CN113430437A - High-strength cast magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength cast magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113430437A CN113430437A CN202110617225.1A CN202110617225A CN113430437A CN 113430437 A CN113430437 A CN 113430437A CN 202110617225 A CN202110617225 A CN 202110617225A CN 113430437 A CN113430437 A CN 113430437A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1005—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0036—Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof
Abstract
The invention relates to a metal alloy, in particular to a high-strength cast magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof, the high-strength cast magnesium alloy consists of Mg, Al, Mn, modified diatomite, modified ceramic powder and Ti, the weight percentage composition of the high-strength cast magnesium alloy is A19 parts, Mn1.1 parts, 3 parts of modified diatomite, 3 parts of modified ceramic powder and Ti0.5 part, and the rest is Mg and inevitable impurities, and the hardness, toughness and strength are greatly improved by adding the modified ceramic powder and the modified diatomite.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a metal alloy, in particular to a high-strength cast magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of global economy, how to reduce energy consumption, improve resource utilization, reduce environmental pollution and save limited resources is a very urgent problem for all human beings, and the light weight of products provides a very effective way for solving the problem. The magnesium alloy has the advantages of low density, high specific strength and specific stiffness, good damping and shock absorbing performance, good electromagnetic shielding performance, excellent machining performance and the like, is known as a green engineering material in the 21 st century, is a resource with high utilization value, and is widely applied to the fields of automobile industry, communication electronics, aerospace and the like.
However, the material of the existing magnesium alloy cannot simultaneously improve the hardness, toughness and strength, and cannot meet the requirements of people.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a high strength cast magnesium alloy and a method for preparing the same, which solves the above problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the high-strength cast magnesium alloy consists of Mg, Al, Mn, modified diatomite, modified ceramic powder and Ti, and consists of Al5-25 weight portions, Mn0.5-2 weight portions, modified diatomite 2-4 weight portions, modified ceramic powder 2-3 weight portions, Ti0.001-1 weight portion, and Mg and inevitable impurity for the rest.
As a further scheme of the invention: the magnesium alloy consists of Mg, Al, Mn, modified diatomite, modified ceramic powder and Ti, and the magnesium alloy comprises, by weight, 8-21 parts of Al, 0.8-1.4 parts of Mn, 3 parts of modified diatomite, 3 parts of modified ceramic powder and 0.5 part of Ti, and the balance of Mg and inevitable impurities.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the magnesium alloy consists of Mg, Al, Mn, modified diatomite, modified ceramic powder and Ti, and the magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight of A19 parts, Mn1.1 parts, 3 parts of modified diatomite, 3 parts of modified ceramic powder, Ti0.5 part, and the balance of Mg and inevitable impurities.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the preparation method of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps:
s1: pre-modifying the diatomite by using a nitric acid solution;
s2: carrying out secondary modification on the pre-modified diatomite by using a ferric nitrate solution;
s3: and dispersing and mixing the calcium-titanium mineral substance and the secondary modified diatomite through airflow to obtain the final modified diatomite.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the specific method of S3 is as follows: molybdenum nitrate, manganese nitrate, nickel nitrate and ruthenium nitrate are mixed according to the weight ratio of 60-100: 5-20: 10-30: 10-30 ℃, synthesizing a calcium-titanium mineral substance at 350-600 ℃, and dispersing and mixing the calcium-titanium mineral substance and the secondary modified diatomite through airflow to obtain the modified diatomite.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the preparation method of the modified ceramic powder comprises the following steps:
s1: taking ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer according to parts by weight, cleaning and crushing to prepare powder;
s2: placing ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer powder into a high-speed stirrer, stirring at 800 rpm for 5-10 minutes, mixing and stirring, adding a plasticizer, a foaming agent and a corrosion inhibitor, stirring to a viscous state, and preferably, no particles are seen;
s3: placing the viscous substance in a reaction vat, adding water, stirring, adding chelating agent, mixing, and stirring at 60-80 deg.C;
s4: adding the uniformly mixed materials into a double-screw extruder, wherein the processing temperature of the double-screw extruder is as follows: the temperature of the first zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 230 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of the fifth zone is 215 ℃, the temperature of the sixth zone is 225 ℃, the temperature of the seventh zone is 235 ℃, the temperature of the eighth zone is 240 ℃, and the rotating speed of the main engine is 320 revolutions per minute;
