CN113447571A - Ultrasonic detection scanning device and detection method for end part of shaft forging - Google Patents
Ultrasonic detection scanning device and detection method for end part of shaft forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN113447571A CN113447571A CN202110870127.9A CN202110870127A CN113447571A CN 113447571 A CN113447571 A CN 113447571A CN 202110870127 A CN202110870127 A CN 202110870127A CN 113447571 A CN113447571 A CN 113447571A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/225—Supports, positioning or alignment in moving situation
- G01N29/226—Handheld or portable devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
- G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/28—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details providing acoustic coupling, e.g. water
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
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Abstract
The invention provides an ultrasonic detection scanning device and a detection method for the end part of a shaft forging, wherein the scanning device comprises a supporting leg, a base, a supporting arm and a probe clamping device, wherein the base is formed by assembling a base bearing platform, a positioning clamp plate, a power supply module, a servo motor and a coupling agent storage bin from bottom to top; three sets of the supporting legs are arranged in one plane; the support arm is composed of support rods with different lengths, can be folded and slid, and is inserted into the reserved hole in the upper part of the base; the probe adding and supporting device is installed at the front end of the supporting arm, and the ultrasonic probe is installed on the probe adding and supporting device. During detection, the ultrasonic probe is in contact with the end face of the shaft forging to be detected, the diaphragm pump is started to pump the coupling agent, the support arm drives the probe clamping device to do uniform-speed circular motion, the ultrasonic probe acquires detection data, the encoder acquires probe position information, and the ultrasonic detector synchronously records all detection data. The invention has the advantages of compact structure, convenient carrying, good data repeatability and high detection precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel ultrasonic detection scanning device and a detection method, and belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic detection.
Background
The shaft forgings are usually formed by various manufacturing processes such as casting, forging, heat treatment and the like, the defects such as shrinkage cavities, shrinkage porosity, slag inclusions, cracks, folding, white spots and the like are easy to occur in the manufacturing process, and the existing national and industry related standards clearly require that the shaft forgings are subjected to ultrasonic detection for quality acceptance. When the shaft forging is subjected to ultrasonic detection by the standard regulation, scanning in multiple directions needs to be carried out on the end face and the shaft body, and the shaft forging is usually large in size, the shaft body is provided with various structures such as grooves, bosses and chamfers, and the shaft body is inconvenient to carry out ultrasonic detection, so that the mode of carrying out ultrasonic detection on the end part of the shaft forging becomes the first choice, and better detection precision and quality can be obtained.
At present, the ultrasonic detection of shaft forgings usually adopts manual scanning: before detection, a grid line or a concentric circle is drawn at the end part of the forging in advance, and after the couplant is brushed or sprayed, ultrasonic scanning is carried out along the line by holding the ultrasonic probe. The following problems are common to manual scanning: the handheld probe cannot ensure the uniform pressure of the probe, so that the detection sensitivity change range in the scanning process is large; the influence of a manual operation mode is large, and the repeatability of a detection result is not good; the motion track is irregular, and scanning along the marking line is difficult to guarantee; the detection speed is slow, and the efficiency is low; the probe position is not recorded, and the detection data cannot form a corresponding relation with the detection part.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art, provides a scanning device and a detection method for ultrasonic detection of the end part of a shaft forging, solves the problems in manual ultrasonic detection, and realizes automatic ultrasonic scanning of the end part of the shaft forging.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an ultrasonic detection scanning device for the end part of a shaft forging, which comprises supporting legs, a base, supporting arms and a probe clamping device, wherein the base is formed by assembling a base bearing platform, a positioning clamp plate, a power supply module, a servo motor and a coupling agent storage bin from bottom to top; the supporting arm is composed of supporting rods with different lengths, each joint is flexible and adjustable, the folding and sliding functions can be realized, the supporting arm is inserted into a reserved hole in the upper part of the base and can rotate synchronously with a rotating part in the upper part of the base, and the base drives the supporting arm to do circular motion and pump a coupling agent required by scanning for the ultrasonic probe; the probe adding and supporting device is installed at the front end of the supporting arm, and the ultrasonic probe is installed on the probe adding and supporting device.
The supporting leg comprises a cylindrical supporting rod and a switch type magnetic force seat, an oval sliding groove is formed in one end of the supporting rod, a positioning pin penetrates through the sliding groove to be fixed on a positioning clamping plate, and the supporting leg is connected with the base through the positioning clamping plate; the other end of the supporting rod is inserted into a cavity in the middle of the switch type magnetic base and is fixed through a first knurled flat-head screw at the top of the supporting rod; the switch type magnetic base is provided with a knob switch for controlling the application and the release of the magnetic force.
The power module is cylindrical, three vertical grooves with semicircular sections are arranged on the side surface of the cylinder in an equal radian manner, and the size of each groove is matched with that of the support rod and used for fixing the support leg for storage; the power module side sets up the rectangle electric quantity display screen, and electric quantity display screen one side sets up cylindrical mouth that charges, power module upper portion sets up two column electrodes, for the power supply of upper portion servo motor.
