signal, one path of control signal generator outputs an intermediate frequency signal with control information, and the intermediate frequency signal adopts an On-Off Keying mode.
The up-conversion circuit is used to convert the local oscillator signal and the intermediate frequency signal into microwave modulation signal with control information, and the microwave modulation signal is input into the calibration signal distribution and synthesis network through the receiving-transmitting switch and the circulator, converted into a plurality of modulation signals and respectively input into each corresponding receiving-transmitting component.
The transmitting and receiving component adopts a single-pole triple-throw switch which is respectively connected with the control branch, the transmitting calibration branch and the receiving calibration branch, the single-pole triple-throw switch is defaulted to be connected with the control branch, the set time is maintained after the transmitting calibration branch or the receiving calibration branch is connected, and the control branch is disconnected and connected.
The control branch circuit restores the microwave modulation signal with the control information into serial digital control signals, and controls phase shift, attenuation, emission, reception and calibration through serial-parallel conversion.
The control branch adopts a calibration interface to receive a microwave modulation signal with control information, the microwave modulation signal passes through a power distribution network and a single-pole three-throw switch, is input into a high-speed detector and a comparator, is recovered into a serial digital control signal through envelope detection, is input into a multiplexing control chip to carry out serial-parallel conversion, and controls a microwave phase-shifting attenuation chip, a transmitting amplifier and a receiving amplifier to carry out phase shifting, attenuation, transmission, reception and calibration.
The transmitting calibration branch circuit inputs a transmitting calibration signal through a radio frequency interface, the transmitting calibration signal passes through a transmitting power distribution network, a microwave phase-shifting attenuation chip, a transmitting amplifier and a transmitting coupler, passes through a single-pole triple-throw switch and a receiving power distribution network and is output by a calibration interface, the microwave phase-shifting attenuation chip is in a transmitting state, the transmitting amplifier is in a working state, and the receiving amplifier is in a closed state.
The receiving calibration branch is input by a calibration interface, receives a calibration signal, passes through a receiving power distribution network, a single-pole-three-throw switch and a receiving coupler, is input into a receiving amplifier, passes through a microwave phase-shift attenuation chip and a transmitting power distribution network, and is output by a radio frequency interface, wherein the microwave phase-shift attenuation chip is in a receiving state, the transmitting amplifier is in a closed state, and the receiving amplifier is in a working state.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the control command is transmitted by utilizing the modulation radio frequency signal transmitted in the calibration network, the transceiving component of the phased array antenna is controlled, the transmission mode of the control signal is changed, the control signal line and the low-frequency multi-core connector on the array surface of the phased array antenna are reduced, the overall complexity and the layout wiring difficulty of the phased array antenna are reduced, the size of the phased array antenna is reduced, the weight of the phased array antenna is reduced, the cost of the phased array antenna is reduced, the reliability of the phased array antenna is improved, and the method has great value in the application fields of radar, communication, electronic countermeasure and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional phased array antenna structure, fig. 2 is a block diagram of a channel structure of a conventional phased array antenna transceiver module, fig. 3 is a block diagram of a multiplexed phased array antenna structure, fig. 4 is a block diagram of a control state of a channel structure of a multiplexed phased array antenna transceiver module, fig. 5 is a block diagram of a transmission state of a channel structure of a multiplexed phased array antenna transceiver module, and fig. 6 is a block diagram of a reception state of a channel structure of a multiplexed phased array antenna transceiver module.
Reference numerals are as follows: 1-a control unit, 2-a control signal distribution network, 3-a transceiving component, 4-a total control signal, 5-a control signal, 6-a frequency source, 7-an up-conversion circuit, 8-a transceiving switch, 11-a local oscillator signal, 12, 18-a control signal, 15-a signal generator, 16-an intermediate frequency signal, 22-a circulator, 23-a calibration signal distribution and synthesis network, 27-a modulation signal, 31-a radio frequency interface, 32-a low frequency connector, 33-a calibration interface, 34-a transmission power distribution network, 35-a reception power distribution network, 36-a microwave phase shift attenuation chip, 37-a transmission amplifier, 38-a transmission coupler, 40-a reception amplifier, 41-a reception coupler and 43-a single-pole double-throw switch, 44-traditional control chip, 45-single-pole three-throw switch, 46-multiplexing control chip, 47-high-speed detector, 48-comparator.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is specifically explained in the following by combining the attached drawings.
The structural block diagram of a conventional phased array antenna is shown in fig. 1, a control unit 1 outputs a total control signal 4, the total control signal is converted into a plurality of control signals 5 through a control signal distribution network 2, the control signals are respectively input into each corresponding transceiving component 3, and a low-frequency connector is mounted on each transceiving component 3.
A structural block diagram of one channel of the conventional phased array antenna transceiver module is shown in fig. 2, and a control signal 5 is input to a conventional control chip 44 in the transceiver module 3 through a low frequency connector 32 to control a microwave phase-shift attenuation chip 36, a transmitting amplifier 37, a receiving amplifier 40 and a calibration channel single-pole double-throw switch 43, so that the functions of phase-shifting, attenuation, transmission, reception and calibration of the transceiver module are realized.
The conventional phased array antenna has a control signal distribution network 2 and a large number of low-frequency connectors 32, so that the whole antenna array control circuit is complex, difficult in layout and wiring, high in cost and poor in reliability.
The multiplexing phased array antenna structure is shown in figure 3 without a control signal distribution network and without a low frequency connector.