s5: and cooling and drawing the strips after extrusion, and air-drying and granulating to prepare the modified ceramic powder.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the chelating agent is one or more of HEDP, phytic acid and tannic acid;
and/or the corrosion inhibitor is one or more of dodecyl bis hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium chloride, urea, thiourea, rhodine and benzotriazole.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the plasticizer is one or more of dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, dinonyl phthalate or dioctyl terephthalate;
and/or the foaming agent is one or more of lauryl sodium sulfate (K12), fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate (AES), rosin soap foaming agent and animal and vegetable protein foaming agent.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing modified diatomite;
s2, preparing modified ceramic powder;
s3, taking raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise: mg, Al, Mn, modified diatomite, modified ceramic powder and Ti;
s4, removing oxide skins on the surfaces of Mg, Al, Mn and Ti, and preheating the raw materials to 300 ℃;
s5, preheating the crucible to 550 ℃, adding the crucible into an Mg furnace, heating to 740 ℃, and introducing mixed gas of SF6 and CO2 in a volume ratio of 1:200 as protective gas;
s6, adding Al, Mn and Ti preheated to 300 ℃ after Mg is completely melted, and uniformly stirring; after the stirring is finished, heating the furnace temperature to 780 ℃, adding the zirconium source preheated to 300 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain molten metal;
and S7, cooling the molten metal to 750 ℃, adding the modified ceramic powder and the modified diatomite, and introducing 30S of argon gas for dehydrogenation to obtain the high-strength cast magnesium alloy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the high-strength cast magnesium alloy, the modified ceramic powder and the modified diatomite are added, so that the hardness, toughness and strength of the magnesium alloy are greatly improved, the problems that the hardness, toughness and strength cannot be improved and the requirements of people cannot be met due to the fact that the existing magnesium alloy is made of materials are solved.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
First, modified diatomaceous earth was prepared: pre-modifying diatomite with a nitric acid solution, performing secondary modification on the pre-modified diatomite with an iron nitrate solution, and mixing molybdenum nitrate, manganese nitrate, nickel nitrate and ruthenium nitrate according to a weight ratio of 60-100: 5-20: 10-30: 10-30 ℃, synthesizing a calcium-titanium mineral substance at 350-600 ℃, and dispersing and mixing the calcium-titanium mineral substance and the secondary modified diatomite through airflow to obtain modified diatomite; then, preparing modified ceramic powder: taking ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer according to parts by weight, cleaning and crushing to prepare powder, placing the ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer powder in a high-speed stirrer to be stirred for 5-10 minutes at 800 r/min for mixing and stirring, adding plasticizer, foaming agent and corrosion inhibitor, stirring to be in a viscous state, wherein no particulate matter is visible, placing the viscous substance in a reaction vat, adding water for stirring, simultaneously adding chelating agent, continuously stirring at 60-80 ℃ after uniform mixing, adding uniformly mixed materials into a double-screw extruder, and processing temperature of the double-screw extruder: the temperature of a first zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of a second zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of a third zone is 230 ℃, the temperature of a fourth zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of a fifth zone is 215 ℃, the temperature of a sixth zone is 225 ℃, the temperature of a seventh zone is 235 ℃, the temperature of an eighth zone is 240 ℃, the rotating speed of a main engine is 320 revolutions per minute, and after extrusion, the modified ceramic powder is prepared by cooling, drawing, air drying and granulating; taking raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise: a19g, Mn1.1g, 3g of modified diatomite, 3g of modified ceramic powder and Ti0.5g, removing oxide skins on the surfaces of Mg, Al, Mn and Ti, preheating the raw materials to 300 ℃, preheating a crucible to 550 ℃, adding a Mg furnace, raising the temperature to 740 ℃, introducing mixed gas of SF6 and CO2 in a volume ratio of 1:200 as protective gas, adding the Al, Mn and Ti preheated to 300 ℃ after Mg is completely melted, and uniformly stirring; and after the stirring is finished, heating the furnace temperature to 780 ℃, adding the zirconium source preheated to 300 ℃, uniformly stirring to obtain molten metal, cooling the molten metal to 750 ℃, adding modified ceramic powder and modified diatomite, and introducing 30s of argon gas into the molten metal for dehydrogenation to obtain the high-strength cast magnesium alloy.
