CN113430007B - Biomass gasification device - Google Patents
Biomass gasification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113430007B CN113430007B CN202110744641.8A CN202110744641A CN113430007B CN 113430007 B CN113430007 B CN 113430007B CN 202110744641 A CN202110744641 A CN 202110744641A CN 113430007 B CN113430007 B CN 113430007B
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 biological energy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012857 repacking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/06—Continuous processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/14—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
- C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass gasification device which comprises a gasification furnace, a feeding mechanism, a fan and a smoke return pipeline, wherein the feeding mechanism is communicated with a feeding hole of the gasification furnace and used for providing biomass raw materials for the gasification furnace, the fan is communicated with the interior of the gasification furnace and used for pumping gas generated by the gasification furnace to a boiler, and the smoke return pipeline is communicated with a smoke outlet of the boiler and used for guiding smoke generated by the boiler into the feeding mechanism so as to preheat the biomass raw materials. Therefore, the biomass gasification device provided by the invention continuously feeds materials to the gasification furnace through the feeding mechanism, then conveys the fuel gas generated in the gasification furnace into the boiler through the fan, and simultaneously sends the flue gas generated by the combustion of the boiler back to the feeding mechanism through the smoke return pipeline, and heats and dries the biomass raw material by using the heat of the flue gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy equipment, in particular to a biomass gasification device.
Background
The boiler is an energy conversion device and is mainly used for heating working medium water or other fluids by using heat energy released by fuel combustion or other heat energy.
The input raw materials of the boiler mainly comprise various types of fuels, such as biological energy, chemical energy, electric energy and the like, and the output of the boiler mainly comprises steam, high-temperature water or an organic heat carrier with certain heat energy. The hot water or steam output by the boiler can directly provide heat energy for industrial production and people life, and can also be converted into mechanical energy through a steam power device, or the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through a generator.
At present, considering that the energy consumption of a boiler is generally large, and starting from the requirements of economy, environmental protection and sustainable development, the heat supply of the boiler by using biomass gasification gas is an important development mode under the eye. The biomass gasification gas mainly utilizes biomass particles or biomass briquettes and the like as biomass raw materials, and CO and H are generated by thermochemical reaction of the biomass gasification gas and a gasifying agent in a high-temperature environment in a gasification furnace 2 、CH 4 And the like. The biomass particles or biomass briquettes are used as reaction raw materials of the gasification furnace, so that the gasification furnace can work stably and efficiently, the environmental protection performance is high, however, the cost of finished biomass raw materials is high, if the finished biomass raw materials are directly used as the raw materials of the gasification furnace to provide fuel gas for a boiler, the cost is too high, and the economy is poor, so agricultural and forestry wastes such as straws, waste wood, oil tea shells and the like are generally used as the biomass raw materials, the cost can be greatly reduced, the waste utilization is realized, and the energy circulation is promoted. However, the agricultural and forestry waste has a high water content of 30% or more, and a serious shortage of dryness, and the biomass raw material is difficult to perform a thermochemical reaction with a gasifying agent in a gasifier, so that the gasification efficiency of the gasifier is low, and the gas yield is also low.
In the prior art, a dedicated preheating device is generally additionally arranged on a gasification furnace to heat and dry a biomass raw material, so that the biomass raw material is dehydrated and then is sent into the gasification furnace to react. The mode requires modification of the gasification furnace, so that the production cost is high, the energy consumption is increased, the structure of the gasification furnace is more complex, the production maintenance is not facilitated, in addition, the occupied area is large, and the plant planning is not facilitated.
Therefore, how to reduce the cost and energy consumption of dehydration treatment of biomass raw material and improve the gasification reaction efficiency and fuel gas yield is a technical problem faced by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biomass gasification device which can heat and dry biomass raw materials by using the heat of flue gas generated by boiler combustion, reduce the dehydration treatment cost and energy consumption of the biomass raw materials and improve the gasification reaction efficiency and the gas yield.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a biomass gasification device, which comprises a gasification furnace, a feeding mechanism communicated with a feeding hole of the gasification furnace and used for providing biomass raw materials for the gasification furnace, a fan communicated with the interior of the gasification furnace and used for pumping fuel gas generated by the gasification furnace to a boiler, and a smoke return pipeline communicated with a smoke outlet of the boiler and used for guiding smoke generated by the boiler into the feeding mechanism so as to preheat the biomass raw materials.
