CN113441383B

CN113441383B - Cotton seed screening device and screening method

Info

Publication number: CN113441383B
Application number: CN202110584015.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 缪蕾
Original assignee: JINING CITY ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Current assignee: JINING CITY ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Priority date: 2021-05-27
Filing date: 2021-05-27
Publication date: 2022-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-27
Also published as: CN113441383A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of screening devices, in particular to a cotton seed screening device and a screening method, wherein the cotton seed screening device comprises a motor, a motor shaft of the motor is connected with a rotary drum, a plurality of holes are formed in the rotary drum, a blanking device is arranged above the rotary drum, and a switch door is arranged on the rotary drum at a position corresponding to the blanking device; a collecting box I is arranged below the rotary drum; one end of the rotary drum is provided with an outlet, a collecting box II is arranged below the outlet, and the rotary drum further comprises a brush structure for flattening and an end face cam structure for moving left and right; the screening method of the cotton seeds adopts the cotton seed screening device to screen; the cotton seed screening machine is rigorous in structure and reasonable in design, the rotary drum rotates and moves left and right at the same time, the internal hairbrush flattens internal seeds, and the hairbrush and the rotary drum are reversely used, so that the cotton seed screening effect is improved.

Description

Cotton seed screening device and screening method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of screening devices, in particular to a cotton seed screening device and a screening method.

Background

The seed treatment before cotton sowing is an important technical measure for ensuring the comprehensive strong seedling and high yield and quality of cotton, wherein the seed selection process is the most important, and during seed selection, cotton seeds are spread on a table to remove broken seeds, shrunken seeds, empty seeds and the like and leave mature and full seeds which accord with the characteristics of the original seeds as good seeds. According to the determination, the emergence rate of cotton seeds can be improved by 18% after seed selection, and the yield is increased by 11.2% 3-4 days earlier.

However, most of the existing seed screening is time-consuming and labor-consuming because the seeds are manually selected one by one. Some screening devices do not pick good quality seeds well due to the accumulation of seeds. Therefore, an apparatus which can automatically select seeds and has high selection efficiency and good quality is required to perform the seed screening work.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cotton seed screening device and a screening method.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a cotton seed screening device comprises a motor, wherein a motor shaft of the motor is connected with a rotary drum, the rotary drum is provided with a plurality of holes, the size of each hole is arranged between the size of a flat seed and the size of a normal full seed, a blanking device is arranged above the rotary drum, the rotary drum is provided with an opening and closing door at a position corresponding to the blanking device, the size of the opening and closing door is not smaller than the size of an outlet of the blanking device, the opening and closing door can be opened only when the opening and closing door rotates to the uppermost position, namely the position in butt joint with the blanking device, and the opening and closing door is closed when the opening and closing door rotates to other positions; a collecting box I is arranged below the rotary drum; one end of the rotary drum is provided with an outlet, a collecting box II is arranged below the outlet, so that sundries such as shrivelled seeds or doped small stones can enter the collecting box I and normal full seeds enter the collecting box II due to the size difference between the shrivelled seeds and the normal full seeds.

The motor shaft is provided with a translation sleeve and a translation shaft, the translation sleeve and the translation shaft do not rotate relatively, one side of the translation sleeve is provided with a sliding chute, and the translation shaft is matched with the sliding chute to enable the translation shaft to freely slide in the sliding chute; the outer ring of the motor shaft is sleeved with two rotating blocks, a translation block is connected between the two rotating blocks, the two rotating blocks are sleeved on the outer ring of the motor shaft, but the translation block is not in contact with the motor shaft and only in contact with the rotating blocks, namely when the motor is started, the rotating blocks rotate along with the translation shaft, and the translation block is fixed; the bottom of the translation block is fixedly connected with a translation rod, and the bottom of the translation rod is provided with a plurality of balls which are distributed annularly and used for reducing friction; a belt wheel I is arranged on the motor shaft on the same side of the translation sleeve, the belt wheel I is connected with a belt wheel II through a belt, the belt wheel II is coaxially connected with an end face cam, and the ball and the bottom of the translation rod are positioned in an inclined groove of the end face cam; the motor shaft on the other side is connected with a spring, so that the motor shaft on the right side can reciprocate, the other end of the spring is connected with a rotating shaft sleeve, and the rotating shaft sleeve is sleeved on the outer ring of the motor shaft.

Preferably, the motor shaft is connected with a cam bracket for fixing the end cam.

Preferably, the motor shaft is connected with the rotating drum through a rotating drum frame I and a rotating drum frame II which are positioned at two sides of the rotating drum, and the rotating drum frame I and the rotating drum frame II mainly play a role in fixing.

Preferably, at least one support frame is connected to the motor shaft for supporting the motor shaft and the drum.