Example 2
First, modified diatomaceous earth was prepared: pre-modifying diatomite with a nitric acid solution, performing secondary modification on the pre-modified diatomite with an iron nitrate solution, and mixing molybdenum nitrate, manganese nitrate, nickel nitrate and ruthenium nitrate according to a weight ratio of 60-100: 5-20: 10-30: 10-30 ℃, synthesizing a calcium-titanium mineral substance at 350-600 ℃, and dispersing and mixing the calcium-titanium mineral substance and the secondary modified diatomite through airflow to obtain modified diatomite; then, preparing modified ceramic powder: taking ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer according to parts by weight, cleaning and crushing to prepare powder, placing the ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer powder in a high-speed stirrer to be stirred for 5-10 minutes at 800 r/min for mixing and stirring, adding plasticizer, foaming agent and corrosion inhibitor, stirring to be in a viscous state, wherein no particulate matter is visible, placing the viscous substance in a reaction vat, adding water for stirring, simultaneously adding chelating agent, continuously stirring at 60-80 ℃ after uniform mixing, adding uniformly mixed materials into a double-screw extruder, and processing temperature of the double-screw extruder: the temperature of a first zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of a second zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of a third zone is 230 ℃, the temperature of a fourth zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of a fifth zone is 215 ℃, the temperature of a sixth zone is 225 ℃, the temperature of a seventh zone is 235 ℃, the temperature of an eighth zone is 240 ℃, the rotating speed of a main engine is 320 revolutions per minute, and after extrusion, the modified ceramic powder is prepared by cooling, drawing, air drying and granulating; taking raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise: a18g, Mn0.8g, modified diatomite 3g, modified ceramic powder 3g and Ti0.5g, removing oxide skins on the surfaces of Mg, Al, Mn and Ti, preheating the raw materials to 300 ℃, preheating a crucible to 550 ℃, adding a Mg furnace, raising the temperature to 740 ℃, introducing mixed gas of SF6 and CO2 in a volume ratio of 1:200 as protective gas, adding the Al, Mn and Ti preheated to 300 ℃ after Mg is completely melted, and uniformly stirring; and after the stirring is finished, heating the furnace temperature to 780 ℃, adding the zirconium source preheated to 300 ℃, uniformly stirring to obtain molten metal, cooling the molten metal to 750 ℃, adding modified ceramic powder and modified diatomite, and introducing 30s of argon gas into the molten metal for dehydrogenation to obtain the high-strength cast magnesium alloy.
