CN1134487A - Reinforced laminated fibre plate - Google Patents
Reinforced laminated fibre plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN1134487A CN1134487A CN 95110741 CN95110741A CN1134487A CN 1134487 A CN1134487 A CN 1134487A CN 95110741 CN95110741 CN 95110741 CN 95110741 A CN95110741 A CN 95110741A CN 1134487 A CN1134487 A CN 1134487A
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Abstract
The laminated fibre plate is produced with plant fibre, organic synthetic fibre and resin as adhesive. Plant material is passed through such processes of hydrolysis at certain temp and pressure by adding acid or alkali, mechanical rolling, neutralization and washing, and made into fibre sheet, which is further combined together with organic synthetic fibre and filler and passed through such processes of glue painting, spreading and hot pressing so as to obtain the invented product. The laminated fibre plate has high strength, high modulus and low density, and may be widely used for producing doors and windows, inner and outer wall and furniture.
Description
The invention relates to a composite material, in particular to a composite material produced by using plant raw materials.
With the progress of science and technology, various organic synthetic fiber materials with high strength, high modulus and low density are continuously generated and applied to a plastic and metal reinforcing system, so that the specific tensile strength and the performance of the reinforced material reach or exceed those of a metal material, and the extraction-type composite technology is widely used. As is well known, plants include arbors, shrubs, bamboos, vines, herbaceous plants and the like, and the common characteristics of the fibers are as follows: the radial tension of the longitudinal striation is strong, and the transverse tension of the transverse striation is low, which is related to the cell wall tissue of the plant. When using plant raw material to produce artificial board, such as shaving board and fibre board, the plant raw material is pulverized into particles with a certain size by means of pulverizing machine, the particles are sprayed with glue under the action of power, and the gluing is implemented by means of self-friction, and its adhesive coating is non-uniform, so that the static bending pressure of pressed product is low, and the static bending pressure of general hard fibre board special-grade product is 50kgf/cm2The particle board is 18kgf/cm2It can only be used in the interior decoration of building engineering and furniture manufacturing industry, and is difficult to mount in the elegant hall of building structure engineering. The production process eliminates the natural characteristic of strong radial tension of plants, and the product is a product which participates in the adhesive in the form of filler.
The invention aims to provide the following steps: by physical and chemical analysis of fiber, the transverse strength of plant is destroyed, the radial natural strength of plant is retained, and the advanced composite technology is combined to produce high-strength, high-modulus and light composite material.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the plant is hydrolyzed at high temperature and high pressure, and the reaction formula is as follows: the main conditions for promoting hydrolysis are temperature and dissolved water to free H+The ionic acid becomes a catalyst for accelerating hydrolysis, removes hemicellulose which is easy to hydrolyze, partially destroys and weakens the primary wall of fiber cells, relaxes the molecular structure of the fiberraw material, promotes the relaxation of the outer layer of the cell wall, and can separate out cellulose fiber which does not contain other chemical substances after hydrolysis, the cellulose fiber can form a hydrogen chain with adhesive, and the production process is as follows:
(1) hydrolysis reaction of plant raw materials:
a. acid hydrolysis method: adding the plant raw material and water in a ratio of 1: 1.2 into a closed reaction kettle, heating to 140 ℃ and 150 ℃, adding 3-5% diluted acid, and carrying out hydrolysis reaction for 2-4 hours;
b. and (3) alkaline hydrolysis: adding the plant raw materials into NaOH solution, adding water for dilution, heating to boil, performing hydrolysis reaction, and after 8-16 hours, softening the raw materials and stopping the reaction;
(2) fiber analysis: and (3) mechanically rolling and analyzing the plant raw materials after the hydrolysis reaction to obtain the cellulose fiber sheet.
(3) Neutralization and washing: the cellulose fiber sheet is neutralized by alkali or acid washing to pH 7-9.
(4) And (3) drying: heating the washed fiber sheet to 120 deg.C, and drying to water content of 8-10%.
(5) Gluing: the plant fiber sheet, the organic synthetic fiber and the filler are respectively glued and dried at a low temperature of below 100 ℃.
