CN113172723A - Preparation method of high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer - Google Patents

Preparation method of high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113172723A
CN113172723A CN202110434335.4A CN202110434335A CN113172723A CN 113172723 A CN113172723 A CN 113172723A CN 202110434335 A CN202110434335 A CN 202110434335A CN 113172723 A CN113172723 A CN 113172723A
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China
Prior art keywords
wood veneer
adhesive
diisocyanate
fiber
heating
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Granted
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CN202110434335.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113172723B (en
Inventor
李业红
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Hunan Fusen Bamboo And Wood Technology Co ltd
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Hunan Fusen Bamboo And Wood Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/02—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D5/00—Other working of veneer or plywood specially adapted to veneer or plywood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
    • C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
    • C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/34—Carboxylic acids; Esters thereof with monohydroxyl compounds
    • C08G18/348—Hydroxycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
    • C08G18/4045—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/58 with other macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C08G18/44—Polycarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/58—Epoxy resins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/67—Unsaturated compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/671—Unsaturated compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/672—Esters of acrylic or alkyl acrylic acid having only one group containing active hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
    • C08G18/75—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic
    • C08G18/751—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring
    • C08G18/752—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group
    • C08G18/753—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group
    • C08G18/755—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group and at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to a secondary carbon atom of the cycloaliphatic ring, e.g. isophorone diisocyanate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/12—Chemical modification
    • C08J7/123—Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
    • C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2397/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
    • C08J2397/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2401/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08J2401/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08J2403/04—Starch derivatives
    • C08J2403/10—Oxidised starch
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2405/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2401/00 or C08J2403/00
    • C08J2405/08—Chitin; Chondroitin sulfate; Hyaluronic acid; Derivatives thereof
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    • C08J2429/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
    • C08J2429/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • C08J2429/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer(ii) a Carrying out corona treatment on the single-layer wood veneer, and compounding wood veneer blanks in a multilayer manner; the wood-plastic plate prepared by the method has good mechanical properties, wherein the tensile strength is more than or equal to 35.2MPa, the bending strength is more than or equal to 63.3MPa, the bending modulus is more than or equal to 4810MPa, and the impact strength is more than or equal to 9.3kJ/m2And the material has no ammonia odor, has the formaldehyde release amount of less than or equal to 0.5mg/L, meets the national standard, can be used as an indoor plate, and is more environment-friendly and healthy.

Description

Preparation method of high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer.
Background
The wood-based plywood is an artificial board which is made by processing wood chips, paper pulp fibers, peanut shells, bamboos, straws and the like serving as fillers through a board pressing machine. The method can recycle the waste and improve the utilization rate of the wood. In order to improve the mechanical property of the wood-glue board, the addition of the adhesive is necessary, the adhesive used for the wood-glue board at present is usually white latex or universal glue (309 glue), which contains a large amount of formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds and is extremely harmful to human bodies, and the mechanical property of the wood-glue board cannot be ensured by selecting the environment-friendly adhesive.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood-plastic plate.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing diisocyanate, polycarbonate diol, epoxy resin and an organic tin catalyst, heating to 60-75 ℃, reacting for 1-2h, dissolving a composite chain extender in acetone, adding the mixture into a reaction system, continuing to react for 3-5h, cooling to 40-45 ℃, adding an end capping agent, continuing to react for 1-2h, adding tetraethylammonium hydroxide, stirring for 5-10min, adding water, and finally dispersing at a high speed for 1-2h to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion;
s2: adding gelatinized starch into a sodium hypochlorite solution, heating to 90-95 ℃, treating for 3-5h, filtering, washing with water and drying to obtain oxidized gelatinized starch, mixing the oxidized gelatinized starch with polyvinyl alcohol, potassium persulfate and water, heating to 60-70 ℃, stirring and reacting for 5-10h, cooling to 40-50 ℃, adding chitosan and a plasticizer, reacting for 10-20min, adding an aqueous polyurethane emulsion and an emulsifier, and continuously reacting for 1-3h to obtain an adhesive;
s3: adding the adhesive, the dried wood powder, the reinforced fibers and the flame retardant into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, adding the mixed material into a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 70-75 ℃ and the pressure to be 3-5MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3-5min, demolding, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a single-layer wood-rubber plate;
s4: carrying out corona treatment on the single-layer wood veneer, wherein the current intensity of the corona treatment is 8-10A, the time of the corona treatment is 1-2s, uniformly coating the adhesive on the surface of the single-layer wood veneer, then laminating a plurality of single-layer wood veneers, placing the single-layer wood veneers in a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 85-90 ℃, the pressure to be 10-12MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5-10min, and demoulding and taking out to obtain a wood veneer blank;
s5: and (3) placing the wood veneer blank in vacuum drying equipment, heating to 110 ℃ at the speed of 4-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-3h, then heating to 120 ℃ at the speed of 1-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1-1.5h, and naturally recovering to room temperature to obtain the high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer.
