CN113441508A - Cabinet type experiment workstation - Google Patents
Cabinet type experiment workstation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113441508A CN113441508A CN202110687417.XA CN202110687417A CN113441508A CN 113441508 A CN113441508 A CN 113441508A CN 202110687417 A CN202110687417 A CN 202110687417A CN 113441508 A CN113441508 A CN 113441508A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/003—Ventilation in combination with air cleaning
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/52—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
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- F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/28—Arrangement or mounting of filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
- F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The cabinet type experiment workstation comprises a cabinet wall body, a constructed closed experiment room and a ventilation cabinet arranged in the experiment room, wherein an experiment table, an operation space positioned above the experiment table and a cabinet door window communicated with the operation space are constructed in the ventilation cabinet; the fresh air system is used for providing external fresh air to the laboratory room in an adjustable mode; the waste gas treatment system is used for purifying air in the sucked fume hood and can empty at least part of purified air in an adjustable mode, and the return air pipeline is used for returning part of air purified and treated by the waste gas treatment system to the inner space range of the laboratory room.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laboratory technology, in particular to a cabinet type experiment workstation with a fume hood function and a centralized laboratory. The cabinet type experiment workstation can independently operate and work, and a plurality of cabinets can be arranged in a large space to be combined for use.
Background
In various existing laboratories, including physicochemical experiments, fume hoods are standard equipped devices that are used primarily to provide a laboratory operating space and platform. According to relevant standards in China, the United states and the International, a fume hood must have the function of synchronously collecting and discharging toxic and harmful waste gas generated during an experiment so as to prevent the experimental waste gas from escaping to the outside of the fume hood and damaging experimenters in an experimental space. In order to ensure that air containing harmful components is exhausted, the ventilation volume of 1 ventilation cabinet is generally designed to be about 1500 m/hour, namely about 50 times of ventilation is needed for a room with the area of 10 m, and although the whole ventilation volume of the ventilation cabinet is not necessarily exhausted, the energy loss in the experimental space is overlarge if the exhaust volume is overlarge.
The prior fume hoods are all installed in special large laboratory spaces built in a building, the special laboratories not only have huge matching spaces but also are often provided with a plurality of fume hoods, so that very large mutual interference among different fume hoods, particularly diffusion interference, environmental air pressure interference and clean interference of harmful components can be caused, therefore, the huge laboratory space is required to be used as a control object, a centralized public power control system capable of controlling physical indexes such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, cleanliness, air freshness, waste gas concentration and the like of the huge laboratory space is built, and the centralized public power control system is required to be operated no matter how many fume hoods participating in experiments, how many people participating in experiments and what type of experiment objects (mainly meaning whether harmful component emission exists) exist in the huge laboratory space, the experiment is ensured to be carried out, and even if part or most of the fume hoods stop operating, the energy consumption of the public air conditioner and the clean system is not substantially changed. However, it is obviously uneconomical to construct and operate the centralized utility power control system to control the parameters of the air pressure, temperature, toxic gas concentration and fresh air volume in the huge space. Secondly, according to the relevant national laboratory building standards, the construction cost of large-space laboratories is far higher than that of conventional spaces.
There are two main types of current fumehoods: the first type is a traditional ventilation cabinet, which comprises a left side wall body, a right side wall body, a rear wall body, a supporting table plate, a cabinet door window, a lintel plate, a cabinet door and an exhaust fan, wherein the supporting table plate is arranged below an experimental area defined by the left side wall body, the right side wall body and the rear wall body; the product exhausts air through a door window of the cabinet to remove harmful components generated in experiments in the cabinet, and the product needs to suck a large amount of air in a large experiment space and completely exhaust the air to an outdoor central waste gas treatment unit, so that the energy consumption of an air conditioner is large, and the effect of removing waste gas in the cabinet is not good, so that the waste gas in the fume hood easily reversely escapes from the door window of the cabinet to the large experiment space to harm experimenters and surrounding people; the second one is a ventilating hood with forced air-supplying function, the left and right side wall bodies or the window frame of the door window are provided with active air-supplying outlets to form the ventilating hood with forced air-supplying function, fresh air led in from the outside or purified air formed by purifying waste gas output by the ventilating hood is supplied into the ventilating hood, and only about 30 percent of air sucked by the ventilating hood comes from a large experimental space, so that the ventilation volume and the energy loss of the large experimental space are greatly reduced; and the interior tonifying wind of cabinet can blow away the remaining harmful component of fume chamber interior corner fall, and waste gas clearance is effectual, nevertheless the waste gas in the fume chamber still is easy to follow harm experimenter and crowd around in the big experiment space is escaped to cabinet door window department reverse, and the whole maintenance energy consumption cost in laboratory is still high moreover. Therefore, how to realize energy conservation and pollution reduction of the fume hood is always a goal pursued by industry personnel.
In order to reduce the amount of exhaust gas which escapes from the window of the cabinet door in a reverse direction, the exhaust fan is opened in the whole process in the existing fume hood product in the experimental process, and the window of the cabinet door must have stable and uniform surface wind speed, and the turbulence in the fume hood needs to be reduced as much as possible. In recent decades, more representative enterprises in the industry, such as fume hood patent products with chinese patent application numbers 201510169620.2, 201710939219.1 and the like proposed successively by energy-saving technology (shanghai) limited, the applicant also proposed in recent years more than ten technologies specially related to improving the escape of exhaust gas of a fume hood, such as chinese patent application numbers 201620240214.0, 201910825946.4, 202110124602.8, 202110125224.5 and the like. Although the products adopting the technologies can meet the relevant standards, the manufacturing difficulty is very high, the energy consumption is still very high, and the problem of exhaust gas escape is not solved properly.
In addition, prior art fumehoods are not possible if they are to be used temporarily in outdoor or indoor temporary locations, such as at a technical spread site, a trade site, a traffic lane or a collection of important persons, to demonstrate or emergency use of the performance of the fumehood, since these sites, which are heavily occupied, simply fail to provide the clean, conditioned and air pressure environmental conditions needed for fumehood operation and demonstration. Therefore, the existing fume hood cannot be used at a temporary place at all, and only one or a plurality of demonstration actions without pain and itch, such as lifting operation of a cabinet door and the like, can be performed on a demonstration site like a play of a mute. Secondly, when a sudden public health incident is met, a laboratory needs to be quickly built in a large-scale stadium and other similar open places, and the problem is very troublesome.
The prior art also discloses a large number of various mobile laboratory techniques, such as the invention patent application with application number 200410053496.5, entitled "mobile safety laboratory", which discloses a box body including a vehicle, two changing rooms with doors communicating with each other are arranged in the box body, a laboratory and a storage room, wherein the first changing room is arranged at the door-entering end of the box body, the second changing room is arranged at one side of the box body and is communicated with the laboratory, the experimental devices are respectively arranged at two sides of the inner wall of the laboratory, one side of the experimental devices is mainly provided with a laboratory table and a central control system, the other side of the experimental devices is sequentially provided with a reagent liquid adding area, a sample processing area and a PCR amplification area which are separated by a partition plate, the partition plates of the two adjacent experimental areas are respectively provided with a transfer window, the working tables of the experimental regions are respectively provided with relevant experimental devices, a transparent baffle plate with the periphery sealed by a sealing gasket is arranged in front of the laboratory devices, the lower part of the PCR amplification area is provided with a stabilized voltage power supply, the storage room is arranged below the laboratory table of the central control system, the power generation unit is connected with a stabilized voltage power supply in a laboratory, and a gas purification air conditioning system is also arranged in the laboratory. Although the technology provides a concept of a mobile laboratory, only a 'room' for detection is provided for experimental equipment and personnel, and the technology is not only bulky, but also does not provide the problem of how to realize safe and energy-saving use of the fume hood.
Disclosure of Invention
As the fume chamber that supplementary experiment used, its main effect is the high energy consumption problem that solves experiment safety problem and lead to from this, wherein waste gas collection handles, new trend circulation and energy consumption size are several management and control contents of very crucial. Secondly, with the development of various requirements of industrial technology upgrading on new requirements of experiments, sudden public health event processing, product display and the like, the invention provides the modularized experiment equipment which is personalized, small in size, safe to use and energy-saving, and has very practical requirements. Secondly, energy conservation and consumption reduction are implemented for large laboratories, which is also a problem to be solved urgently at present.
In order to solve at least one problem in the various technologies and market demands, the invention firstly provides a cabinet type experiment workstation with a ventilation cabinet function, which comprises a cabinet wall body, wherein a closed experiment room is built in the cabinet wall body; the device is characterized by further comprising a fume hood arranged in the laboratory room, wherein an experiment table platform, an operation space positioned above the experiment table platform, a cabinet door window and a cabinet air outlet which are communicated with the operation space are constructed in the fume hood, a movable channel is reserved in the laboratory room, the movable channel is positioned on the side edge of the fume hood and used for experimenters to move back and forth, and a first access door which is convenient for the experimenters to enter and exit the movable channel is arranged on the wall body of the laboratory room; the air volume adjusting device is arranged in the air volume adjusting system, and the air volume adjusting device is used for sucking fresh air from the external space of the experimental room and providing external fresh air for the experimental room in an air volume adjustable mode; still including exhaust-gas treatment system, thereby exhaust-gas treatment system air intake intercommunication thereby not only can the suction the air in the operating space of fume chamber but also can pass through the door window suction of fume chamber the air in the laboratory room, exhaust-gas treatment system's air outlet communicates the exterior space in laboratory room, be provided with evacuation amount of wind adjusting equipment among the exhaust-gas treatment system, exhaust-gas treatment system is used for purifying the air of suction and utilizes evacuation amount of wind adjusting equipment with the adjustable mode of amount of wind with the at least partial air after purifying to the exterior space evacuation in laboratory room.
The wall body of the cabinet can be made of steel materials (section steel and steel plates), can also be independently assembled or installed between the existing building wall body, roof floor and the ground by processing other wall body materials which can not penetrate air and can not insulate heat, such as aluminum alloy plates, light bricks and the like on site, and can also be made into a movable cabinet type structure which is moved to the site to be connected with a water power supply after being assembled. The cabinet wall body can be made into a movable cabinet type structure and loaded on a trailer drawn by an automobile or the automobile to form a movable laboratory, and can also be independently positioned and installed at a proper position outdoors or indoors without the limitation of environmental conditions. When the air conditioner is installed indoors for use, only the inlet of the fresh air system and the air outlet of the waste gas treatment system need to be led outdoors. The experimental room can also be directly constructed in the automobile, and the related fume hood, the fresh air system equipment and the waste gas treatment system equipment are installed on the automobile. Secondly, the cabinet type experiment workstation can be mixed and carried in other experiment places with air conditioning and purification, and the work of other experiment equipment and personnel can not be hindered although energy conservation is not realized for the environment.
