CN113429193A

CN113429193A - Novel water storage environment functional material and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113429193A
Application number: CN202110778019.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪远; 邵雁; 郭华军; 高智荣; 刘子豪; 向浩; 胡国峰; 陈堃; 汪迪; 覃慧; 刘颖
Original assignee: China City Environment Protection Engineering Ltd
Current assignee: China City Environment Protection Engineering Ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-09
Filing date: 2021-07-09
Publication date: 2021-09-24

Abstract

The invention provides a novel water storage environment functional material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of environment functional materials, wherein the prepared raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 40-75% of river and lake sludge, 10-45% of oil-based rock debris, 5-25% of organic fiber, 0-20% of phase adjustment compound agent, 0.2-2% of plasticizer and 0.3-2% of foaming agent. This novel retaining environmental function material has prepared novel environmental retaining functional material based on the resourceful treatment of oil base detritus, has effectively reduced the environmental risk that solid waste handled, has obtained the retaining haydite simultaneously and has been used for water resource conservation, is favorable to environmental protection.

Description

Novel water storage environment functional material and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of environment functional materials, in particular to a novel water storage environment functional material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Oil-based drilling fluids produce significant amounts of oil-based cuttings during use in horizontal and directional well drilling operations. After the primary treatment on site, a considerable part of oil sludge is still attached to the granular oil-based rock debris, so that the solid waste contains a large amount of benzene series, phenols, anthracene, pyrene and other organic matters, and copper, zinc, chromium, mercury and other heavy metals. Currently, such oil-based cuttings have been brought into the national records of hazardous waste. At present, a common domestic harmless treatment mode is an incineration method, namely oil-based rock debris and coal powder are uniformly mixed and then are conveyed to a boiler for combustion. However, in the extensive treatment mode, oil-based rock debris is possibly highly viscous to cause insufficient mixing or equipment blockage, so that environmental risks are caused, and the incinerated ash and slag are required to be subjected to landfill treatment according to the environmental protection requirement, so that the treatment cost is increased.

On the other hand, the water purification-storage ecological argil is an artificial porous material made of clay, shale or industrial solid waste, and can be used in the fields of water purification-storage, water resource conservation, ecological restoration and other various environmental functions. The conventional ceramsite is prepared by adding a foaming agent or a combustible component into the sintered ceramsite. After firing, the strength is generally higher, but the general pore uniformity is poorer, the porosity is lower, and the porous structure is mostly closed pore canal structure, which can not meet the requirement of the water storage material for porous through hole. At present, the preparation of the ecological environment-friendly ceramsite mainly focuses on a high-temperature sintering and expanding pore-forming technology or a chemical foaming pore-forming technology, and high requirements on raw materials, heat source supply, preparation details and the like are provided.

The main component of the oil-based rock debris is SiO₂、Al₂O₃、CaO、Fe₂O₃The main components of the ceramsite comprise shale which is one of the main raw materials for preparing the ceramsite; in addition, the oil content in the oil-based rock debris can reach 5-10%, and the oil-based rock debris can supplement a heat source in the roasting process of the ceramsite; moreover, the particle size of the oil-based rock debris is usually below millimeter, and the oil-based rock debris can be used as a raw material for preparing ceramsite raw materials without pretreatment. However, the oil-based rock debris serving as the raw material of the water storage ceramsite still faces the adverse factors of high viscosity, unreasonable components, excessive heavy metal risk and the like.

Therefore, by reasonably and effectively designing the formula and the firing process, the heat energy and the substance components in the oil-based rock debris and the gas production process under the high-temperature condition are fully utilized to prepare the novel water storage functional material with communicated pores, and the novel water storage functional material has important significance in view of environmental protection and resource recycling.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the novel water storage environment functional material and the preparation method thereof are provided, the novel environment water storage functional material is prepared based on the resource treatment of the oil-based rock debris, the environmental risk of solid waste treatment is effectively reduced, and simultaneously, the water storage ceramsite is obtained for water resource conservation and is beneficial to environmental protection.

The invention provides a novel water storage environment functional material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: 40-75% of river and lake sludge, 10-45% of oil-based rock debris, 5-25% of organic fiber, 0-20% of phase adjustment compound agent, 0.2-2% of plasticizer and 0.3-2% of foaming agent.

Wherein the content of organic matters in the river and lake sludge is 5-30%, the particle size of gas is less than 1mm after dry grinding or wet grinding, and the too large particle size is unfavorable for phase reaction in the high-temperature roasting stage of sintered ceramsite and influences the structural strength of the ceramsite.