The servo motor is cylindrical in shape and is positioned at the upper part of the power supply module, three vertical grooves with semicircular sections are arranged on the side surface of the cylinder in an equal radian manner, and the size of each vertical groove is matched with that of the support rod and used for fixing the support legs for storage; a cylindrical switch button is arranged on the side surface of the servo motor to control the start and stop of the servo motor; and the upper part of the servo motor is provided with a cylindrical transmission shaft for fixing the upper couplant storage bin and driving the couplant storage bin to rotate.
The couplant storage bin is positioned at the uppermost part of the base, is cylindrical in appearance, is internally provided with a couplant storage cavity, a micro diaphragm pump and a storage battery, is controlled to start and stop by a toggle switch arranged on the side surface of the couplant storage bin, and pumps the couplant for the ultrasonic probe during working; the upper part of the couplant storage bin is provided with a couplant filling opening spiral cover and a couplant pumping opening, the couplant pumping opening is connected with a couplant conveying hose, and when the diaphragm pump is started, the couplant in an inner cavity is sprayed to the position of the ultrasonic probe through the couplant conveying hose; the upper part of the couplant storage bin is provided with a cylindrical supporting arm hole.
The support arm comprises an upright post support rod, a support arm short section, a long support rod, a spring support rod, a knurled flat-head screw II, a sliding block I, a sliding block II and a coupling agent conveying hose arranged along the support arm, the upright post support rod, the support arm short section and the long support rod are sequentially connected and fixed by the knurled flat-head screw II, and the tightness of each joint can be controlled by rotating the knurled flat-head screw II; the upright post supporting rod is inserted into an upper supporting arm hole of the coupling agent storage bin and connected with the base; the front end of the long support rod is provided with a rectangular sliding block II, the upper part of the sliding block II is provided with a knurled flat-head screw II for fixing the position of the sliding block II on the long support rod, the position of the sliding block II on the long support rod is adjusted, so that the ultrasonic probe can obtain different scanning radiuses, two sides of the sliding block are provided with rotating shafts, the other end of each rotating shaft is connected with the sliding block I, and the two sliding blocks have the same structure and can rotate freely along the rotating shafts; the middle cavity of the first sliding block is inserted with the spring support rod, the knurled flat-head screw II at the upper part of the first sliding block is used for fixing the position of the spring support rod in the cavity of the first sliding block, and the ultrasonic probe can obtain different pressures by adjusting the position of the spring support rod in the first sliding block; the front end of the spring support rod is provided with a cylindrical cavity, a compression spring is arranged in the cavity, the short support rod is inserted into the cavity at the front end of the spring support rod and is connected with the compression spring, and the compression spring transmits pressure to the probe clamping device through the short support rod.
The probe clamping device consists of a rubber roller, an encoder, a signal wire, a short supporting rod, a probe bracket, a knurled flat-head screw III, a square rubber cushion block and a coupling agent spraying pipeline, wherein the rubber roller, the encoder and the signal wire jointly form a position sensor which is positioned on one side of the probe bracket, the position sensor is connected with the probe bracket through a rotating shaft and is longitudinally arranged along the same axis, and the probe bracket can rotate along the rotating shaft; the probe clamping device drives the rubber roller to rotate when moving, the encoder converts the rotation data of the rubber roller into distance data of the probe movement, and the distance data is transmitted to the ultrasonic detector through a signal line.
The probe bracket is integrally U-shaped, the upper part of the probe bracket is provided with a couplant spraying pipeline, the spraying pipeline is made of a hard plastic pipeline, the couplant enters from the middle tee joint and flows to the spraying ports on the two sides, and the couplant is provided for the ultrasonic probe when the ultrasonic probe bracket works; the two sides of the front end of the probe support are respectively provided with a set of knurled flat-head screw III and a set of square rubber cushion block, the square rubber cushion block is arranged at the front end of the knurled flat-head screw III, and the horizontal distance between the two square rubber cushion blocks is controlled by rotating the knurled flat-head screw III so as to be used for holding ultrasonic probes with different overall dimensions.
