CN113437393A

CN113437393A - Cold drawing structure, battery cold drawing and battery thermal management system

Info

Publication number: CN113437393A
Application number: CN202110878137.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谭思聪; 王涛; 郭聪; 姜玉雁; 李志刚; 蔡浩飞
Original assignee: Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of CAS
Priority date: 2021-07-30
Filing date: 2021-07-30
Publication date: 2021-09-24

Abstract

The invention provides a cold plate structure, a battery cold plate and a battery thermal management system, wherein the cold plate structure comprises a cold plate body and an anti-reflux structure; the cold plate body is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end which are arranged oppositely, at least one fluid channel is formed in the cold plate body, the fluid channel comprises two main channel sections and an anti-backflow channel section positioned between the two main channel sections, the two main channel sections respectively penetrate through the inlet end and the outlet end, and the fluid channel conveys fluid from the inlet end to the outlet end; the anti-reflux structure is arranged on the anti-reflux channel section and used for preventing the fluid from flowing back from the outlet end to the inlet end. Fluid flows from the inlet end to the outlet end so as to be convenient for thermal cycle, the fluid channel comprises an anti-reflux channel section, and the anti-reflux channel section is provided with anti-reflux structure fluid which prevents the fluid from flowing backwards through the anti-reflux structure when the anti-reflux trend from the outlet end to the inlet end is generated, so that the normal work of the cold plate is ensured.

Description

Cold drawing structure, battery cold drawing and battery thermal management system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal management, in particular to a cold plate structure, a battery cold plate and a battery thermal management system.

Background

In recent years, the proportion of new energy such as wind energy, solar energy and the like in the current energy structure is gradually increased, and stored energy is paid more attention and applied as a key technology in the new energy. The lithium battery stores energy as a way of storing energy, and has the advantages of small limitation on application conditions, high safety, low technical difficulty, high energy density and the like, and the application range is wide. In addition, in the transportation field, pure electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles using lithium batteries as power storage and utilization carriers are being vigorously developed, and the performance and service life of lithium ion batteries are closely related to the temperature no matter whether the batteries are energy storage batteries or electric vehicle batteries, and the performance and service life of the batteries are seriously affected by overhigh and overlow battery temperature or uneven temperature distribution.

The battery thermal management system generally has the modes of air cooling, liquid cooling, direct cooling of a refrigerant and the like; the air-cooled convection heat transfer coefficient is too low, the cooling capacity is very limited, and the influence of the external environment temperature is large; the liquid-cooled cooling system is heavy and relatively complex; the refrigerant direct cooling technology utilizes the principle of latent heat of evaporation of refrigerant (such as R134a and the like) to establish an air conditioning system in a whole vehicle or a battery system, an evaporator of the air conditioning system is installed in the battery system, the refrigerant evaporates in the evaporator and takes away heat of the battery system quickly and efficiently, and therefore cooling of the battery system is completed.

However, since the direct cooling technology takes away heat by means of phase change of the refrigerant, latent heat of the phase change is very large relative to sensible heat of liquid, so that the amount of fluid entering the cold plate is very small relative to liquid cooling in direct cooling of the refrigerant, and if the flow distribution difference between different channels or different cold plates is slightly large, dry burning is likely to occur to the channels or the cold plates, and the heat exchange coefficient is reduced sharply due to the dry burning, so that the battery is overheated. Therefore, one of the core problems faced by the limited popularization and application of the refrigerant direct cooling technology is the backflow caused by unstable flow, which leads to uneven flow distribution and the dry burning problem caused thereby. The problem of flow instability is that bubbles are generated after the phase change of the working medium in the channel, the gas density after the phase change is far less than that of liquid, the volume is rapidly increased, the gas expands towards the two ends of the flow channel, and the pressure in the flow channel is suddenly increased, so that the blockage of the liquid working medium in the flow channel is caused. For parallel cold plates or channels, the pressure fluctuations from this instability cause the majority of the liquid to flow into one channel, while the end of the channel where the least liquid is present will dry out, causing a sharp rise in the cell temperature. Therefore, designing the cold plate with the flow instability inhibiting structure to improve the distribution uniformity of the fluid in the channel is an important link for promoting the development and application of the direct cooling technology.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a cold plate structure, a battery cold plate and a battery thermal management system, and aims to solve the problem of backflow caused by unstable flow in the cold plate.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cold plate structure, comprising:

the cold plate body is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end which are arranged oppositely, at least one fluid channel is formed in the cold plate body, the fluid channel comprises two main channel sections and an anti-backflow channel section positioned between the two main channel sections, the two main channel sections respectively penetrate through the inlet end and the outlet end, and the fluid channel conveys fluid from the inlet end to the outlet end; and the number of the first and second groups,

and the anti-reflux structure is arranged on the anti-reflux channel section and used for preventing the fluid from flowing back from the outlet end to the inlet end.