Further, the diisocyanate is any one or combination of more of isophorone diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, 1, 5-naphthalene diisocyanate, 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate.
Further, the composite chain extender is 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 1, 4-butanediol, and the mass ratio of the 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid to the 1, 4-butanediol is 1-5: 1-5.
Further, the end-capping agent is any one or combination of methanol, KH-550, KH-560 and hydroxyethyl acrylate.
Further, the mass concentration of the sodium hypochlorite solution is 1-12%.
Further, the mass ratio of the oxidized gelatinized starch to the polyvinyl alcohol to the chitosan is 20-25: 5-10: 1-3.
Further, the plasticizer is any one or combination of more of glycerol, erythritol, xylitol and mannitol.
Further, the mass ratio of the adhesive to the dried wood powder to the reinforcing fiber to the flame retardant is 170-200: 800-900: 100-200: 1-5.
Further, the reinforcing fiber is any one or combination of more of aramid fiber, orlon fiber, polyester fiber, nylon fiber, vinylon fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyimide fiber, cotton fiber, sisal fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber and boron fiber.
Further, the flame retardant is diammonium hydrogen phosphate and borax, and the mass ratio of the diammonium hydrogen phosphate to the borax is (1-2): 1.
among them, the organotin catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate, dibutyltin bis (dodecylthio) and dibutyltin diacetate, and preferably dibutyltin dilaurate.
The emulsifier is any one or combination of OP-10, span 80, sodium stearate, glyceryl monostearate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and acacia gum, preferably OP-10.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the adhesive in the wood veneer provided by the invention takes the aqueous polyurethane emulsion as a matrix, and has the advantages of no toxicity, no pollution, good flexibility, high bonding strength and the like, the addition of the epoxy resin can improve the density of an adhesive film of the adhesive and the mechanical property of the wood veneer, tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide is taken as a neutralizer, the neutralization degree of polymerization reaction can be improved, after the adhesive film is formed, the ionic strength among molecular chains of the adhesive is increased, the interaction is enhanced, the cohesive energy is increased, the bonding strength of the adhesive film of the adhesive is improved, the mechanical property of the wood veneer is further improved, the starch has wide sources, is cheap and easy to obtain, is environment-friendly, is rich in hydroxyl in a long chain structure, is easy to absorb water and deliquesce, and can be used together with the aqueous polyurethane emulsion and polyvinyl alcohol after being oxidized, so that the defect can be overcome, the use of organic synthetic compounds can be reduced, and the cost is reduced, the addition of chitosan can improve the film forming property of the adhesive on wood flour, hydroxyl is contained in the molecular structure of the plasticizer added in the wood flour adhesive, hydrogen bonds can be formed between molecules and even inside the molecules, after small molecules of the plasticizer enter starch molecules, the interaction force between the starch molecules can be enhanced, the bonding property of the adhesive is further improved, the surface of a single-layer wood veneer is rich in adhesive molecules, corona treatment is carried out on the adhesive molecules, the adhesive molecules can generate polarity, the surface of the wood veneer can also be roughened, the two wood veneer can be more easily and firmly combined under high temperature and high pressure, the mechanical property of the wood veneer prepared by the wood veneer is good, and the tensile strength is high35.2MPa or more, 63.3MPa or more in bending strength, 4810MPa or more in bending modulus and 9.3kJ/m or more in impact strength2And the material has no ammonia odor, has the formaldehyde release amount of less than or equal to 0.5mg/L, meets the national standard, can be used as an indoor plate, and is more environment-friendly and healthy.