The closed experimental room firstly defines that the experimental room is an independent space unit, secondly defines that the experimental room has a relative air isolation function with other spaces, and when the experimental room works, air can not freely enter and exit the experimental room except inevitable negative pressure leakage, normal fresh air supply and exhaust. The air evacuation means that the air in the laboratory room is purified and then discharged to a space outside the laboratory room, for example, the nature.
The laboratory room can hold the fume chamber and laboratory staff etc. The fume hood is characterized in that an operation space is built in the fume hood, and the characteristic that the fume hood actually implies that the fume hood also comprises a peripheral wall body for building the operation space. The cabinet door window is used for communicating the operation space with an experiment room, an experimenter can operate an experiment on the experiment table by means of the cabinet door window, and air in the experiment room can enter the operation space above the experiment table of the fume hood by means of the cabinet door window.
The fresh air system is a path through which external fresh air enters the laboratory room. The fresh air system is used for sucking fresh air from the external space of the experimental room and providing external fresh air for the experimental room in an air volume adjustable mode, the fresh air volume adjusting device comprises a device which is arranged in the fresh air system and used for adjusting the fresh air volume fed from the outside, such as a fan, a valve and the like, so that air supply can be actively adjusted, the external fresh air volume provided by the fresh air system can be adjusted to be zero at the minimum, and even when the interior of the experimental room operates at negative pressure, the fresh air system has the function of being naturally sucked by negative pressure so as to have a passive air inlet function and adjust the passive air inlet volume. The fresh air system comprises a fan, a valve and other devices, which can be arranged in the range defined by the cabinet wall body, and can also be arranged outside the cabinet wall body and send fresh air into the laboratory room through a pipeline.
Wherein the waste gas treatment system is a path for purifying and discharging air in the laboratory room. The waste gas treatment system is used for purifying the air sucked in the fume hood and emptying at least part of the purified air in an air volume adjustable mode, the emptying air volume adjusting device comprises a fan, a device such as a valve and the like, which are arranged in the waste gas treatment system and used for actively sucking the air in the fume hood, and the device is used for adjusting the air volume so as to exhaust air, and the emptying air volume of the waste gas treatment system can be adjusted to be zero at the minimum, but the emptying air volume is adjusted to be zero at the moment, the air pressure in the experimental room cannot be controlled to be lower than the atmospheric pressure, at the moment, the experiment can be carried out only under working conditions without negative pressure, and experimental materials and objects do not have experiments of volatilization and drift of harmful substances. It is furthermore implied that the exhaust gas treatment system also comprises a purification unit for purifying air. The devices such as the fan, the valve, the purification unit and the like included in the exhaust gas treatment system can be arranged in the range defined by the cabinet wall body, and can also be arranged outside the cabinet wall body, and the air in the laboratory room and the fume hood is sucked through pipelines.
In order to meet the requirement of installing various auxiliary equipment, auxiliary spaces such as a power equipment room, a dressing room and the like can be arranged in the cabinet wall body, so that outdoor mobile use can be better met.
Compared with the large-space laboratory environment in which the fume hood of the prior art is located, the laboratory room and the space in the fume hood are small, slight changes of parameters such as the fresh air volume of the fresh air system, the exhaust volume of the exhaust gas treatment system or the return air volume of a return air pipeline to be mentioned later can cause changes of exhaust gas concentration and air pressure in the laboratory room, the response speed between the changes is very high, and the physical quantities such as the fresh air replenishing volume and the exhaust volume of purified air in the laboratory room and the air pressure in the laboratory room have strong correlation and response characteristics.
It can be expected that because its portable cabinet door must be opened in the time of current fume chamber experiment operation to inside atmospheric pressure and waste gas leak are all the physical object that are difficult to the management and control. The invention takes the experimental room as a safety barrier, and also takes the experimental room as an intermediate control link for air flow to enter and exit and a management link for escaping waste gas of the fume hood, so that the experimental room and the fume hood establish a cooperative path for air flow circulation, compared with the prior art,
the invention has the beneficial technical effects that: firstly, compared with the traditional mode in the prior art that the fume hood is used as a control center, the invention adopts the air flow entering and exiting the experimental room as a control object, and the experimental room is of a closed structure, and is different from the movable cabinet door of the fume hood and is of an open structure which needs to be moved at any time, so that the air pressure can be controlled, the escape quantity of the leaked waste gas can be controlled, and a foundation is laid for reliable energy-saving management and safety management; secondly, because the experimental room is arranged in the cabinet wall body, two boundaries for escaping the waste gas are formed from the operation space of the fume hood to the experimental room, and the fresh air system provides fresh air volume in an air volume adjustable mode, the waste gas treatment system evacuates purified air in an air volume adjustable mode, even the two air inlet and outlet volumes are relatively adjusted, so that double negative pressure can be formed between the experimental room and the fume hood (the fume hood and the experimental room both run in a negative pressure mode), the two protection improvement schemes are combined and coordinated for use, so that the use safety of the cabinet type experiment workstation is improved, the cabinet type experiment workstation is simple in structure, skillfully solves the safety problem that waste gas is easy to escape commonly existing in the existing fume hood industry, and forms a fume hood product with a brand new concept and structure; thirdly, the product of the invention can be standardized and modularized in construction, construction quality errors are reduced, construction efficiency is improved, administrative management and permission certification of laboratory construction are facilitated, and the product can be used as a national strategic reserve material to assist in solving the problems of dispersion and a large number of detection experiments needed by public health emergencies and the like; fourthly, the mutual influence of temperature, air pressure, waste gas and the like among different experiment workstations is greatly reduced; fifthly, the movable laboratory workstation module can be used as an independent movable laboratory workstation module, can be flexibly and quickly placed in an outdoor or indoor common space such as an isolated ward built by temporarily borrowing a stadium or the existing traditional laboratory space, is convenient to move, safely use and display, and saves the expensive cost and the maintenance and operation cost for building a huge laboratory space in a matching way.
According to the above technical solution, the air sucked and purified from the inside of the hood can be directly exhausted (to the space outside the laboratory room including nature) to make the laboratory room a straight-line type equipment capable of maintaining the negative pressure operation. The further improvement can also be that the air purifier further comprises a return air pipeline which is connected to the waste gas treatment system in a bypassing mode and is used for guiding part of air purified and treated by the waste gas treatment system to return to the inner space range of the experimental room. The internal space range of the experimental room is a space range defined by wall bodies of the experimental room, and the space range at least comprises a space range occupied by the fume hood and a space range outside the fume hood. The return air pipeline guides the air after partial purification to return to the inner space range of the experimental room, so that the emptying amount is reduced, and further energy is saved.
Furthermore, an air supplementing channel capable of supplementing air to the ventilation cabinet is arranged in the ventilation cabinet, an outlet of the air return pipeline is communicated to the air supplementing channel, and the air return pipeline is used for guiding at least part of purified air after the purification treatment of the waste gas purification unit to return to the ventilation cabinet. Namely, all the purified air guided back by the air return pipeline returns to the fume hood for air supplement, so that the air energy loss is reduced.
Further, including the return air control valve, the return air control valve is installed in return air pipeline or the air supplement passageway, the return air control valve is used for the management and control air after purifying to return to the return air volume of fume chamber.
Further, the air purifier comprises an auxiliary exhaust fan, wherein the auxiliary exhaust fan is arranged in the return air pipeline or the air supplementing channel, and the auxiliary exhaust fan is used for extracting purified air and returning the purified air to the ventilation cabinet.
Further, the exhaust gas treatment system comprises an exhaust gas purification unit for purifying air, and the return air pipeline is connected to a branch of the exhaust gas treatment system, and the branch is located at the downstream of the exhaust gas purification unit. The air in the experimental room is firstly sucked by the fume hood, enters the fume hood from a door window of the fume hood to be mixed with the waste gas generated in the experiment, partially returns to the range of the inner space of the experimental room after passing through the waste gas purification unit of the waste gas treatment system, and is partially exhausted to the outer space. The waste gas purification unit is used for decomposing, disinfecting and the like toxic and harmful waste gas generated in an experiment even including bacteria and the like and outputting gas at least meeting the environmental protection requirement.
Further, the emptying air volume adjusting device comprises an air exhaust fan and an air exhaust control valve for adjusting the emptying volume; the exhaust gas treatment system further comprises an evacuation line for evacuation, the evacuation line is connected to the bifurcation and located downstream of the bifurcation, the exhaust fan is located upstream of the bifurcation, and the exhaust control valve is installed in the evacuation line. The exhaust control valve is a device capable of regulating and controlling the opening degree of the air path, the exhaust fan is a power device capable of rotating so as to suck the air in the fume hood and the laboratory room, and the air is purified to the outside, and preferably, the rotating speed of the exhaust fan can be adjusted so as to continuously adjust the output power and the wind power according to the use requirement. The independent air exhaust control valve or the combination of the air exhaust control valve and the air exhaust fan coordinate to act, and the regulation and control of the air exhaust amount can be realized. When the air in the operating space of the fume hood is sucked by the air suction devices such as the exhaust fan and the like, the air in the experimental room is also sucked and partially exhausted, so that the air in the experimental room is synchronously and continuously replaced, and the concentration of waste gas in the experimental space is reduced. For this purpose, the exhaust gas treatment system draws in not only the air in the fume hood but also simultaneously a large amount of air in the laboratory room.
Furthermore, be provided with new trend filter in the new trend system, new trend filter is used for filtering the new trend. The fresh air purification mainly depends on a fresh air filter in a fluid path defined by the fresh air system, and the fresh air filter can be a high-efficiency filter, a low-efficiency filter or other types of filters such as a PCR biological filter according to the experiment requirements of a laboratory, can be a power-consuming product or a non-power-consuming product, and can be conveniently detached and replaced as long as relevant safety regulations of the laboratory are met. The fresh air filter is installed at the most upstream position of the fresh air system, and part of the fresh air filter can be installed at the downstream of the fresh air control valve or the fresh air fan. The inlet of the fresh air system can also be provided with isolating equipment such as shutters capable of leaking air, so that small animals such as mice are prevented from entering the fresh air system.
Furthermore, the fresh air volume adjusting device comprises a fresh air fan and a fresh air control valve, and the fresh air fan and the fresh air control valve are used for regulating and controlling the fresh air volume supplemented to the experimental room by the fresh air system. The fresh air control valve is a device capable of regulating and controlling the opening degree of an air path, the fresh air fan is a power device capable of rotating and sucking external air to the experimental room, and preferably, the rotating speed of the fresh air fan can be adjusted in a frequency conversion mode so that the output power and the wind power can be continuously adjusted according to the use requirement. The fresh air control valve is driven to be independent or the fresh air control valve and the fresh air fan are combined to coordinate to act, so that the regulation and control of fresh air volume are realized.
