CN113448363B - Automatic control system of Raman optical equipment - Google Patents
Automatic control system of Raman optical equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113448363B CN113448363B CN202110774633.8A CN202110774633A CN113448363B CN 113448363 B CN113448363 B CN 113448363B CN 202110774633 A CN202110774633 A CN 202110774633A CN 113448363 B CN113448363 B CN 113448363B
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- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
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- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic control system of Raman optical equipment, comprising: the device comprises an upper computer, a power supply module, a master control module, an audible and visual alarm module, a laser baffle control module, an attenuation sheet control module, a semi-transparent semi-reflective sheet control module, a temperature control module, a confocal small hole control module and a shutter control module. The temperature control module can realize accurate temperature control through the matching of a designed algorithm and hardware, can prevent the phenomenon that detection results are influenced because elements in the Raman spectrum detection equipment make optical paths cheap due to temperature change, can ensure the constant temperature in the Raman spectrum detection equipment, and can improve the stability of the optical paths. The cell detection device can effectively protect detected cells through the laser baffle control module and the attenuation sheet control module; the invention can effectively improve the quality of the detection signal through the confocal pinhole control module and the shutter control module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of Raman imaging, in particular to an automatic control system for Raman optical equipment.
Background
The raman spectroscopy detection technology is a detection technology that analyzes a raman scattering line of a compound at a specific excitation wavelength by using a group of related optical elements to obtain information on the molecular structure of the compound. The detection technology can realize sample analysis without fluorescent staining and marking, and has the advantages of rapidness, no damage and accuracy.
The optical element used in the Raman spectrum detection device can be automatically controlled by a stepping motor. The working principle of the stepping motor can convert the electric pulse signal into corresponding angular displacement or linear displacement. The stepping motor is a special motor for control, cannot be directly connected with a direct current power supply or an alternating current power supply, and must be controlled to move by using a special driving system. The reliability and stability of the drive control system is particularly important because it affects the performance of the stepper motor. Because the optical element fixing base among the raman spectroscopy check out test set is aluminium material usually, can cause step motor's heat dissipation problem, this problem can make the fixing base produce little deformation, makes the light path change equally, and then leads to unable detection. Therefore, the accurate control of the temperature in the raman spectroscopy detection device also has a large influence on the detection performance thereof. However, the existing control system for the raman spectroscopy detection device still has disadvantages in terms of precise temperature control and reliable motor control, so that there is a need for a more reliable control system for the raman optical device.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides an automated control system for raman optical devices, which is designed to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a raman optical device automation control system comprising: the device comprises an upper computer, a power supply module, a master control module, an acousto-optic alarm module, a laser baffle control module, an attenuation sheet control module, a semi-transparent semi-reflective sheet control module, a temperature control module, a confocal small hole control module and a shutter control module;
the master control module is in communication connection with the upper computer, and the sound-light alarm module, the laser baffle control module, the attenuation sheet control module, the semi-transparent semi-reflective sheet control module, the temperature control module, the confocal small hole control module and the shutter control module are all connected with the master control module;
the laser baffle control module is used for carrying out closed-loop control on the position of the baffle so as to realize the control of the on-off of the laser in the Raman optical equipment;
the attenuation sheet control module is used for carrying out closed-loop control on the position of an attenuation sheet wheel in the Raman optical equipment so as to switch different attenuation sheets on the attenuation sheet wheel into a light path;
the semi-transmitting and semi-reflecting sheet control module is used for carrying out closed-loop control on a semi-transmitting and semi-reflecting sheet switching light inlet and outlet path in the Raman optical equipment;
the temperature control module is used for carrying out closed-loop control on the temperature of the whole Raman optical equipment;
the confocal pinhole control module is used for carrying out closed-loop control on the opening and closing size of a confocal pinhole in the Raman optical equipment;
the shutter control module is used for carrying out closed-loop control on the position of a shutter in the Raman optical equipment so as to control the passage of a detection signal in the Raman optical equipment into the CCD camera to be opened or closed.
Preferably, the laser baffle control module comprises a baffle driving motor for driving the baffle to move, a baffle control chip for controlling the baffle driving motor, and a baffle optical coupling sensor for detecting the position information of the baffle and feeding back the position information to the baffle control chip.
Preferably, the attenuation sheet control module comprises an attenuation sheet wheel driving motor for driving the attenuation sheet wheel to rotate, an attenuation sheet wheel control chip for controlling the attenuation sheet wheel driving motor, and a hall sensor for detecting the position information of the attenuation sheet wheel and feeding the position information back to the attenuation sheet wheel control chip.