Detailed Description
The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1:
a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing isophorone diisocyanate, polycarbonate diol, epoxy resin and dibutyltin dilaurate, heating to 70 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, and mixing 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 1, 4-butanediol in a mass ratio of 1: dissolving a composite chain extender consisting of the components 1 in acetone, adding the mixture into a reaction system, continuously reacting for 5 hours, cooling to 40 ℃, adding hydroxyethyl acrylate for sealing, continuously reacting for 2 hours, adding tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, stirring for 10 minutes, adding water, finally dispersing at a high speed for 1 hour to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, adding gelatinized starch into a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass concentration of 10%, heating to 90 ℃, treating for 3 hours, filtering, washing with water, drying to obtain oxidized gelatinized starch, mixing the oxidized gelatinized starch with polyvinyl alcohol, potassium persulfate and water, heating to 65 ℃, stirring for reacting for 5 hours, cooling to 45 ℃, adding chitosan and mannitol, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized gelatinized starch to the polyvinyl alcohol to the chitosan is 25: 5: 3, reacting for 20min, adding the waterborne polyurethane emulsion and an emulsifier OP-10, continuously reacting for 3h to obtain an adhesive, and mixing the adhesive, the dried wood flour, the sisal fibers and the flame retardant (the diammonium phosphate and the borax are mixed according to a mass ratio of 2: 1) according to a mass ratio of 180: 900: 100: 1, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 75 ℃, the pressure to be 5MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a single-layer wood veneer with the thickness of 1mm, carrying out corona treatment on the single-layer wood veneer, wherein the current intensity of the corona treatment is 8A, the time of the corona treatment is 1s, uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of the single-layer wood veneer, then attaching the 5 single-layer wood veneers, and placing the attached single-layer wood veneers into the mold (the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive, the lower bottom surface of the upper-layer wood veneer and the upper top surface of the lower-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive), controlling the temperature of the mold to be 90 ℃, the pressure to be 10MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, obtaining a wood veneer blank, placing the wood veneer blank into a vacuum drying device, heating to 100 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2h, then heating to 110 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1h, and finally naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Example 2:
a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing isophorone diisocyanate, polycarbonate diol, epoxy resin and dibutyltin dilaurate, heating to 60 ℃, reacting for 1h, and mixing 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 1, 4-butanediol in a mass ratio of 1: dissolving a composite chain extender consisting of 1 in acetone, adding the mixture into a reaction system, continuously reacting for 3 hours, cooling to 40 ℃, adding an end capping agent hydroxyethyl acrylate, continuously reacting for 1 hour, adding tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, stirring for 5min, adding water, finally dispersing at a high speed for 1 hour to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, adding gelatinized starch into a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass concentration of 1%, heating to 90 ℃, treating for 3 hours, filtering, washing with water, drying to obtain oxidized gelatinized starch, mixing the oxidized gelatinized starch with polyvinyl alcohol, potassium persulfate and water, heating to 60 ℃, stirring, reacting for 5 hours, cooling to 40 ℃, adding chitosan and mannitol, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized gelatinized starch, the polyvinyl alcohol and the chitosan is 20: 5: 1, reacting for 10min, adding the waterborne polyurethane emulsion and an emulsifier OP-10, continuously reacting for 1h to obtain an adhesive, and mixing the adhesive, dried wood flour, sisal fibers and a flame retardant (consisting of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and borax in a mass ratio of 1: 1) according to a mass ratio of 170: 800: 100: 1, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 70 ℃, the pressure to be 3MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3min, demolding, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a single-layer wood veneer with the thickness of 1mm, carrying out corona treatment on the single-layer wood veneer, wherein the current intensity of the corona treatment is 8A, the time of the corona treatment is 1s, uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of the single-layer wood veneer, then attaching 5 single-layer wood veneers, and placing the attached single-layer wood veneers into the mold (the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive, the lower bottom surface of the upper-layer wood veneer and the upper top surface of the lower-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive), controlling the temperature of the mold to be 85 ℃, the pressure to be 10MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, obtaining a wood veneer blank, placing the wood veneer blank into a vacuum drying device, heating to 100 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2h, then heating to 110 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1h, and finally naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Example 3:
a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing isophorone diisocyanate, polycarbonate diol, epoxy resin and dibutyltin dilaurate, heating to 75 ℃, reacting for 2h, and mixing 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 1, 4-butanediol in a mass ratio of 1: dissolving a composite chain extender consisting of the components 1 in acetone, adding the mixture into a reaction system, continuously reacting for 5 hours, cooling to 45 ℃, adding an end capping agent hydroxyethyl acrylate, continuously reacting for 2 hours, adding tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, stirring for 10min, adding water, finally dispersing at a high speed for 2 hours to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, adding gelatinized starch into a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass concentration of 12%, heating to 95 ℃, treating for 5 hours, filtering, washing with water, drying to obtain oxidized gelatinized starch, mixing the oxidized gelatinized starch with polyvinyl alcohol, potassium persulfate and water, heating to 70 ℃, stirring, reacting for 10 hours, cooling to 50 ℃, adding chitosan and mannitol, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized gelatinized starch to the polyvinyl alcohol to the chitosan is 25: 10: 3, reacting for 20min, adding the waterborne polyurethane emulsion and an emulsifier OP-10, continuously reacting for 3h to obtain an adhesive, and mixing the adhesive, the dried wood flour, the sisal fibers and the flame retardant (the diammonium phosphate and the borax are mixed according to a mass ratio of 2: 1) according to a mass ratio of 200: 900: 200: 1, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 75 ℃, the pressure to be 5MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a single-layer wood veneer with the thickness of 1mm, carrying out corona treatment on the single-layer wood veneer, wherein the current intensity of the corona treatment is 10A, the time of the corona treatment is 2s, uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of the single-layer wood veneer, then attaching the 5 single-layer wood veneers, and placing the attached single-layer wood veneers into the mold (the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive, the lower bottom surface of the upper-layer wood veneer and the upper top surface of the lower-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive), controlling the temperature of the mold to be 90 ℃, the pressure to be 12MPa, maintaining the pressure for 10min, demolding, obtaining a wood veneer blank, placing the wood veneer blank in a vacuum drying device, heating to 110 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3h, then heating to 120 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1.5h, and finally naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Example 4:
a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing isophorone diisocyanate, polycarbonate diol, epoxy resin and dibutyltin dilaurate, heating to 60 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, and mixing 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 1, 4-butanediol in a mass ratio of 1: dissolving a composite chain extender consisting of 1 in acetone, adding the mixture into a reaction system, continuously reacting for 3 hours, cooling to 45 ℃, adding an end capping agent hydroxyethyl acrylate, continuously reacting for 1 hour, adding tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, stirring for 10min, adding water, finally dispersing at a high speed for 1 hour to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, adding gelatinized starch into a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass concentration of 12%, heating to 90 ℃, treating for 5 hours, filtering, washing with water, drying to obtain oxidized gelatinized starch, mixing the oxidized gelatinized starch with polyvinyl alcohol, potassium persulfate and water, heating to 60 ℃, stirring, reacting for 10 hours, cooling to 40 ℃, adding chitosan and mannitol, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized gelatinized starch to the polyvinyl alcohol to the chitosan is 25: 5: 3, reacting for 10min, adding the waterborne polyurethane emulsion and an emulsifier OP-10, continuously reacting for 3h to obtain an adhesive, and mixing the adhesive, the dried wood flour, the sisal fibers and the flame retardant (the diammonium phosphate and the borax are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1: 1) according to a mass ratio of 200: 900: 200: 1, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 75 ℃, the pressure to be 3MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a single-layer wood veneer with the thickness of 1mm, carrying out corona treatment on the single-layer wood veneer, wherein the current intensity of the corona treatment is 8A, the time of the corona treatment is 2s, uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of the single-layer wood veneer, then attaching 5 single-layer wood veneers, and placing the attached single-layer wood veneers into the mold (the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive, the lower bottom surface of the upper-layer wood veneer and the upper top surface of the lower-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive), controlling the temperature of the mold to be 85 ℃, the pressure to be 12MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, obtaining a wood veneer blank, placing the wood veneer blank into a vacuum drying device, heating to 100 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3h, then heating to 120 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1h, and finally naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Example 5:
a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing isophorone diisocyanate, polycarbonate diol, epoxy resin and dibutyltin dilaurate, heating to 75 ℃, reacting for 1h, and mixing 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 1, 4-butanediol in a mass ratio of 1: dissolving a composite chain extender consisting of the components 1 in acetone, adding the mixture into a reaction system, continuously reacting for 5 hours, cooling to 40 ℃, adding an end capping agent hydroxyethyl acrylate, continuously reacting for 2 hours, adding tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, stirring for 5min, adding water, finally dispersing at a high speed for 2 hours to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, adding gelatinized starch into a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass concentration of 10%, heating to 95 ℃, processing for 3 hours, filtering, washing with water, drying to obtain oxidized gelatinized starch, mixing the oxidized gelatinized starch with polyvinyl alcohol, potassium persulfate and water, heating to 70 ℃, stirring, reacting for 5 hours, cooling to 50 ℃, adding chitosan and mannitol, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized gelatinized starch to the polyvinyl alcohol to the chitosan is 20: 10: 1, reacting for 20min, adding the waterborne polyurethane emulsion and an emulsifier OP-10, continuously reacting for 1h to obtain an adhesive, and mixing the adhesive, dried wood flour, sisal fibers and a flame retardant (diammonium hydrogen phosphate and borax in a mass ratio of 1-2: 1) in a mass ratio of 200: 900: 200: 1, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 75 ℃, the pressure to be 5MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a single-layer wood veneer with the thickness of 1mm, carrying out corona treatment on the single-layer wood veneer, wherein the current intensity of the corona treatment is 10A, the time of the corona treatment is 2s, uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of the single-layer wood veneer, then attaching the 5 single-layer wood veneers, and placing the attached single-layer wood veneers into the mold (the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive, the lower bottom surface of the upper-layer wood veneer and the upper top surface of the lower-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive), controlling the temperature of the mold to be 90 ℃, the pressure to be 10MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, obtaining a wood veneer blank, placing the wood veneer blank in a vacuum drying device, heating to 100 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3h, then heating to 120 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1.5h, and finally naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Example 6:
a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing isophorone diisocyanate, polycarbonate diol, epoxy resin and dibutyltin dilaurate, heating to 75 ℃, reacting for 2h, and mixing 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 1, 4-butanediol in a mass ratio of 1: dissolving a composite chain extender consisting of 1 in acetone, adding the mixture into a reaction system, continuously reacting for 3 hours, cooling to 40 ℃, adding an end capping agent hydroxyethyl acrylate, continuously reacting for 1 hour, adding tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, stirring for 10min, adding water, finally dispersing at a high speed for 2 hours to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, adding gelatinized starch into a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass concentration of 6%, heating to 95 ℃, treating for 5 hours, filtering, washing with water, drying to obtain oxidized gelatinized starch, mixing the oxidized gelatinized starch with polyvinyl alcohol, potassium persulfate and water, heating to 60 ℃, stirring, reacting for 10 hours, cooling to 45 ℃, adding chitosan and mannitol, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized gelatinized starch to the polyvinyl alcohol to the chitosan is 25: 5: 1, reacting for 20min, adding the waterborne polyurethane emulsion and an emulsifier OP-10, continuously reacting for 1h to obtain an adhesive, and mixing the adhesive, dried wood flour, sisal fibers and a flame retardant (diammonium hydrogen phosphate and borax in a mass ratio of 1-2: 1) according to a mass ratio of 170: 900: 150: 1, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 70 ℃, the pressure to be 5MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3min, demolding, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a single-layer wood veneer with the thickness of 1mm, carrying out corona treatment on the single-layer wood veneer, wherein the current intensity of the corona treatment is 8, the time of the corona treatment is 1s, uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of the single-layer wood veneer, then attaching the 5 single-layer wood veneers, placing the attached single-layer wood veneers into the mold (the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive, the lower bottom surface of the upper-layer wood veneer and the upper top surface of the lower-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive), controlling the temperature of the mold to be 90 ℃, the pressure to be 10MPa, maintaining the pressure for 10min, demolding, obtaining a wood veneer blank, placing the wood veneer blank into a vacuum drying device, heating to 100 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3h, then heating to 120 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1h, and finally naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Comparative example 1:
a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing isophorone diisocyanate, polycarbonate diol and dibutyltin dilaurate, heating to 70 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, and mixing 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 1, 4-butanediol in a mass ratio of 1: dissolving a composite chain extender consisting of the components 1 in acetone, adding the mixture into a reaction system, continuously reacting for 5 hours, cooling to 40 ℃, adding hydroxyethyl acrylate for sealing, continuously reacting for 2 hours, adding tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, stirring for 10 minutes, adding water, finally dispersing at a high speed for 1 hour to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, adding gelatinized starch into a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass concentration of 10%, heating to 90 ℃, treating for 3 hours, filtering, washing with water, drying to obtain oxidized gelatinized starch, mixing the oxidized gelatinized starch with polyvinyl alcohol, potassium persulfate and water, heating to 65 ℃, stirring for reacting for 5 hours, cooling to 45 ℃, adding chitosan and mannitol, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized gelatinized starch to the polyvinyl alcohol to the chitosan is 25: 5: 3, reacting for 20min, adding the waterborne polyurethane emulsion and an emulsifier OP-10, continuously reacting for 3h to obtain an adhesive, and mixing the adhesive, the dried wood flour, the sisal fibers and the flame retardant (the diammonium phosphate and the borax are mixed according to a mass ratio of 2: 1) according to a mass ratio of 180: 900: 100: 1, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 75 ℃, the pressure to be 5MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a single-layer wood veneer with the thickness of 1mm, carrying out corona treatment on the single-layer wood veneer, wherein the current intensity of the corona treatment is 8A, the time of the corona treatment is 1s, uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of the single-layer wood veneer, then attaching the 5 single-layer wood veneers, and placing the attached single-layer wood veneers into the mold (the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive, the lower bottom surface of the upper-layer wood veneer and the upper top surface of the lower-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive), controlling the temperature of the mold to be 90 ℃, the pressure to be 10MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, obtaining a wood veneer blank, placing the wood veneer blank into a vacuum drying device, heating to 100 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2h, then heating to 110 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1h, and finally naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Comparative example 1 is essentially the same as example 1 except that no epoxy resin is added.