In the structure without the return air pipeline, the fresh air provided by the fresh air system and the door and window partial leakage air quantity = the air suction quantity of the fume hood. In the structure with the air return pipeline, the air return quantity of the air return pipeline cannot make up all air exhausted by the fume hood, the fresh air provided by the fresh air system is mainly used for filling up the difference, and the air pressure in the experimental room can also be adjusted by using the air exhaust control valve to control the difference between the exhausted purified air quantity (exhausted quantity) and the fresh air quantity provided by the fresh air system.
Furthermore, an air temperature regulator is arranged in the fresh air system and used for regulating and controlling the temperature of fresh air supplied to the experimental room by the fresh air system. The air temperature regulator is a device capable of cooling or heating air so as to regulate the temperature of fresh air, and comprises a surface air cooler, wherein the surface air cooler is used for cooling the air through a refrigeration refrigerant. The experiment room is characterized by further comprising a refrigeration host arranged outside the experiment room, and the refrigeration host is connected with the surface air cooler through a refrigerant pipe. The refrigeration main machine is a cold and hot dual-purpose machine type or a single-cold machine type. The refrigeration host is arranged outside the experimental room, can be arranged on the outer side of the wall body of the cabinet, can be arranged in a special power equipment room, and further can be arranged in an outdoor space. In order to cope with the northern low-temperature climate, the air temperature regulator further comprises an electric heater which is used for heating air so as to regulate and control the temperature in the experimental room. Furthermore, the surface air cooler and the electric heater of the air temperature regulator can be simultaneously installed in one unit device, and can also be separately arranged in the fresh air system.
The system further comprises a central controller, wherein the central controller comprises an operation mode management module, at least an energy-saving operation mode is constructed in the operation mode management module, and the central controller is used for responding to the information about whether an experimenter is present or not and correspondingly controlling whether the experimental room is in the energy-saving operation mode or not; the energy-saving operation mode is a management paradigm for reducing energy consumption of the experimental room. In actual operation management, energy-saving operation modes, comfortable operation modes and other modes can be established in the central controller in advance through models, and the central controller executes the comfortable operation modes, the energy-saving operation modes and the like according to manual instructions or automatic response related prompt signals to control parameters such as temperature and air pressure in the experimental room.
The comfortable operation mode is mainly adapted to the operation condition of experimenters when the experimenters perform experiments in the laboratory room, and the management and control are mainly characterized in that the safety of the concentration of the waste gas in the laboratory room and the comfort of the temperature in the laboratory room are ensured. In specific management, the fume hood is kept in negative pressure operation, so that the escape quantity of waste gas from the fume hood to an experimental room can be reduced, or the circulating replacement air volume of the experimental room is increased, and the concentration of the waste gas in the experimental room can be reduced, so that the environmental protection standard is met.
The energy-saving operation mode is mainly suitable for the operation condition that an experimenter does not perform experiments in the experimental room in person but waits for experimental results, and the control is mainly focused on energy-saving operation. In specific management, the operation of the air temperature regulator and the fresh air fan is closed or reduced, the running speed of the exhaust fan is reduced, air suction is reduced, air exhaust is reduced through the exhaust control valve, and the purpose of energy-saving operation can be achieved. In terms of safe operation, the experiment room is kept to operate at negative pressure, so that the escape of waste gas from the experiment room to the external space can be reduced, the waste gas leakage amount of the experiment room can meet the environmental protection standard, therefore, when an experiment object and an experiment material belong to an experiment with harmful volatility, the experiment room is kept to operate at negative pressure, measures for improving the escape difficulty from the experiment room are taken, one of basic means for realizing the waste gas leakage amount of the experiment room meeting the environmental protection standard can be realized, other means can also comprise the improvement of the purification capacity of the waste gas purification unit, the arrangement of a buffer space at the door opening of the first entrance and exit, and the like, and the measures can be used independently or can be combined for synergistic use. But when the experimental object and the experimental material belong to the experiment without the volatilization and drift of harmful substances, the central controller does not need to control the negative pressure operation of the experimental room and the fume chamber, and the environmental protection standard can be ensured to be met.
According to the definition, the comfortable operation mode and the energy-saving operation mode are relative concepts, and the related threshold parameters are relatively adjusted due to different geographic environments or experimental environments. In order to realize the purpose, except for the information of the existence or not of the experimenter, which is an instruction directly sent by a person, the invention adopts the following two schemes which can be used selectively or jointly:
according to the first scheme, an opening sensor used for detecting the opening degree of the movable cabinet door is further arranged on the ventilation cabinet, the opening sensor is in signal connection with the central controller, and the central controller is used for controlling the experimental room to enter an energy-saving operation mode according to a signal transmitted by the opening sensor that the opening degree of the cabinet door reaches a preset position. The opening degree sensor may be a contact position sensor or a non-contact photoelectric sensor. The door opening signal is actually a signal for determining the position of the movable door, indicating that the experimenter has closed the movable door in preparation for leaving or has left the experimenter when the door is in a predetermined position, for example, the lowest position, without continuing to maintain a comfortable operation mode, and for this reason this signal can be used by the central controller as one of the factors for determining the operation mode to be used to adjust the energy consumption. The second scheme is that the energy-saving laboratory system further comprises a personnel detector which is in signal connection with the central controller, and the central controller is used for controlling the laboratory room to enter an energy-saving operation mode by using the information that the experimenter leaves and is sensed by the personnel detector. According to the improved scheme, whether an experimenter is on duty or not is taken as a center, the temperature, the waste gas concentration, the fresh air supplement amount and the like in the experimental room are reasonably adjusted, the experiment room is safe and energy-saving as is, when the experimenter needs to return to the experimental room, the central controller can immediately start the fresh air system and the waste gas treatment system according to a personnel return instruction, and the problems that waste gas in the experimental room exceeds the standard and the temperature are rapidly solved.
The invention has the characteristics and advantages, so the invention can be applied to cabinet type experiment workstation products with the function of a fume hood and centralized laboratories.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a cabinet-type laboratory workstation to which the present invention is applied;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a first configuration of the layout of the internal equipment of the laboratory cabinet workstation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the stand-alone fumehood employed in the cabinet laboratory workstation of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the piping system layout between the fumehood and the flue gas cleaning unit;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a second configuration of the fume hood of the cabinet laboratory workstation incorporated with the walls of the laboratory room;
fig. 6 is a plan layout view of a centralized laboratory equipped with the cabinet type laboratory workstation.
Detailed Description
In order to simply and reliably solve the safety problem and the energy-saving problem of using the cabinet type experiment workstation, the cabinet type experiment workstation 100 applying the scheme of the invention is further specifically described with reference to the attached drawings 1 to 6.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the cabinet type experiment workstation 100 includes a cabinet wall 1, and an enclosed experiment room 11 is built in the cabinet wall 1; the experimental facility is characterized by further comprising a fume hood 3 arranged in the experimental room 11, wherein an experimental table 32, an operation space 33 located above the experimental table 32, a cabinet door window and a cabinet air outlet 34 communicated with the operation space 33 are built in the fume hood 3, a movable channel 14 is reserved in the experimental room 11, the movable channel 14 is located on the side edge of the fume hood 3, the movable channel 14 is used for enabling an experimenter to walk back and forth, and a first access door 15 facilitating access to the movable channel 14 is arranged on a wall body of the experimental room 11; the device is characterized by further comprising a fresh air system 2, wherein fresh air volume adjusting equipment is arranged in the fresh air system 2, and the fresh air system 2 is used for sucking fresh air from the external space of the experimental room 11 and providing external fresh air for the experimental room 11 in an air volume adjustable mode by utilizing the fresh air volume adjusting equipment; the air conditioner is characterized by further comprising an exhaust gas treatment system 4, an air inlet of the exhaust gas treatment system 4 is communicated with a cabinet air outlet 34 of the fume hood 3, so that air in an operation space 33 of the fume hood 3 can be sucked, air in the laboratory room 11 can also be sucked through a cabinet door window of the fume hood 3, an air outlet of the exhaust gas treatment system 4 is communicated with the external space of the laboratory room 11, an evacuation air volume adjusting device is arranged in the exhaust gas treatment system 4, and the exhaust gas treatment system 4 is used for purifying the sucked air and evacuating at least part of purified air to the external space of the laboratory room 11 in an air volume adjustable mode through the evacuation air volume adjusting device.
The details of the system and structure disclosed above are further described below. Various implementation details disclosed below may be selectively applied, or combined and applied in one embodiment, even if not directly related or synergistic in functional terms, except where expressly specified as being equivalent or alternative embodiments.
In practice, a central controller 8 is further provided, the central controller 8 is disposed in a control box provided on the inner side of the wall of the laboratory room 11, and in one embodiment, a communication unit is further provided in the central controller 8, and is used for being in signal connection with an external network to form a node and a controlled object of network control, so that an experimenter can remotely control, observe experiments or extract experimental data in his or her office. Further, the system also comprises a human-machine interface (not shown in the figure), the human-machine interface is used for picking up instructions of an operator, and the human-machine interface is in signal connection with the central controller 8. The human-computer interface can be an APP control module, an operation button or a brain control AI signal, and after the experimenter sends various instructions to the central controller 8 through the human-computer conversation interface, the central controller 8 coordinates the relevant equipment to perform corresponding regulation and control work. The system further comprises a display (not shown in the figure) for displaying the temperature and the air pressure of the laboratory room 11, the display is in signal connection with the central controller 8, and the display can be combined with the human-computer interface.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cabinet wall body 1 may be made of steel (section steel and steel plate), or may be assembled on site with other non-air-permeable and heat-insulating wall materials such as aluminum alloy plate and light brick, or may be assembled with an existing building wall body, or may be made into a movable cabinet structure, and after being assembled, the cabinet structure is moved to the site to be connected with a water power supply. The cabinet wall body 1 can be manufactured into a movable cabinet type structure which is independently positioned and installed at an appropriate position outdoors and indoors and is not limited by environmental conditions, the movable cabinet type structure can be manufactured to be loaded on a trailer pulled by an automobile or the automobile to form a movable laboratory, the laboratory room 11 can be directly constructed in the automobile, and the related ventilation cabinet 3, the equipment of the fresh air system 2 and the equipment of the waste gas treatment system 4 are installed on the automobile in a matching way, at this time, the peripheral wall body of the laboratory room 11 is the cabinet wall body 1. When the air conditioner is installed indoors for use, the inlet 20 of the fresh air system 2 and the air outlet 404 of the waste gas treatment system 4 only need to be extended and led outdoors.
