CN113429498A - Preparation method of low-ammonia natural concentrated latex - Google Patents
Preparation method of low-ammonia natural concentrated latex Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/02—Chemical or physical treatment of rubber latex before or during concentration
- C08C1/06—Preservation of rubber latex
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/02—Chemical or physical treatment of rubber latex before or during concentration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/02—Chemical or physical treatment of rubber latex before or during concentration
- C08C1/04—Purifying; Deproteinising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/02—Chemical or physical treatment of rubber latex before or during concentration
- C08C1/075—Concentrating
- C08C1/10—Concentrating by centrifugation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
- C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/15—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring
- C08K5/151—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring having one oxygen atom in the ring
- C08K5/1535—Five-membered rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- C08K5/19—Quaternary ammonium compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of low-ammonia natural concentrated latex, which comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps of S1 fresh latex pretreatment, S2 latex preservation, S3 centrifugation, S4 ammonia supplementation to obtain a concentrated latex product, wherein the ammonia content is low, about 0.15%, the concentrated latex has stable performance and low volatile acid value under the condition of low ammonia, the pungent smell is reduced, the viscosity change is small, the mechanical stability reaches 1200S, the mechanical stability of zinc oxide is 251S, the thermal stability is 65S, and all indexes of the concentrated latex meet the standard requirements, so that the concentrated latex product has good application in the production of latex products for downstream latex products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of natural concentrated latex, in particular to a preparation method of low-ammonia natural concentrated latex.
Background
The natural concentrated latex is prepared by separating the excessive water and impurities from latex particles of fresh latex through high-speed centrifugation. The natural concentrated latex can be made into various products such as meteorological balloons, foaming products, latex gloves, latex condoms and the like, and influences the life of people in every aspect. The concentrated latex contains abundant non-rubber substances such as protein, sugar, lipid, inorganic salt, enzyme and the like, and can easily and quickly putrefy the concentrated latex under the action of bacteria and enzyme, thereby causing serious influence on the product quality, the product production and the economic benefit. For a long time, in order to prevent the volatile acid value of the concentrated latex from increasing and maintain the stability of the processing and production of the latex, it is common practice to add 0.7% of liquid ammonia as an antistaling agent for the concentrated latex. However, the liquid ammonia has strong pungent odor and corrosiveness, which seriously affects the working and production environment, harms the health of workers and even pollutes the environment. Therefore, it is very important and urgent to research the new environmental-friendly ultra-low ammonia concentrated latex to replace the traditional high ammonia concentrated latex which only uses a liquid ammonia storage system.
The patent "a concentrated natural latex with ultra-low ammonia and its preparation method", patent No.: CN110577610A, adding zinc oxide into the antistaling agent, and adding a large amount of zinc oxide to cause the zinc ions and zinc ammonia complex to be dissociated, thereby compressing the double electric layers of latex particles, reducing the repulsive force among the latex particles and causing the generation of unstable factors of concentrated latex. Therefore, the low-ammonia concentrated milk has great problems in large-scale production and application.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for preparing low-ammonia natural concentrated latex, which solves the above problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a method for preparing low-ammonia natural concentrated latex comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment of fresh latex: collecting fresh latex, filtering, removing impurities and clots, adding a precipitator, standing for 8-25 h, adjusting the mass fraction of ammonia to 0.13-0.18%, and taking upper-layer latex to obtain latex I;
s2, latex preservation: adding a preservative into the latex obtained in the step S1, uniformly stirring, clarifying for 10-24 hours, and removing sediments to obtain a latex II;
s3, centrifugation: pouring the latex II into a centrifugal machine for centrifugation, and separating whey and concentrated milk;
s4, ammonia supplementation: and (3) supplementing ammonia to the concentrated latex until the mass fraction is 0.15%, adding a preservative, storing for 10-20 days, foaming, adding a stabilizer, and vulcanizing to obtain a concentrated latex finished product.
Further, the precipitant comprises sodium hexametaphosphate, chitosan and water
Further, the precipitating agent is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1-5: 2-7: 45-80 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, chitosan and water.
Further, the preservative is cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, D-sodium erythorbate, sodium citrate and potassium pyrophosphate.
Further, the preservative is cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, D-sodium erythorbate, sodium citrate and potassium pyrophosphate in a mass ratio of 2-5: 8-10: 3-6: 1.
