CN101514812A

CN101514812A - Biomass burner

Info

Publication number: CN101514812A
Application number: CN 200910064444
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孔繁利
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-03-23
Filing date: 2009-03-23
Publication date: 2009-08-26
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-23
Also published as: CN101514812B

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass burner. The technical proposal is that the biomass burner comprises a vaporizer and a combustion chamber, wherein a feeder is arranged outside the vaporizer and is communicated with the lower part of the vaporizer; a sprocket wheel is arranged on a shaft which is arranged on the feeder and is provided with a helical blade, and is opposite to a sprocket wheel on an output shaft of a speed reducer; a feed port is arranged on the upper part of a shell of the feeder, and is communicated with a discharge port of a storage hopper; the upper part of a shell of a discharge section of the feeder is provided with a lighting hole the orifice of which is provided with a cover plate; the combustion chamber is communicated with and opposite to the vaporizer; a fire outlet and an air distribution hole are arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber; the lower part of the shell of the combustion chamber is provided with a crushing slag discharger; helical blades of the crushing slag discharger are a plurality of incontinuous helical blades, and extend inside the lower side of the combustion chamber; a slag outlet is arranged on the lower part of an external end of the shell of the crushing slag discharger; and a sprocket wheel is arranged on a shaft of the crushing slag discharger and is opposite to the sprocket wheel on the output shaft of the speed reducer. The biomass burner is used for a boiler.

Description

A kind of biomass burner

Technical field:

The invention belongs to a kind of burner, be specially adapted to the biomass burner of automatic continuous burning.

Background technology:

Existing biomass burner mostly has fire grate, and the ash softening point of biomass fuel is lower, easily forms slag with the fire grate shutoff, and it is not smooth to cause vaporizer and combustion chamber to ventilate, and influences normal combustion.The slag of living beings on fire grate, have certain viscosity and quality softer, be difficult to cleaning, can't realize the industrialization continuous operation.In addition, the screw-pushing type burner mostly adopts a plurality of air blasts as power, belongs to the pressure combustion mode, is not easy to operation and control, and major defect is that quantity of heat given up is less, generally is no more than 1MW, can not satisfy industrialized needs equally.

Summary of the invention:

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of biomass burner that is applicable to the industrialization continuous burning.Technical solution of the present invention is a kind of biomass burner, comprise vaporizer and combustion chamber, it is characterized in that: be provided with feeder in the vaporizer outside and be communicated with the bottom of gasifier, it is relative with sprocket wheel on the speed reducer output shaft to be provided with sprocket wheel on the axle that is provided with helical blade of feeder, the top on the feeder housing be provided with charging aperture with above the feed bin discharging opening be communicated with, housing top at the feeder discharging section has fire hole, and its aperture is furnished with cover plate; Fuel chambers is communicated with vaporizer and is relative with its change chamber, on the sidewall of fuel chambers, be provided with crater, wind distributing hole, at the broken slag tapping equipment of being provided with of fuel chambers lower housing portion, the helical blade of this broken slag tapping equipment is a plurality of discontinuous helical blades, stretch in the below of fuel chambers in this endless spiral, have slag notch in the bottom of the external end head of broken slag tapping equipment housing, it is relative with sprocket wheel on another speed reducer output shaft to be provided with link on the axle of this broken slag tapping equipment.The discontinuous helical blade of described broken slag tapping equipment be provided with gripper shoe with screw propulsion direction opposite surfaces.In the pipe tap of distributing device axle rotational support between feed bin and feeder, this axle is provided with blade, and another sprocket wheel that the outer end on this is provided with on the axle of sprocket wheel and feeder is relative.The present invention has the remarkable advantage of continuous burning compared with the prior art.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the front view of biomass burner of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1.

The specific embodiment:

In conjunction with above-mentioned accompanying drawing the present invention is described in detail, the crater of burner according to supporting boiler design different shapes, if coal-fired manual boiler, the shape of crater can be done squarely or ovally be connected with the fire door of boiler is corresponding; If coal-fired chain furnace, the coaling machine of need dismantling, the shape of crater can be made phase that coaling machine is connected with boiler in specie, substitutes coaling machine and is connected with boiler; If fuel oil, gas fired-boiler, the fuel-firing gas-firing combustor of need dismantling, the shape of crater can be done the combustion chamber butt joint of circular and oil-burning gas-fired boiler.Boiler does not have air-introduced machine, needs to install air-introduced machine additional at the smoke position of boiler.The discharging opening of feed bin 6 is connected with feed pipe, blade 10 on the distributing device places this feed pipe, feeding screw 9 is communicated with above-mentioned feed pipe, the body of this feeding screw is communicated with the vaporizer 3 in its left side, the top of this body is provided with fire hole, the aperture is provided with cover plate 11, vaporizer is communicated with the combustion chamber 12 in its left side, side in the combustion chamber is provided with crater 13 and docks with coal-burning boiler (also can be fuel oil or gas fired-boiler) coal feed point, being provided with broken slag tapping equipment 1 in the bottom, combustion chamber is communicated with the combustion chamber, the helical blade of this broken slag tapping equipment places the bottom of combustion chamber for the discontinuous helical blade that disconnects, for rigidity and the intensity that strengthens blade, the back side in the blade direction of advance is provided with gripper shoe, has slag notch 14 in the bottom, outer end of broken slag tapping equipment housing.It is relative with sprocket wheel on the speed reducer output shaft that the axle of broken slag tapping equipment is provided with sprocket wheel 15.It is relative with sprocket wheel on another speed reducer output shaft that the axle of feeder is provided with sprocket wheel 4.It is relative with another sprocket wheel on the feeder axle that the axle of distributing device is provided with sprocket wheel 5, and biomass burner of the present invention is provided with two motors and drives above-mentioned two reductors respectively.Be provided with the air distribution chamber in the housing of vaporizer, uniform wind distributing hole in the inboard in air distribution chamber and the outside and blast pipe are communicated with vaporizer and atmosphere respectively, and aid distributing pipe can be provided with many assembly airduct according to the big I of vaporizer.

Operation principle of the present invention is, biomass fuel is after feeder is sent into feed bin, starting feeder driven by motor reductor makes feeder begin to rotate by sprocket wheel, sprocket wheel on the feeder drives the sprocket rotation on the distributing device, make biomass fuel under the effect of distributing device blade, enter feeder equably, under the promotion of feeder packing auger blade, biomass fuel enters vaporizer.After the fuel of vaporizer gathers to a certain degree, close the feeder motor, open the fire hole cover plate, with hand fuel is drawn out a little, put into the fuel position of drawing out after lighting with an amount of combustibles, close the fire hole cover plate, open boiler induced-draft fan, open the feeder motor after a while.Fuel vaporizer behind gasification, and combustion progressively by charing, the fuel after the charing progressively enters the combustion chamber under the promotion of feeder blade, fall into fire grate 16 tops.Enter the carbonized fuel of combustion chamber and the fuel gas that forms in vaporizer gasification back, form second-time burning behind many places air distributions such as flame-observing hole 8, fire door 2, wind distributing hole 7, burned flame enters boiler furnace through crater, substitutes coal, oil, combustion gas acting.Biomass fuel is behind gasification, and combustion, forming ash content or slag gradually in the combustion chamber accumulates on the fire grate, behind ash content and slag formation certain altitude, open broken mucking machine motor, make ash content and slag under the effect of broken helical blade, it is anti-to fall into ash after being released slag notch 14 gradually from the fire grate of bottom, combustion chamber below.

The present invention can utilize existing steam coal layer thickness control technology, can control the ash content height automatically, finishes the automation control of slagging tap.The motor of air-introduced machine and feeder is replaced with buncher, can controls two rotating speed of motor, reach the purpose of automatic control burner output heat energy according to boiler pressure or boiler leaving water temperature.

Claims

1, a kind of biomass burner, comprise vaporizer and combustion chamber, it is characterized in that: be provided with feeder in the vaporizer outside and be communicated with the bottom of vaporizer, it is relative with sprocket wheel on the speed reducer output shaft to be provided with sprocket wheel on the axle that is provided with helical blade of feeder, the top of feeder housing be provided with charging aperture with above the feed bin discharging opening be communicated with, housing top at the feeder discharging section has fire hole, and its aperture is furnished with cover plate; The combustion chamber is communicated with vaporizer and is relative with vaporizer, on the wall of combustion chamber, be provided with crater, wind distributing hole, be provided with broken slag tapping equipment in the burning chamber shell bottom, the helical blade of this broken slag tapping equipment is the discontinuous helical blades of a plurality of mutual disconnections, stretch in the below of combustion chamber fire grate in this discontinuous helical blade, bottom at the external end head of broken slag tapping equipment housing has slag notch, and it is relative with sprocket wheel on another speed reducer output shaft to be provided with sprocket wheel on the axle of this broken slag tapping equipment.

2, biomass fuel glassware according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the discontinuous helical blade of described broken slag tapping equipment be provided with gripper shoe with screw propulsion direction opposite surfaces.

3, biomass burner according to claim 1 and 2.It is characterized in that: in the pipe tap of distributing device axle rotational support between feed bin and feeder, this axle is provided with blade, and it is relative with another sprocket wheel on the feeder axle that the outer end on this is provided with sprocket wheel.