(6) Layering: the amount of the plant is measured according to the compression ratio, the amount of the organic synthetic fiber and the filler is calculated according to actual needs, and the plant fiber raw material is added into the filler and the synthetic fiber layer.
(7) Hot pressing: and (5) forming the layered product at high temperature and high pressure.
Inthe process, an adhesive is used as modified phenolic resin, phenolic glue is used as a main structural type, a flexibilizer and a promoting curing agent such as polyvinyl formal, paraformaldehyde, resorcinol, hexamethylenetetramine and the like are matched, the used synthetic fibers can be nylon yarns, carbon fibers, arone, nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 1414 and the like, and in the hot pressing process, the hot pressing time is 30 minutes, the temperature is 150 ℃, and the pressure is 30kg/cm2Asbestos cloth of high-temperature resistant adhesive is used as a thermal conductivity coefficient temperature buffer material.
The strength of the reinforced fiber laminated plate produced according to the invention can be designed according to the quantity of the reinforced fiber, and the stress value of the composite stress member can be arbitrarily increased or decreased according to the design on the manufacturing process of the composite stress member, and the static bending pressure of the original plate without the reinforced fiber is 99.2MPa, the compressive strength is 167.2MPa, the elastic modulus is 124 multiplied by 10 according to the methods of GB/T4897-92, GB13124-94 and the like3MPa, impact strength of 55.3KJ/M2The internal strength is 0.95MPa, and the concrete template can be directly used. When the composite material is used for producing door and window members, if the reinforcing fibers are compounded in the production of original plates, the bearing capacity does not need to be strengthened again, and the door and window produced by the composite material has larger bearing capacity than the wood door and window with the same specification, is durable, is more corrosion-resistant than steel doors and windows, is more impact-resistant than aluminum doors and windows, is more creep-resistant than plastic doors and windows, and is formed into door and window membersThe laminated plate can be used in house with two orless floors or high-rise frame-type bearing non-bearing wall, and can be used for building space, and can be used in open air for a long timeThe building is built by preparing, scaffold, formwork and lightening wet operation and assembling to the top, and the whole structure is superior to that of the modern large-plate building. The raw materials of the reinforced fiber laminated plate are plant fiber, reinforced fiber and filler, and the reinforced fiber laminated plate has no fragmentation and is easy to transport for a long distance. In addition, the raw materials of the invention are shrubs, vines and arbor plants which grow in the mountains and all over the fields, the raw materials are renewable resources, are inexhaustible in all parts of China, and have short growth cycle, thus having wide sources and low cost.
Specific examples of the present invention are described in detail below.
1. Hydrolysis reaction of plant fiber:
the method is a main step of the method, and is a key for utilizing plant radial fibers, and in the process, two processes of adding acid and alkali can be adopted;
a. acid hydrolysis method: adding the plant raw material and water in a ratio of 1: 1.2 into a closed reaction kettle, heating to 140 ℃ and 150 ℃, adding 3-5% diluted acid, and carrying out hydrolysis reaction for 2-4 hours;
b. and (3) alkaline hydrolysis: placing plant raw materials in a cooking pool, adding 10kg of liquid caustic soda into 100kg of raw materials, spraying the raw materials, adding water, submerging the raw materials, introducing steam for heating, continuing to introduce air for 30 minutes after the raw materials are boiled, then heating every 30-60 minutes for boiling, wherein the interval time is determined according to the ambient temperature, heating is performedfor 30-40 minutes in winter and once in 40-60 minutes in summer, the cooking time is determined according to the diameter of the raw materials, the raw materials with the diameter larger than 5cm are mechanically pressed into strips in advance, the raw materials with the diameter of 4-5cm are generally cooked for 12-16 hours, the raw materials with the diameter of 3-4cm are generally cooked for 10-14 hours, the raw materials with the diameter of 2-3cm are generally cooked for 8-12 hours, and the raw materials with the diameter smaller than 1cm need to be cooked for.
When a second batch of raw materials is added into the cooking pool, only 6kg of liquid caustic soda is added into raw water per 100kg of raw materials.