Preferably, the transflective sheet control module includes a transflective sheet driving motor for driving the transflective sheet to move to switch the light path, a transflective sheet control chip for controlling the transflective sheet driving motor, and a transflective sheet optical coupling sensor for detecting the position information of the transflective sheet and feeding back the position information to the transflective sheet control chip.
Preferably, the confocal aperture control module comprises a confocal aperture driving motor for driving the confocal aperture to open and close so as to adjust the size, a confocal aperture control chip for controlling the confocal aperture driving motor, and an encoder for detecting rotation information of the confocal aperture driving motor and feeding the rotation information back to the confocal aperture control chip.
Preferably, the shutter control module includes a shutter driving motor for driving the shutter to move, a shutter control chip for controlling the shutter driving motor, and a shutter optical coupler sensor for detecting the position information of the shutter and feeding back the position information to the shutter control chip.
Preferably, the temperature control module includes a peltier, a temperature control chip for controlling the peltier, and a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the raman optical device and feeding back the detection result to the temperature control chip.
Preferably, the temperature control chip adopts a PID control method to realize closed-loop control of the peltier, and the PID control method includes the following steps:
1) recording the nth measured value of the temperature sensor as XnThe set temperature control target value is SVCalculating an error E between the temperature control target value and the nth measurement value of the temperature sensorn，En＝SV-Xn；
2) The output of the nth time PID control is calculated according to the following formula:
Pout＝Kp×En+out1
Iout＝Ki×Sn+out2；
Dout＝Kd×Dn+out3
Sn＝E1+E2+E3+…+En-1+En，Dn＝En-En-1；
wherein, Kp、Ki、KdAll the parameters are optimized parameter values obtained in advance through testing and are constants; out1、out2、out3Is sequentially Pout、Iout、DoutThe initial set value of (a);
the output of the nth PID control is:
PIDout＝Pout+Iout+Dout＝Kp×En+Ki×Sn+Kd×Dn+out1+out2+out3；
3) controlling the output PID obtained in the step 2)outThe peltier is driven as a duty cycle of the PWM.
Preferably, the power supply module comprises a power supply and a plurality of power supply conversion modules connected with the power supply and used for converting the power supply into direct current power supply outputs with different voltage magnitudes.
Preferably, the raman optical device includes a laser, a white light source, the attenuation wheel, the baffle, a first reflector, a second reflector, the transflective sheet, a side filter, a microscope objective, a white light camera, a third reflector, the shutter, the confocal aperture and the CCD camera, wherein the attenuation wheel is provided with a plurality of attenuation sheets, and the baffle is located on a light path between the attenuation wheel and the first reflector;
the method for controlling the Raman optical equipment by the automatic control system of the Raman optical equipment comprises the following steps:
s1, white light imaging, positioning:
the semi-transparent semi-reflecting plate control module controls the semi-transparent semi-reflecting plate to be switched into a light path, a white light source is turned on, white light irradiates a sample, reflected light of the sample passes through the microscope and is reflected to the white light camera by the semi-transparent semi-reflecting plate, the upper computer obtains a sample image collected by the white light camera and adjusts the position of the sample according to the sample image, and a region to be measured in the sample moves to the middle of the field of view of the microscope objective;
s2, Raman imaging:
the semi-transparent semi-reflective sheet control module controls the semi-transparent semi-reflective sheet to move out of the optical path, the laser is started, the attenuation sheet control module controls the attenuation sheet wheel to rotate so that the required attenuation sheet is switched to enter the optical path, the shutter control module controls the shutter to be opened, and after the laser is stabilized, the laser baffle control module controls the baffle to be opened;
laser emitted by the laser is attenuated by an attenuation sheet, then enters the first reflector through the baffle, is reflected by the first reflector and the second reflector in sequence, then reaches the side band filter, is reflected by the side band filter, and irradiates a sample after passing through the microscope objective;
raman light emitted by a sample is collected by the microscope objective, then transmits the sideband optical filter, is reflected by the third reflector, then reaches the CCD camera through the shutter and the confocal small hole, and the CCD camera establishes a Raman spectrogram according to the collected signal; the confocal pinhole control module controls the opening and closing size of the confocal pinhole, the shutter control module controls the shutter to close during the signal processing period after the CCD camera completes one-time sampling, the signal path entering the CCD camera is cut off, and the shutter is opened when the CCD camera performs the next signal acquisition.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the automatic control system of the Raman optical equipment adopts multi-module independent control, namely controllers correspond to independent control elements respectively, and all the controllers carry out task allocation through a master control module; the master controller is connected with the upper computer, the accurate control of the Raman light path can be completed through the upper computer, the control stability of the system is strong, the automation degree is high, the operation is easy, and the personnel cost is greatly reduced; the modular design mode enables each module to reach the minimum volume, is beneficial to the miniaturization of equipment, has high maintainability and is beneficial to the updating and upgrading of the equipment.