Further, the mass ratio of the preservative of S2 to the latex is 0.003-0.01: 1.
Further, the centrifugal temperature of S3 is 25-35 ℃, the centrifugal rotating speed is 6000-8000 rpm, and the diameters of the adjusting screw and the flow tube are 9mm and 12mm respectively.
Further, the mass ratio of the preservative of S4 to the concentrated milk is 0.0005-0.001: 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the concentrated latex prepared by the invention has low ammonia content of about 0.15 percent, stable concentrated latex performance and low volatile acid value under the condition of low ammonia, reduces pungent smell, has small viscosity change and achieves the mechanical stability of 1200 s; the preservative is adopted, so that the generation of irritant gas is greatly reduced in the production and processing process of the low-ammonia concentrated milk, the volatile acid value is less than 0.02%, the mechanical stability reaches 1200s, the mechanical stability of zinc oxide is 251s, the thermal stability is 65s, and all indexes of the concentrated milk meet the standard requirements, and the low-ammonia concentrated milk is well applied to the production of latex products for downstream latex products.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Example 1
A method for preparing low-ammonia natural concentrated latex comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment of fresh latex: collecting fresh latex, filtering, removing impurities and clots, adding a precipitator, standing for 8 hours, wherein the precipitator is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 2: 45 of sodium hexametaphosphate, chitosan and water, adjusting the mass fraction of ammonia to be 0.13 percent, and taking the upper layer of latex to obtain latex I;
s2, latex preservation: adding a preservative into the latex obtained in the step S1, wherein the mass ratio of the preservative to the latex is 0.003:1, uniformly stirring, clarifying for 10 hours, and removing sediments to obtain latex II, wherein the preservative is cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, D-sodium erythorbate, sodium citrate and potassium pyrophosphate with the mass ratio of 2:8:3: 1;
s3, centrifugation: pouring the latex II into a centrifuge for centrifugation at 5 ℃, 6000rpm for 5min, and separating whey and concentrated milk, wherein the diameters of an adjusting screw and a flow tube are respectively 9mm and 12 mm;
s4, ammonia supplementation: adding ammonia into the concentrated milk until the mass fraction is 0.15%, adding a preservative, wherein the mass ratio of the preservative to the concentrated milk is 0.0005:1, storing for 10 days, and foaming to obtain a concentrated latex finished product.
Example 2
A method for preparing low-ammonia natural concentrated latex comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment of fresh latex: collecting fresh latex, filtering, removing impurities and clots, adding a precipitator, standing for 25h, wherein the precipitator is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 7: 80 of sodium hexametaphosphate, chitosan and water, adjusting the mass fraction of ammonia to be 0.18 percent, and taking the upper layer of latex to obtain latex I;
s2, latex preservation: adding a preservative into the latex obtained in the step S1, wherein the mass ratio of the preservative to the latex is 0.01:1, uniformly stirring, clarifying for 24 hours, and removing sediments to obtain a latex II, wherein the preservative is cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, D-sodium erythorbate, sodium citrate and potassium pyrophosphate with the mass ratio of 5:10:6: 1;
s3, centrifugation: pouring the latex II into a centrifuge for centrifugation at the centrifugal temperature of 35 ℃, the centrifugal rotation speed of 8000rpm for 10min, and adjusting the diameters of a screw and a flow tube to be 9mm and 12mm respectively, so as to separate whey and concentrated milk;
s4, ammonia supplementation: and (3) supplementing ammonia to the concentrated milk until the mass fraction is 0.15%, adding a preservative, wherein the mass ratio of the preservative to the concentrated milk I is 0.001:1, storing for 20 days, and foaming to obtain a concentrated latex finished product.
Example 3
A method for preparing low-ammonia natural concentrated latex comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment of fresh latex: collecting fresh latex, filtering, removing impurities and clots, adding a precipitator, and standing for 16h, wherein the precipitator is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass of 3: 5: 60 of sodium hexametaphosphate, chitosan and water, adjusting the mass fraction of ammonia to be 0.15%, and taking the upper layer of latex to obtain latex I;
s2, latex preservation: adding a preservative into the latex obtained in the step S1, wherein the mass ratio of the preservative to the latex is 0.007:1, uniformly stirring, clarifying for 10-24 h, and removing sediments to obtain a latex II, wherein the preservative is cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, D-sodium erythorbate, sodium citrate and potassium pyrophosphate in the mass ratio of 4:9:5: 1;
s3, centrifugation: pouring the latex II into a centrifuge for centrifugation, wherein the centrifugation temperature is 30 ℃, the centrifugation speed is 7200rpm, and the centrifugation is 8min, so that whey and concentrated milk are separated;
s4, ammonia supplementation: and (3) supplementing ammonia to the concentrated milk until the mass fraction is 0.15%, adding a preservative, wherein the mass ratio of the preservative to the concentrated milk I is 0.0008:1, storing for 16 days, and foaming to obtain a concentrated latex finished product.