Preferably, the width of the drum on the side of the outlet is greater than the width on the side without the outlet, so as to facilitate the discharge of the cotton seeds.

Further, be equipped with the brush in the rotary drum, the brush passes through the brush support frame to be fixed, and the brush support frame includes a horizontal axle and the support that the multiunit annular distributes, connects the brush-holder stud portion of brush on the support, the brush support frame passes the rotary drum just is connected with power unit in one side of rotary drum, the brush support frame at the opposite side of rotary drum with rotary drum fixed connection.

Furthermore, the power mechanism comprises a gear I which is coaxially connected with the brush support frame, the gear I is meshed with two gears II which are symmetrically distributed, gear rings are meshed in the two gears II, the gear I and the gear II are fixed on the gear support plate, the gear rings and the gear II are meshed in the gear II to enable the rotation directions of the gear rings and the gear I to be the same, the gear II and the gear I are meshed outside to enable the rotation directions of the gear rings and the gear I to be opposite, and then the rotation directions of the rotary drum and the inner brush support frame are opposite.

Furthermore, the brush comprises a brush rod and brush bristles, the brush rod is connected with the brush support frame through a coil spring, the brush rod comprises a clamping piece, a spherical groove is formed in the clamping piece, and a gravity ball is placed in the spherical groove.

The invention also provides a screening method of cotton seeds, which adopts the cotton seed screening device and specifically comprises the following steps:

s1: the motor is started, the motor shaft drives the rotary drum to rotate and simultaneously drives the hairbrush to rotate, the switch door on the rotary drum is opened when the switch door on the rotary drum rotates to the position below the blanking device, and the blanking device puts cotton seeds into the rotary drum; meanwhile, the motor shaft drives the belt pulley I to rotate, further drives the belt pulley II to rotate, further drives the end face cam to rotate, the inclined groove on the end face cam drives the translation rod and the translation block to reciprocate in the horizontal direction, further drives the translation shaft to reciprocate in the sliding groove in translation, and further drives the rotary drum to reciprocate;

s2: when the brush rotates to the bottommost portion of the rotary drum, the brush is vertically downward under the action of gravity to flatten cotton seeds, and then when the brush gradually rises to a certain height, the gravity beads are taken out from the spherical grooves, so that the brush rod is transferred to the bottom to drive the coil spring to be bent, and further the brush rod and the brush bristles are driven to rotate anticlockwise around the coil spring, so that the brush is far away from the drum wall, and the cotton seeds fall. The brush continues to rotate, and the gravity bead in the clamping piece returns to the spherical groove again;

s3: other sundries such as shrivelled cotton seeds and small stones leave the rotary drum through the holes on the rotary drum and fall into the collection box I, and normal cotton seeds fall into the collection box II from the outlet through screening. .

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the motor is arranged to drive the rotary drum to rotate, the rotary drum is provided with the holes, one side of the rotary drum is provided with the outlet, and cotton seeds can be screened by the size difference between the shrunken cotton seeds and the plump cotton seeds; (2) the cotton seed screening device has the advantages that the brush is arranged in the rotary drum, and the power mechanism is arranged on one side of the rotary drum, so that the rotating direction of the brush is opposite to that of the rotary drum, cotton seeds can be flattened in the rotary drum by the brush, the cotton seeds are prevented from being accumulated in the rotary drum, and the screening effect is improved; (3) by arranging the end face cam and other structures, cotton seeds in the rotary drum can swing left and right while rotating, so that the seeds can randomly move at no time, sundries such as shrivelled seeds and stones can be screened out to the maximum extent, and the screening effect is further improved; (4) through setting up the rotary drum into the structure that one side is high one side is low, the cotton seed ejection of compact of being convenient for.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cotton seed screening apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken in the direction of a-a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken in the direction B-B in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view at C in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a gear mesh relationship diagram of the power mechanism part of the invention.

Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view at D in fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view at E in fig. 3.

Description of reference numerals:

1, a motor; 2, a motor shaft; 3, rotating the drum; 4, a blanking device; 5, opening and closing the door; 6, collecting box I; 7, a collection box II; 8, an outlet; 9 a rotary drum frame I; 10 a rotary drum frame II; 11 a support frame; 12, a brush; 13 brush supporting frames; 14 a gear I; 15 gear II; 16 gear rings; 17 a gear support plate; 18 a brush bar; 19 brush bristles; 20 clamping pieces; 21 a gravity ball; 22 a translation sleeve; 23, translating the shaft; 24 turning the block; 25, a translation block; 26 a translation rod; 27 balls; 28 belt wheels I; 29 belt pulley II; 30 end face cams; 31 a spring; 32 a rotating shaft sleeve; 33 a cam bracket; 34 a belt; 35 coil springs.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides a cotton seed screening device, which includes a motor 1, a motor shaft 2 of the motor 1 is connected to a rotating drum 3, a width of the rotating drum 3 at one side of an outlet 8 is greater than a width of the rotating drum 3 at one side without the outlet 8, a plurality of holes are formed in the rotating drum 3, a blanking device 4 is disposed above the rotating drum 3, and a switch door 5 is disposed at a position of the rotating drum 3 corresponding to the blanking device 4; a collecting box I6 is arranged below the rotary drum 3; one end of the rotary drum 3 is provided with an outlet 8, and a collecting box II7 is arranged below the outlet 8; the motor shaft 2 is connected with the rotary drum 3 through a rotary drum frame I9 and a rotary drum frame II10 which are positioned at two sides of the rotary drum 3; the motor shaft 2 is connected with 1 support frame 11.

A translation sleeve 22 and a translation shaft 23 are arranged on the motor shaft 2, a sliding groove is formed in one side of the translation sleeve 22, and the translation shaft 23 is matched with the sliding groove; the outer ring of the motor shaft 2 is sleeved with two rotating blocks 24, a translation block 25 is connected between the two rotating blocks 24, and the translation block 25 is not connected with the motor shaft 2; the bottom of the translation block 25 is fixedly connected with a translation rod 26, and the bottom of the translation rod 26 is provided with four balls 27 distributed annularly; a belt wheel I28 is arranged on the motor shaft 2 on the same side of the translation sleeve 22, a belt wheel II29 is connected with the belt wheel I28 through a belt 34, an end cam 30 is coaxially connected with the belt wheel II29, and the bottoms of the four balls 27 and the translation rod 26 are positioned in an inclined groove of the end cam 30; the motor shaft 2 on the other side is connected with a spring 31, the other end of the spring 31 is connected with a rotating shaft sleeve 32, and the rotating shaft sleeve 32 is sleeved on the outer ring of the motor shaft 2; the motor shaft 2 is connected with a cam bracket 33.

Specifically, be equipped with brush 12 in the rotary drum 3, brush 12 is equipped with the multiunit in rotary drum 3, and each group 4 uses the horizontal axle of brush support frame 13 to distribute as the centre of a circle annular, and brush 12 is fixed through brush support frame 13, and brush support frame 13 passes rotary drum 3 and is connected with power unit in one side of rotary drum 3, and brush support frame 13 is at the opposite side and the 3 fixed connection of rotary drum 3.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the power mechanism includes a gear I14 coaxially connected with the brush support frame 13, the gear I14 is engaged with two symmetrically distributed gears II15, the two gears II15 are engaged with the gear ring 16, the gear I14 and the gear II15 are fixed on the gear support plate 17, and the engagement relationship between the gear I14, the two gears II15 and the gear ring 16 is shown in fig. 5.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the brush comprises a brush rod 18 and bristles 19, the brush rod 18 is connected with the brush support frame 13 through a coil spring 35, the brush rod 18 comprises a clamping piece 20, a spherical groove is arranged on the clamping piece 20, and a gravity ball 21 is placed in the spherical groove.

The embodiment further provides a screening method of cotton seeds, and the cotton seed screening device specifically comprises the following steps:

s1: the motor 1 is started, the motor shaft 2 drives the rotary drum 3 to rotate and simultaneously drives the hairbrush 12 to rotate, when the switch door 5 on the rotary drum 3 rotates to the position below the blanking device 4, the switch door 5 is opened, and cotton seeds are thrown in the blanking device 4 and enter the rotary drum 3; meanwhile, the motor shaft 2 drives the belt pulley I28 to rotate, and further drives the belt pulley II29 to rotate, and further drives the end cam 30 to rotate, the inclined groove on the end cam 30 drives the translation rod 26 and the translation block 25 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction, and further drives the translation shaft 23 to reciprocate in the sliding groove in translation, and further drives the rotary drum 3 to reciprocate;

s2: when the brush 12 rotates to the bottom of the drum 3, the brush 12 is in the state shown in fig. 6, the brush 12 is vertically downward under the action of gravity to flatten the cotton seeds, and then when the brush 12 gradually rises to a certain height, the gravity ball 21 is taken out from the spherical groove, so that the brush rod 18 is transferred to the bottom, the coil spring 35 is driven to bend, the brush rod 18 and the bristles 19 are driven to rotate anticlockwise around the coil spring 35, the brush 12 is far away from the drum wall, and the cotton seeds fall down as shown in fig. 7. The brush 12 continues to rotate, and the gravity ball 21 in the clamping piece 20 returns to the spherical groove again;