The invention also provides a detection method for detecting the end part of the shaft forging by using the ultrasonic detection scanning device, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: sequentially drawing three sets of supporting legs, respectively aligning one end of each supporting rod to the middle cavity of the corresponding base bearing platform, and slowly pushing and fixing the supporting rods firmly;
step 2: according to the diameter of the shaft forging to be detected and the condition of the existence or nonexistence of a central hole structure, the positions of the switch type magnetic force seats on the support rods are sequentially adjusted, the switch type magnetic force seats can be in good contact with the end face of the shaft forging to be detected, a first knurled flat-head screw is screwed, and the switch type magnetic force seats are fixed;
and step 3: the base is held by hand, the center of a base bearing platform is aligned with the center of the end part of the shaft forging to be detected, and a knob switch is sequentially rotated to enable a switch type magnetic base to generate magnetic force, so that the scanning device is firmly adsorbed on the end part of the shaft forging to be detected;
and 4, step 4: adjusting the rotation angle of the support arm short section to ensure that the support arm short section is vertical to the upright post supporting rod, screwing a second knurled flat-head screw of the joint at the position, and fixing the relative positions of the two support arms;
and 5: adjusting the rotation angle of the long supporting rod to enable the long supporting rod and the support arm short joint to be on the same central line, screwing a second knurled flat-head screw of the joint at the central line, and fixing the relative positions of the two support arms;
step 6: adjusting the position of the second sliding block on the long supporting rod to enable the rotating radius of the probe clamping device to meet the design requirement of the detection process, screwing the second knurled flat-head screw and fixing the position of the second sliding block;
and 7: placing the ultrasonic probe in the centers of the two square rubber cushion blocks, rotating the knurled flat-head screws III on the two sides, and fixing the ultrasonic probe;
and 8: rotating the first sliding block to enable the spring support rod to be perpendicular to the long support rod, pushing and pulling the spring support rod to enable the lower surface of the ultrasonic probe to be perfectly attached to the end face of the shaft forging to be detected, screwing the second knurled flat-head screw, and fixing the position of the spring support rod;
and step 9: fixing an ultrasonic probe in a probe bracket of a scanning device, wherein the ultrasonic probe is in contact with the end face of the shaft forging to be detected, three sets of supporting legs firmly adsorb the scanning device on the end face of the shaft forging to be detected through a switch type magnetic base, and an ultrasonic probe signal line and an encoder signal line are connected with an ultrasonic detector;
step 10: turning on a toggle switch to start a micro diaphragm pump to pump the coupling agent, and spraying the coupling agent to the position of the ultrasonic probe; pressing a switch button, enabling the couplant storage bin to rotate at a constant speed, driving the probe clamping device to do circular motion at a constant speed through the support arm, acquiring detection data by the ultrasonic probe, acquiring probe position information by the encoder, and synchronously recording all detection data by the ultrasonic detector;
step 11: after the detection is finished, taking down the scanner, and repeating the steps to continuously detect the detected workpiece;
step 12: and after the scanning device is completely detected, the corresponding knurled flat-head screws II in the support arm are loosened, the corresponding support rod is folded, the support leg is pulled, the support rod is separated from the cylindrical cavity in the middle of the bearing platform of the base, the support leg is rotated in the axial direction by using the positioning pin, the support rod is correspondingly placed in the groove in the side surface of the base, and the scanning device is folded, retracted and completed.
Has the advantages that: the ultrasonic detection device is compact in structure, convenient to store and carry, suitable for ultrasonic detection of shaft finished parts in a manufacturing plant and on-site in-service shaft forgings, and capable of meeting the detection operation requirements of high-altitude operation and narrow space; the ultrasonic probe end scanning device is suitable for ultrasonic detection of the ends of shaft forgings with different diameters, is also suitable for scanning the ends of the ultrasonic probes for the shaft forgings with various specifications and sizes, and has good process applicability. The probe can move at a constant speed, the track is a regular circle, the data repeatability is good, the detection precision is high, the full record of the ultrasonic detection data of the shaft forging is realized, and the detection data corresponds to the detection position. The pressure applied on the probe is uniform and appropriate, and the adjustable probe clamping mechanism is matched, so that the accuracy and controllability of the posture and the initial position of the probe are ensured, and the detection precision is improved. The scanning device is matched with the ultrasonic probe to be used, so that ultrasonic detection can be implemented at the end part of the shaft forging, and nondestructive inspection of the whole shaft forging can be quickly and efficiently realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the base and legs of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a support arm according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a probe clamping device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the in situ test of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the folding and unfolding of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a support leg; 2. a base; 3. a support arm; 4. a probe clamping device; 11. a strut; 12. a switch type magnetic base; 111. a chute; 112. positioning pins; 121. a knurled flat-head screw I; 122. a knob switch; 211. a base platform; 212. positioning the clamping plate; 22. a power supply module; 221. a charging port; 222. an electric quantity display screen; 223. a columnar electrode; 23. a servo motor; 231. a switch button; 232. a drive shaft; 24. a couplant storage bin; 241. a toggle switch; 242. screwing a coupling agent filling port; 243. an arm supporting hole; 244. a couplant pumping port; 311. a column support rod; 312. a support arm short section; 313. a long strut; 314. a spring strut; 321. a second knurled flat-head screw; 331. a first sliding block; 332. a second sliding block; 34. a couplant delivery hose; 41. a rubber roller; 42. an encoder; 43. a signal line; 44. a short strut; 45. a probe holder; 46. a knurled flat-head screw III; 47. a square rubber cushion block; 48. a couplant spray pipe; A. a patent scanning device; B. an ultrasonic probe; C. and (5) detecting the shaft forgings.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the invention provides an ultrasonic detection scanning device for the end of a shaft forging, which comprises a supporting leg 1, a base 2, a supporting arm 3 and a probe clamping device 4, wherein the base 2 is formed by assembling a base bearing platform 211, a positioning clamp plate 212, a power module 22, a servo motor 23 and a coupling agent storage bin 24 from bottom to top, the base bearing platform 211 and the positioning clamp plate 212 are welded at the lower part of the power module 22, the base bearing platform 211 is a 120-degree cuboid tee, the three pairs of positioning clamp plates 212 are respectively arranged right in front of each branch of the cuboid tee, a cylindrical cavity is processed in the middle of each branch of the cuboid tee, the size of the cavity is matched with that of a supporting rod 11, and the supporting rod 11 can be inserted into the cavity to fix the supporting leg 1; three sets of the supporting legs 1 are arranged in one plane, the included angles of two adjacent supporting legs 1 are 120 degrees, and the supporting legs are combined with a positioning clamping plate 212 at the lower part of the base 2 through positioning pins 112; the support arm 3 is composed of support rods with different lengths, each joint is flexible and adjustable, the folding and sliding functions can be realized, and the support is provided for the probe clamping device 4; the support arm 3 is inserted into a reserved hole in the upper part of the base 2 and can synchronously rotate with a rotating component in the upper part of the base 2, and the base 2 drives the support arm 3 to do circular motion and pump a coupling agent required by scanning for the ultrasonic probe; the probe clamping device 4 is arranged at the front end of the support arm 3 and used for fixing the ultrasonic probe and recording the position of the probe, and the ultrasonic probe is arranged on the probe clamping device 4.