The temperature control module can realize accurate temperature control through the matching of a designed algorithm and hardware, can prevent the phenomenon that detection results are influenced because elements in the Raman spectrum detection equipment make optical paths cheap due to temperature change, can ensure the constant temperature in the Raman spectrum detection equipment, and can improve the stability of the optical paths.
The cell to be detected can be effectively protected by the laser baffle control module and the attenuation sheet control module;
the invention can effectively improve the quality of the detection signal through the confocal pinhole control module and the shutter control module;
according to the invention, through the matching of the semi-transmitting and semi-reflecting sheet control module, the switching between white light imaging and Raman imaging can be realized, so that the region to be detected can be positioned through white light imaging, the detected signal of the region to be detected reaches the maximum value when Raman imaging is carried out, and the accuracy of the detection result can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the Raman optics automation control system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a control diagram of the power module of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an optical path diagram of the raman optical device in the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
10-an upper computer; 11-a power supply module; 12-a sound and light alarm module; 13-a master control module; 14-laser baffle control module; 15-attenuation sheet control module; 16-a semi-transparent semi-reflecting sheet control module; 17-a temperature control module; 18-confocal small hole control module; 19-a shutter control module; 100-a communication unit;
140-baffle drive motor; 141-baffle control chip; 142-baffle optocoupler sensors;
150-attenuation piece wheel drive motor; 151-attenuator wheel control chip; 152-a hall sensor;
160-a semi-transparent semi-reflecting sheet driving motor; 161-semi-transparent semi-reflecting sheet control chip; 162-semi-transparent semi-reflective sheet optical coupler sensor;
170-peltier; 171-temperature control chip; 172-temperature sensor;
180-confocal small hole driving motor; 181-confocal pinhole control chip; 182-an encoder;
190-shutter driving motor; 191-a shutter control chip; 192-shutter optocoupler sensor;
20-a laser; 21-a white light source; 22-attenuation sheet wheel; 23-a baffle; 24 — a first mirror; 25-a second mirror; 26-semi-permeable and semi-reflective sheet; 27-sideband optical filter; 28-microscope objective; 29-white light camera; 30-a third mirror; 31-a shutter; 32-confocal pinhole; 33-a CCD camera; 34-sample.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an automated control system for a raman optical device of the present embodiment includes: the device comprises an upper computer 10, a power supply module 11, a master control module 13, an acousto-optic alarm module 12, a laser baffle control module 14, an attenuation sheet control module 15, a semi-transparent semi-reflective sheet control module 16, a temperature control module, a confocal small hole control module 18 and a shutter control module 19;
the master control module 13 is in communication connection with the upper computer 10, and the sound-light alarm module 12, the laser baffle control module 14, the attenuation sheet control module 15, the semi-transparent semi-reflective sheet control module 16, the temperature control module, the confocal small hole control module 18 and the shutter control module 19 are all connected with the master control module 13.
The laser baffle control module 14 is used for performing closed-loop control on the position of the baffle 23 to control the on-off of laser in the raman optical device;
the attenuation sheet control module 15 is used for performing closed-loop control on the position of an attenuation sheet wheel 22 in the raman optical device to switch different attenuation sheets on the attenuation sheet wheel 22 into an optical path;
the transflective sheet control module 16 is configured to perform closed-loop control on the transflective sheet 26 in the raman optical device by switching between an entrance optical path and an exit optical path;
the temperature control module is used for carrying out closed-loop control on the temperature of the whole Raman optical equipment;
the confocal aperture control module 18 is used for performing closed-loop control on the opening and closing size of a confocal aperture 32 in the raman optical device;
the shutter control module 19 is used for performing closed-loop control on the position of the shutter 31 in the raman optical device to control the opening or closing of the passage of the detection signal in the raman optical device into the CCD camera 33.