The laboratory room 11 is used for accommodating the fume hood 3, laboratory staff and the like. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the ventilation hood 3 includes a peripheral wall body including a left sidewall body 36, a right sidewall body 37, a rear sidewall body 38, and a top sidewall body 39, the laboratory table 32 is disposed between the left sidewall body 36, the right sidewall body 37, and the rear sidewall body 38, the door window is disposed between the front end portions of the left sidewall body 36 and the right sidewall body 37, and the hood outlet 34 and the inlet 35 of the air supply passage are respectively disposed on the top sidewall body 39. One of the structures for constructing the fume hoods 3 is, as shown in fig. 3, that the left side wall 36 of the left fume hood 3 is located between the partition wall 13, the right side wall 37 of the right fume hood 3 is located between the right side wall 101 of the experimental room 11, the rear side walls 38 of the two fume hoods 3 are located between the rear side walls 102 of the experimental room 11, and the top walls 39 of the two fume hoods 3 are located between the top walls 103 of the experimental room 11, but may be closely connected, abutted together, or separated from each other by a distance, and that the walls of the fume hoods 3 and the experimental room 11 may be a movable structure or a structure fixed on the floor of the experimental room 11. In another structure, as shown in fig. 5, the left side wall 36 of the left side fume hood 3 and the partition wall 13, the right side wall 37 of the right side fume hood 3 and the right side wall 101 of the laboratory room 11, and the rear side walls 38 of the two fume hoods 3 and the rear side wall 102 of the laboratory room 11 are combined into one, so as to form an integrated cabinet type laboratory workstation 100 including fume hoods with new structure. An air supply outlet (not shown in the figure) is further provided at the front end portion of the left side wall body 36, the right side wall body 37 or the window lintel portion 381 above the window of the cabinet door, and the air entering from the inlet 35 of the air supply passage comes out from the air supply outlet to the operation space 33 and the like, thereby forming a ventilation cabinet 3 with a forced air supply function.
Because the fresh air system 2 provides fresh air in an air volume adjustable mode, and the waste gas treatment system 4 empties the purified air in an air volume adjustable mode, when the fresh air volume is smaller than the emptying volume, the air pressure in the experimental room 11 can operate in a negative pressure mode relative to the atmospheric pressure. Whether the negative pressure operation is adopted or not is determined by the experimental environment and the experimental object and is uniformly controlled by the central controller 8. The negative pressure in the fume hood 3 and the laboratory room 11 can be controlled to be about-10 pa to-30 pa by referring to the relevant national standard of a negative pressure laboratory or a negative pressure ward. When the exhaust gas treatment system 4 is in operation, only air within the interior space of the laboratory room 11 (including within the fume hood 3) is drawn, and no air is involved in other larger spaces outside the laboratory room 11; also when the exhaust air escapes from the hood 3 in the reverse direction, it is diffused only into the laboratory room 11 and not into other larger spaces outside. For this reason, on the basis that the fume hood 3 firstly defines the exhaust gas diffusion boundary, the laboratory room 11 of the present embodiment defines the second boundary of exhaust gas diffusion again, and because the interior space range of the laboratory room 11 is small and negative pressure operation can be adopted, even if a little exhaust gas escape of the fume hood 3 is also defined in the laboratory room 11, the exhaust gas escape can be quickly sucked into the exhaust gas treatment system 4 again to be purified and decomposed, and the probability and the quantity of the exhaust gas continuing to diffuse out of the laboratory room 11 can be far lower than the national standard. Therefore, from the fume hood 3 to the laboratory room 11, not only are two boundaries for escaping waste gas formed, but also double negative pressure is formed, the cabinet type experiment workstation 100 is simple in structure, and skillfully solves the common headache problem in the prior fume hood industry in the aspect of safety, and forms a fume hood product with a brand-new structure and concept.
Secondly, because the exhaust gas treatment system 4 evacuates the purified air in an air volume adjustable manner, it is actually implicit that the evacuation volume of the purified air is randomly adjusted in order to achieve the purpose of energy saving or safety in different operation modes. For example, in the embodiment where the return air duct 5 is provided, the amount of return air of the return air duct 5 may also be adjustable to adjust the amount of evacuation.
As shown in fig. 2, two ventilation hoods 3 and other devices which are arranged left and right are installed and fixed in the experimental room 11 of the present embodiment, and the ventilation hoods 3 are close to the rear sidewall of the experimental room 11; in another equivalent embodiment, only one of the fume hoods 3 is also provided in the laboratory room 11. The size of the laboratory room 11 of the cabinet wall 1 can be determined according to the number of the fume hoods 3 to be placed, generally speaking, it is preferable to place three to five fume hoods 3 at most, and preferably one to two fume hoods 3 are easy to manage and high in efficiency.
Secondly, a movable passage 14 located on the side surface of the fume hood 3 is reserved in the experiment room 11 and used for an experiment of the experimenter walking back and forth in front of the fume hood 3. The cabinet wall body 1 is provided with a first access door 15 capable of entering and exiting the movable passage 14, after the first access door 15 is closed, the first access door 15 can bear certain negative pressure, the experimental room 11 is isolated from the outside, and air in the room is difficult to diffuse out from the first access door 15 during negative pressure in the experimental room 11. If the first access door 15 has poor air tightness, the external air is easy to enter the laboratory room 11 through the first access door 15, so that the consumed air draft power is high, and the structure can be used for temporary display and emergency building and use for reducing the equipment manufacturing cost. However, in a case where the first access door 15 is planned to be used for a long time or a case where the requirements are strict, the first access door is preferably a door leaf and door frame combination having a negative pressure airtight structure, and when the laboratory room 11 is in negative pressure operation, only a very small amount of outside air can be sucked into the laboratory room 11, and the relevant air tightness technical conditions and structures can refer to the relevant national standards of a negative pressure laboratory or a negative pressure ward, so that energy consumption can be reduced. In order to further enhance the capability of preventing the exhaust gas from escaping, a buffer space (not shown) for negative pressure may be provided at the door opening of the first access door 15.
In order to install various auxiliary equipment, an auxiliary space such as a power equipment room 12 is further arranged in the cabinet wall body 1, and the experimental room 11 and the power equipment room 12 are separated by a partition wall 13 so as to better meet the requirement of outdoor movement; a second access door 16 that allows the power equipment room 12 to be accessed is further provided on the cabinet wall 1. Be provided with the non-light tight observation window 18 of being convenient for observe the experiment on cabinet wall body 1 or first access door 15 to can follow the outside direct observation experiment condition in the laboratory room 11, not only improve the security of experiment but also energy saving consumed the festival like this.
The exhaust gas treatment system 4 of the present embodiment draws and purifies air from the inside of the hood 3, and includes two discharge methods, the first is to directly discharge the air entirely (into the space outside the laboratory room including nature) so as to make the laboratory room 11 an inline type device (not shown in the drawings) capable of maintaining a negative pressure operation. In this embodiment, when energy saving management is taken into consideration, the exhaust fan 44 of the exhaust gas treatment system 4 can be operated at a low speed under the energy saving condition, so that the ventilation amount is small and the power consumption of the fan is small. The second is partial evacuation, i.e. the introduction of a portion of the cleaned return air into the fume hood 3 via the return line 5 which bypasses the exhaust gas treatment system 4. For this purpose, the further embodiment also provides a modification, as shown in fig. 4, that the system further includes a return air line 5 by-passing the exhaust gas treatment system 4, and the return air line 5 is used for guiding a portion of the air purified by the exhaust gas treatment system 4 to return to the interior space of the laboratory room 11. The internal space range of the experimental room 11 refers to a space range defined by wall bodies of the experimental room 11, and the space range at least includes a space range occupied by the fume hood 3 and a space range outside the fume hood 3. The return air duct 5 guides the partially purified air to return to the inside space of the laboratory room 11, thereby reducing the amount of air to be discharged and saving energy.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the fresh air system 2 is a path through which external fresh air is sucked, and a fluid path defined by the fresh air system 2 includes a fresh air volume adjusting device, an air temperature regulator 25, and an air duct connected to these devices; the fresh air volume adjusting device comprises a fresh air fan 22 and a fresh air control valve 24, and is used for adjusting and controlling the fresh air volume supplemented to the experimental room 11 by the fresh air system 2. When the experimental room 11 works under negative pressure, no matter whether the air return pipeline 5 is established or not, the air volume exhausted by the waste gas treatment system 4 is equal to the air inlet volume of the fresh air system 2 plus the negative pressure leakage volume of the door and window part; as shown in fig. 4, the amount of return air in the return air line 5 cannot make up for all the air exhausted from the fume hood 3, and the difference needs to be filled with fresh air provided by the fresh air system 2. Of course, the air pressure in the experimental room 11 can be adjusted by using the difference between the amount of purified air (the air discharge amount) discharged by the air discharge control valve 411 and the fresh air amount provided by the fresh air system 2, and even the energy consumption can be adjusted (the larger the return air amount is, the smaller the air discharge amount and the air exchange amount is, the lower the heat loss of the air in the experimental room 11 is).
The central controller 8 controls the air temperature regulator 25 to work, and also regulates and controls the fresh air control valve 22, the fresh air fan 24, the exhaust air fan 44 and the exhaust air control valve 411 to work in an air volume adjustable mode, including at least one of them running at full load, reducing load running or even stopping running so as to control the temperature, pressure or air volume and the like in the experimental room 11, and the specific running condition is commanded by the central controller 8. The central controller 8 regulates and controls the fresh air volume, the temperature or/and the humidity in the experimental room 11, not only for creating a comfortable working environment, but also for realizing energy-saving work. The central controller 8 manages the temperature in the laboratory room 11, and includes operating the temperature in the laboratory room 11 according to a predetermined temperature threshold or a temperature threshold included in the operating condition model, and also includes stopping the operation of the related temperature control device, such as the air temperature controller 25, so as to allow the temperature in the laboratory room 11 to be consistent with the temperature of the external environment. For example, the central controller 8 may control the temperature in the laboratory room 11 by at least regulating the air temperature regulator 25, or regulating the fresh air volume, the return air volume, the air discharge volume, or a combination thereof, and may simultaneously keep the laboratory room 11 and the fume hood 3 operating at a negative pressure by regulating the fresh air volume, the return air volume, the air discharge volume, or the like. In another embodiment of the operation mode, the central controller 8 controls the fresh air volume, the return air volume, the evacuation volume, and the like to simultaneously maintain the experiment room 11 and the fume hood 3 in the negative pressure operation, but basically neglects the temperature change in the experiment room 11 to make the temperature in the experiment room 11 consistent with the temperature of the external environment.