The supporting leg 1 comprises a cylindrical supporting rod 11 and a switch type magnetic base 12, the switch type magnetic base 12 is of a cuboid structure, a cylindrical cavity is formed in the middle of the switch type magnetic base, the size of the cavity is matched with that of the supporting rod 11, and a knurled flat-head screw I121 is arranged at the upper part of the switch type magnetic base; one end of the supporting rod 11 is provided with an oval sliding groove 111, a positioning pin 112 penetrates through the sliding groove 111 to be fixed on a positioning clamping plate 212, and the supporting leg 1 is connected with the base 2 through the positioning clamping plate 212; the other end of the supporting rod 11 is inserted into a cavity in the middle of the switch type magnetic base 12 and is fixed through a first knurled flat-head screw 121 on the top of the supporting rod; the switch type magnetic base 12 is provided with a knob switch 122 for controlling the application and release of the magnetic force, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing and dismounting the scanning device.
The power module 22 is cylindrical, three vertical grooves with semicircular sections are arranged on the side surface of the cylinder in an equal radian manner, the size of each vertical groove is matched with that of the support rod 11, and the vertical grooves are used for fixing the support legs 1 when the scanning device is stored; the side surface of the power module 22 is provided with a rectangular electric quantity display screen 222 for displaying the electric quantity of the power supply in real time, one side of the electric quantity display screen 222 is provided with a cylindrical charging port 221 which is connected with an external power supply and used for charging the power module, and the upper part of the power module 22 is provided with two columnar electrodes 223 for supplying power to the upper servo motor 23.
The servo motor 23 is cylindrical in shape and is positioned at the upper part of the power supply module 22, three vertical grooves with semicircular sections are arranged on the side surface of the cylinder at equal radian, the size of each vertical groove is matched with that of the support rod 11, and the vertical grooves are used for fixing the support legs 1 when the scanning device is stored; a cylindrical switch button 231 is arranged on the side surface of the servo motor to control the start and stop of the servo motor 23; the upper part of the servo motor 23 is provided with a cylindrical transmission shaft 232 which is used for fixing the upper couplant storage bin 24 and driving the couplant storage bin 24 to rotate.
The couplant storage bin 24 is positioned at the uppermost part of the base 2, is cylindrical in appearance, is internally provided with a couplant storage cavity, a micro diaphragm pump and a storage battery, is controlled to start and stop by a toggle switch 241 arranged on the side surface of the couplant storage bin, and pumps the couplant for the ultrasonic probe during working; a couplant filling opening screw cap 242 and a couplant pumping opening 244 are arranged at the upper part of the couplant storage bin 24, the couplant pumping opening 244 is connected with the couplant conveying hose 34, and when the diaphragm pump is started, the couplant in the inner cavity is sprayed to the position of the ultrasonic probe through the couplant conveying hose 34; the upper part of the couplant storage bin 24 is provided with a cylindrical support arm hole 243, the size of the support arm hole 243 is matched with that of the upright post support rod 311, and the upright post support rod 311 is inserted into the support arm hole 243 to connect the support arm with the base.
The support arm 3 is composed of multi-specification support rods and comprises an upright support rod 311, a support arm short section 312, a long support rod 313, a spring support rod 314, a knurled flat head screw II 321, a slide block I331, a slide block II 332 and a coupling agent conveying hose 34 arranged along the support arm, wherein the upright support rod 311, the support arm short section 312 and the long support rod 313 are sequentially connected and fixed by the knurled flat head screw II 321, and the tightness of each joint can be controlled by rotating the knurled flat head screw II 321; the upright post support rod 311 is inserted into an upper support arm hole 243 of the couplant storage bin and connected with the base 2; the front end of the long support rod 313 is provided with a rectangular sliding block II 332, the upper part of the sliding block II 332 is provided with a knurled flat-head screw II 321 for fixing the position of the sliding block II 332 on the long support rod 313, the position of the sliding block II 332 on the long support rod 313 is adjusted, so that the ultrasonic probe can obtain different scanning radiuses and the detection of shaft forgings with different diameters is met, the side surface of the sliding block II 332 is provided with a rotating shaft, the other end of the rotating shaft is connected with the sliding block I331, the two sliding blocks are identical in structure and can rotate freely along the rotating shaft; the spring support rod 314 is inserted into the cavity in the middle of the first sliding block 331, the knurled flat-head screw second 321 on the upper portion of the first sliding block 331 is used for fixing the position of the spring support rod 314 in the cavity of the first sliding block, and different pressures can be obtained by the ultrasonic probe by adjusting the position of the spring support rod 314 in the first sliding block 331; the front end of the spring supporting rod 314 is provided with a cylinder cavity, a compression spring is arranged in the cavity, the short supporting rod 44 is inserted into the cavity at the front end of the spring supporting rod 314 and is connected with the compression spring, and the compression spring transmits pressure to the probe clamping device 4 through the short supporting rod 44.