Example 3
First, modified diatomaceous earth was prepared: pre-modifying diatomite with a nitric acid solution, performing secondary modification on the pre-modified diatomite with an iron nitrate solution, and mixing molybdenum nitrate, manganese nitrate, nickel nitrate and ruthenium nitrate according to a weight ratio of 60-100: 5-20: 10-30: 10-30 ℃, synthesizing a calcium-titanium mineral substance at 350-600 ℃, and dispersing and mixing the calcium-titanium mineral substance and the secondary modified diatomite through airflow to obtain modified diatomite; then, preparing modified ceramic powder: taking ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer according to parts by weight, cleaning and crushing to prepare powder, placing the ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer powder in a high-speed stirrer to be stirred for 5-10 minutes at 800 r/min for mixing and stirring, adding plasticizer, foaming agent and corrosion inhibitor, stirring to be in a viscous state, wherein no particulate matter is visible, placing the viscous substance in a reaction vat, adding water for stirring, simultaneously adding chelating agent, continuously stirring at 60-80 ℃ after uniform mixing, adding uniformly mixed materials into a double-screw extruder, and processing temperature of the double-screw extruder: the temperature of a first zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of a second zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of a third zone is 230 ℃, the temperature of a fourth zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of a fifth zone is 215 ℃, the temperature of a sixth zone is 225 ℃, the temperature of a seventh zone is 235 ℃, the temperature of an eighth zone is 240 ℃, the rotating speed of a main engine is 320 revolutions per minute, and after extrusion, the modified ceramic powder is prepared by cooling, drawing, air drying and granulating; taking raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise: a21g, Mn1.4g, modified diatomite 3g, modified ceramic powder 3g and Ti0.5g, removing oxide skins on the surfaces of Mg, Al, Mn and Ti, preheating the raw materials to 300 ℃, preheating a crucible to 550 ℃, adding into a Mg furnace, heating to 740 ℃, introducing mixed gas of SF6 and CO2 with the volume ratio of 1:200 as protective gas, adding the Al, Mn and Ti preheated to 300 ℃ after Mg is completely melted, and uniformly stirring; and after the stirring is finished, heating the furnace temperature to 780 ℃, adding the zirconium source preheated to 300 ℃, uniformly stirring to obtain molten metal, cooling the molten metal to 750 ℃, adding modified ceramic powder and modified diatomite, and introducing 30s of argon gas into the molten metal for dehydrogenation to obtain the high-strength cast magnesium alloy.
Example 4
First, modified diatomaceous earth was prepared: pre-modifying diatomite with a nitric acid solution, performing secondary modification on the pre-modified diatomite with an iron nitrate solution, and mixing molybdenum nitrate, manganese nitrate, nickel nitrate and ruthenium nitrate according to a weight ratio of 60-100: 5-20: 10-30: 10-30 ℃, synthesizing a calcium-titanium mineral substance at 350-600 ℃, and dispersing and mixing the calcium-titanium mineral substance and the secondary modified diatomite through airflow to obtain modified diatomite; then, preparing modified ceramic powder: taking ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer according to parts by weight, cleaning and crushing to prepare powder, placing the ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer powder in a high-speed stirrer to be stirred for 5-10 minutes at 800 r/min for mixing and stirring, adding plasticizer, foaming agent and corrosion inhibitor, stirring to be in a viscous state, wherein no particulate matter is visible, placing the viscous substance in a reaction vat, adding water for stirring, simultaneously adding chelating agent, continuously stirring at 60-80 ℃ after uniform mixing, adding uniformly mixed materials into a double-screw extruder, and processing temperature of the double-screw extruder: the temperature of a first zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of a second zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of a third zone is 230 ℃, the temperature of a fourth zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of a fifth zone is 215 ℃, the temperature of a sixth zone is 225 ℃, the temperature of a seventh zone is 235 ℃, the temperature of an eighth zone is 240 ℃, the rotating speed of a main engine is 320 revolutions per minute, and after extrusion, the modified ceramic powder is prepared by cooling, drawing, air drying and granulating; taking raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise: a15g, Mn0.5g, 3g of modified diatomite, 3g of modified ceramic powder and Ti0.5g, removing oxide skins on the surfaces of Mg, Al, Mn and Ti, preheating the raw materials to 300 ℃, preheating a crucible to 550 ℃, adding into a Mg furnace, heating to 740 ℃, introducing mixed gas of SF6 and CO2 with the volume ratio of 1:200 as protective gas, adding the Al, Mn and Ti preheated to 300 ℃ after Mg is completely melted, and uniformly stirring; and after the stirring is finished, heating the furnace temperature to 780 ℃, adding the zirconium source preheated to 300 ℃, uniformly stirring to obtain molten metal, cooling the molten metal to 750 ℃, adding modified ceramic powder and modified diatomite, and introducing 30s of argon gas into the molten metal for dehydrogenation to obtain the high-strength cast magnesium alloy.