In the actual operation management, an operation mode management module is constructed in the central controller 8 in advance through a data model, an energy-saving operation mode, a comfortable operation mode, a shutdown management mode and the like are arranged in the operation mode management module, and each mode comprises related physical parameter control thresholds such as air pressure and temperature. In the energy-saving operation mode, the operation of the air temperature regulator 25 and the fresh air fan 24 can be closed or slowed, the operation speed of the exhaust fan 44 is reduced, the air suction is reduced, the exhaust is reduced through the exhaust control valve 411, and the like, so that the energy is saved; in the energy-saving operation mode, the amount of exhaust gas leakage of the experiment room 11 is in accordance with the environmental protection standard, and the experiment room 11 can be operated under negative pressure to reduce the amount of exhaust gas escaping from the experiment room 11 to the external space. In the comfortable operation mode, the concentration of the exhaust gas in the laboratory room 11 is made to meet the relevant national standard, and the fume hood 3 is made to operate under negative pressure, so as to reduce the escape amount of the exhaust gas from the fume hood 3 to the laboratory room 11, in the central controller 8, different negative pressure thresholds may be set corresponding to different operation modes, in this embodiment, when in the energy-saving operation mode, the negative pressure thresholds in the laboratory room 11 and the fume hood 3 may be set to about-10 pa to-20 pa; when the test room is in the comfortable operation mode, the negative pressure threshold values in the test room 11 and the fume hood 3 can be further reduced to about-20 pa to-30 pa in consideration of the fact that experimenters are on site, and the difficulty of escaping the waste gas out of the test room 11 is improved.
The fresh air control valve 22 is a device capable of regulating and controlling the opening of the air path under the control of the central controller 8, so as to control the air inlet volume of fresh air in an air volume adjustable manner; the fresh air fan 24 comprises a driving motor and an impeller arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor, and can rotate under the control of the central controller 8 so as to suck external air into the power device of the experimental room 11, and the rotating speed of the fresh air fan 24 can be adjusted through a frequency modulation controller so as to continuously adjust the rotating speed and the output power according to different use requirements and working conditions so as to control the fresh air intake. The fresh air control valve 22 and the fresh air fan 24 are also combined and coordinated to realize the regulation and control of fresh air volume. The power driving structure of the rotary fans such as the exhaust fan 44 and the auxiliary suction fan 52 mentioned in this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the fresh air fan 24.
The air temperature regulator 25 is a device capable of cooling or heating air, is mainly used for regulating the temperature of fresh air, and can be directly in signal connection with the central controller 8 through a signal interface thereof to realize the control of refrigerating capacity or heating capacity. The air temperature regulator 25 includes a surface air cooler (not shown) for cooling air by a cooling refrigerant delivered through a cooling refrigerant pipe 27. The experiment room 11 is characterized by further comprising a refrigeration host 26 arranged outside the experiment room, wherein the refrigeration host 26 is connected with the surface air cooler through the refrigerant pipe 27. The central controller 8 may control the cooling capacity by controlling the surface cooler or the cooling main unit 26 directly or through an internal controller in the air temperature regulator 25. The refrigeration main unit 26 may be of a cold-hot dual-purpose type or a single-cold-machine type. In the present embodiment, the cooling main unit 26 is disposed in the power equipment room 12, and a louver 17 is disposed on the cabinet wall 1 near the cooling main unit 26 to dissipate heat. The refrigeration main unit 26 may be mounted on the outside of the cabinet wall 1 or a building wall of an outdoor space.
In order to cope with the northern low-temperature climate, further, the air temperature regulator 25 comprises an electric heater (not shown in the figure), the electric heater is used for heating fresh air, the electric heater is directly or through an inner controller signal connection in the air temperature regulator 25 to the central controller 8, and the central controller 8 is used for regulating and controlling the heating temperature in the laboratory room 11 through the electric heater. In another equivalent case, the electric heater can also be replaced by a heat exchanger capable of exchanging other kinds of heat energy, such as geothermal heat, boiler waste heat, etc., and arranged in the air temperature regulator 25 or in another suitable location in the fresh air system 2. With the development of new energy technologies, these alternative technologies are foreseeable.
The surface air cooler and the electric heater included in the air temperature regulator 25 may be installed in a single unit at the same time, or may be separately disposed in the fresh air system 2.
In order to manage the temperature parameters, a temperature sensor (not shown) is further installed in the laboratory room 11 outside the fume hood 3, the temperature sensor is in signal connection with the central controller 8, the central controller 8 is configured to control the temperature of the space outside the fume hood 3 to meet a temperature threshold value by using the temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor, and the central controller 8 is also configured to construct a closed-loop temperature control system by using the temperature sensor. The temperature thresholds set for different working conditions are different, for example, the temperature set for the comfortable operation mode is 25 ℃, and the temperature in the energy-saving operation mode may be unlimited to make the temperature in the experimental room 11 the same as the ambient temperature, or may have a certain temperature limit value, which may be specifically determined according to the actual operation environment of the equipment. The central controller 8 can adjust the fresh air temperature by controlling the working state of the air temperature adjuster 25, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the air temperature in the experimental room 11, and can also appropriately adjust the fresh air volume and the emptying volume at the same time, so as to assist in adjusting the temperature and achieve the purpose of saving energy. According to the solution of the present invention, the temperature thresholds set in the central controller 8 are different at least when someone stays in the laboratory room 11 for the experiment or no one stays in the laboratory room 11. When no one stays in the experimental room 11, the energy-saving operation mode can be adopted, so that energy can be greatly saved, and when one stays in the experimental room 11 for experiment, the comfortable operation mode is adopted. In another equivalent embodiment, the temperature sensor can also be installed downstream of the air temperature controller 25 of the fresh air system 2.
Because the air circulation speed in the experimental room 11 is high, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the fume hood 3 is not too large or even consistent. From this perspective, it is understood that the temperature of the space outside the hood 3 is also substantially close to the temperature of the space inside the hood 3.
For the cabinet type experiment workstation 100 which requires to provide clean fresh air, a fresh air filter 23 can be further arranged in the fresh air system 2, and the fresh air filter 23 is used for filtering fresh air. The fresh air filter 23 may be a high efficiency filter, a low efficiency filter or other types of filters such as PCR biological filters according to the experimental requirements of the laboratory 11, as long as the relevant safety regulations of the laboratory are met, and the filter elements of the fresh air filter 23 are easily removable. The fresh air filter 23 is installed at the most upstream position of the fresh air system 2, and of course, part of the fresh air filter 23 may be installed at the downstream of the fresh air control valve 22 or the fresh air blower 24. An isolating device such as a louver capable of leaking air can be further installed at the inlet 20 of the fresh air system 2 to prevent small animals such as rats from entering the fresh air system 2.
For the cabinet type experiment workstation 100 requiring humidity adjustment, an air humidity regulator (not shown in the figure) may be further disposed in the fresh air system 2, and the air humidity regulator is in signal connection with the central controller 8 and is configured to adjust the humidity of the fresh air sent by the fresh air system 2, so that the air in the experiment space 11 meets the relevant experiment specifications.
As shown in fig. 4, the fluid path defined by the exhaust gas treatment system 4 includes an exhaust gas purification unit 40, an exhaust fan 44, an exhaust control valve 411, and the like, and an output air pipeline 42 connected to the exhaust gas purification unit 40, the exhaust fan 44, and the exhaust control valve 411, and an evacuation pipeline 41 for evacuation. The exhaust gas purification unit 40 is used for collecting, decomposing, disinfecting and the like volatile toxic and harmful exhaust gas generated in an experiment even including harmful organisms and the like so as to output purified air at least meeting the environmental protection requirement.
The air in the laboratory room 11 is sucked from the door window of the fume hood 3 into the operation space 33 of the fume hood 3 to be mixed with the exhaust gas generated in the experiment, and after being purified by the exhaust gas purification unit 40, the air is guided to return to the inner space of the laboratory room 11 partially through the return air pipeline 5 and is discharged to the outer space of the cabinet wall 1 partially through the exhaust gas treatment system 4, as shown in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and the discharge amount is adjustable. For this purpose, the exhaust gas treatment system 4 sucks not only the air in the fume hood 3 but also a large amount of air in the laboratory room 11. At least part of the purified air treated by the exhaust gas purification unit 40 is returned to the space in the laboratory room 11, so that the loss of cold or heat in the laboratory room 11 can be greatly reduced, i.e. the larger the return air is, the more energy is saved. The traditional fume hood generally adopts about 70% of purified air to directly flow back into the air supplementing channel of the fume hood 3, or directly supplements fresh air with about 70% of air draft quantity into the fume hood, and the rest about 30% of air is supplemented from the window part of a door of the fume hood. In the fume hood 3 of this embodiment, not only return air is used for supplementing air, but also fresh air is used to enter the experimental room 11 and then is supplemented into the fume hood 3, so that the concentration of exhaust gas in the experimental room 11 can be greatly reduced and energy can be saved, and particularly after an energy-saving operation mode is entered, the fresh air can still enter the experimental room 11 to continuously take away the exhaust gas in the experimental room 11 by means of the small kinetic energy output by the exhaust fan 44 to maintain the negative pressure operation in the experimental room 11. Namely, the total exhaust air quantity of the fume hood 3 = the return air quantity + the total fresh air supply quantity, and the total fresh air supply quantity during negative pressure = the fresh air quantity provided by the fresh air system 2 + the leakage quantity of the door leaf and other parts = the exhaust quantity of the purified air, i.e. the exhaust quantity is greater than the fresh air quantity provided by the fresh air system 2, so as to form negative pressure.
Further, there may be several ways for the air flowing back into the internal space of the laboratory room 11 through the return air duct 5, the first way is that if the fume hood 3 belongs to a non-forced air supplement type product, the return air may be directly discharged into the space outside the fume hood 3; the second way is that if the fume hood 3 belongs to a forced air-supplementing product with an air-supplementing channel, the return air can be directly sent to the air-supplementing channel of the fume hood 3; thirdly, the air return pipeline 5 is improved on the basis of the second structure, and is divided into two branch pipes, wherein one branch pipe directly leads part of purified air back to the air supplementing channel of the fume hood 3, and the other branch pipe directly leads part of purified air back to the space outside the fume hood 3 in the internal space range of the experimental room 11.