Preferably, the gasification furnace comprises an upper furnace body and a lower furnace body which are communicated with each other, the feed inlet is formed in the top surface of the upper furnace body, and the bottom surface of the lower furnace body is provided with a gasification agent inlet.
Preferably, the diameter of the lower furnace body is larger than that of the upper furnace body, a gas outlet is formed in the top area of the lower furnace body, and the fan is communicated with the gas outlet.
Preferably, the bottom of the lower furnace body is provided with a slag discharging mechanism for discharging the ash after the gasification reaction to the outside.
Preferably, the biomass material storage device further comprises a bin for storing biomass material, the head end of the feeding mechanism is arranged in the bin, and the tail end of the feeding mechanism extends to the feeding port.
Preferably, the feeding mechanism comprises a rotatable feeding barrel, a driving assembly for driving the feeding barrel to rotate, and a helical blade which is arranged in the feeding barrel, synchronously rotates with the feeding barrel and is used for rolling the biomass raw material to axially convey the biomass raw material.
Preferably, the feeding mechanism further comprises a bearing connected to an outer wall of the gasification furnace for supporting the feeding barrel.
Preferably, the system further comprises a chimney communicated with the smoke outlet of the boiler and used for discharging the smoke generated by the boiler to the outside, and a control valve arranged in the smoke returning pipeline and used for controlling the amount of the returned smoke.
The invention provides a biomass gasification device which mainly comprises a gasification furnace, a feeding mechanism, a fan and a smoke return pipeline. The gasification furnace is a main body component of the gasification device and is mainly used for carrying out thermochemical reaction gasification on biomass raw materials to generate fuel gas. Feed mechanism and the feed inlet intercommunication of gasifier, mainly used provide biomass feedstock to the gasifier, constantly send into the feed inlet with biomass feedstock, ensure that the gasifier can the continuous operation. One end of the fan is communicated with the inside of the gasification furnace, the other end of the fan is communicated with the boiler, and the fan is mainly used for pumping out fuel gas generated by the reaction in the gasification furnace and conveying the fuel gas to the boiler so as to be used as gas fuel of the boiler for combustion. One end of the smoke returning pipeline is communicated with a smoke outlet of the boiler, the other end of the smoke returning pipeline is communicated with the feeding mechanism, the smoke generated after fuel gas is combusted in the boiler is guided into the feeding mechanism by the aid of the main used, heat carried by high-temperature smoke is utilized to preheat biomass raw materials waiting for feeding in the feeding mechanism, accordingly, heating and drying operations of the biomass raw materials are completed in a feeding process of the feeding mechanism, and dryness (or wetness) of the biomass raw materials is guaranteed to reach an expected level before the biomass raw materials are sent into a feeding port of the gasification furnace. Therefore, the biomass gasification device provided by the invention continuously feeds materials to the gasification furnace through the feeding mechanism, then conveys the fuel gas generated in the gasification furnace into the boiler through the fan, and simultaneously sends the flue gas generated by the combustion of the boiler back to the feeding mechanism through the smoke return pipeline, and heats and dries the biomass raw material by using the heat of the flue gas.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, in fig. 1:
the system comprises a gasification furnace-1, a feeding mechanism-2, a boiler-3, a fan-4, a smoke return pipeline-5, a storage bin-6, a chimney-7 and a control valve-8;
a feed inlet-101, a gasifying agent inlet-102 and a fuel gas outlet-103;
the device comprises an upper furnace body-11, a lower furnace body-12, a slag discharging mechanism-13, a feeding barrel-21, a driving assembly-22, a helical blade-23 and a bearing-24.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
In a specific embodiment provided by the invention, the biomass gasification device mainly comprises a gasification furnace 1, a feeding mechanism 2, a fan 4 and a smoke return pipeline 5.
The gasification furnace 1 is a main body part of the gasification apparatus, and is mainly used for thermochemically reacting and gasifying a biomass raw material to generate a fuel gas.