The probe clamping device 4 consists of a rubber roller 41, an encoder 42, a signal wire 43, a short support rod 44, a probe bracket 45, a knurled flat head screw III 46, a square rubber cushion block 47 and a coupling agent spraying pipeline 48, wherein the rubber roller 41, the encoder 42 and the signal wire 43 jointly form a position sensor which is positioned on one side of the probe bracket 45, the position sensor is connected with the probe bracket 45 through a rotating shaft and is longitudinally arranged along the same axis, and the probe bracket 45 can rotate along the rotating shaft; the probe clamping device 4 drives the rubber roller 41 to rotate when moving, and the encoder 42 converts the rotation data of the rubber roller 41 into the distance data of the probe movement and transmits the distance data to the ultrasonic detector through the signal wire 43. The position sensor and the probe bracket are longitudinally arranged and are provided with the roller type encoder, so that the moving position of the probe can be recorded in real time, and the reduction precision of the position of the probe is high.
The probe bracket 45 is integrally U-shaped, the upper part of the probe bracket is provided with a couplant spraying pipeline 48, the spraying pipeline 48 is made of a hard plastic pipeline, the couplant enters from the middle tee joint and flows to the spraying ports on the two sides, and the couplant is provided for the ultrasonic probe during working; two sides of the front end of the probe bracket 45 are respectively provided with a set of knurled flat-head screws III 46 and a set of square rubber cushion blocks 47, the square rubber cushion blocks 47 are installed at the front ends of the knurled flat-head screws III 46, the horizontal distance between the two square rubber cushion blocks 47 is controlled by rotating the knurled flat-head screws III 46, and the ultrasonic probes with different overall dimensions are clamped.
The invention also provides a method for detecting the end part of the shaft forging by using the ultrasonic detection scanning device, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: sequentially drawing three sets of supporting legs 1 to respectively align one end of the supporting rod 11 with the middle cavity of the corresponding base bearing platform 211, and slowly pushing and fixing the supporting rod 11 firmly;
step 2: according to the diameter of the shaft forging to be detected and the condition of the existence or nonexistence of a central hole structure, the positions of the switch type magnetic force seats 12 on the support rods 11 are sequentially adjusted, the switch type magnetic force seats 12 can be in good contact with the end face of the shaft forging to be detected, a knurled flat head screw I121 is screwed, and the switch type magnetic force seats 12 are fixed;
and step 3: the base 2 is held by hand, the center of the base bearing platform 211 is aligned with the center of the end part of the shaft forging to be detected, the knob switch 122 is sequentially rotated, the switch type magnetic base 12 generates magnetic force, and the scanning device is firmly adsorbed on the end part of the shaft forging to be detected;
and 4, step 4: adjusting the rotation angle of the support arm short section 312 to ensure that the support arm short section 312 is vertical to the upright post support rod 311, screwing a knurled flat head screw II 321 of the joint at the position, and fixing the relative positions of the two support arms;
and 5: adjusting the rotation angle of the long support rod 313 to enable the long support rod 313 and the support arm short section 312 to be on the same central line, screwing a knurled flat head screw II 321 of the joint at the central line, and fixing the relative positions of the two support arms;
step 6: adjusting the position of the second sliding block 332 on the long support rod 313 to enable the rotation radius of the probe clamping device 4 to meet the design requirement of the detection process, screwing the second knurled flat-head screw 321 at the position, and fixing the position of the second sliding block 332;
and 7: placing the ultrasonic probe at the center of the two square rubber cushion blocks 47, rotating the knurled flat-head screws III 46 at the two sides, and fixing the ultrasonic probe;
and 8: rotating the first sliding block 331 to enable the spring support rod 314 to be perpendicular to the long support rod 313, pushing and pulling the spring support rod 314 to enable the lower surface of the ultrasonic probe to be perfectly attached to the end face of the shaft forging to be detected, screwing the second knurled flat-head screw 321 at the position, and fixing the position of the spring support rod 314;
and step 9: fixing an ultrasonic probe B in a probe bracket 45 of a scanning device A, enabling the ultrasonic probe to be in contact with the end face of a detected shaft forging C, enabling three sets of supporting legs 1 to firmly adsorb the scanning device A on the end face of the detected shaft forging C through a switch type magnetic base 12, and connecting an ultrasonic probe signal line and an encoder signal line with an ultrasonic detector;
step 10: turning on a toggle switch 241 to start the micro diaphragm pump to pump the coupling agent, and spraying the coupling agent to the position of the ultrasonic probe; the switch button 231 is pressed, the couplant storage bin 24 rotates at a constant speed, the probe clamping device 4 is driven to do uniform circular motion through the support arm 3, the ultrasonic probe B acquires detection data, the encoder 42 acquires probe position information, and the ultrasonic detector synchronously records all the detection data;
step 11: after the detection is finished, taking down the scanner, and repeating the steps to continuously detect the detected workpiece;
step 12: after all detection is finished, the scanning device is taken down, the corresponding knurled flat-head screws 321 in the support arms 3 are loosened, the corresponding support rods are folded, the support legs 1 are pulled, the support rods 11 are separated from the cylindrical cavity in the middle of the base bearing platform 211, the support legs 1 are rotated in the axial direction by using the positioning pins 112, the support rods 11 are correspondingly placed in the grooves in the side faces of the base 2, and the scanning device is folded and retracted.