In one embodiment, the general control module 13 is in communication connection with the upper computer 10 through the communication unit 100. In a further embodiment, the master control module 13 communicates with the upper computer 10 in an RS232 communication manner. After the operation of the master control module 13 is finished, the master control module responds to the upper computer 10; meanwhile, the master control module 13 records the current states of the control modules in real time, and transmits the states of the control modules to the upper computer 10, so that damage to equipment caused by misoperation is avoided.
In an embodiment, when a problem occurs in the detection process of the system, the master control module 13 not only transmits the fault information to the upper computer 10, but also controls the acousto-optic-electric alarm module to send out an alarm signal, so as to ensure that the system can be manually intervened in time.
In one embodiment, the master control module 13 communicates with each control module by a CAN bus, which has the advantages of strong real-time performance, long transmission distance, strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability, low cost, etc., and adopts a two-wire serial communication mode, which has strong error detection capability, CAN work in a high-noise interference environment, and has a reliable error detection and error processing mechanism.
In one embodiment, the general control module 13 adopts a high-performance microcontroller STM32F4, and has strong stability and high control efficiency.
In an embodiment, the laser barrier control module 14 includes a barrier driving motor 140 for driving the barrier 23 to move, a barrier control chip 141 for controlling the barrier driving motor 140, and a barrier optical coupling sensor 142 for detecting position information of the barrier 23 and feeding the position information back to the barrier control chip 141. The laser baffle control module 14 plays a role of blocking laser, and the continuous irradiation of the laser to the cells can reduce the activity of the cells and even lead to cell death. The Raman spectrum detection object is a living cell, so that the laser is shielded by the control unit of the laser channel baffle plate 23 at the non-sampling stage, the cells are prevented from being continuously irradiated by the laser, and the activity of the cells is protected.
In one embodiment, the damping sheet control module 15 includes a damping sheet wheel driving motor 150 for driving the damping sheet wheel 22 to rotate, a damping sheet wheel control chip 151 for controlling the damping sheet wheel driving motor 150, and a hall sensor 152 for detecting the position information of the damping sheet wheel 22 and feeding the position information back to the damping sheet wheel control chip 151. The attenuation sheet control module 15 can adjust the passing rate of the laser and prevent the cell from being burnt out due to the overlarge intensity of the incident laser. If a single attenuator is used, the incident laser power may be insufficient, resulting in a detection signal with too low intensity. Therefore, the attenuation sheet wheel 22 controlled by an electric motor is added, so that the attenuation sheets with different attenuation degrees can be replaced by an operator in real time. The control unit of the attenuation sheet wheel 22 plays a role in protecting cells and ensuring sufficient detection signal intensity. In a preferred embodiment, 6 different attenuation discs are arranged on the attenuation disc wheel 22.
In one embodiment, the transflective sheet control module 16 includes a transflective sheet driving motor 160 for driving the transflective sheet 26 to move to switch between an entrance and an exit of the optical path, a transflective sheet control chip 161 for controlling the transflective sheet driving motor 160, and a transflective sheet optical coupler 162 for detecting position information of the transflective sheet 26 and feeding the position information back to the transflective sheet control chip 161. The detection path can be switched between the CCD camera 33 and the white light camera 29 by controlling the half mirror 26 to enter and exit the optical path by the half mirror control module 16. When the half-transmitting and half-reflecting sheet 26 moves into the optical path, the detected signal enters the white light camera 29, and the cell shape and the real-time position of the detected cell can be observed, so as to observe whether the detected cell is in the detection range. When the half-transmitting and half-reflecting plate 26 moves out of the optical path, the detection signal of the detected cell enters the CCD camera 33 to perform Raman signal intensity detection.
In one embodiment, the confocal pinhole control module 18 includes a confocal pinhole driving motor 180 for driving the confocal pinhole 32 to open and close to adjust the size, a confocal pinhole control chip 181 for controlling the confocal pinhole driving motor 180, and an encoder 182 for detecting the rotation information of the confocal pinhole driving motor 180 and feeding the rotation information back to the confocal pinhole control chip 181. The confocal pinhole control module 18 adjusts the size of the pinhole according to the detected signal strength and the desired spatial resolution. When the signal intensity of the sample 34 is high and the confocal pinhole is conjugated with the detected point, the confocal effect can be achieved, so that stray signals outside the detected point are shielded, the influence of the stray light on the detected signal is reduced, the imaging spatial resolution of the detected sample 34 is improved, and the interference of substances outside the spatial position of the detected point on the detection result is eliminated. Under the condition of weak signal intensity, the diameter of the small hole needs to be enlarged to ensure the intensity of the detected signal. The control range of the small hole is 10um-1000um, and the control precision is +/-1 um.