Example 5
First, modified diatomaceous earth was prepared: pre-modifying diatomite with a nitric acid solution, performing secondary modification on the pre-modified diatomite with an iron nitrate solution, and mixing molybdenum nitrate, manganese nitrate, nickel nitrate and ruthenium nitrate according to a weight ratio of 60-100: 5-20: 10-30: 10-30 ℃, synthesizing a calcium-titanium mineral substance at 350-600 ℃, and dispersing and mixing the calcium-titanium mineral substance and the secondary modified diatomite through airflow to obtain modified diatomite; then, preparing modified ceramic powder: taking ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer according to parts by weight, cleaning and crushing to prepare powder, placing the ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer powder in a high-speed stirrer to be stirred for 5-10 minutes at 800 r/min for mixing and stirring, adding plasticizer, foaming agent and corrosion inhibitor, stirring to be in a viscous state, wherein no particulate matter is visible, placing the viscous substance in a reaction vat, adding water for stirring, simultaneously adding chelating agent, continuously stirring at 60-80 ℃ after uniform mixing, adding uniformly mixed materials into a double-screw extruder, and processing temperature of the double-screw extruder: the temperature of a first zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of a second zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of a third zone is 230 ℃, the temperature of a fourth zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of a fifth zone is 215 ℃, the temperature of a sixth zone is 225 ℃, the temperature of a seventh zone is 235 ℃, the temperature of an eighth zone is 240 ℃, the rotating speed of a main engine is 320 revolutions per minute, and after extrusion, the modified ceramic powder is prepared by cooling, drawing, air drying and granulating; taking raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise: a25g, Mn2g, 3g of modified diatomite, 3g of modified ceramic powder and 0.5g of Ti0, removing oxide skins on the surfaces of Mg, Al, Mn and Ti, preheating the raw materials to 300 ℃, preheating a crucible to 550 ℃, adding the raw materials into a Mg furnace, heating to 740 ℃, introducing mixed gas of SF6 and CO2 in a volume ratio of 1:200 as protective gas, adding the Al, Mn and Ti preheated to 300 ℃ after Mg is completely melted, and uniformly stirring; and after the stirring is finished, heating the furnace temperature to 780 ℃, adding the zirconium source preheated to 300 ℃, uniformly stirring to obtain molten metal, cooling the molten metal to 750 ℃, adding modified ceramic powder and modified diatomite, and introducing 30s of argon gas into the molten metal for dehydrogenation to obtain the high-strength cast magnesium alloy.
Comparative example 1
Firstly, taking common diatomite; then, preparing modified ceramic powder: taking ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer according to parts by weight, cleaning and crushing to prepare powder, placing the ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer powder in a high-speed stirrer to be stirred for 5-10 minutes at 800 r/min for mixing and stirring, adding plasticizer, foaming agent and corrosion inhibitor, stirring to be in a viscous state, wherein no particulate matter is visible, placing the viscous substance in a reaction vat, adding water for stirring, simultaneously adding chelating agent, continuously stirring at 60-80 ℃ after uniform mixing, adding uniformly mixed materials into a double-screw extruder, and processing temperature of the double-screw extruder: the temperature of a first zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of a second zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of a third zone is 230 ℃, the temperature of a fourth zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of a fifth zone is 215 ℃, the temperature of a sixth zone is 225 ℃, the temperature of a seventh zone is 235 ℃, the temperature of an eighth zone is 240 ℃, the rotating speed of a main engine is 320 revolutions per minute, and after extrusion, the modified ceramic powder is prepared by cooling, drawing, air drying and granulating; taking raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise: a19g, Mn1.1g, 3g of common diatomite, 3g of modified ceramic powder and Ti0.5g, removing oxide skins on the surfaces of Mg, Al, Mn and Ti, preheating the raw materials to 300 ℃, preheating a crucible to 550 ℃, adding a Mg furnace, raising the temperature to 740 ℃, introducing mixed gas of SF6 and CO2 in a volume ratio of 1:200 as protective gas, adding the Al, Mn and Ti preheated to 300 ℃ after Mg is completely melted, and uniformly stirring; and after the stirring is finished, heating the furnace temperature to 780 ℃, adding the zirconium source preheated to 300 ℃, uniformly stirring to obtain molten metal, cooling the molten metal to 750 ℃, adding modified ceramic powder and modified diatomite, and introducing 30s of argon gas into the molten metal for dehydrogenation to obtain the high-strength cast magnesium alloy.