The supporting legs are inserted into the reserved cavities of the base bearing platform to provide a triangular stable structure, the scanning device can be quickly and reliably fixed by matching with the switch type magnetic base, the magnetic force can be closed after detection is finished, and the supporting legs can be pulled out and upwards rotated to finish the storage of the supporting legs; the support arm is matched with the knurled flat-head screw through support rods with different specifications, so that a joint form with a simple structure and convenience in adjustment can be obtained; in the couplant synchronous pumping mode, the support arm and the couplant conveying hose are fixed in the couplant storage bin and move synchronously, so that the probe is guaranteed to move at a constant speed and the couplant is also guaranteed to be supplied continuously; the structure that the position sensor and the probe bracket are longitudinally arranged is provided with the roller type encoder, so that the moving position of the probe can be recorded in real time, and the reduction precision of the position of the probe is high; the width of the probe clamping device can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the knob, the ultrasonic probe clamping device is suitable for detecting and scanning ultrasonic probes and phased array ultrasonic probes with different overall dimensions, and the applicability of the scanning device is improved.
The ultrasonic detection device is compact in structure, convenient to store and carry, suitable for ultrasonic detection of shaft finished parts in a manufacturing plant and on-site in-service shaft forgings, and capable of meeting the detection operation requirements of high-altitude operation and narrow space; the ultrasonic probe end scanning device is suitable for ultrasonic detection of the ends of shaft forgings with different diameters, is also suitable for scanning the ends of the ultrasonic probes for the shaft forgings with various specifications and sizes, and has good process applicability. The probe can move at a constant speed, the track is a regular circle, the data repeatability is good, the detection precision is high, the full record of the ultrasonic detection data of the shaft forging is realized, and the detection data corresponds to the detection position. The pressure applied on the probe is uniform and appropriate, and the adjustable probe clamping mechanism is matched, so that the accuracy and controllability of the posture and the initial position of the probe are ensured, and the detection precision is improved. The scanning device is matched with the ultrasonic probe to be used, so that ultrasonic detection can be implemented at the end part of the shaft forging, and nondestructive inspection of the whole shaft forging can be quickly and efficiently realized.
The above-described embodiments of the invention are intended to be illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting, as all changes that come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an axle type forging tip ultrasonic detection scanning device which characterized in that: the device comprises supporting legs (1), a base (2), supporting arms (3) and a probe clamping device (4), wherein the base (2) is formed by assembling a base bearing platform (211), a positioning clamp plate (212), a power module (22), a servo motor (23) and a coupling agent storage bin (24) from bottom to top, the base bearing platform (211) and the positioning clamp plate (212) are welded on the lower portion of the power module (22), the appearance of the base bearing platform (211) is a 120-degree cuboid tee joint, three pairs of positioning clamp plates (212) are respectively positioned in front of each branch of the cuboid tee joint, three sets of the supporting legs (1) are arranged together and positioned in one plane, the included angle between every two adjacent supporting legs (1) is 120 degrees, and the supporting legs are combined with the positioning clamp plate (212) on the lower portion of the base (2) through positioning pins (112); the supporting arm (3) is composed of supporting rods with different lengths, each joint is flexible and adjustable, the folding and sliding functions can be realized, the supporting arm (3) is inserted into a reserved hole in the upper part of the base (2) and can rotate synchronously with a rotating part in the upper part of the base (2), the base (2) drives the supporting arm (3) to do circular motion, and a coupling agent required by the ultrasonic probe (B) during pumping scanning is supplied; the probe clamping device (4) is arranged at the front end of the support arm (3), and the ultrasonic probe (B) is arranged on the probe clamping device (4).
2. The ultrasonic detection scanning device for the end parts of the shaft forgings as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the supporting leg (1) comprises a cylindrical supporting rod (11) and a switch type magnetic seat (12), one end of the supporting rod (11) is provided with an oval sliding groove (111), a positioning pin (112) penetrates through the sliding groove (111) to be fixed on a positioning clamping plate (212), and the supporting leg (1) is connected with the base (2) through the positioning clamping plate (212); the other end of the supporting rod (11) is inserted into a cavity in the middle of the switch type magnetic base (12) and is fixed through a first knurled flat-head screw (121) on the top of the magnetic base; the switch type magnetic base (12) is provided with a knob switch (122) for controlling the application and release of the magnetic force.
3. The ultrasonic detection scanning device for the end parts of the shaft forgings as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the power module (22) is cylindrical in shape, three vertical grooves with semicircular sections are arranged on the side surface of the cylinder at equal radian, and the size of each vertical groove is matched with that of the support rod (11) and used for fixing the support leg (1) for storage; the power module (22) side sets up rectangle electric quantity display screen (222), and electric quantity display screen (222) one side sets up cylindrical mouth (221) that charges, power module (22) upper portion sets up two column electrodes (223), for upper portion servo motor (23) power supply.