In one embodiment, the shutter control module 19 includes a shutter driving motor 190 for driving the shutter 31 to move, a shutter control chip 191 for controlling the shutter driving motor 190, and a shutter photo-coupler sensor 192 for detecting position information of the shutter 31 and feeding back the position information to the shutter control chip 191. The shutter control module 19 can close or open the path of the detection signal into the CCD camera 33, and the shutter 31 is opened and closed in synchronization with the sampling time of the CCD camera 33. The shutter 31 is closed when the CCD camera 33 processes the sampling signal, so as to prevent the CCD camera 33 from being still in an exposure state during data transmission and reading, and to introduce noise signal interference. The shutter 31 is opened at the time of CCD sampling so that a sampling signal can enter the CCD camera 33.
In one embodiment, 128-segment motor driving chips are adopted in the motors (the baffle driving motor 140, the attenuation sheet wheel driving motor 150, the transflective sheet driving motor 160, the confocal small hole driving motor 180 and the shutter driving motor 190) in the control module, and the control precision can be effectively improved by high-segment motor control signals. The motor driving chip is isolated from the master control module 13 through a control chip, so that the isolation of a control signal and a driving signal can be ensured, the control part is protected, the reliability of the system is ensured, and the interference of the driving signal to the control part is eliminated. Meanwhile, the control part can be ensured to work stably under various environments.
In one embodiment, the motors in the control module are all stepping motors, and the stepping motors have the advantage of high control precision.
In one embodiment, the temperature control module includes a peltier 170, a temperature control chip 171 for controlling the peltier 170, and a temperature sensor 172 for detecting the temperature of the raman optical device and feeding back the detection result to the temperature control chip 171.
The temperature control chip 171 adopts a PID control method to realize closed-loop control of the peltier 170, and the PID control method includes the following steps:
1) the nth measurement value of the temperature sensor 172 is recorded as XnThe set temperature control target value is SVCalculating an error E between the temperature control target value and the nth measurement value of the temperature sensor 172n，
En＝SV-Xn；
2) The output of the nth time PID control is calculated according to the following formula:
Pout＝Kp×En+out1
Iout＝Ki×Sn+out2；
Dout＝Kd×Dn+out3
Sn＝E1+E2+E3+…+En-1+En，Dn＝En-En-1；
wherein, Kp、Ki、KdAll the parameters are optimized parameter values obtained in advance through testing and are constants; out1、out2、out3Is sequentially Pout、Iout、DoutThe initial set value of (a);
the output of the nth PID control is:
PIDout＝Pout+Iout+Dout＝Kp×En+Ki×Sn+Kd×Dn+out1+out2+out3；
3) controlling the output PID obtained in the step 2)outThe peltier 170 is driven as a duty cycle of the PWM.
The closed-loop control method can control the temperature range of the closed system of the invention to be 0-100 ℃, the control precision to be +/-0.1 ℃, and the temperature parameters can be set by the upper computer 10. The constant temperature greatly reduces the tiny deformation of metal caused by temperature change, further reduces the occurrence of light path deflection, and improves the stability and reliability of a light path system.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment, the power module 11 includes a power supply and a plurality of power conversion modules connected to the power supply and configured to convert the power supply into dc power outputs with different voltage magnitudes, and specifically includes a first power conversion module, a second power conversion module, and a third power conversion module. Referring to fig. 2, the first power conversion module converts 220V ac power input by a power grid into 24V DC power, the second power conversion module 2 converts the 24V DC power into 5V through a DC-DC power conversion circuit composed of RT2805 chips, and the 5V power is converted into 3.3V through a third power conversion module composed of RT6224 chips. Wherein the control module of the laser channel baffle 23 needs 24V, 5V and 3.3V to supply power simultaneously; the attenuation sheet control module 15 needs to supply power at 24V, 5V and 3.3V simultaneously; the semi-transmitting and semi-reflecting sheet control module 16 needs 24V, 5V and 3.3V to supply power simultaneously; the confocal pinhole control module 18 needs 24V, 5V and 3.3V to supply power simultaneously; the shutter control module 19 needs 24V and 3.3V to supply power simultaneously; the general control module 13 needs 3.3V power supply.
Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the raman optical device includes a laser 20, a white light source 21, an attenuation plate wheel 22, a baffle 23, a first reflector 24, a second reflector 25, a transflective sheet 26, a side band filter 27, a microscope objective 28, a white light camera 29, a third reflector 30, a shutter 31, a confocal aperture 32 and a CCD camera 33, wherein a plurality of attenuation plates are disposed on the attenuation plate wheel 22, and the baffle 23 is located on an optical path between the attenuation plate wheel 22 and the first reflector 24;
the method for controlling the Raman optical equipment by the Raman optical equipment automatic control system comprises the following steps:
s1, white light imaging, positioning:
the transflective sheet control module 16 controls to enable the transflective sheet 26 to switch into a light path, the white light source 21 is turned on, white light irradiates on the sample 34, reflected light of the sample 34 passes through the microscope objective 28 and then is reflected to the white light camera 29 by the transflective sheet 26, the upper computer 10 acquires a sample 34 image acquired by the white light camera 29 and adjusts the position of the sample 34 according to the sample 34 image, so that the region to be measured in the sample 34 moves to the middle of the field of view of the microscope objective 28;
s2, Raman imaging:
the semi-transparent and semi-reflective sheet control module 16 controls the semi-transparent and semi-reflective sheet 26 to move out of the optical path, the laser 20 is opened, the attenuation sheet control module 15 controls the attenuation sheet wheel 22 to rotate so that the required attenuation sheet is switched to enter the optical path, the shutter control module 19 controls the shutter 31 to be opened, and after the laser 20 is stabilized, the laser baffle control module 14 controls the baffle 23 to be opened;
the laser emitted by the laser 20 is attenuated by the attenuator, then enters the first reflector 24 through the baffle 23, is reflected by the first reflector 24 and the second reflector 25 in sequence, then reaches the sideband optical filter 27, is reflected by the sideband optical filter 27, and irradiates a sample 34 through the microscope objective 28;
raman light emitted by a sample 34 is collected by a microscope objective lens 28 and then transmits a side-band light filter 27, then is reflected by a third reflector 30, and then reaches a CCD camera 33 after passing through a shutter 31 and a confocal pinhole 32, and the CCD camera 33 establishes a Raman spectrogram according to collected signals; the confocal pinhole control module 18 controls the opening and closing size of the confocal pinhole, and during the signal processing period after the CCD camera 33 completes one sampling, the shutter control module 19 controls the shutter 31 to close, cuts off the signal path entering the CCD camera 33, and opens the shutter 31 again when the CCD camera 33 performs the next signal acquisition.
Example 2
The control system of the present invention in this example will be described in detail with reference to an example in which a raman optical device detects raman peak intensity of a raman carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bond in a living cell.
The control method of the control system of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, setting the temperature parameter to be 25 ℃ and the attenuation sheet parameter to be OD 0.5 by the user through the upper computer 10, and issuing the parameters to the master control chip through RS 232; the master control module 13 analyzes data sent by the upper computer 10 according to a communication protocol, and sends specific control instructions to the control modules through the scheduling of the CAN bus. And after receiving the temperature parameters sent by the main control chip, the temperature control module controls the Peltier 170 to realize temperature regulation. The temperature sensor 172 transmits the real-time temperature to the temperature control chip, the temperature control chip uses a PID algorithm to carry out closed-loop control on the temperature, the control temperature is within +/-0.1 ℃ of a parameter value, the constancy of the whole temperature can be achieved, and the influence of the temperature on detection is reduced.
S2, white light imaging is carried out, and the in and out positioning of the cells to be detected is carried out:
the transflective sheet control module 16 controls to enable the transflective sheet 26 to switch into a light path, the white light source 21 is turned on, the white light irradiates on the sample 34, the reflected light of the sample 34 passes through the microscope objective 28 and then is reflected to the white light camera 29 by the transflective sheet 26, the upper computer 10 acquires the sample 34 image collected by the white light camera 29 and adjusts the position of the sample 34 according to the sample 34 image, so that the cell to be detected in the sample 34 moves to the middle of the field of view of the microscope objective 28, and the laser can accurately irradiate the target cell to enable the detected signal to reach the maximum value;
s3, Raman imaging:
the semi-transparent and semi-reflective sheet control module 16 controls the semi-transparent and semi-reflective sheet 26 to move out of the optical path, the laser 20 is opened, the attenuation sheet control module 15 controls the attenuation sheet wheel 22 to rotate so that the required attenuation sheet is switched to enter the optical path, the shutter control module 19 controls the shutter 31 to be opened, and after the laser 20 is stabilized, the laser baffle control module 14 controls the baffle 23 to be opened;
the laser emitted by the laser 20 is attenuated by the attenuator, then enters the first reflector 24 through the baffle 23, is reflected by the first reflector 24 and the second reflector 25 in sequence, then reaches the sideband optical filter 27, is reflected by the sideband optical filter 27, and irradiates cells after passing through the microscope objective 28;
raman light generated by cells excited by laser is collected by the microscope objective lens 28 and then transmits the sideband optical filter 27, then is reflected by the third reflector 30, and then reaches the CCD camera 33 after passing through the shutter 31 and the confocal pinhole 32, and the CCD camera 33 establishes a Raman spectrogram according to collected signals. When the detected cell has large background interference and the detection spatial resolution needs to be improved, the size of the confocal small hole is adjusted to be conjugated with the light spot of the excitation point of the detected cell. The confocal aperture control chip 181 adjusts the size of the aperture through the confocal aperture driving motor 180, and performs closed-loop control according to the feedback data of the encoder 182, thereby ensuring that the diameter control precision of the aperture is +/-1 um.