s3: the shrivelled cotton seeds and other impurities such as small stones leave the rotary drum 3 through the holes in the rotary drum 3 and fall into the collection box I6, and the normal cotton seeds are screened and fall into the collection box II7 from the outlet 8.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cotton seed screening device comprises a motor (1), wherein a motor shaft (2) of the motor (1) is connected with a rotary drum (3), a plurality of holes are formed in the rotary drum (3), a blanking device (4) is arranged above the rotary drum (3), and a switch door (5) is arranged on the rotary drum (3) corresponding to the blanking device (4); a collecting box I (6) is arranged below the rotary drum (3); an outlet (8) is formed in one end of the rotary drum (3), and a collecting box II (7) is arranged below the outlet (8), and the rotary drum is characterized in that a translation sleeve (22) and a translation shaft (23) are arranged on the motor shaft (2), a sliding groove is formed in one side of the translation sleeve (22), and the translation shaft (23) is matched with the sliding groove; the outer ring of the motor shaft (2) is sleeved with two rotating blocks (24), and a translation block (25) is connected between the two rotating blocks (24); the bottom of the translation block (25) is fixedly connected with a translation rod (26), and the bottom of the translation rod (26) is provided with a plurality of balls (27) which are distributed annularly; a belt wheel I (28) is arranged on the motor shaft (2) on the same side of the translation sleeve (22), the belt wheel I (28) is connected with a belt wheel II (29) through a belt (34), the belt wheel II (29) is coaxially connected with an end face cam (30), and the bottoms of the ball (27) and the translation rod (26) are positioned in an inclined groove of the end face cam (30); the motor shaft (2) on the other side is connected with a spring (31), the other end of the spring (31) is connected with a rotating shaft sleeve (32), and the rotating shaft sleeve (32) is sleeved on the outer ring of the motor shaft (2);

a brush (12) is arranged in the rotary drum (3), the brush (12) is fixed through a brush support frame (13), the brush support frame (13) penetrates through the rotary drum (3) and is connected with a power mechanism on one side of the rotary drum (3), and the brush support frame (13) is fixedly connected with the rotary drum (3) on the other side of the rotary drum (3);

the power mechanism comprises a gear I (14) coaxially connected with the brush supporting frame (13), the gear I (14) is meshed with two symmetrically distributed gears II (15), the two gears II (15) are meshed with a gear ring (16), and the gear I (14) and the gear II (15) are fixed on a gear supporting plate (17);

the brush comprises a brush rod (18) and brush bristles (19), the brush rod (18) is connected with the brush support frame (13) through a coil spring (35), the brush rod (18) comprises a clamping piece (20), a spherical groove is formed in the clamping piece (20), and a gravity ball (21) is placed in the spherical groove.

2. A cotton seed screening apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said motor shaft (2) is connected to said drum (3) by a drum frame I (9) and a drum frame II (10) located on either side of the drum (3).

3. A cotton seed screening apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one support frame (11) is attached to the motor shaft (2).

4. The cotton seed screening apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a cam bracket (33) is connected to the motor shaft (2).

5. A cotton seed screening apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the drum (3) is greater on the side of the outlet (8) than on the side without the outlet (8).

6. A screening method of cotton seeds is characterized in that the screening device of cotton seeds in any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, and the screening method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1: the motor (1) is started, the motor shaft (2) drives the rotary drum (3) to rotate and simultaneously drives the brush (12) to rotate, the switch door (5) on the rotary drum (3) is opened when the switch door (5) rotates to the position below the blanking device (4), and cotton seeds are thrown in the blanking device (4) and enter the rotary drum (3); meanwhile, the motor shaft (2) drives the belt wheel I (28) to rotate so as to drive the belt wheel II (29) to rotate so as to drive the end face cam (30) to rotate, the inclined groove on the end face cam (30) drives the translation rod (26) and the translation block (25) to reciprocate in the horizontal direction so as to drive the translation shaft (23) to reciprocate in the sliding groove in translation, and further drive the rotary drum (3) to reciprocate;

s2: when the brush (12) rotates to the bottommost part of the rotary drum (3), the brush (12) vertically downwards moves under the action of gravity to flatten cotton seeds, and then when the brush (12) gradually rises to a certain height, the gravity ball (21) falls out from the spherical groove, so that the brush rod (18) is transferred to the bottom, the coil spring (35) is driven to bend, the brush rod (18) and the bristles (19) are further driven to anticlockwise rotate around the coil spring (35), the brush (12) is far away from the drum wall, the cotton seeds fall, the brush (12) continuously rotates, and the gravity ball (21) in the clamping piece (20) returns to the spherical groove again;

s3: the shrivelled cotton seeds, small stones and other impurities leave the rotary drum (3) through holes in the rotary drum (3) and fall into the collection box I (6), and the normal cotton seeds fall into the collection box II (7) from the outlet (8) through screening.