2. Fiber analysis: and (3) feeding the plant raw material subjected to hydrolysis reaction into a roller extruder for mechanical rolling, and analyzing to obtain the cellulose fiber sheet.
3. Neutralization and washing: washing cellulose fiber sheet with acid solution or acid solution to neutralize to pH 7-9.
4. And (3) drying: and (3) conveying the washed fiber slices into a drying room, heating to 120 ℃ and drying to enable the water content to be 8-10%.
5. Gluing: the adhesive used in the process is modified phenolic resin, phenolic glue is used as a main structure, and polyvinyl formal, paraformaldehyde, resorcinol, hexamethylenetetramine and other flexibilizers and accelerating curing agents are matched.
The plant fiber is coated with glue on a roller coater.
The organic synthetic fiber can be nylon wire, carbon fiber, aramid, nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 1414 and the like, is woven into a netting structure with the mesh size of 2cm, is directly soaked in the glue solution, and is taken out after the glue solution is fully absorbed, so that the redundant glue solution is dripped away.
Filling: the glue can be sprayed on the flammable filler and the flame-retardant filler in a drum mixer, and the filler achieves the purpose of gluing by self friction.
The plant fiber, the organic synthetic fiber and the filler after being glued are sent into a drying room for drying at low temperature of 100 ℃.
6. Layering: calculating according to the predetermined production variety, calculating the consumption of the plant fiber raw material according to the compression ratio, adding about 20% of the filler according to the actual required amount, adopting a 90-degree layering method when layering, filling all the places with gaps with the filler, and then performing the next layer of transverse layering. If a laminated plate added with synthetic reinforced fibers is required to be produced, a layer of gummed kraft paper or wood chips is paved on the first layer according to the length direction of a backing plate, a layer of filler is thinly scattered, then a layer of plant fibers is paved along the length direction of the hot plate, then a reinforced organic fiber net is paved, then a layer of heat preservation layer after gum dipping is paved, the thickness is about 1 mm, then the first layer is paved to n layers, the last layer is paved after the reinforced organic fibers and the heat preservation layer are added according to the above, and the number of the paving layers is determined according to the setting calculation.
7. Hot pressing: the hot pressing period is the key for increasing the yield, the short-term production of the period is large, the period is short in the curing temperature and time of the adhesive, the phenolic aldehyde acetal adhesive is adopted in the process, the time for the curing temperature to be 30 minutes is theoretically calculated, the temperature of the resin is not increased too fast in the heating process, otherwise, the reaction is violent, the glue leakage phenomenon is generated, the product quality is influenced, the process adopts a heat conductivity coefficient temperature buffer system, the asbestos cloth is pasted on a hot plate to be used as the temperature heat insulation conduction of a cushion plate, and the high-temperature resistant adhesive is used; and proper accelerator is added to accelerate the curing mechanism. And (3) feeding the laminated product into a hot press at the temperature of 150 ℃ for 25-30 minutes in one hot pressing period, removing the backing plate at high temperature and high pressure for half an hour, and thus obtaining the finished product of the reinforced fiber laminated plate.
Furthermore, it is known that the main constituents of plants are mainly cellulose belonging to the group of polysaccharides which, upon hydrolysis, undergo chemical decomposition into the corresponding monosaccharide molecules according to the reaction formula
All monosaccharides are easy to dissolve in water, and the aqueous solution can be fermented by some microorganisms to produce alcohol and other substances, so that in the acid-adding hydrolysis of plant material hydrolysis reaction, if the percolation method is adopted for hydrolysis, hot acid solution is continuously fed into a reaction kettle at a certain temperature and pressure to accelerate the decomposition of polysaccharide and reduce the hydrolysis time, hydrolysis liquid capable of producing alcohol sugar and other substances can be continuously obtained at the lower part of the reaction kettle, and one ton of absolutely dry wood can produce 180 kg of alcohol, 9.4 kg of furfural, 5 kg of fusel oil and methanol, 70 kg of liquid carbon dioxide or 50kg of dry ice, 40 kg of feed yeast and 225 kg of snowflake gypsum according to theoretical calculation, thereby producing great benefit for forestry chemical comprehensive utilization, and the hydrolyzed essential fibers can be subjected to fiber analysis, neutralization and washing to form the plant material cellulose sheet of the laminated board.