When the CCD camera 33 processes signals, the shutter control module 19 controls the shutter 31 to close, and cuts off the signal path entering the CCD camera 33, so as to ensure that no new optical signal enters the CCD camera 33 when the CCD camera 33 processes a complete signal data, and prevent the new optical signal from interfering with the detection result. The shutter 31 is opened again when the CCD camera 33 performs the next signal acquisition again.
In the process of detecting the sample 34, in order to avoid burning out the sample 34 due to overlarge laser intensity, the laser intensity is controlled by the attenuation sheet control module 15. The attenuation sheet control module 15 starts to control after receiving the instruction sent by the main control module; the attenuation sheet wheel control chip 151 drives the motor 150 to rotate the attenuation sheet wheel 22 through the attenuation sheet wheel, and performs position feedback through the hall sensor 152 to ensure that the attenuation sheet rotates to a target position. The motion error of the attenuation sheet is controlled to be +/-0.1 mm. After the attenuation sheet rotates to the correct position, the main control module sends a control instruction to the control module of the laser channel baffle plate 23, the baffle plate 23 is opened, the light path is opened, and laser can enter the detection light path to realize excitation of the sample 34.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in all kinds of fields of application of the invention, and further modifications may readily be effected by those skilled in the art, so that the invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. An automated raman optical device control system, comprising: the device comprises an upper computer, a power supply module, a master control module, an acousto-optic alarm module, a laser baffle control module, an attenuation sheet control module, a semi-transparent semi-reflective sheet control module, a temperature control module, a confocal small hole control module and a shutter control module;
the master control module is in communication connection with the upper computer, and the sound-light alarm module, the laser baffle control module, the attenuation sheet control module, the semi-transparent semi-reflective sheet control module, the temperature control module, the confocal small hole control module and the shutter control module are all connected with the master control module;
the laser baffle control module is used for carrying out closed-loop control on the position of the baffle so as to realize the control of the on-off of the laser in the Raman optical equipment;
the attenuation sheet control module is used for carrying out closed-loop control on the position of an attenuation sheet wheel in the Raman optical equipment so as to switch different attenuation sheets on the attenuation sheet wheel into a light path;
the semi-transmitting and semi-reflecting sheet control module is used for carrying out closed-loop control on a semi-transmitting and semi-reflecting sheet switching light inlet and outlet path in the Raman optical equipment;
the temperature control module is used for carrying out closed-loop control on the temperature of the whole Raman optical equipment;
the confocal small hole control module is used for carrying out closed-loop control on the opening and closing size of a confocal small hole in the Raman optical equipment;
the shutter control module is used for carrying out closed-loop control on the position of a shutter in the Raman optical equipment so as to control the passage of a detection signal in the Raman optical equipment into the CCD camera to be opened or closed.
2. The automated raman optical device control system according to claim 1, wherein the laser barrier control module comprises a barrier driving motor for driving the barrier to move, a barrier control chip for controlling the barrier driving motor, and a barrier optical coupling sensor for detecting position information of the barrier and feeding back the position information to the barrier control chip.
3. The automated raman optical device control system according to claim 2, wherein the attenuation sheet control module comprises an attenuation sheet wheel driving motor for driving the attenuation sheet wheel to rotate, an attenuation sheet wheel control chip for controlling the attenuation sheet wheel driving motor, and a hall sensor for detecting position information of the attenuation sheet wheel and feeding back the position information to the attenuation sheet wheel control chip.