Preferably, the organic fiber comprises one or more of terylene, acrylic fiber, chinlon, polypropylene fiber, high-performance fiber, aramid fiber, polyethylene fiber and polyvinyl chloride fiber, wherein the diameter of the cross section of the fiber or the equivalent diameter of the fiber is 0.05-2mm, and the length of the fiber is 0.2-3 cm.

Preferably, the phase adjustment compound agent is prepared by compounding one or more of glass powder, water glass, sodium metaaluminate, quartz and red mud with fly ash, and the particle size of the compound agent is less than 1 mm.

Preferably, the plasticizer comprises one or more of a polyvinyl pyridinium salt, a polyacrylamide, an EVA latex.

Preferably, the foaming agent is a compound of one or more of ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate; the particles of the blowing agent are sieved through a 200 mesh sieve, i.e. the particle size is below 75 μm.

A preparation method of any one of the novel water storage environment functional materials comprises the following steps: mixing the oil-based rock debris and the plasticizer in proportion, adding the river and lake sludge raw material, the organic fiber, the phase adjustment compound agent and the foaming agent, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, placing the mixture into a granulator to be pressed and formed into particles with the particle size of 1-4cm, and then drying, sintering, cooling and forming to obtain the environment-friendly high-performance environmental water storage material.

Preferably, the sintering process flow is as follows:

step 1: controlling the temperature of a hearth to be 100-180 ℃, and baking for 10-200 min to remove free water in the raw material balls so as to ensure that the water content of the raw material balls is lower than 20%;

step 2: then raising the temperature of the hearth to 250-400 ℃, and baking for 10-40min to remove the bound water in the raw meal balls;

and step 3: continuously raising the temperature of the hearth to 550-650 ℃, and preserving the heat for 5-30min to remove most of organic matters in the material balls;

and 4, step 4: rapidly raising the temperature of the hearth (the temperature rise rate is controlled to be not less than 30 ℃/min) to 800-1000 ℃, and roasting for 5-30 min;

and 5: after roasting is finished, quickly cooling to below 650 ℃ (the cooling rate is controlled to be not lower than 30 ℃/min), and then naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the fired environmental water storage ceramsite.

In the invention, river and lake silt and oil-based rock debris form a basic substance body of the ceramsite and basically meet the requirement of SiO after roasting₂53-78% of Al in the total mass ratio₂O₃The ratio is 10-25%, and CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O and Fe are controlled by adding various substance components_xO_yThe proportion of the fluxing component is 13-27%.

The firing temperature-rising program control principle of the ceramsite is as follows:

firstly, the burning point of organic matters is not reached below 400 ℃, free water and bound water in the raw material of the ceramsite can be removed, and the cracking of spheres caused by water evaporation at high temperature is prevented;

quickly heating to 650 ℃ of 500-; in the temperature range, inorganic matters in the ceramsite exist in a solid state, and the foaming agent does not reach the foaming temperature and is not foamed;

thirdly, the temperature is quickly raised to 800-plus-1000 ℃, and SiO can be obviously reduced under the action of cosolvent, CaO, MgO and other fluxing components of the silt and the oil-based rock debris₂、Al₂O₃The melting temperature of the main components is equal, so that the pellets (ceramsite) are in a semi-solid state (not completely liquefied in the temperature range) during high-temperature roasting, and in the temperature range, the foaming agent is thermally decomposed and foamed to generate gas which can prop up the interior of the pellets (partially overflowed), but the ceramsite can keep a better pellet form, cannot collapse, and can keep a better internal pore structure of the ceramsite; in the high temperature process, the components of Si, Al and the like are mixed with CaO, MgO and K₂O、Na₂O、Fe_xO_yAnd the fluxing component forms mineral substances, and can fix heavy metal with low content in a mineral structure to finish the solidification and stabilization of the heavy metal.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the problem of oil base detritus viscosity high is solved: when the viscosity of the oil-based rock debris is high, the oil-based rock debris is not easy to be directly and fully mixed with main components such as sludge and the like; according to the invention, the plasticizer and the organic fiber are added into the oil-based rock debris, so that the high-viscosity oil-based rock debris is improved, and the oil-based rock debris with lower viscosity is mixed with the sludge, so that the molding and the structural stability of the ceramsite raw material are facilitated;

(2) the problem of unreasonable components is solved: the oil-based rock debris comprises SiO required for preparing ceramsite₂、Al₂O₃And fluxing components such as Ca and Fe, but SiO₂20-30% of Al₂O₃5-20 percent of the total weight of the raw materials, 10-30 percent of cosolvent and higher barite content; the material ratio required for preparing the ceramsite is as follows: SiO 2₂53-78% of Al in the total mass ratio₂O₃The proportion of the fluxing agent is 10-25%, and the sum of the fluxing components such as CaO, MgO and the like is 13-27%. The material components of the oil-based rock debris are greatly different from the components required by ceramsite preparation, and the material proportioning condition is improved through reasonable compounding;