Comparative example 2:
a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing isophorone diisocyanate, polycarbonate diol, epoxy resin and dibutyltin dilaurate, heating to 70 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, and mixing 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 1, 4-butanediol in a mass ratio of 1: dissolving a composite chain extender consisting of 1 in acetone, adding the mixture into a reaction system, continuously reacting for 5 hours, cooling to 40 ℃, adding hydroxyethyl acrylate for sealing, continuously reacting for 2 hours, adding triethylamine, stirring for 10min, adding water, finally dispersing at a high speed for 1 hour to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, adding gelatinized starch into a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass concentration of 10%, heating to 90 ℃, treating for 3 hours, filtering, washing with water, drying to obtain oxidized gelatinized starch, mixing the oxidized gelatinized starch with polyvinyl alcohol, potassium persulfate and water, heating to 65 ℃, stirring for reacting for 5 hours, cooling to 45 ℃, adding chitosan and mannitol, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized gelatinized starch, the polyvinyl alcohol and the chitosan is 25: 5: 3, reacting for 20min, adding the waterborne polyurethane emulsion and an emulsifier OP-10, continuously reacting for 3h to obtain an adhesive, and mixing the adhesive, the dried wood flour, the sisal fibers and the flame retardant (the diammonium phosphate and the borax are mixed according to a mass ratio of 2: 1) according to a mass ratio of 180: 900: 100: 1, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 75 ℃, the pressure to be 5MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a single-layer wood veneer with the thickness of 1mm, carrying out corona treatment on the single-layer wood veneer, wherein the current intensity of the corona treatment is 8A, the time of the corona treatment is 1s, uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of the single-layer wood veneer, then attaching the 5 single-layer wood veneers, and placing the attached single-layer wood veneers into the mold (the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive, the lower bottom surface of the upper-layer wood veneer and the upper top surface of the lower-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive), controlling the temperature of the mold to be 90 ℃, the pressure to be 10MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, obtaining a wood veneer blank, placing the wood veneer blank into a vacuum drying device, heating to 100 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2h, then heating to 110 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1h, and finally naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Comparative example 2 is essentially the same as example 1 except that triethylamine is used instead of tetraethylammonium hydroxide.
Comparative example 3:
a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing isophorone diisocyanate, polycarbonate diol, epoxy resin and dibutyltin dilaurate, heating to 70 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, and mixing 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 1, 4-butanediol in a mass ratio of 1: dissolving a composite chain extender consisting of the components 1 in acetone, adding the mixture into a reaction system, continuously reacting for 5 hours, cooling to 40 ℃, adding hydroxyethyl acrylate for end sealing, continuously reacting for 2 hours, adding tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, stirring for 10min, adding water, finally dispersing at a high speed for 1 hour to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, mixing common starch with polyvinyl alcohol, potassium persulfate and water, heating to 65 ℃, stirring for reacting for 5 hours, cooling to 45 ℃, adding chitosan and mannitol, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized gelatinized starch to the polyvinyl alcohol to the chitosan is 25: 5: 3, reacting for 20min, adding the waterborne polyurethane emulsion and an emulsifier OP-10, continuously reacting for 3h to obtain an adhesive, and mixing the adhesive, the dried wood flour, the sisal fibers and the flame retardant (the diammonium phosphate and the borax are mixed according to a mass ratio of 2: 1) according to a mass ratio of 180: 900: 100: 1, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 75 ℃, the pressure to be 5MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a single-layer wood veneer with the thickness of 1mm, carrying out corona treatment on the single-layer wood veneer, wherein the current intensity of the corona treatment is 8A, the time of the corona treatment is 1s, uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of the single-layer wood veneer, then attaching the 5 single-layer wood veneers, and placing the attached single-layer wood veneers into the mold (the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive, the lower bottom surface of the upper-layer wood veneer and the upper top surface of the lower-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive), controlling the temperature of the mold to be 90 ℃, the pressure to be 10MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, obtaining a wood veneer blank, placing the wood veneer blank into a vacuum drying device, heating to 100 ℃ at, preserving the temperature for 1h, and finally naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Comparative example 3 is essentially the same as example 1 except that the oxidized gelatinized starch is replaced with a normal starch.