Comparative example 2
First, modified diatomaceous earth was prepared: pre-modifying diatomite with a nitric acid solution, performing secondary modification on the pre-modified diatomite with an iron nitrate solution, and mixing molybdenum nitrate, manganese nitrate, nickel nitrate and ruthenium nitrate according to a weight ratio of 60-100: 5-20: 10-30: 10-30 ℃, synthesizing a calcium-titanium mineral substance at 350-600 ℃, and dispersing and mixing the calcium-titanium mineral substance and the secondary modified diatomite through airflow to obtain modified diatomite; then, taking common ceramic powder; taking raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise: a19g, Mn1.1g, 3g of modified diatomite, 3g of common ceramic powder and Ti0.5g, removing oxide skins on the surfaces of Mg, Al, Mn and Ti, preheating the raw materials to 300 ℃, preheating a crucible to 550 ℃, adding into a Mg furnace, heating to 740 ℃, introducing mixed gas of SF6 and CO2 in a volume ratio of 1:200 as protective gas, adding the Al, Mn and Ti preheated to 300 ℃ after Mg is completely melted, and uniformly stirring; and after the stirring is finished, heating the furnace temperature to 780 ℃, adding the zirconium source preheated to 300 ℃, uniformly stirring to obtain molten metal, cooling the molten metal to 750 ℃, adding modified ceramic powder and modified diatomite, and introducing 30s of argon gas into the molten metal for dehydrogenation to obtain the high-strength cast magnesium alloy.
Comparative example 3
Firstly, preparing modified ceramic powder: taking ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer according to parts by weight, cleaning and crushing to prepare powder, placing the ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer powder in a high-speed stirrer to be stirred for 5-10 minutes at 800 r/min for mixing and stirring, adding plasticizer, foaming agent and corrosion inhibitor, stirring to be in a viscous state, wherein no particulate matter is visible, placing the viscous substance in a reaction vat, adding water for stirring, simultaneously adding chelating agent, continuously stirring at 60-80 ℃ after uniform mixing, adding uniformly mixed materials into a double-screw extruder, and processing temperature of the double-screw extruder: the temperature of a first zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of a second zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of a third zone is 230 ℃, the temperature of a fourth zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of a fifth zone is 215 ℃, the temperature of a sixth zone is 225 ℃, the temperature of a seventh zone is 235 ℃, the temperature of an eighth zone is 240 ℃, the rotating speed of a main engine is 320 revolutions per minute, and after extrusion, the modified ceramic powder is prepared by cooling, drawing, air drying and granulating; taking raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise: a19g, Mn1.1g, 3g of modified ceramic powder and Ti0.5g, removing oxide skins on the surfaces of Mg, Al, Mn and Ti, preheating the raw materials to 300 ℃, preheating a crucible to 550 ℃, adding into a Mg furnace, heating to 740 ℃, introducing mixed gas of SF6 and CO2 in a volume ratio of 1:200 as protective gas, adding the Al, Mn and Ti preheated to 300 ℃ after Mg is completely melted, and uniformly stirring; and after the stirring is finished, heating the furnace temperature to 780 ℃, adding the zirconium source preheated to 300 ℃, uniformly stirring to obtain molten metal, cooling the molten metal to 750 ℃, adding modified ceramic powder and modified diatomite, and introducing 30s of argon gas into the molten metal for dehydrogenation to obtain the high-strength cast magnesium alloy.