(3) the problem of heavy metal exceeding is solved: the oil-based rock debris contains heavy metals such as Cr, Zn, Pb and the like, the random stacking has the risk of exceeding the standard of the heavy metals, and the heavy metals are solidified by forming a mineral phase through high-temperature roasting, so that the release of the heavy metals to the environment is avoided;

the novel environmental water storage functional material is prepared based on the resource treatment of the oil-based rock debris, the environmental risk of solid waste treatment and disposal is effectively reduced, and the water storage ceramsite is obtained for water resource conservation and is beneficial to environmental protection.

Detailed Description

Example 1

The novel water storage environment functional material provided by the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 70% of river and lake sludge, 15% of oil-based rock debris, 20% of organic fiber, 8% of phase adjustment compound agent, 1% of plasticizer and 1% of foaming agent.

Wherein the content of organic matters in the river and lake sludge is 15%, and the particle size of the gas is less than 1mm after dry grinding or wet grinding. The organic fiber comprises terylene, acrylic fiber, polyethylene fiber and polyvinyl chloride fiber, the diameter of the cross section of the fiber or the equivalent diameter of the fiber is between 0.05 and 2mm, and the length of the fiber is between 0.2 and 3 cm. The phase adjusting compound agent is prepared by compounding sodium metaaluminate, quartz, red mud and fly ash, and the particle size of the particles is less than 1 mm. The plasticizer comprises polyvinyl pyridinium salt and EVA latex. The foaming agent is a compound of ferric sulfate, calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate; the particles of the blowing agent are sieved through a 200 mesh sieve, i.e. the particle size is below 75 μm.

The preparation method of the novel water storage environment functional material comprises the following steps: mixing the oil-based rock debris and the plasticizer in proportion, adding the river and lake sludge raw material, the organic fiber, the phase adjustment compound agent and the foaming agent, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, placing the mixture into a granulator to be pressed and formed into particles with the particle size of 1-4cm, and then drying, sintering, cooling and forming to obtain the environment-friendly high-performance environmental water storage material.

Wherein, the sintering process flow is as follows:

step 1: controlling the temperature of a hearth to be 120-150 ℃, and baking for 100min to remove free water in the raw material balls so as to ensure that the water content of the raw material balls is lower than 20%;

step 2: then raising the temperature of the hearth to 350-400 ℃, and baking for 25min to remove the bound water in the raw meal balls;

and step 3: continuously raising the temperature of the hearth to 550-;

and 4, step 4: rapidly raising the temperature of the hearth (the temperature rise rate is controlled to be not less than 30 ℃/min) to 800-1000 ℃, and roasting for 20 min;

and 5: after roasting is finished, quickly cooling to below 650 ℃ (the cooling rate is controlled to be not lower than 30 ℃/min), or naturally cooling to room temperature, thus obtaining the environment functional water storage ceramsite with the mass water storage coefficient (water absorption mass/ceramsite mass) of 0.76 and the compressive strength of 1.1 MPa.

Example 2

The novel water storage environment functional material provided by the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40% of river and lake sludge, 35% of oil-based rock debris, 7% of organic fiber, 3.7% of phase adjustment compound agent, 0.8% of plasticizer and 1.5% of foaming agent.

Wherein the content of organic matters in the river and lake sludge is 20%, and the particle size of the gas is less than 1mm after dry grinding or wet grinding. The organic fiber comprises polyamide fiber, polypropylene fiber, high-performance fiber and polyethylene fiber, the diameter of the cross section of the fiber or the equivalent diameter of the fiber is 0.05-2mm, and the length of the fiber is 0.2-3 cm. The phase-adjusting compound agent is prepared by compounding glass powder, water glass, red mud and fly ash, and the particle size of the compound agent is less than 1 mm. The plasticizer comprises polyacrylamide. The foaming agent is a compound of ferrous sulfate and calcium sulfate, and the particles of the foaming agent pass through a 200-mesh sieve, namely the particle size of the foaming agent is less than 75 mu m.