Optionally, the backflow preventing channel section comprises a first flow channel, the axis direction of the first flow channel and the axis direction of the main channel section are obliquely arranged, and two ends of the first flow channel are communicated to the two main channel sections;

the anti-reflux structure comprises:

the second flow channel is arranged at an interval with the first flow channel, and one end of the second flow channel, which is close to the outlet end, is obliquely arranged towards the first flow channel and is communicated into the first flow channel; and the number of the first and second groups,

and the two ends of the connecting flow channel are respectively communicated to the ends, close to the inlet end, of the first flow channel and the second flow channel.

Optionally, the number of the first flow channels is multiple, the multiple first flow channels are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the fluid channel, and two adjacent first flow channels are arranged in a mutually communicated manner;

the backflow prevention structure is provided with a plurality of first flow passages corresponding to the first flow passages.

Optionally, the second flow channel and the first flow channel which is adjacently arranged and located at one side close to the outlet end are coaxially arranged.

Optionally, the diameter of the first flow passage is equal to the diameter of the main passage section; and/or (c) and/or,

the diameter of the second flow passage is smaller than that of the first flow passage.

Optionally, the backflow prevention channel section includes two shunt channels arranged in parallel and a shunt block located between the two shunt channels;

the side wall surface of the shunting block facing the inlet end is provided with two guide inclined planes corresponding to the two shunting runners, and the side wall surface of the shunting block facing the outlet end is concavely provided with a resistance groove.

Optionally, the resistance grooves are provided in plurality, and the resistance grooves are arranged at intervals along the parallel direction of the two shunt runners.

Optionally, the guide slope is arranged in an arc shape.

The present invention also provides a battery cold plate comprising:

a feed tube having a plurality of feed ports;

the material receiving pipe is provided with a plurality of material receiving ports corresponding to the material feeding ports; and the number of the first and second groups,

the cold plate structure is the cold plate structure;

wherein, cold plate structure corresponds the pay-off mouth and is provided with a plurality ofly, and in each cold plate structure, two main channel sections correspond respectively and communicate to pay-off mouth and material receiving mouth.

The invention also provides a battery thermal management system, comprising:

a compressor;

the condenser is communicated into the compressor;

the expansion valve is communicated to the inside of the condenser; and the number of the first and second groups,

the battery cold plate is the battery cold plate, the feeding pipe is communicated to the inside of the expansion valve, and the receiving pipe is communicated to the inside of the compressor.

In the technical scheme provided by the invention, the fluid channel is arranged in the cold plate body, fluid flows from the inlet end to the outlet end so as to facilitate thermal circulation, the fluid channel comprises the backflow prevention channel section, the backflow prevention structure is arranged on the backflow prevention channel section, and when the fluid in the fluid channel section has a backflow tendency from the outlet end to the inlet end due to various factors, the backflow of the fluid is prevented by the backflow prevention structure, so that the cold plate body is prevented from being burnt due to backflow, and the normal work of the cold plate is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a cold plate configuration provided in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a cold plate configuration provided in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a cold plate configuration provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a cold plate configuration provided in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fifth embodiment of a cold plate configuration provided by the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a battery cold plate including the cold plate structure shown in fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of an embodiment of a thermal management system of a battery according to the invention, the thermal management system including the battery cold plate of fig. 6.

The reference numbers illustrate:

reference numerals	Name (R)	Reference numerals	Name (R)
				1000	Battery cold plate	21	Second flow passage 21
100	Cold plate structure	22	Connecting flow passage
				1	Cold plate body	200	Feeding pipe
11	Main channel section	300	Material receiving pipe
				12	Anti-reflux channel section	2000	Compressor
121	First flow channel	3000	Condenser
				122	Flow dividing channel	4000	Expansion valve
123	Shunting block

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that, if directional indication is involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indication is only used for explaining the relative positional relationship, the motion situation, and the like between the components in a certain posture, and if the certain posture is changed, the directional indication is changed accordingly.

In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a thermal management system, which comprises a battery cold plate, wherein the battery cold plate comprises a cold plate structure, and the invention is applicable to any battery cold plate comprising the cold plate structure and any thermal management system comprising the battery cold plate, wherein fig. 1 to 7 are an embodiment provided by the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides a cold plate structure 100, which includes a cold plate body 1 and a backflow prevention structure; the cold plate body 1 is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end which are arranged oppositely, at least one fluid channel is formed in the cold plate body 1, the fluid channel comprises two main channel sections 11 and an anti-backflow channel section 12 positioned between the two main channel sections 11, the two main channel sections respectively penetrate through the inlet end and the outlet end, and the fluid channel conveys fluid from the inlet end to the outlet end; the anti-backflow structure is disposed in the anti-backflow channel section 12 for preventing the fluid from flowing backward from the outlet end to the inlet end.