The exhaust fan 44 may be located upstream of the exhaust gas purification unit 40 or may be disposed downstream of the exhaust gas purification unit 40. Different pipeline loops and the upstream and downstream relations among the exhaust gas purification unit 40, the exhaust fan 44, and the exhaust control valve 411 are set according to different air discharge modes. In order to realize the above exhaust and compensation modes, the specific implementation structure comprises:
as shown in fig. 4, an air supply passage (not shown) capable of supplying air to a position inside the hood 3 including the operation space 33 is disposed in the hood 3, an outlet of the return duct 5 is connected to an inlet 35 of the air supply passage, and the return duct 5 is configured to guide at least a part of the air purified by the exhaust gas purifying unit 40 to return to the air supply passage of the hood. Wherein the return air line 5 is connected to a branch 403 of the exhaust gas treatment system 4, the branch 403 is a three-way pipe joint, the branch 403 is located at the downstream of the exhaust gas purification unit 40, the purified air from the exhaust gas purification unit 40 is discharged at the branch 403 by dividing into two paths, one path is the connected return air line 5, the other path is the connected evacuation line 41, and the exhaust air control valve 411 is arranged in the evacuation line 41 so that the branch 403 is also located at the upstream of the exhaust air control valve 411. In this configuration, the amount of return air in the return air line 5 is actually controlled by the exhaust control valve 411, that is, the amount of return air is indirectly controlled by controlling the amount of exhaust through the exhaust control valve 411 (the amount of return air = total amount of exhaust of the hood 3 — amount of exhaust), and the amount of return air in the return air line 5 is actually adjustable. The more the return air, the less the cold or heat loss of the air.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, a return air control valve 51 is disposed in the return air pipeline 5 or the air supply channel, the return air control valve 51 is in signal connection with the central controller 8, and the central controller 8 is configured to control the return air control valve 51 and even the exhaust air control valve 411 to cooperatively act to control the return air volume of the return air pipeline 5. Since the air supply duct supplies the purified air into the hood 3 with impact power, the exhaust emission capability of the hood 3 can be improved.
The positions of the exhaust fan 44 and the exhaust control valve 411 include two types under the basic requirement that the return air pipeline 5 can guide return air: first, the exhaust fan 44 and the exhaust gas cleaning unit 40 are located upstream of the branch 403, and the exhaust control valve 411 is located in the evacuation line 41 downstream of the branch 403, so that the air exhausted from the exhaust fan 44 can be partially evacuated through the evacuation line 41 and partially returned to the hood 3. That is, the exhaust gas purifying unit 40 and the exhaust fan 44 are both located upstream of the branch 403, and two-way exhaust is realized by the power of the exhaust fan 44. Secondly, different from the first solution shown in fig. 4, the evacuation pipeline 41 is connected to the branch 403 and located downstream of the branch 403, the exhaust fan 44 and the exhaust control valve 411 are disposed in the evacuation pipeline 41 (the exhaust fan 44 is not shown in fig. 4 and is disposed in the evacuation pipeline 41 at this time, fig. 4 shows that the exhaust fan 44 is disposed upstream of the branch 403), while the exhaust gas purification unit 40 is still located upstream of the branch 403, an auxiliary exhaust fan 52 is disposed in the return pipeline 5 or the air supply channel, the auxiliary exhaust fan 52 is in signal connection with the central controller 8, and the central controller 8 is configured to control the auxiliary exhaust fan 52 and the return control valve 51, and further control the return air volume of the air returning to the ventilation hood 3. According to this modification, the exhaust fan 44 and the exhaust control valve 411 control the amount of exhaust in one branch, i.e., the exhaust line 41, and the auxiliary fan 52 and the return control valve 51 control the amount of return in the other branch, i.e., the return line 5.
As shown in fig. 4, in order to prevent the exhaust fan 44 from being suddenly stopped and causing an impact on the negative pressure in the laboratory room 11, a check valve 412 is preferably installed in the evacuation line 41 of the exhaust gas treatment system 4, and the check valve 412 is used to prevent external air from flowing backward into the laboratory room 11 from the evacuation line 41 or prevent external animals from climbing in. The check valve 412 is located at the outlet 404 downstream of the exhaust control valve 411.
Further, the exhaust gas purifying device comprises an exhaust gas purifier 43, wherein the exhaust gas purifying unit 40 is arranged in the exhaust gas purifier 43, and the exhaust gas purifier 43 is arranged at a side position between the two fume hoods 3 of the laboratory room 11, or is arranged in the power equipment room 12 and is connected between the output air pipeline 42 and the emptying pipeline 41 of the exhaust gas treatment system 4. The exhaust gas purifier 43 is a device including the exhaust gas purifying unit 40, and even the exhaust fan 44 or the exhaust control valve 411 and the like may be disposed entirely in the exhaust gas purifier 43. The experiment room 11 has the advantages that even if the exhaust gas purifier 4 has a leakage accident, the exhaust gas generated by the fume hood 3 can not be directly discharged to the outdoor space but be accumulated in the experiment room 11, so that the large-area pollution to the environment can not be caused, and the exhaust gas accumulated in the experiment room 11 after being maintained can be sucked again through the door window of the fume hood 3.
Because the number of the fume hoods 3 arranged in the laboratory room 11 is small, the space volume and the horizontal area are small. It is conceivable that, compared with the large-space laboratory environment where the fume hood in the prior art is located, since the spaces in the laboratory room 11 and the fume hood 3 in the embodiment are both small and the support of the external large environmental constant is lost, the slight change action of any one of the mechanisms such as the fresh air control valve 22, the fresh air fan 24, the air temperature regulator 25, the exhaust fan 44 and the exhaust control valve 411 will cause the change of the air temperature and the air pressure in the laboratory room 11, and the response speed between the mechanisms is very fast, so that the parameters such as the temperature, humidity and the air pressure of the laboratory room 11 or the fresh air supply amount can be directly influenced. Conversely, in order to achieve the required temperature and air pressure or fresh air supply amount, the mechanisms such as the fresh air control valve 22, the fresh air fan 24, the air temperature regulator 25, the exhaust air fan 44 and the exhaust air control valve 411 must be adjusted in coordination, that is, the whole body is driven by one stroke. Therefore, the fresh air supply quantity and the exhaust quantity of purified gas in the experimental room 11 have relatively strong correlation and response characteristics with the physical quantities such as the temperature and the air pressure in the experimental room 11, and there are various special conditions in use and management, for example, when an experimenter leaves the experimental room 11, it is completely unnecessary to continuously ensure at least 30% of the fresh air supply quantity, and for example, when an experimenter has no special requirements for the temperature and humidity and after the experimenter leaves the experimental room 11, it is completely unnecessary to continuously ensure that the temperature and the humidity of the experimental room 11 conform to a comfortable operation mode, so that the temperature in the experimental room 11 can be consistent with the environmental temperature, the temperature in the experimental room 11 is not interfered, but the negative pressure operation needs to be maintained; for physical experiments without harmful exhaust gas generation at all, negative pressure operation can be not needed. Secondly, on the basis of the cooperative relationship of the fresh air fan 24, the exhaust air fan 44 and the exhaust control valve 411, when the fresh air volume is increased, the temperature and humidity of the experimental room 11 are changed; when the rotation speed of the exhaust fan 44 changes or the opening of the exhaust control valve 411 changes, the evacuation amount changes, which affects the air pressure in the laboratory room 11. Therefore, the workstation 100 of the present embodiment utilizes the central controller 8 to control the air temperature regulator 25, and also controls the fresh air blower 24, the exhaust air blower 44 and the exhaust air control valve 411, even together with the cooperation of the return air control valve 51 and the fresh air control valve 22, so as to immediately cooperate to change various experimental environmental data in the experimental room 11 according to the actual required working conditions of the experiment, thereby achieving the effects of energy saving, environmental protection and safety.
As shown in fig. 4, the cabinet air outlet 34 of the fume hood 3 is connected to the air inlet 401 of the exhaust air cleaner 43 through the outlet air duct 42, and the exhaust air blower 44 is disposed at the air outlet 402 of the exhaust air cleaner 43 for extracting the air in the fume hood 3 and at least partially returning the processed clean air to the fume hood 3. For the purpose of this function, the exhaust blower 44 may be mounted at the cabinet outlet 34 of the cabinet top wall 39 of the hood 3, at another suitable location such as the inlet 401 of the exhaust air cleaner 43 before the bifurcation 403, or even two exhaust blowers 44 may be mounted in the flow path from the cabinet outlet 34 of the cabinet top wall 39 of the hood 3 to before the bifurcation 403. In this embodiment, the purified air sucked by the exhaust fan 44 is separated into two systems, i.e., the evacuation pipeline 41 and the return pipeline 5, and then output separately. Of course, in another embodiment already provided above, the exhaust air fan 44 can be installed in the evacuation line 41 after the bifurcation 403.
It should be noted that fig. 4 only shows a schematic diagram of the pipeline connection between one fume hood 3 and one exhaust gas purifier 43 in the exhaust gas treatment system 4. When two fume hoods 3 share one exhaust gas purifier 43, the air inlet main pipe of one exhaust gas purifier 43 is simultaneously communicated with two output air pipelines 42 (and 42 a) leading to the two fume hoods 3, the air outlet main pipe of one exhaust gas purifier 43 is simultaneously communicated with two return air pipelines 5 (and 5 a) leading to the two fume hoods 3, and one emptying pipeline 41 is respectively used for each fume hood 3. In this embodiment, a first control valve 421 is disposed on the output air pipeline 42 between the cabinet air outlet 34 of each of the fume hoods 3 and the air inlet 401 of the exhaust gas purifier 43, a return air control valve 51 is also disposed on the return air pipeline 5, and both the control valves are controlled by the central controller 8 to prevent the air outlet cross flow or the air inlet cross flow between the two fume hoods 3.
A pull-basket cabinet 61, also called a negative pressure storage cabinet, is further disposed at the side of the ventilation cabinet 3 in the laboratory room 11, and an internal space of the pull-basket cabinet 61 is communicated to the output air duct 42 through a duct and communicated to the upstream of the exhaust air blower 44 and the exhaust gas purification unit 40, so that the pull-basket cabinet 61 can also work under negative pressure and purify air sucked out from the pull-basket cabinet 61 by means of negative pressure formed by the suction force of the exhaust air blower 44. The pull-out basket cabinet 61 is used for storing toxic substances.
In this embodiment, the fresh air system 2 is disposed in the power equipment room 12, an inlet 20 of the fresh air system 2 passes through the wall of the laboratory room 11 and the cabinet wall 1 to communicate with an external space, and an outlet 21 of the fresh air system 2 passes through the partition wall 13 to communicate with an internal air duct 28 installed in the laboratory room 11. The internal air pipe 28 is provided with a plurality of air blowing ports 29, the internal air pipe 28 extends to the upper corner position or/and the upper corner position of the laboratory room 11 so as to blow off waste gas accumulated at the corner position, and the plurality of air blowing ports 29 are concentrated on the movable passage 14 on the side surface of the fume hood 3 so as to be convenient for blowing fresh air to the movable passage 14, thereby improving the safety of laboratory staff. Since the movable duct 14 is small, the amount of cold or heat consumed is small, and thus the amount of energy consumed can be greatly reduced. Of course the internal air duct 28 may also extend to other suitable locations within the laboratory room 11.