The control unit 1 outputs control signals 12 and 18 respectively controlling the frequency source 6 and the signal generator 15, the frequency source 6 outputs a local oscillator signal 11, the signal generator 15 outputs an intermediate frequency signal 16 with control information, and the intermediate frequency modulation signal 16 adopts a simple On-Off Keying mode.
The local oscillator signal 11 and the intermediate frequency signal 16 are input to the up-conversion circuit 7, converted into microwave modulation signals with control information, input to the calibration signal distribution and synthesis network 23 through the transceiving switch 8 and the circulator 22, converted into a plurality of modulation signals 27, and respectively input to each corresponding transceiving module 3.
Fig. 4 shows a structural diagram of a control state of a channel of the multiplexing phased array antenna transceiver module, in which a microwave modulation signal with control information is input to the transceiver module 3 through the calibration interface 33, and is input to the single-pole triple-throw switch 45 through the power division network 35.
The default state of the single-pole triple-throw switch 45 is to connect the control branch, and the microwave modulation signal with control information is input into the high-speed detector 47 and the comparator 48 through the single-pole triple-throw switch 45, restored into a serial digital control signal through envelope detection, and input into the multiplexing control chip 46 for serial-parallel conversion.
The structure diagram of the transmitting state of one channel of the multiplexing phased array antenna transceiving component is shown in fig. 5, and a single-pole-triple-throw switch 45 is communicated with a transmitting branch, maintains the set time and is communicated with a control branch.
The microwave phase shift attenuation chip 36 is in a transmitting state, the transmitting amplifier 37 is in an operating state, and the receiving amplifier 40 is in a closed state.
The transmitting calibration signal is input into the transmitting power division network 34 in the transceiving component 3 through the radio frequency interface 31, is input into the transmitting coupler 38 through the microwave phase-shift attenuation chip 36 and the transmitting amplifier 37, is input into the receiving power division network 35 through the single-pole triple-throw switch 45, and is output through the calibration interface 33, so that the transmitting calibration signal is transmitted in the transceiving component.
A receiving state structure diagram of one channel of the multiplexing phased array antenna transceiving component is shown in fig. 6, and a single-pole-triple-throw switch 45 is connected with a receiving branch, maintains the set time and is connected with a control branch.
The microwave phase shift attenuation chip 36 is in a receiving state, the transmitting amplifier 37 is in a closed state, and the receiving amplifier 40 is in an operating state.
The received calibration signal is input into the receiving power division network 35 in the transceiving component 3 through the calibration interface 33, input into the receiving amplifier 40 through the single-pole triple-throw switch 45 and the receiving coupler 41, and output through the microwave phase shift attenuation chip 36, the transmitting power division network 34 and the radio frequency interface 31, so that the transmission of the received calibration signal in the transceiving component is realized.
The above-described embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A multiplexing system for a phased array antenna control and calibration circuit, comprising: a control signal distribution network and a low-frequency connector are not adopted, a control unit is adopted to output two paths of control signals, one path of control signal source outputs a local oscillation signal, and one path of control signal generator outputs an intermediate frequency signal with an On-Off Keying mode of control information; an up-conversion circuit is adopted to convert a local oscillation signal and an intermediate frequency signal into a microwave modulation signal with control information, the microwave modulation signal is input into a calibration signal distribution and synthesis network through a receiving-transmitting switch and a circulator, the calibration signal distribution and synthesis network is converted into a plurality of modulation signals, and the modulation signals are respectively input into each receiving-transmitting component corresponding to each modulation signal; the transmitting and receiving component adopts a single-pole triple-throw switch and is respectively connected with the control branch, the transmitting calibration branch and the receiving calibration branch, the control branch is connected by default, if the transmitting calibration branch or the receiving calibration branch is connected, the set time is maintained, and the control branch is disconnected and connected; the control branch adopts a calibration interface, receives a microwave modulation signal with control information, inputs a high-speed detector and a comparator through a power distribution network and a single-pole triple-throw switch, recovers into a serial digital control signal through envelope detection, inputs the serial digital control signal into a multiplexing control chip for serial-parallel conversion, and performs phase shifting, attenuation, transmission, reception and calibration through controlling a microwave phase-shifting attenuation chip, a transmission amplifier and a reception amplifier; the transmitting calibration branch inputs a transmitting calibration signal through a radio frequency interface, the transmitting calibration signal passes through a transmitting power distribution network, a microwave phase-shifting attenuation chip and a transmitting amplifier, the transmitting calibration signal is input into a transmitting coupler, passes through a single-pole triple-throw switch and a receiving power distribution network, is output by a calibration interface, and transmits the transmitting calibration signal in a receiving and transmitting assembly, wherein the microwave phase-shifting attenuation chip is in a transmitting state, the transmitting amplifier is in a working state, and the receiving amplifier is in a closing state; the receiving calibration branch is input by a calibration interface, receives a calibration signal, passes through a receiving power distribution network, a single-pole-three-throw switch and a receiving coupler, is input into a receiving amplifier, passes through a microwave phase-shift attenuation chip and a transmitting power distribution network, is output by a radio frequency interface, transmits and receives the calibration signal in a receiving and transmitting assembly, the microwave phase-shift attenuation chip is in a receiving state, the transmitting amplifier is in a closed state, and the receiving amplifier is in a working state.
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| CN114024554B (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2023-02-17 | 星启空间(南通)通信设备有限公司 | Radio frequency circuit structure of antenna and antenna |
| CN114628919B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-08-29 | 上海旷通科技有限公司 | 5G active antenna assembly |
| CN115940988B (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2024-03-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Ultra-thin broadband transceiver array calibration network and application method thereof |
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