Comparative example 4:
a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer comprises the following steps:
mixing a commercially available adhesive (urea formaldehyde resin 5632#, manufacturer: Hengtong chemical industry), dried wood powder, sisal fibers and a flame retardant (diammonium hydrogen phosphate and borax in a mass ratio of 2: 1) in a mass ratio of 180: 900: 100: 1, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 75 ℃, the pressure to be 5MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a single-layer wood veneer with the thickness of 1mm, carrying out corona treatment on the single-layer wood veneer, wherein the current intensity of the corona treatment is 8A, the time of the corona treatment is 1s, uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of the single-layer wood veneer, then attaching the 5 single-layer wood veneers, and placing the attached single-layer wood veneers into the mold (the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive, the lower bottom surface of the upper-layer wood veneer and the upper top surface of the lower-layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive), controlling the temperature of the mold to be 90 ℃, the pressure to be 10MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, obtaining a wood veneer blank, placing the wood veneer blank into a vacuum drying device, heating to 100 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2h, then heating to 110 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1h, and finally naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Comparative example 4 is substantially the same as example 1 except that a commercially available adhesive is used in place of the adhesive in the present application.
Comparative example 5:
a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing isophorone diisocyanate, polycarbonate diol, epoxy resin and dibutyltin dilaurate, heating to 70 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, and mixing 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 1, 4-butanediol in a mass ratio of 1: dissolving a composite chain extender consisting of the components 1 in acetone, adding the mixture into a reaction system, continuously reacting for 5 hours, cooling to 40 ℃, adding hydroxyethyl acrylate for sealing, continuously reacting for 2 hours, adding tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, stirring for 10 minutes, adding water, finally dispersing at a high speed for 1 hour to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, adding gelatinized starch into a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass concentration of 10%, heating to 90 ℃, treating for 3 hours, filtering, washing with water, drying to obtain oxidized gelatinized starch, mixing the oxidized gelatinized starch with polyvinyl alcohol, potassium persulfate and water, heating to 65 ℃, stirring for reacting for 5 hours, cooling to 45 ℃, adding chitosan and mannitol, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized gelatinized starch to the polyvinyl alcohol to the chitosan is 25: 5: 3, reacting for 20min, adding the waterborne polyurethane emulsion and an emulsifier OP-10, continuously reacting for 3h to obtain an adhesive, and mixing the adhesive, the dried wood flour, the sisal fibers and the flame retardant (the diammonium phosphate and the borax are mixed according to a mass ratio of 2: 1) according to a mass ratio of 180: 900: 100: 1, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 75 ℃, the pressure to be 5MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, demolding, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a single-layer wood veneer with the thickness of 1mm, uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of the single-layer wood veneer, attaching 5 single-layer wood veneers, placing the attached single-layer wood veneers into the mold (the upper surface and the lower surface of the wood veneer of the middle layer are coated with the adhesive, the lower bottom surface of the upper layer wood veneer and the upper top surface of the lower layer wood veneer are coated with the adhesive), controlling the temperature of the mold to be 90 ℃, the pressure to be 10MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, taking out the mold, obtaining a wood veneer blank, placing the wood veneer blank into a vacuum drying device, heating to 100 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2h, heating to 110 ℃ at the speed.
Comparative example 5 is substantially the same as example 1 except that the single layer wood veneer was not corona treated.
And (3) performance testing:
the wood veneer prepared in the examples 1 to 6 and the comparative examples 1 to 5 of the invention are used for preparing samples required by tests on a universal sampling machine and are respectively tested, and the specific test method comprises the following steps:
the tensile property is specified in national standard GB/T1040.1-2006, the tensile speed is 2mm/s, and the tensile strength of the sample is measured at room temperature.
The bending property test is carried out according to the regulation of national standard GB/T1040.1-2006, an electronic universal material tester is used for measuring the bending strength and the bending modulus of a test sample at room temperature at the bending speed of 5mm/min, the fixed deflection is 15mm, and the span is 64 mm.
The impact performance test is carried out according to the regulation of GB/T1043.1-2008, notch samples are adopted, the samples are subjected to 48-hour aging treatment, and the impact strength of the samples is measured by a cantilever beam impact tester.
The odor evaluation refers to the standard HG/T4065-.