Comparative example 4
First, modified diatomaceous earth was prepared: pre-modifying diatomite with a nitric acid solution, performing secondary modification on the pre-modified diatomite with an iron nitrate solution, and mixing molybdenum nitrate, manganese nitrate, nickel nitrate and ruthenium nitrate according to a weight ratio of 60-100: 5-20: 10-30: 10-30 ℃, synthesizing a calcium-titanium mineral substance at 350-600 ℃, and dispersing and mixing the calcium-titanium mineral substance and the secondary modified diatomite through airflow to obtain modified diatomite; then, taking raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise: a19g, Mn1.1g, 3g of modified diatomite and Ti0.5g, removing oxide skins on the surfaces of Mg, Al, Mn and Ti, preheating the raw materials to 300 ℃, preheating a crucible to 550 ℃, adding into a Mg furnace, heating to 740 ℃, introducing mixed gas of SF6 and CO2 in a volume ratio of 1:200 as protective gas, adding the Al, Mn and Ti preheated to 300 ℃ after Mg is completely melted, and uniformly stirring; and after the stirring is finished, heating the furnace temperature to 780 ℃, adding the zirconium source preheated to 300 ℃, uniformly stirring to obtain molten metal, cooling the molten metal to 750 ℃, adding modified ceramic powder and modified diatomite, and introducing 30s of argon gas into the molten metal for dehydrogenation to obtain the high-strength cast magnesium alloy.
Comparative example 5
Firstly, taking raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise: a19g, Mn1.1g and Ti0.5g, removing oxide skins on the surfaces of Mg, Al, Mn and Ti, preheating the raw materials to 300 ℃, preheating a crucible to 550 ℃, adding into a Mg furnace, heating to 740 ℃, introducing mixed gas of SF6 and CO2 in a volume ratio of 1:200 as protective gas, adding the Al, Mn and Ti preheated to 300 ℃ after Mg is completely melted, and uniformly stirring; and after the stirring is finished, heating the furnace temperature to 780 ℃, adding the zirconium source preheated to 300 ℃, uniformly stirring to obtain molten metal, cooling the molten metal to 750 ℃, adding modified ceramic powder and modified diatomite, and introducing 30s of argon gas into the molten metal for dehydrogenation to obtain the high-strength cast magnesium alloy.
The examples and comparative examples were examined;
the detection method comprises the following steps: dropping a heavy hammer with a certain mass and diamond or alloy steel balls onto the surface of the sample from a certain height, representing the measurement hardness value according to the rebound height of the heavy hammer, wherein the higher the rebound of the heavy hammer is, the harder the surface measurement is; the tensile strength and toughness were measured by the general procedure, and the results are shown in the following table.
Watch 1
| Shore Hardness (HL) | Tensile strength (N/(MPa)) | Toughness (J/m 3) | |
| Example 1 | 325 | 293 | 530 |
| Example 2 | 314 | 278 | 518 |
| Example 3 | 318 | 281 | 521 |
| Example 4 | 312 | 273 | 525 |
| Example 5 | 317 | 279 | 523 |
| Comparative example 1 | 310 | 275 | 519 |
| Comparative example 2 | 321 | 276 | 515 |
| Comparative example 3 | 279 | 253 | 483 |
| Comparative example 4 | 253 | 231 | 457 |
| Comparative example 5 |
As is clear from the table, the examples containing the modified diatomaceous earth and the modified ceramic powder are much higher in metal hardness, tensile strength, and toughness than the comparative examples, and the compounding ratio of example 1 is the highest.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The high-strength cast magnesium alloy is characterized by comprising, by weight, 5-25 parts of Al, 0.5-2 parts of Mn0.5-2 parts of modified diatomite, 2-4 parts of modified ceramic powder, 0.001-1 part of Ti0.001-1 part of Mg and inevitable impurities.