4. The ultrasonic detection scanning device for the end parts of the shaft forgings as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the servo motor (23) is cylindrical in shape and is positioned at the upper part of the power supply module (22), three vertical grooves with semicircular sections are arranged on the side surface of the cylinder in an equal radian manner, and the size of each vertical groove is matched with that of the support rod (11) and used for fixing the support leg (1) for storage; a cylindrical switch button (231) is arranged on the side surface of the servo motor (23) and used for controlling the start and stop of the servo motor (23); the upper part of the servo motor (23) is provided with a cylindrical transmission shaft (232) which is used for fixing the upper couplant storage bin (24) and driving the couplant storage bin (24) to rotate.
5. The ultrasonic detection scanning device for the end parts of the shaft forgings as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the couplant storage bin (24) is positioned at the uppermost part of the base (2), the shape of the couplant storage bin is a cylinder, a couplant storage cavity, a micro diaphragm pump and a storage battery are arranged in the couplant storage bin, a toggle switch (241) arranged on the side surface of the couplant storage bin (24) controls the start and stop of the micro diaphragm pump, and the ultrasonic probe (B) pumps the couplant during working; a couplant filling opening screw cap (242) and a couplant pumping opening (244) are arranged at the upper part of the couplant storage bin (24), the couplant pumping opening (244) is connected with a couplant conveying hose (34), and when the diaphragm pump is started, the couplant in an inner cavity is sprayed to the position of the ultrasonic probe (B) through the couplant conveying hose (34); the upper part of the couplant storage bin (24) is provided with a cylindrical supporting arm hole (243).
6. The ultrasonic detection scanning device for the end parts of the shaft forgings as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the support arm (3) comprises an upright post support rod (311), a support arm short section (312), a long support rod (313), a spring support rod (314), a knurled flat-head screw II (321), a slide block I (331), a slide block II (332) and coupling agent conveying hoses (34) arranged along the support arm, the upright post support rod (311), the support arm short section (312) and the long support rod (313) are sequentially connected and fixed by the knurled flat-head screw II (321), the tightness of each joint can be controlled by rotating the knurled flat-head screw II (321), the upright post support rod (311) is inserted into an upper support arm hole (243) of the coupling agent storage bin (24) and connected with the base (2), a rectangular slide block II (332) is installed at the front end of the long support rod (313), the flat-head screw II (321) is arranged at the upper part of the slide block II (332) and used for fixing the position of the slide block II (332) on the long support rod (313) and adjusting the position of the slide block II (332) on the long support rod (313), the ultrasonic probe (B) can obtain different scanning radiuses, a rotating shaft is arranged on the side face of the second sliding block (332), the other end of the rotating shaft is connected with the first sliding block (331), and the two sliding blocks are identical in structure and can rotate freely along the rotating shaft; the spring support rod (314) is inserted into a cavity in the middle of the first sliding block (331), a second knurled flat head screw (321) at the upper part of the first sliding block (331) is used for fixing the position of the spring support rod (314) in the cavity of the first sliding block, and the position of the spring support rod (314) in the first sliding block (331) is adjusted, so that the ultrasonic probe (B) can obtain different pressures; the front end of the spring supporting rod (314) is provided with a cylindrical cavity, a compression spring is arranged in the cavity, the short supporting rod (44) is inserted into the cavity at the front end of the spring supporting rod (314) and is connected with the compression spring, and the compression spring transmits pressure to the probe clamping device (4) through the short supporting rod (44).
7. The ultrasonic detection scanning device for the end parts of the shaft forgings according to any one of claims 1 to 6, is characterized in that: the probe clamping device (4) consists of a rubber roller (41), an encoder (42), a signal wire (43), a short support rod (44), a probe bracket (45), a knurled flat-head screw III (46), a square rubber cushion block (47) and a couplant spraying pipeline (48), wherein the rubber roller (41), the encoder (42) and the signal wire (43) jointly form a position sensor which is positioned on one side of the probe bracket (45), the position sensor is connected with the probe bracket (45) through a rotating shaft and is longitudinally arranged along the same axis, and the probe bracket (45) can rotate along the rotating shaft; the probe clamping device (4) drives the rubber roller (41) to rotate when moving, the encoder (42) converts the rotation data of the rubber roller (41) into distance data of probe movement, and the distance data is transmitted to the ultrasonic detector through the signal wire (43).
8. The ultrasonic detection scanning device for the end parts of the shaft forgings as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: the probe bracket (45) is integrally U-shaped, the upper part of the probe bracket is provided with a couplant spraying pipeline (48), the couplant spraying pipeline (48) is made of a hard plastic pipeline, the couplant enters from the middle tee joint and is shunted to spraying ports on two sides, and the couplant is provided for the ultrasonic probe (B) during working; the two sides of the front end of the probe support (45) are respectively provided with a set of knurled flat-head screws III (46) and a set of square rubber cushion blocks (47), the square rubber cushion blocks (47) are installed at the front ends of the knurled flat-head screws III (46), and the horizontal distance between the two square rubber cushion blocks (47) is controlled by rotating the knurled flat-head screws III (46) so as to be used for clamping ultrasonic probes (B) with different overall dimensions.