In the technical scheme provided by the invention, a fluid channel is arranged in the cold plate body 1, fluid flows from the inlet end to the outlet end so as to facilitate thermal circulation, the fluid channel comprises a backflow prevention channel section 12, and the backflow prevention channel section 12 is provided with a backflow prevention structure, so that when the fluid in the backflow prevention channel section 12 tends to flow from the outlet end to the inlet end due to various factors, the backflow of the fluid is blocked by the backflow prevention structure, the cold plate body 1 is further ensured not to be subjected to dry burning and the like due to the backflow, and the normal work of the cold plate is ensured.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the backflow prevention channel section 12 includes a first flow channel 121, an axial direction of the first flow channel 121 is inclined to an axial direction of the main channel section 11, and two ends of the first flow channel 121 are communicated to the two main channel sections 11; the backflow preventing structure comprises a second flow passage 21 and a connecting flow passage 22; the second flow channel 21 and the first flow channel 121 are arranged at an interval, one end of the second flow channel 21 close to the outlet end is inclined towards the first flow channel 121 and communicated into the first flow channel 121, the connecting flow channel 22 is arranged in an arc shape, and two ends of the connecting flow channel 22 are respectively communicated to the first flow channel 121 and one end of the second flow channel 21 close to the inlet end. In this embodiment, when the fluid flows from the inlet end to the outlet end, the flow resistance is small, and the fluid flows along the first flow channel 121, however, when the fluid has a tendency of reverse flow, the fluid will enter the first flow channel 121 and the second flow channel 21 at the same time when the fluid flows reversely, and flow into the first flow channel 121 through the connecting flow channel 22, and the fluid flowing out of the connecting flow channel 22 interferes with the fluid flowing reversely in the first flow channel 121, so that the resistance against reverse flow is increased, and a tesla valve structure is formed, thereby realizing automatic reverse flow prevention of the reverse flow prevention channel section 12.

Furthermore, a plurality of first flow channels 121 are arranged, the plurality of first flow channels 121 are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the fluid channel, and two adjacent first flow channels 121 are arranged in a mutually communicated manner; the backflow prevention structure is provided in plurality corresponding to the plurality of first flow channels 121. By providing the plurality of first flow channels 121 and the backflow prevention structure in the extending direction of the fluid passage, the backflow prevention effect is improved, and the backflow of the fluid is further prevented.

It should be noted that, the plurality of first flow channels 121 are all disposed in an inclined manner with respect to the main channel section 11, and the plurality of first flow channels 121 may be in the same plane or may be disposed in different planes, in this embodiment, the plurality of first flow channels 121 are in the same plane.

Similarly, the backflow prevention structures may be in the same plane, or may be disposed in different planes, and in this embodiment, the backflow prevention structures are in the same plane.

Further, the second flow channel 21 is coaxially disposed with the first flow channel 121 disposed adjacently and on the side close to the outlet end. When the reverse flow occurs, the fluid in the first flow channel 121 can preferentially enter the second flow channel 21, and the fluid is prevented from entering the first flow channel 121 close to the inlet end in the reverse flow manner, so that the reverse flow prevention effect is further enhanced.

In this embodiment, the diameter of the first flow channel 121 is equal to the diameter of the main channel section 11 so as to minimize the fluid resistance downstream along the inlet end to the outlet end.

On the other hand, the diameter of the second flow path 21 is set smaller than the diameter of the first flow path 121. Facilitating increased fluid resistance in the event of reverse flow along the outlet end toward the inlet end.

It should be noted that, in the two related technical features of the diameter setting of the first flow passage 121 and the diameter setting of the second flow passage 21, they may alternatively exist, and electricity may exist at the same time, and obviously, the technical effect brought by the simultaneous existence is the best.

Referring to fig. 3, in another embodiment of the present invention, the backflow-preventing channel section 12 includes two shunt runners 122 disposed in parallel and a shunt block 123 disposed between the two shunt runners 122; two guide inclined planes are arranged on the side wall surface of the shunting block 123 facing the inlet end corresponding to the two shunting flow channels 122, and a resistance groove is concavely arranged on the side wall surface of the shunting block 123 facing the outlet end. When fluid flows from the inlet end to the outlet end, the flow resistance is reduced through the guide inclined surface, so that the fluid can flow forward conveniently, however, when the fluid has a counter flow trend, in the process of flowing from the outlet end to the inlet end, the fluid can firstly impact the resistance groove and disturb the counter flow fluid in the diversion channel 122 along the resistance groove, so that the counter flow fluid resistance is increased, and the counter flow of the fluid is prevented.