4. The automated control system for raman optical device according to claim 3, wherein said transflective sheet control module comprises a transflective sheet driving motor for driving said transflective sheet to move to switch in and out of an optical path, a transflective sheet control chip for controlling said transflective sheet driving motor, and a transflective sheet optical coupling sensor for detecting position information of said transflective sheet and feeding back the position information to said transflective sheet control chip.
5. The automated control system according to claim 4, wherein the confocal pinhole control module comprises a confocal pinhole driving motor for driving the confocal pinhole to open and close to adjust the size, a confocal pinhole control chip for controlling the confocal pinhole driving motor, and an encoder for detecting the rotation information of the confocal pinhole driving motor and feeding the rotation information back to the confocal pinhole control chip.
6. The automated control system for Raman optical devices of claim 5, wherein said shutter control module comprises a shutter driving motor for driving said shutter to move, a shutter control chip for controlling said shutter driving motor, and a shutter optical coupling sensor for detecting the position information of said shutter and feeding back to said shutter control chip.
7. The automated raman optical device control system according to claim 6, wherein said temperature control module comprises a peltier, a temperature control chip for controlling said peltier, and a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of said raman optical device and feeding back a detection result to said temperature control chip.
8. The automated raman optical device control system according to claim 7, wherein said temperature control chip implements closed-loop control of said peltier by a PID control method comprising the steps of:
1) recording the nth measured value of the temperature sensor as XnThe set temperature control target value is SVCalculating an error E between the temperature control target value and the nth measurement value of the temperature sensorn，En＝SV-Xn；
2) The output of the nth time PID control is calculated according to the following formula:
Pout＝Kp×En+out1
Iout＝Ki×Sn+out2；
Dout＝Kd×Dn+out3
Sn＝E1+E2+E3+L+En-1+En，Dn＝En-En-1；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
all the parameters are optimized parameter values obtained in advance through testing and are constants; out1、out2、out3Is sequentially Pout、Iout、DoutThe initial set value of (a);
the output of the nth PID control is:
PIDout＝Pout+Iout+Dout＝Kp×En+Ki×Sn+Kd×Dn+out1+out2+out3；
3) controlling the output PID obtained in the step 2)outThe peltier is driven as a duty cycle of the PWM.
9. The automated raman optical device control system according to claim 7, wherein said power module comprises a power source and a plurality of power conversion modules connected to said power source for converting the power source to dc power outputs of different voltage levels.
10. The automated raman optical device control system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein said raman optical device comprises a laser, a white light source, said attenuation disc wheel, said baffle, a first mirror, a second mirror, said transflective film, a side band filter, a microscope objective, a white light camera, a third mirror, said shutter, said confocal aperture and said CCD camera, wherein said attenuation disc wheel is provided with a plurality of attenuation discs, and said baffle is located on the light path between said attenuation disc wheel and said first mirror;
the method for controlling the Raman optical equipment by the automatic control system of the Raman optical equipment comprises the following steps:
s1, white light imaging, positioning:
the semi-transparent semi-reflecting plate control module controls the semi-transparent semi-reflecting plate to be switched into a light path, a white light source is turned on, white light irradiates a sample, reflected light of the sample passes through the microscope and is reflected to the white light camera by the semi-transparent semi-reflecting plate, the upper computer obtains a sample image collected by the white light camera and adjusts the position of the sample according to the sample image, and a region to be measured in the sample moves to the middle of the field of view of the microscope objective;
s2, Raman imaging:
the semi-transparent semi-reflective sheet control module controls the semi-transparent semi-reflective sheet to move out of the optical path, the laser is started, the attenuation sheet control module controls the attenuation sheet wheel to rotate so that the required attenuation sheet is switched to enter the optical path, the shutter control module controls the shutter to be opened, and after the laser is stabilized, the laser baffle control module controls the baffle to be opened;
laser emitted by the laser is attenuated by an attenuation sheet, then enters the first reflector through the baffle, is reflected by the first reflector and the second reflector in sequence, then reaches the side band filter, is reflected by the side band filter, and irradiates a sample after passing through the microscope objective;
raman light emitted by a sample is collected by the microscope objective, then transmits the sideband optical filter, is reflected by the third reflector, then reaches the CCD camera through the shutter and the confocal small hole, and the CCD camera establishes a Raman spectrogram according to the collected signal; the confocal pinhole control module controls the opening and closing size of the confocal pinhole, the shutter control module controls the shutter to close during the signal processing period after the CCD camera completes one-time sampling, the signal path entering the CCD camera is cut off, and the shutter is opened when the CCD camera performs the next signal acquisition.
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