2. The high-strength cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy consists of, by weight, 8-21 parts of Al, 0.8-1.4 parts of Mn, 3 parts of modified diatomaceous earth, 3 parts of modified ceramic powder, 0.5 parts of Ti, and the balance of Mg and unavoidable impurities, Mg, Al, Mn, modified diatomaceous earth, modified ceramic powder, and Ti.
3. The high strength cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy consists of Mg, Al, Mn, modified diatomaceous earth, modified ceramic powder, and Ti in the weight percentage of a19 parts, Mn1.1 parts, 3 parts, and Ti0.5 parts, and the balance Mg and unavoidable impurities.
4. The high strength cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps:
s1: pre-modifying the diatomite by using a nitric acid solution;
s2: carrying out secondary modification on the pre-modified diatomite by using a ferric nitrate solution;
s3: and dispersing and mixing the calcium-titanium mineral substance and the secondary modified diatomite through airflow to obtain the final modified diatomite.
5. The high strength cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of S3 is: molybdenum nitrate, manganese nitrate, nickel nitrate and ruthenium nitrate are mixed according to the weight ratio of 60-100: 5-20: 10-30: 10-30 ℃, synthesizing a calcium-titanium mineral substance at 350-600 ℃, and dispersing and mixing the calcium-titanium mineral substance and the secondary modified diatomite through airflow to obtain the modified diatomite.
6. The high strength cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified ceramic powder comprises the following steps:
s1: taking ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer according to parts by weight, cleaning and crushing to prepare powder;
s2: placing ceramic powder and polyethylene octene co-elastomer powder into a high-speed stirrer, stirring at 800 rpm for 5-10 minutes, mixing and stirring, adding a plasticizer, a foaming agent and a corrosion inhibitor, stirring to a viscous state, and preferably, no particles are seen;
s3: placing the viscous substance in a reaction vat, adding water, stirring, adding chelating agent, mixing, and stirring at 60-80 deg.C;
s4: adding the uniformly mixed materials into a double-screw extruder, wherein the processing temperature of the double-screw extruder is as follows: the temperature of the first zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 230 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of the fifth zone is 215 ℃, the temperature of the sixth zone is 225 ℃, the temperature of the seventh zone is 235 ℃, the temperature of the eighth zone is 240 ℃, and the rotating speed of the main engine is 320 revolutions per minute;
s5: and cooling and drawing the strips after extrusion, and air-drying and granulating to prepare the modified ceramic powder.
7. The high strength cast magnesium alloy of claim 6, wherein the chelating agent is one or more of HEDP, phytic acid, tannic acid;
and/or the corrosion inhibitor is one or more of dodecyl bis hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium chloride, urea, thiourea, rhodine and benzotriazole.
8. The high strength cast magnesium alloy according to claim 6, wherein the plasticizer is one or more of dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, dinonyl phthalate or dioctyl terephthalate;
and/or the foaming agent is one or more of lauryl sodium sulfate (K12), fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate (AES), rosin soap foaming agent and animal and vegetable protein foaming agent.
9. A method for preparing the high strength cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing modified diatomite;
s2, preparing modified ceramic powder;
s3, taking raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise: mg, Al, Mn, modified diatomite, modified ceramic powder and Ti;
s4, removing oxide skins on the surfaces of Mg, Al, Mn and Ti, and preheating the raw materials to 300 ℃;
s5, preheating the crucible to 550 ℃, adding the crucible into an Mg furnace, heating to 740 ℃, and introducing mixed gas of SF6 and CO2 in a volume ratio of 1:200 as protective gas;
s6, adding Al, Mn and Ti preheated to 300 ℃ after Mg is completely melted, and uniformly stirring; after the stirring is finished, heating the furnace temperature to 780 ℃, adding the zirconium source preheated to 300 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain molten metal;
and S7, cooling the molten metal to 750 ℃, adding the modified ceramic powder and the modified diatomite, and introducing 30S of argon gas for dehydrogenation to obtain the high-strength cast magnesium alloy.
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