9. A method of inspection using a scanning device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: sequentially drawing three sets of supporting legs (1), respectively aligning one end of a supporting rod (11) with the middle cavity of the corresponding base bearing platform (211), and slowly pushing the supporting rod (11) into the middle cavity for fixing firmly;
step 2: according to the diameter of the shaft forging (C) to be detected and the condition of the existence or nonexistence of a central hole structure, the position of the switch type magnetic base (12) on the support rod (11) is sequentially adjusted, the switch type magnetic base (12) can be in good contact with the end face of the shaft forging (C) to be detected, a knurled flat-head screw I (121) is screwed, and the switch type magnetic base (12) is fixed;
and step 3: the base (2) is held by hand, the center of a base bearing platform (211) is aligned with the center of the end part of the shaft forging (C) to be detected, a knob switch (122) is sequentially rotated, a switch type magnetic base (12) generates magnetic force, and the scanning device is firmly adsorbed on the end part of the shaft forging (C) to be detected;
and 4, step 4: adjusting the rotation angle of the support arm short section (312), enabling the support arm short section (312) to be vertical to the upright post support rod (311), screwing a second knurled flat head screw (321) of the joint at the position, and fixing the relative positions of the two support arms;
and 5: adjusting the rotation angle of the long support rod (313), enabling the long support rod (313) and the support arm short joint (312) to be on the same central line, screwing a second knurled flat head screw (321) of the joint at the central line, and fixing the relative positions of the two support arms;
step 6: adjusting the position of the second sliding block (332) on the long support rod (313) to enable the rotating radius of the probe clamping device (4) to meet the design requirement of the detection process, screwing the second knurled flat-head screw (321) at the position, and fixing the position of the second sliding block (332);
and 7: placing the ultrasonic probe (B) in the centers of the two square rubber cushion blocks (47), rotating the knurled flat-head screws (46) on the two sides, and fixing the ultrasonic probe (B);
and 8: rotating the first sliding block (331) to enable the spring support rod (314) to be perpendicular to the long support rod (313), pushing and pulling the spring support rod (314), enabling the lower surface of the ultrasonic probe (B) to be perfectly attached to the end face of the shaft forging (C) to be detected, screwing the second knurled flat-head screw (321) at the position, and fixing the position of the spring support rod (314);
and step 9: fixing an ultrasonic probe (B) in a probe bracket (45) of a scanning device (A), wherein the ultrasonic probe (B) is in contact with the end face of a shaft forging (C) to be detected, three sets of supporting legs (1) firmly adsorb the scanning device (A) on the end face of the shaft forging (C) to be detected through a switch type magnetic base (12), and an ultrasonic probe signal line and an encoder signal line are connected with an ultrasonic detector;
step 10: turning on a toggle switch (241) to start the micro diaphragm pump to pump the coupling agent, and spraying the coupling agent to the position of the ultrasonic probe (B); a switch button (231) is pressed, a couplant storage bin (24) rotates at a constant speed, a probe clamping device (4) is driven to do circular motion at a constant speed through a support arm (3), an ultrasonic probe (B) acquires detection data, an encoder (42) acquires probe position information, and an ultrasonic detector synchronously records all detection data;
step 11: after the detection is finished, taking down the scanner, and repeating the steps to continuously detect the detected workpiece;
step 12: the scanning device is taken down after all detection is finished, a second knurled flat-head screw (321) corresponding to the support arm (3) is loosened, the corresponding support rod is folded, the support leg (1) is pulled, the support rod (11) is separated from a cylindrical cavity in the middle of the base bearing platform (211), the support leg (1) is rotated in the axial direction by the positioning pin (112), the support rod (11) is correspondingly placed in a groove in the side face of the base (2), and the scanning device is folded and retracted to be finished.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110870127.9A CN113447571A (en) | 2021-07-30 | 2021-07-30 | Ultrasonic detection scanning device and detection method for end part of shaft forging |
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| CN202110870127.9A CN113447571A (en) | 2021-07-30 | 2021-07-30 | Ultrasonic detection scanning device and detection method for end part of shaft forging |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117491505A (en) * | 2024-01-02 | 2024-02-02 | 海祺(江苏)工业装备有限公司 | Ship metal die forging defect detection method and device |
| CN117630180A (en) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-03-01 | 苏州思萃熔接技术研究所有限公司 | Ultrasonic detection workstation for annular forging |
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2021
- 2021-07-30 CN CN202110870127.9A patent/CN113447571A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117491505A (en) * | 2024-01-02 | 2024-02-02 | 海祺(江苏)工业装备有限公司 | Ship metal die forging defect detection method and device |
| CN117491505B (en) * | 2024-01-02 | 2024-03-12 | 海祺(江苏)工业装备有限公司 | Ship metal die forging defect detection method and device |
| CN117630180A (en) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-03-01 | 苏州思萃熔接技术研究所有限公司 | Ultrasonic detection workstation for annular forging |
| CN117630180B (en) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-03-26 | 苏州思萃熔接技术研究所有限公司 | Ultrasonic detection workstation for annular forging |
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