Example 4
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 3 is that the precipitating agent is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 5: 3: 1: 40 sodium hexametaphosphate, chitosan and water.
Example 5
This example differs from example 3 in that the preservative is cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, sodium D-erythorbate, sodium citrate and potassium pyrophosphate in a mass ratio of 1:1:2: 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is different from example 3 in that no precipitant is added in the step of S1 and left to stand.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that no preservative was added in the step of S4.
First, index measurement
The low ammonia concentrated latex prepared in the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to the following detection indexes:
from the table, the low-ammonia natural latex is stable, the adopted preservative replaces the traditional preservative, the ammonia content is reduced to about 0.15%, the volatile acid content is low, and the pungent odor is greatly reduced in the processing process, compared with the comparative example 1, in the examples 1-5, the precipitator is added in S1, so that insoluble or soluble impurities in the fresh latex can be removed, the purity of the obtained latex I is high, compared with the comparative example 2, the preservative provided by the invention is scientifically selected, the latex stability is improved, and meanwhile, the adhesive film tension is improved by combining the operation steps; compared with the embodiment 4, the embodiment 1-3 has the advantages that the proportion of the precipitator is in a proper range, so that the precipitation effect can be effectively improved; compared with example 5, the quality ratio of the preservative improves the stability of the latex under the condition that the ammonia content is reduced under a proper proportion through a large amount of creative experiments.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A method for preparing low-ammonia natural concentrated latex is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment of fresh latex: collecting fresh latex, filtering, removing impurities and clots, adding a precipitator, standing for 8-25 h, adjusting the mass fraction of ammonia to 0.13-0.18%, and taking upper-layer latex to obtain latex I;
s2, latex preservation: adding a preservative into the latex obtained in the step S1, uniformly stirring, clarifying for 10-24 hours, and removing sediments to obtain a latex II;
s3, centrifugation: pouring the latex II into a centrifugal machine for centrifugation, and separating whey and concentrated milk;
s4, ammonia supplementation: and (3) supplementing ammonia to 0.15 mass percent of the concentrated latex, adding a preservative, storing for 10-20 days, foaming, and vulcanizing to obtain a concentrated latex finished product.
2. The method for preparing a low-ammonia natural concentrated latex according to claim 1, wherein: the precipitant comprises sodium hexametaphosphate, chitosan and water.
3. The method for preparing a low-ammonia natural concentrated latex according to claim 2, wherein: the precipitating agent is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1-5: 2-7: 45-80 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, chitosan and water.
4. The method for preparing a low-ammonia natural concentrated latex according to claim 1, wherein: the preservative is cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, D-sodium erythorbate, sodium citrate and potassium pyrophosphate.
5. The method for preparing a low-ammonia natural concentrated latex according to claim 4, wherein: the preservative is cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, D-sodium erythorbate, sodium citrate and potassium pyrophosphate in a mass ratio of 2-5: 8-10: 3-6: 1.
6. The method for preparing a low-ammonia natural concentrated latex according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the preservative of S2 to the latex is 0.003-0.01: 1.
7. The method for preparing a low-ammonia natural concentrated latex according to claim 1, wherein: and the centrifugal temperature of S3 is 25-35 ℃, the centrifugal rotating speed is 6000-8000 rpm, and the diameters of the adjusting screw and the flow tube are 9mm and 12mm respectively.
8. The method for preparing a low-ammonia natural concentrated latex according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the preservative to the concentrated milk of S4 is 0.0005-0.001: 1.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113929977A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-14 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Ageing-resistant high-strength natural rubber and preparation method thereof |
| CN114409829A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-29 | 淄博鲁华泓锦新材料集团股份有限公司 | Isoprene latex concentration method |
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| CN114409829A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-29 | 淄博鲁华泓锦新材料集团股份有限公司 | Isoprene latex concentration method |
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