The door window department of fume chamber 3 is provided with non-light tight portable cabinet door 31 and can drives the cabinet door driver (not drawn in the figure) that portable cabinet door 31 removed, cabinet door driver signal connection central controller 8, central controller 8 is used for through the control of cabinet door driver portable cabinet door 31's aperture and then control atmospheric pressure and exhaust gas concentration in the laboratory room 11. That is, the exhaust amount can be changed by adjusting the opening of the movable cabinet door 31, so that the exhaust gas concentration in the laboratory room 11 can be changed while the negative pressure is maintained in the laboratory room 11.
Further, a storage cabinet 30 is disposed below the laboratory table 32, and the storage cabinet 30 is used for storing laboratory tools, medicine containers, or waste liquid containers. The waste container and waste treatment device may also be disposed within the power plant compartment 12 for safety. The waste liquid container is mainly used for collecting waste liquid such as acid and alkali liquid generated in the experiment.
Furthermore, a transfer window 62 is disposed on a wall body of the laboratory room 11, and the transfer window 62 includes two door leaves locked with each other. The two mutually locked door leaves mean that after any one door leaf is opened, the other door leaf cannot be opened, and at most one door leaf can be opened, so that the internal space of the transfer window 62 can be selectively communicated with the experimental room 11 and the external space through the two mutually locked door leaves. The transfer window 62 allows various test materials, reagents, and the like to be transferred into the laboratory room 11 without opening the first access door 15, thereby stabilizing the negative pressure in the laboratory room 11.
In order to manage parameters such as exhaust gas concentration, an exhaust gas concentration detector (not shown) may be installed in a laboratory room 11 outside the hood 3, and the exhaust gas concentration detector is in signal connection with a central controller 8, the central controller 8 is used for controlling the exhaust gas concentration of the experimental room 11 to meet an exhaust gas concentration threshold value by using the exhaust gas concentration signal detected by the exhaust gas concentration detector, thereby constructing a closed-loop waste gas concentration control system and waste gas alarm system and coordinating the new air control valve 22, the new air fan 24, the exhaust air fan 44 and the exhaust air control valve 411 even with the cooperative work of controlling the return air control valve 51, the air volume of the fresh air in the experimental room 11 is supplemented through control, even the opening degree of the exhaust control valve 411 is controlled to adjust the exhaust volume, so that the exhaust gas concentration meets the exhaust gas concentration threshold value. The concentration thresholds set under different conditions (e.g. energy saving operation mode or comfort operation mode) are different, and therefore the central controller 8 can automatically adjust the exhaust gas concentration in the experimental room 11 according to different conditions by means of adjusting the ratio of the fresh air volume to the air discharge volume, and the like. For example, in the energy-saving operation mode, when no experimenter is in the experimental room 11, the temperature and the exhaust gas concentration in the experimental room 11 can be greatly increased on the basis of keeping safe operation, and the fresh air volume and the emptying volume are reduced, so that the energy-saving operation is realized. Further, an exhaust gas concentration display and an alarm (not shown) may be provided for automatically displaying and prompting the exhaust gas concentration of the laboratory room 11. It should be noted that, since the sensors corresponding to different exhaust gases are different, any exhaust gas concentration sensor cannot sense all types of exhaust gases, and therefore, the exhaust gas concentration detector installed in the laboratory room 11 needs to be adjusted according to the needs of the customer and the differences of the field experimental objects.
In order to manage parameters such as air pressure, an air pressure sensor (not shown) may be further installed in the laboratory room 11 outside the fume hood 3, the air pressure sensor is in signal connection with the central controller 8, and the central controller 8 is configured to control the air pressure in the laboratory room 11 to meet an air pressure threshold value by using an air pressure signal detected by the air pressure sensor. The air pressure threshold is a negative pressure value with different heights set for different working conditions. The central controller 8 can automatically adjust the experiment room 11 to keep negative pressure operation by adjusting the fresh air volume and the exhaust air volume, and the like, and can also construct a closed-loop control system for temperature and fresh air volume compensation by utilizing the air pressure sensor.
The outside space of the hood 3 is the remaining space within the laboratory room 11 that is not occupied by the hood 3 itself.
According to the statistical data of the existing experiments, the time for the experimenter to directly stay in the laboratory during the experiment process is about 5-20% of the time of the whole experiment process, namely at least more than 80% of the time is far away from the laboratory. Therefore, when the laboratory room 11 is free of experimenters, air conditioners and a large amount of external fresh air are not required to be provided, and even the whole waste gas treatment system 4 only needs to maintain negative pressure operation and adopt energy-saving mode management. To this end, the central controller 8 is further configured to respond to the information of the presence or absence of the experimenter, and accordingly control whether the experimenter 11 enters the energy-saving operation mode or not. In order to implement the operation management, the central controller 8 can be informed in a manual direct command manner whether an experimenter is present or not, so as to directly enter a corresponding energy-saving operation mode or a comfortable operation mode. The cabinet experiment workstation 100 may also be enabled to self-learn, sense, and start a corresponding operation mode, and the embodiment discloses that the following two information acquisition schemes are provided, which can be used selectively or in combination:
in a first scheme, an opening sensor (not shown in the figure) for detecting the opening of the movable cabinet door is further disposed on the fume hood 3, the opening sensor is in signal connection with the central controller 8, and the central controller 8 is configured to control the experimental room 11 to enter an energy-saving operation mode according to a signal transmitted by the opening sensor that the opening of the cabinet door has reached a predetermined position (e.g., a minimum opening position or other predetermined position). The opening degree sensor may be a contact position sensor or a non-contact photoelectric sensor. The door opening signal is actually a signal for determining the position of the movable door, and when the door 31 is in the lowest position, it indicates that the experimenter is about to leave or has left the experimental room 11, and does not need to continue to maintain the comfortable operation mode, and for this reason, the signal can be used by the central controller 8 as one of the factors for determining the operation mode to be used to adjust the energy consumption. The second solution is that the laboratory further comprises a personnel detector (not shown) disposed at a suitable position of the cabinet type laboratory workstation 100, the personnel detector is in signal connection with the central controller 8, and the central controller 8 is used for controlling the laboratory room 11 to enter the energy-saving operation mode by using the information that the laboratory personnel leaves and is sensed by the personnel detector. The people detector may be a sensor such as a camera-type recognizer or an infrared sensor, or may be an electronic card writer, an electric switch, a touch button, a dialog box in APP, or the like, which can express whether a person is waiting for a signal in the laboratory room 11. The improved scheme takes whether an experimenter is on duty as a center, reasonably adjusts the temperature, the waste gas concentration, the fresh air supply quantity and the like in the experimental room 11, is safe as it is and energy-saving, and when the experimenter needs to return to the experimental room 11, the central controller 8 can immediately start the fresh air system 2 and the waste gas treatment system 4 according to a personnel return instruction, so that the problems that the waste gas in the experimental room 11 exceeds the standard and the temperature is inappropriate are quickly solved.
In the case of using the workstation mode of the present embodiment, since the laboratory room 11 is relatively closed, even if the amount of the exhaust gas escaping from the position of the door window of the fume hood 3 to the laboratory room 11 exceeds the prior art standard in an extreme case, the large laboratory space that at most only pollutes the laboratory room 11 and does not spread outside damages the working environment of other laboratory personnel, the exhaust gas in the laboratory room 11 is still sucked to the exhaust gas purification unit 40 by the air suction mechanism such as the exhaust fan 44 and the like for processing, and therefore if such a situation occurs, the problem can be immediately solved quickly by controlling the fresh air system 2 and the exhaust gas treatment system 4, thereby greatly improving the safety in use.
According to the scheme, when the cabinet type experiment workstation 100 is started, various parameters and operation modes can be set through the man-machine conversation platform (or the remote APP) firstly, after receiving the setting signals and the startup command, the central controller 8 automatically adjusts the opening of the fresh air control valve 22, the exhaust air fan 44, the fresh air fan 24, the exhaust air control valve 411, the return air control valve 51, the movable cabinet door 31, and the like, enters the manual specification, or a comfortable operation mode or an energy-saving operation mode automatically adopted after the system automatically learns, and then the temperature 25 of fresh air, the rotating speed of the fresh air fan 24, the rotating speed of the exhaust fan 44 or the opening of the exhaust control valve 411 and the fresh air control valve 22 are automatically regulated and controlled according to the air pressure and the temperature in the experimental room 11 of the cabinet wall body 1, the opening of the movable cabinet door 31 of the ventilation cabinet 3 and other parameters, and even the opening of the return air control valve 51 is cooperatively controlled.
The power equipment room 12 is also provided with a power distribution cabinet 7 comprising an electric control switch and a power interface for distributing electric energy to electric equipment so as to control the electric system of the whole equipment. And secondly, a power supply such as a generator or a storage battery pack and a matched power supply inversion system can be configured. In addition, a disinfection device such as ultraviolet rays may be disposed in the laboratory room 11.
The upstream and downstream used in the present embodiment are defined in terms of the direction and order of the air fluid flow.
The cabinet type experiment workstation 100 manufactured according to the technical embodiment can be independently manufactured into a working unit which can be moved and used at any time, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, can safely work or demonstrate in all directions at any time and any place as long as an external power supply is connected, and can also be fixedly installed in the indoor space of a large-scale laboratory. Specifically, the present embodiment further provides a centralized laboratory, as shown in fig. 6, which includes a central refrigerator (not shown) of a cooling/heating dual-purpose type or a single cooling/heating type, a centralized air exhaust pipe 902, a centralized air intake pipe 903, and more than 1 of the laboratory cabinets 100 (4 of the laboratory cabinets are shown in the drawing, and the actual installation number is based on the actual requirement), and the laboratory cabinets 100 are disposed in an indoor space 900 of the centralized laboratory. The cabinet type experiment workstations 100 are distributed in the indoor space 900 of the centralized laboratory, are independent from each other in use, and do not interfere with each other. A separate refrigeration host machine 26 is not arranged in each cabinet type experiment workstation 100, but the central refrigerator is utilized, the central refrigerator is arranged outside the indoor space of the centralized laboratory, and the central refrigerator is connected with an air temperature regulator 25 in the cabinet type experiment workstation 100 through a refrigerant pipe; the centralized air inlet pipe 903 penetrates through the indoor space 900 of the centralized laboratory, the air inlet of the centralized air inlet pipe 903 is communicated with the external space of the centralized laboratory, and the air outlet of the centralized air inlet pipe is communicated with the inlet 20 of the fresh air pipeline 2 in the cabinet type experimental workstation 100; the centralized exhaust pipe 902 passes through the indoor space of the centralized laboratory, the air outlet thereof is communicated with the external space of the centralized laboratory, and the air inlet thereof is communicated with the air outlet 404 of the exhaust gas treatment system 4 in the cabinet-type experimental workstation 100.