Wherein, the sintering process flow is as follows:

step 1: controlling the temperature of a hearth to be 150-180 ℃, and baking for 68min to remove free water in the raw material balls so as to ensure that the water content of the raw material balls is lower than 20%;

step 2: then raising the temperature of the hearth to 250-300 ℃, and baking for 40min to remove the bound water in the raw meal balls;

and step 3: continuously raising the temperature of the hearth to 550-650 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 25min to remove most of organic matters in the material balls;

and 4, step 4: rapidly raising the temperature of the hearth (the temperature rise rate is controlled to be not less than 30 ℃/min) to 800-1000 ℃, and roasting for 15 min;

and 5: after roasting is finished, quickly cooling to below 650 ℃ (the cooling rate is controlled to be not lower than 30 ℃/min), or naturally cooling to room temperature, thus obtaining the environmental water storage ceramsite with the mass water storage coefficient of 0.87 and the compressive strength of 1.3 MPa.

Example 3

The novel water storage environment functional material provided by the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 53% of river and lake sludge, 20% of oil-based rock debris, 15% of organic fiber, 15% of phase adjustment compound agent, 1.5% of plasticizer and 0.5% of foaming agent.

Wherein the content of organic matters in the river and lake sludge is 5%, and the particle size of the gas is less than 1mm after dry grinding or wet grinding. The organic fiber comprises terylene, acrylon, chinlon, polypropylene fiber, high-performance fiber, aramid fiber, polyethylene fiber and polyvinyl chloride fiber, the diameter of the cross section of the fiber or the equivalent diameter of the fiber is 0.05-2mm, and the length of the fiber is 1-3 cm. The phase adjusting compound agent is prepared by compounding various substances of glass powder, water glass, sodium metaaluminate, quartz and red mud with fly ash, and the particle size of the particles is less than 1 mm. The plasticizer comprises polyvinyl pyridine salt, polyacrylamide and EVA latex. The foaming agent is a compound of a plurality of substances of ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate; the particles of the blowing agent are sieved through a 200 mesh sieve, i.e. the particle size is below 75 μm.

Wherein, the sintering process flow is as follows:

step 1: controlling the temperature of a hearth to be 100-120 ℃, and baking for 200min to remove free water in the raw material balls so as to ensure that the water content of the raw material balls is lower than 20%;

step 2: then raising the temperature of the hearth to 300-350 ℃, and baking for 10min to remove the bound water in the raw meal balls;

and step 3: continuously raising the temperature of the hearth to 550-650 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 8min to remove most of organic matters in the material balls;

and 4, step 4: rapidly raising the temperature of the hearth (the temperature rise rate is controlled to be not less than 30 ℃/min) to 800-1000 ℃, and roasting for 8 min;

and 5: after roasting is finished, quickly cooling to below 650 ℃ (the cooling rate is controlled to be not lower than 30 ℃/min), and then naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the environmental water storage ceramsite with the mass water storage coefficient of 0.91 and the compressive strength of 0.87 MPa.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The novel water storage environment functional material is characterized in that the prepared raw material consists of the following materials in percentage by weight: 40-75% of river and lake sludge, 10-45% of oil-based rock debris, 5-25% of organic fiber, 0-20% of phase adjustment compound agent, 0.2-2% of plasticizer and 0.3-2% of foaming agent.

2. A novel water-storing environmental functional material as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the organic fiber comprises one or more of terylene, acrylic fiber, chinlon, polypropylene fiber, high-performance fiber, aramid fiber, polyethylene fiber and polyvinyl chloride fiber, wherein the diameter of the cross section of the fiber or the equivalent diameter of the fiber is 0.05-2mm, and the length of the fiber is 0.2-3 cm.

3. A novel water-storing environmental functional material as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the phase adjusting compound agent is prepared by compounding one or more of glass powder, water glass, sodium metaaluminate, quartz and red mud with fly ash, and the particle size of the compound agent is less than 1 mm.

4. A novel water-storing environmental functional material as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the plasticizer comprises one or more of polyvinyl pyridinium, polyacrylamide, EVA latex, and starch.

5. A novel water-storing environmental functional material as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the foaming agent is one or a plurality of substances of ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate; the particles of the blowing agent are sieved through a 200 mesh sieve, i.e. the particle size is below 75 μm.

6. A method for preparing a novel water storage environment functional material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: mixing the oil-based rock debris and the plasticizer in proportion, adding the river and lake sludge raw material, the organic fiber, the phase adjustment compound agent and the foaming agent, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, placing the mixture into a granulator to be pressed and formed into particles with the particle size of 1-4cm, and then drying, sintering, cooling and forming to obtain the environment-friendly high-performance environmental water storage material.

7. A method for preparing a novel water storage environment functional material as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the sintering process flow is as follows:

step 2: then raising the temperature of the hearth to 200-400 ℃, baking for 10-40min to remove the bound water in the raw meal balls and to be below the ignition temperature in the raw meal balls;