Further, referring to fig. 4, a plurality of resistance grooves are provided, and the plurality of resistance grooves are arranged at intervals along the parallel direction of the two diversion channels 122. By providing a plurality of resistance slots, the fluid resistance in the reverse flow from the outlet end to the inlet end is further disturbed.

In addition, referring to fig. 5, in another embodiment of the present invention, the guiding inclined plane is disposed in an arc shape. Further reducing drag when there is an inlet end downstream of the outlet end.

Referring to fig. 6, the present invention further provides a battery cold plate 1000, which includes the cold plate structure 100, and the battery cold plate 1000 includes all technical features of the cold plate structure 100, so that the battery cold plate has technical effects brought by all the technical features, and details are not repeated herein.

The battery cold plate 1000 further comprises a feeding pipe 200 and a receiving pipe 300; the feed tube 200 has a plurality of feed ports; the material receiving pipe 300 is provided with a plurality of material receiving ports corresponding to the material feeding ports; wherein, cold plate structure 100 corresponds the pay-off mouth and is provided with a plurality ofly, and in each cold plate structure 100, two main channel sections 11 correspond respectively and communicate to pay-off mouth and material receiving mouth. Be provided with a plurality of cold plate structures 100 in battery cold plate 1000 for battery cold plate 1000's cooling effect is best, and the area of coverage is bigger, guarantees the cooling to whole battery, prevents to lead to the battery overheated inadequately because the refrigerated area.

Further, referring to fig. 7, the present invention also provides a battery thermal management system, which includes the above-mentioned battery cold plate 1000, and the battery thermal management system includes all technical features of the battery cold plate 1000, so that the battery thermal management system also has technical effects brought by all the technical features, and details are not repeated herein.

The battery thermal management system further comprises a compressor 2000, a condenser 3000 and an expansion valve 4000; the condenser 3000 communicates with the compressor 2000; the expansion valve 4000 is communicated to the condenser 3000; the feeding pipe 200 is connected to the expansion valve 4000, and the receiving pipe 300 is connected to the compressor 2000. So that the battery cold plate 1000 completes the cycle heat absorption.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cold plate structure, comprising:

and the backflow prevention structure is arranged on the backflow prevention channel section and used for preventing the backflow of the fluid from the outlet end to the inlet end.

2. The cold plate structure of claim 1, wherein said backflow prevention passage section comprises a first flow passage having an axial direction inclined from an axial direction of said main passage section, both ends of said first flow passage being communicated to both of said main passage sections;

the backflow prevention structure includes:

the second flow channel is arranged at an interval with the first flow channel, and one end of the second flow channel, which is close to the outlet end, is obliquely arranged towards the first flow channel and communicated into the first flow channel; and the number of the first and second groups,

and the two ends of the connecting flow channel are respectively communicated to the first flow channel and one end of the second flow channel, which is close to the inlet end.

3. The cold plate structure of claim 2, wherein the first flow passages are provided in a plurality, the first flow passages are arranged at intervals along an extending direction of the fluid passages, and two adjacent first flow passages are arranged to be communicated with each other;

the backflow prevention structure is provided with a plurality of backflow prevention structures corresponding to the first flow channel.

4. The cold plate structure of claim 3, wherein said second flow passage is coaxially disposed with said first flow passage disposed adjacent and on a side thereof adjacent to said outlet end.

5. The cold plate structure of claim 2, wherein the first flow passage has a diameter equal to a diameter of the primary channel segment; and/or (c) and/or,

the diameter of the second flow channel is smaller than that of the first flow channel.

6. The cold plate structure of claim 1, wherein said anti-backflow channel segment comprises two diverter flow channels arranged in parallel and a diverter block between said two diverter flow channels;

the shunting block orientation corresponds two on the lateral wall face of entry end the shunting runner is provided with two direction inclined planes, the shunting block orientation the lateral wall face of exit end is the concave resistance groove that is equipped with.

7. The cold plate structure of claim 6, wherein said resistance groove is provided in plurality, and a plurality of said resistance grooves are provided at intervals in a parallel direction of two of said divided flow paths.

8. The cold plate structure of claim 6, wherein said directing ramps are arcuately disposed.

9. A battery cold plate, comprising:

a feed tube having a plurality of feed ports;

a cold plate structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8;

the cold plate structure is provided with a plurality of feeding ports corresponding to the feeding ports, and in each cold plate structure, the two main channel sections are respectively communicated to the feeding ports and the receiving ports correspondingly.

10. A battery thermal management system, comprising:

a compressor;

the condenser is communicated into the compressor;

the battery cold plate as claimed in claim 9, wherein the feeding pipe is communicated to the inside of the expansion valve, and the receiving pipe is communicated to the inside of the compressor.