Feed mechanism 2 and the feed inlet 101 intercommunication of gasifier 1, mainly used provide biomass feedstock to gasifier 1, constantly send into feed inlet 101 with biomass feedstock, ensure gasifier 1 and continue the operation.
One end of the fan 4 is communicated with the inside of the gasification furnace 1, and the other end is communicated with the boiler 3, and the fan is mainly used for extracting gas generated by the reaction in the gasification furnace 1 and conveying the gas into the boiler 3 so as to be used as gas fuel of the boiler 3 for combustion.
The one end of smoke return pipeline 5 communicates with the exhaust port of boiler 3, and the other end communicates with feed mechanism 2, and mainly used is leading-in to feed mechanism 2 with the flue gas that produces behind the 3 burning gas of boiler to the heat that utilizes high temperature flue gas to carry preheats the biomass raw materials who waits for the material loading in feed mechanism 2, thereby accomplish biomass raw materials's heating and drying operation at the material loading in-process of feed mechanism 2, guarantee that the dryness fraction of biomass raw materials reaches anticipated level before sending into the feed inlet 101 of gasifier 1.
So, the living beings gasification equipment that this embodiment provided, last the pay-off to gasifier 1 through feed mechanism 2, the gas that produces in rethread fan 4 is with gasifier 1 is carried to boiler 3 in, simultaneously send the flue gas that the 3 burning of boiler produced back to feed mechanism 2 through smoke return pipeline 5, utilize the heat of flue gas to heat the biomass raw materials and dry, compare in prior art, need not additionally repacking gasifier 1, do not increase extra energy consumption link, the dehydration treatment cost and the energy consumption to the biomass raw materials have been reduced, gasification reaction efficiency and gas productivity have been improved.
In a preferred embodiment regarding the gasification furnace 1, the gasification furnace 1 mainly includes an upper furnace body 11 and a lower furnace body 12, wherein the interiors of the upper furnace body 11 and the lower furnace body 12 are communicated with each other, and the upper furnace body 11 is disposed on the top of the lower furnace body 12. Meanwhile, the feeding port 101 is specifically formed in the top of the upper furnace body 11, and the gasifying agent inlet 102 is formed in the bottom surface of the lower furnace body 12, so that the feeding mechanism 2 can convey the biomass raw materials to the feeding port 101 and feed the biomass raw materials from the upper side of the gasification furnace 1, meanwhile, the gasifying agent is blown in from the bottom of the gasification furnace 1, and the whole gasification furnace 1 forms an updraft type structure, so that the advantages of large energy production and high heat efficiency of the traditional updraft type gasification furnace 1 are ensured.
Further, considering that the gas generated by the conventional updraft gasifier 1 needs to be discharged from the vicinity of the feed inlet 101 of the furnace top through the reduction layer, the thermal decomposition layer and the drying layer, the feeding mechanism 2 cannot continuously feed the feed inlet 101, a sealing door must be installed to prevent the gas from leaking, and the gas generated by the reaction is discharged partially and then fed again, so that the gasifier 1 is inconvenient to feed and continuous operation is inconvenient. In this regard, the present embodiment specifically designs the gasification furnace 1 to have a structure with a small top and a large bottom, that is, the diameter of the lower furnace body 12 is larger than that of the upper furnace body 11, and the upper furnace body 11 is inserted into the lower furnace body 12 to a certain depth. Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, a gas outlet 103 is further formed in the top area of the side wall of the lower furnace body 12, and one end of the fan 4 is communicated with the gas outlet 103. So set up, when biomass feedstock fell into gasifier 1 from feed inlet 101 in, pile up naturally under the effect of gravity and form tower form or coniform, thereby the marginal blank area of certain size of top region edge formation of furnace body 12 under, the natural gathering of the gas that biomass feedstock reaction generated is in this region, and gas outlet 103 just sets up on the regional lateral wall in top of the lower furnace body 12 that this blank area corresponds, thereby make things convenient for fan 4 to take out the gas fast, high-efficiently to boiler 3, avoid taking biomass feedstock out simultaneously.