The reinforced fiber laminated plate can be used for producing various assembled building components and can be widely applied to civil building engineering systems, and the industrial and standardized large-scale production of the civil building engineering is realized.
Claims (7)
1. A reinforced fibre laminated plate is made up of radial fibres of plant and resin as adhesive or organic synthetic fibres through high-temp high-pressure technology.
2. The reinforced fiber laminate of claim 1, produced by a process comprising:
(1) hydrolysis reaction of plant raw materials:
a. acid hydrolysis method: adding plant material and water in the ratio of 1 to 1.2 into a closed reaction kettle, heating to 140-150 deg.c, adding 3-5% dilute acid and hydrolysis for 2-4 hr;
b. and (3) alkaline hydrolysis: adding NaOH solution into plant raw materials, adding water for dilution, heating to boil, performing hydrolysis reaction, and after 8-16 hours, softening the raw materials and stopping the reaction;
(2) fiber analysis: and (3) mechanically rolling and analyzing the plant raw materials after the hydrolysis reaction to obtain the cellulose fiber sheet.
(3) Neutralization and washing: the cellulose fiber sheet is neutralized by alkali or acid washing to pH 7-9.
(4) And (3) drying: heating the washed fiber sheet to 120 deg.C, and drying to water content of 8-10%.
(5) Gluing: the plant fiber sheet, the organic synthetic fiber and the filler are respectively glued and dried at a low temperature of below 100 ℃.
(6) Layering: pressing the amount of the plant according to the reduction ratio, calculating the amount of the organic synthetic fiber and the filler according to actual needs, and adding the plant fiber raw material into the filler and the synthetic fiber layer.
(7) Hot pressing: and (5) forming the layered product at high temperature and high pressure.
3. The reinforced fiber laminate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adhesive is a modified phenolic resin, the phenolic resin is used as a main structural type, and a curing agent is promoted by adding a toughening agent such as polyvinyl formal, paraformaldehyde, resorcinol, hexamethylenetetramine, etc.
4. The reinforced fiber laminate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic synthetic fiber is selected from the group consisting of nylon filament, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 1414, etc.
5. The process of claim 2 wherein the 3-5% dilute acid is selected from the group consisting of dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sulfuric acid.
6. The manufacturing process of the reinforced fiber laminate according to claim 2, wherein: in the acid-adding hydrolysis process, a hot acid solution can be continuously added into the reaction kettle by adopting an infiltration method, the hydrolysis time is reduced, and the hydrolysate is collected at the lower end of the reaction kettle.
7. The manufacturing process of the reinforced fiber laminate according to claim 2, wherein: in the hot pressing operation, the time is 30 minutes, the temperature is 150 ℃, and the pressure is 30kg/cm2Asbestos cloth of high-temperature resistant adhesive is used as a thermal conductivity coefficient temperature buffer material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95110741 CN1134487A (en) | 1995-04-28 | 1995-04-28 | Reinforced laminated fibre plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95110741 CN1134487A (en) | 1995-04-28 | 1995-04-28 | Reinforced laminated fibre plate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1134487A true CN1134487A (en) | 1996-10-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95110741 Pending CN1134487A (en) | 1995-04-28 | 1995-04-28 | Reinforced laminated fibre plate |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102642229A (en) * | 2007-05-30 | 2012-08-22 | 富士通株式会社 | Manufacturing method of compression molding product using plant materials |
| CN105082315A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-25 | 阜阳祥云木业有限公司 | Processing technology of decorative plate |
| WO2017114304A1 (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-06 | 王丽萍 | Durable construction fiberboard |
-
1995
- 1995-04-28 CN CN 95110741 patent/CN1134487A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102642229A (en) * | 2007-05-30 | 2012-08-22 | 富士通株式会社 | Manufacturing method of compression molding product using plant materials |
| CN105082315A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-25 | 阜阳祥云木业有限公司 | Processing technology of decorative plate |
| WO2017114304A1 (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-06 | 王丽萍 | Durable construction fiberboard |
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