Further, the system also comprises a centralized waste gas treatment station 901 which is installed outside the indoor space 900 of the centralized laboratory, the centralized waste gas treatment station 901 is used for treating the air exhausted or emptied by the fume hood 3, and the air outlet of the centralized exhaust pipe 902 is communicated with the centralized waste gas treatment station 901. In one of the management and control modes, when the comfortable operation mode is started or during a period before the comfortable operation mode is planned to be started, the amount of air exhausted by the fume hood 3 is greatly increased, and after centralized processing by the centralized exhaust gas treatment station 901, all the exhausted non-return air is exhausted; when the energy-saving operation mode is started, the amount of air discharged by the fume hood 3 is greatly reduced to maintain the negative pressure in the experimental room 11, and after the centralized waste gas treatment station 901 performs centralized treatment, all air is exhausted without returning air, so that the purposes of saving energy, maintaining the negative pressure in the experimental room 11 and greatly reducing the workload of the centralized waste gas treatment station 901 are achieved; or, a large amount of purified air treated by the centralized waste gas treatment station 901 is returned to the laboratory room 11, and a small amount of purified air is exhausted to maintain negative pressure, so that energy is saved and safety is good.
Further, the cabinet wall 1 of the cabinet type experiment workstation 100 is combined on the ground and constructs the experiment room 11 together with the ground.
Further, the cabinet wall 1 of the cabinet type experiment workstation 100 is combined on a roof and forms the experiment room 11 together with the roof.
In terms of air-conditioning energy consumption, a centralized air-conditioning system used in an existing centralized laboratory takes a large laboratory space as a control object, and when 1 or several fume hoods in the centralized laboratory stop working or run at a low load, the load power of a central air-conditioning and the power of an exhaust gas treatment system hardly change. However, in the centralized laboratory constructed according to the above technical contents, after each cabinet type experiment workstation 100 enters the energy-saving operation mode, the power consumption of the air conditioner and the like may even stop completely, the corresponding air conditioner load power of the central refrigerator can be immediately reduced, and the energy saving is determined. Secondly, the proportion of the space size of the plurality of cabinet type experiment workstations 100 in the indoor space of the centralized laboratory is greatly reduced, so that the temperature adjusting energy and the air purifying amount consumed by the cabinet type experiment workstations 100 are far less than the energy consumed by adjusting the temperature and the cleanliness of the whole indoor space of the centralized laboratory, and the energy-saving purpose is achieved. In addition, the cabinet type experiment workstation 100 has multiple mechanisms for preventing harmful components from escaping, and the amount of harmful components which can escape into the indoor space 900 of the centralized laboratory is far less than the national standard value and can be almost ignored, so that the whole indoor space 900 of the centralized laboratory does not need to be subjected to air conditioning of large air volume circulation air conditioning and waste gas replacement, and the energy consumption expenditure is greatly reduced.
The centralized laboratory constructed according to the above-described scheme can be constructed not only at a high speed by using the standardized cabinet type laboratory workstation 100 but also without constructing a large-scale public purification system, a central air conditioning system and a negative wind pressure control system again and incurring expensive maintenance costs. The space between the cabinet laboratory workstations 100 may be a common work space or corridor.
Claims (23)
1. The cabinet type experiment workstation comprises a cabinet wall body, wherein a closed experiment room is built in the cabinet wall body; the device is characterized by further comprising a fume hood arranged in the laboratory room, wherein an experiment table platform, an operation space positioned above the experiment table platform, a cabinet door window and a cabinet air outlet which are communicated with the operation space are constructed in the fume hood, a movable channel is reserved in the laboratory room, the movable channel is positioned on the side edge of the fume hood and used for experimenters to move back and forth, and a first access door which is convenient for the experimenters to enter and exit the movable channel is arranged on the wall body of the laboratory room; the air volume adjusting device is arranged in the air volume adjusting system, and the air volume adjusting device is used for sucking fresh air from the external space of the experimental room and providing external fresh air for the experimental room in an air volume adjustable mode; still including exhaust-gas treatment system, thereby exhaust-gas treatment system air intake intercommunication thereby not only can the suction the air in the operating space of fume chamber but also can pass through the door window suction of fume chamber the air in the laboratory room, exhaust-gas treatment system's air outlet communicates the exterior space in laboratory room, be provided with evacuation amount of wind adjusting equipment among the exhaust-gas treatment system, exhaust-gas treatment system is used for purifying the air of suction and utilizes evacuation amount of wind adjusting equipment with the adjustable mode of amount of wind with the at least partial air after purifying to the exterior space evacuation in laboratory room.
2. The cabinet laboratory workstation of claim 1 further comprising a return air line by-passing the exhaust treatment system, the return air line for directing a portion of the air purified by the exhaust treatment system back into the interior space of the laboratory room.
3. The cabinet type experiment workstation according to claim 2, wherein an air supply channel capable of supplying air to the fume hood is arranged in the fume hood, an outlet of the air return pipeline is communicated to the air supply channel, and the air return pipeline is used for guiding at least part of purified air purified by the exhaust gas purification unit to return to the fume hood.
4. The cabinet experimental workstation of claim 3, comprising a return air control valve installed in the return air duct or air supplement channel for managing the return air amount of the purified air returning to the fume hood.
5. The cabinet laboratory workstation according to claim 3, comprising an auxiliary air extractor installed in said return air duct or air supplementing channel for extracting purified air back to said fume hood.
6. The cabinet laboratory workstation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the exhaust gas treatment system comprises an exhaust gas purification unit for purifying air, the return air line being bypassed to a bifurcation of the exhaust gas treatment system, the bifurcation being located downstream of the exhaust gas purification unit.
7. The cabinet type experimental workstation of claim 6, wherein the evacuation air volume adjusting device comprises an exhaust fan, an exhaust control valve for adjusting an evacuation volume; the exhaust fan is arranged at the upstream of the bifurcation, and the exhaust control valve is arranged in the exhaust pipeline.
8. The cabinet laboratory workstation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a fresh air filter is disposed in the fresh air system, the fresh air filter being configured to filter fresh air.
9. The cabinet type experiment workstation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fresh air volume adjusting device comprises a fresh air fan and a fresh air control valve, and the fresh air fan and the fresh air control valve are used for adjusting and controlling the fresh air volume supplemented to the experiment room by the fresh air system.
10. The cabinet experimental workstation of claim 9, wherein an air temperature regulator is disposed in the fresh air system, and the air temperature regulator is used for regulating and controlling the temperature of fresh air supplied to the experimental room by the fresh air system.
11. The cabinet testing workstation of claim 10, wherein the air temperature conditioner comprises a surface air cooler for cooling air via a cooling refrigerant.
12. The cabinet type experiment workstation according to claim 11, further comprising a refrigeration host machine arranged outside the experiment room, wherein the refrigeration host machine is connected with the surface air cooler through a refrigerant pipe.
13. The cabinet laboratory workstation of claim 10 wherein the air temperature conditioner comprises an electric heater for heating air.
14. The cabinet type experiment workstation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a central controller, wherein the central controller comprises an operation mode management module, at least an energy-saving operation mode is established in the operation mode management module, and the central controller is used for responding to the information about whether an experimenter is present or not, and correspondingly controlling whether the experiment room is in the energy-saving operation mode or not; the energy-saving operation mode is a management paradigm for reducing energy consumption of the experimental room.
15. The cabinet type experiment workstation according to claim 14, wherein an opening sensor for detecting the opening degree of the movable cabinet door is further arranged on the ventilating cabinet, the opening sensor is in signal connection with the central controller, and the central controller is used for controlling the experiment room to enter an energy-saving operation mode according to a signal transmitted by the opening sensor that the opening degree of the cabinet door reaches a preset position.
16. The laboratory workstation according to claim 14, further comprising a personnel detector in signal communication with the central controller, wherein the central controller is configured to control the laboratory room to enter an energy saving mode of operation using information sensed by the personnel detector that the laboratory personnel has left.
17. The cabinet laboratory workstation of claim 14, further comprising a human-machine interface for picking up operator commands, said human-machine interface in signal communication with said central controller.
18. The cabinet experiment workstation of claim 14, further comprising a display for displaying the temperature and air pressure of the laboratory room, the display being in signal communication with the central controller.
19. The cabinet type experiment workstation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cabinet wall body and the first access door are provided with transparent observation windows for facilitating observation of experiments.
20. The cabinet type experiment workstation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a power equipment room is further constructed in the cabinet wall body, the experiment room is separated from the power equipment room by a partition wall, and a second access door for facilitating access to the power equipment room is arranged on the cabinet wall body; the power distribution cabinet is arranged between the power equipment rooms, and an electric switch is arranged in the power distribution cabinet and used for distributing electric energy to electric equipment.
21. The cabinet laboratory workstation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a transfer window is provided on a wall body of the laboratory room, said transfer window comprising two mutually locking door leaves.
22. The centralized laboratory comprises a centralized exhaust pipe, a centralized air inlet pipe and more than 1 cabinet type experiment workstation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the cabinet type experiment workstations are arranged in the indoor space of the centralized laboratory, the centralized air inlet pipe penetrates through the indoor space of the centralized laboratory, the air inlet of the centralized air inlet pipe is communicated with the external space of the centralized laboratory, and the air outlet of the centralized air inlet pipe is communicated with the inlet of a fresh air pipeline in each cabinet type experiment workstation; the centralized exhaust pipe penetrates through the indoor space of the centralized laboratory, the air outlet of the centralized exhaust pipe is communicated with the external space of the centralized laboratory, and the air inlet of the centralized exhaust pipe is communicated with the air outlet of the waste gas treatment system in each cabinet type experiment workstation.
23. The centralized laboratory of claim 22, wherein the walls of the cabinet laboratory workstation are attached to the ground and together with the ground create the laboratory room, or/and the walls of the cabinet laboratory workstation are attached to the roof and together with the roof create the laboratory room.
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| CN202110687417.XA Pending CN113441508A (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2021-06-21 | Cabinet type experiment workstation |
| CN202121378448.9U Active CN216369441U (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2021-06-21 | Cabinet type experiment workstation and centralized laboratory applied by same |
| CN202121378462.9U Active CN215570979U (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2021-06-21 | Modularized experiment workstation and centralized laboratory |
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| CN113877919A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-04 | 德之昭科技(苏州)有限公司 | Circulating self-cleaning structure fume hood |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113465071A (en) | 2021-10-01 |
| CN216369441U (en) | 2022-04-26 |
| CN215570979U (en) | 2022-01-18 |
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