In addition, considering that the reaction efficiency in the gasification furnace 1 is relatively high, while the feeding mechanism 2 continuously feeds the material into the feeding port 101, reaction waste, i.e., ash or ash, is continuously generated in the gasification furnace 1, and in order to discharge the ash in time, the slag discharging mechanism 13 is further provided at the bottom of the lower furnace body 12 in this embodiment. Specifically, the slag discharging mechanism 13 may be an ash chute rotary ash discharging assembly, and the bottom of the lower furnace body 12 is sealed with a liquid such as water in the ash chute.
In a preferred embodiment of the gasification agent, the gasification agent is air, oxygen, steam or a mixture of two or three of them in a certain proportion. Meanwhile, the gas inflow of the gasifying agent is adjustable, and is cooperatively adjusted with the flow of the fan 4, so that the gas pressure in the gasification furnace 1 is controlled, the gas pressure is in micro-positive pressure or negative pressure, and the gas is prevented from leaking from the feed port 101.
In order to ensure the stable operation of the gasification furnace 1, a material level detection device is disposed near the feeding port 101 in this embodiment, so as to ensure that the upper furnace body 11 is filled with biomass raw material. This material level detection device can be for the camera (or the video monitor that calls) be connected with the control room, and control room operating personnel passes through video monitoring and starts feed mechanism 2 in case the material level of finding feed inlet 101 is not enough and fill up the material. During the operation of the gasification furnace 1, the upper furnace body 11 is filled with biomass raw materials, so that the feed port 101 is always in a dynamic sealing state.
In addition, in order to ensure that the feeding mechanism 2 can continuously run for a long time and prolong the continuous operation period of the gasification furnace 1, a storage bin 6 is additionally arranged in the embodiment. Specifically, the bunker 6 may be disposed beside the gasification furnace 1, and is mainly used for storing a certain amount of biomass raw material (without dehydration treatment). Accordingly, the head end of the feeding mechanism 2 is disposed in the silo 6, and the tail end of the feeding mechanism 2 extends to the feed opening 101 of the gasification furnace 1. So set up, feed mechanism 2 can be followed the interior biomass raw materials with the storage of feed bin 6 and transported to in the feed inlet 101 constantly.
In a preferred embodiment of the feeding mechanism 2, the feeding mechanism 2 mainly comprises a feeding cylinder 21, a driving assembly 22 and a helical blade 23, and the whole is of a screw type conveying structure.
The feeding cylinder 21 is a main body structure of the feeding mechanism 2, is generally cylindrical, can perform circumferential rotation motion, and is mainly used for temporarily storing a certain amount of biomass raw materials as a transportation place of the biomass raw materials.
The driving component 22 is arranged outside the feeding barrel 21, and the output end of the driving component is connected with the feeding barrel 21 and is mainly used for driving the feeding barrel 21 to rotate directionally. Generally, the driving component 22 can be a driving motor, etc., and can be matched with a speed reducing component.
The helical blade 23 is disposed in the feeding barrel 21, attached to the inner wall of the feeding barrel 21 in a helical shape, and can perform synchronous rotational motion with the feeding barrel 21. Meanwhile, the head end of the helical blade 23 extends into the bunker 6, and when the helical blade rotates, the helical blade generates an axial lifting force, and the biomass raw material is rolled by the lifting force to move axially in the feeding barrel 21, so that the biomass raw material is continuously conveyed from the head end of the feeding barrel 21 to the tail end of the feeding barrel 21, and falls into the feeding hole 101 of the gasification furnace 1 under the action of gravity.
Further, in order to ensure stable and smooth rotation of the feeding barrel 21, a bearing 24 is additionally arranged in the embodiment. Specifically, the bearing 24 may be installed on the ground or connected to the outer wall of the gasification furnace 1, and is mainly used to support the feeding barrel 21, so that the feeding barrel 21 performs a rotational motion on the bearing 24.
Of course, the specific structure of the feeding mechanism 2 is not limited to the above-described screw type conveying structure, and other structures such as a scraper conveyor, a belt type conveying mechanism, and the like may be also employed.