The formaldehyde emission test is carried out according to the regulation of GB18580-2001, a vessel containing a specified volume of distilled water is placed at the bottom of a dryer, a sample to be tested is placed on a metal bracket fixed above the vessel, formaldehyde released by the sample is absorbed by the distilled water, the absorption liquid is used as a sample solution, the concentration of the sample solution is measured and calculated, and the result is the formaldehyde emission of the sample to be tested.
The results of the performance tests are shown in table 1 below:
table 1:
Figure BDA0003032485770000171
Figure BDA0003032485770000181
as can be seen from the above table 1, the wood-plastic plate prepared by the method has good mechanical properties, wherein the tensile strength is more than or equal to 35.2MPa, the bending strength is more than or equal to 63.3MPa, the bending modulus is more than or equal to 4810MPa, and the impact strength is more than or equal to 9.3kJ/m2And the formaldehyde release amount is less than or equal to 0.5mg/L, meets the national standard, can be used as an indoor plate, is more environment-friendly and healthyKang (health recovery).
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing diisocyanate, polycarbonate diol, epoxy resin and an organic tin catalyst, heating to 60-75 ℃, reacting for 1-2h, dissolving a composite chain extender in acetone, adding the mixture into a reaction system, continuing to react for 3-5h, cooling to 40-45 ℃, adding an end capping agent, continuing to react for 1-2h, adding tetraethylammonium hydroxide, stirring for 5-10min, adding water, and finally dispersing at a high speed for 1-2h to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion;
s2: adding gelatinized starch into a sodium hypochlorite solution, heating to 90-95 ℃, treating for 3-5h, filtering, washing with water and drying to obtain oxidized gelatinized starch, mixing the oxidized gelatinized starch with polyvinyl alcohol, potassium persulfate and water, heating to 60-70 ℃, stirring and reacting for 5-10h, cooling to 40-50 ℃, adding chitosan and a plasticizer, reacting for 10-20min, adding an aqueous polyurethane emulsion and an emulsifier, and continuously reacting for 1-3h to obtain an adhesive;
s3: adding the adhesive, the dried wood powder, the reinforced fibers and the flame retardant into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing, adding the mixed material into a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 70-75 ℃ and the pressure to be 3-5MPa, maintaining the pressure for 3-5min, demolding, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a single-layer wood-rubber plate;
s4: carrying out corona treatment on the single-layer wood veneer, wherein the current intensity of the corona treatment is 8-10A, the time of the corona treatment is 1-2s, uniformly coating the adhesive on the surface of the single-layer wood veneer, then laminating a plurality of single-layer wood veneers, placing the single-layer wood veneers in a mold, controlling the temperature of the mold to be 85-90 ℃, the pressure to be 10-12MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5-10min, and demoulding and taking out to obtain a wood veneer blank;
s5: and (3) placing the wood veneer blank in vacuum drying equipment, heating to 110 ℃ at the speed of 4-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-3h, then heating to 120 ℃ at the speed of 1-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1-1.5h, and naturally recovering to room temperature to obtain the high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer.
2. The high-strength environmentally friendly wood veneer according to claim 1, wherein the diisocyanate is any one or more of isophorone diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, 1, 5-naphthalene diisocyanate, 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, and hexamethylene diisocyanate.
3. The high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite chain extender is 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 1, 4-butanediol, and the mass ratio of the 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid to the 1, 4-butanediol is 1-5: 1-5.
4. The high-strength environmentally friendly wood-based veneer according to claim 1, wherein the end-capping agent is any one or a combination of methanol, KH-550, KH-560 and hydroxyethyl acrylate.
5. The high-strength environment-friendly wood-glue board as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the sodium hypochlorite solution is 1-12%.
6. The high-strength environment-friendly wood-glue board as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized gelatinized starch, the polyvinyl alcohol and the chitosan is 20-25: 5-10: 1-3.
7. The high-strength environmentally friendly wood veneer according to claim 1, wherein the plasticizer is any one or a combination of more of glycerol, erythritol, xylitol and mannitol.
8. The high-strength environment-friendly wood-based panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the adhesive, the dried wood powder, the reinforcing fiber and the flame retardant is 170-200: 800-900: 100-200: 1-5.
9. The high-strength environment-friendly wood-glue board as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fiber is any one or more of aramid fiber, orlon fiber, polyester fiber, nylon fiber, vinylon fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyimide fiber, cotton fiber, sisal fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber and boron fiber.
10. The high-strength environment-friendly wood veneer board according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is diammonium hydrogen phosphate and borax, and the mass ratio of the diammonium hydrogen phosphate to the borax is 1-2: 1.
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