In another embodiment of the biomass gasification device, the device comprises a chimney 7 and a control valve 8 besides the gasification furnace 1, the feeding mechanism 2, the fan 4, the smoke return pipeline 5 and the silo 6. The chimney 7 is communicated with the exhaust port of the boiler 3 and is mainly used for exhausting the generated smoke to the outside, and the smoke return pipeline 5 is also communicated with the exhaust port of the boiler 3, so that the smoke return pipeline 5 and the chimney 7 respectively exhaust smoke with a certain proportion. Meanwhile, the control valve 8 is arranged in the smoke return pipeline 5 and is mainly used for controlling the amount of smoke return entering the smoke return pipeline 5 through the opening adjustment of the valve, and further controlling the amount of smoke return entering the material feeding barrel 21.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. The biomass gasification method is characterized by comprising a gasification furnace (1), a feeding mechanism (2) which is communicated with a feeding hole (101) of the gasification furnace (1) and is used for providing biomass raw materials for the gasification furnace, a fan (4) which is communicated with the interior of the gasification furnace (1) and is used for pumping fuel gas generated by the gasification furnace to a boiler (3), and a smoke return pipeline (5) which is communicated with a smoke outlet of the boiler (3) and is used for guiding the smoke gas generated by the boiler into the feeding mechanism (2) so as to preheat the biomass raw materials;
the gasification furnace (1) comprises an upper furnace body (11) and a lower furnace body (12) which are communicated with each other, the feed inlet (101) is formed in the top surface of the upper furnace body (11), and the bottom surface of the lower furnace body (12) is provided with a gasification agent inlet (102);
the diameter of the lower furnace body (12) is larger than that of the upper furnace body (11), the upper furnace body (11) is inserted into the lower furnace body (12) to a preset depth, so that biomass raw materials are naturally stacked under the action of gravity to form a tower shape or a cone shape when falling into the gasification furnace (1) from the feed port (101), a blank area for natural gathering of fuel gas generated by reaction of the biomass raw materials is formed at the edge of the top area of the lower furnace body (12), a fuel gas outlet (103) is formed in the top area of the side wall of the lower furnace body (12), the opening position of the fuel gas outlet (103) corresponds to the blank area, and the fan (4) is communicated with the fuel gas outlet (103);
a material level detection device is arranged at the feed port (101) and used for starting the feeding mechanism (2) to fully charge materials when the material level of the feed port (101) is detected to be insufficient, so that the feed port (101) is always in a dynamic sealing state in the operation process of the gasification furnace (1);
the gas inflow of the gasifying agent is adjustable, and is adjusted in cooperation with the flow of the fan (4), so that the gas pressure in the gasification furnace (1) is in negative pressure, and the gas is prevented from leaking from the feed port (101).
2. The biomass gasification method according to claim 1, wherein a slag discharge mechanism (13) for discharging ash after the gasification reaction to the outside is provided at the bottom of the lower furnace body (12).
3. The biomass gasification method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a silo (6) for storing the biomass feedstock, wherein the head end of the feeding mechanism (2) is arranged in the silo (6) and the tail end of the feeding mechanism (2) extends to the feed opening (101).
4. The biomass gasification method according to claim 3, characterized in that the feeding mechanism (2) comprises a rotatable feeding barrel (21), a driving component (22) for driving the feeding barrel (21) to rotate, and a helical blade (23) which is arranged in the feeding barrel (21) and rotates synchronously with the feeding barrel for rolling the biomass raw material to axially convey.
5. The biomass gasification method according to claim 4, characterized in that the feeding mechanism (2) further comprises a bearing (24) connected to the outer wall of the gasifier (1) for supporting the feed cylinder (21).
6. The biomass gasification method according to claim 1, further comprising a chimney (7) communicated with the smoke outlet of the boiler (3) for discharging the smoke generated by the boiler to the outside, and a control valve (8) arranged in the smoke return pipe (5) for controlling the amount of the returned smoke.
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Effective date of registration: 20240307 Address after: 412200 Dongfu Industrial Park, Liling Economic Development Zone, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province Patentee after: HUNAN YANGDONG PORCELAIN INSULATORS & ELECTRIC CO.,LTD. Country or region after: China Patentee after: HUNAN YANGDONG BIOLOGICAL CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: 412200 Yang San Shi office Yang Dong Cun, Liling City, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province Patentee before: HUNAN YANGDONG BIOLOGICAL CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Country or region before: China Patentee before: HUNAN YANGDONG MAGNETIC ELECTRIC Co.,Ltd. |