CN113428370A - Integral oil tank and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Integral oil tank and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113428370A
CN113428370A CN202010206830.5A CN202010206830A CN113428370A CN 113428370 A CN113428370 A CN 113428370A CN 202010206830 A CN202010206830 A CN 202010206830A CN 113428370 A CN113428370 A CN 113428370A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
skin
skeleton
oil tank
fuel tank
manufacturing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202010206830.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘伟
韦楠楠
杨晓亚
王文强
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hiwing Aviation General Equipment Co ltd
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Hiwing Aviation General Equipment Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hiwing Aviation General Equipment Co ltd filed Critical Hiwing Aviation General Equipment Co ltd
Priority to CN202010206830.5A priority Critical patent/CN113428370A/en
Publication of CN113428370A publication Critical patent/CN113428370A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D37/00Arrangements in connection with fuel supply for power plant
    • B64D37/02Tanks
    • B64D37/06Constructional adaptations thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B29C70/342Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/68Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
    • B29C70/681Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C70/683Pretreatment of the preformed part, e.g. insert
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3076Aircrafts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/40Weight reduction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an integral oil tank and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the integral oil tank comprises a framework and a skin, the framework is a main force transmission structure, the skin is made of a whole piece of composite material and integrally formed with the framework and is wrapped outside the framework, the skin and the framework are cured and formed through co-bonding, and the position of a fuel oil filling port cover is arranged on the skin. The invention solves the problems that in the prior art, the number of oil tank connecting standard parts is large, the number of holes is large, the number of skin butt joints is large, the sealing difficulty is high, and the formed oil tank has higher oil leakage risk in the using process.

Description

Integral oil tank and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil tank design, and particularly relates to an integrally formed oil tank.
Background
In the structural design of modern airplanes, the oil tanks are mostly rubber soft oil tanks and integral oil tanks, wherein the integral oil tanks are divided into conventional oil tanks sealed by welding and sealing glue. The manufacturing procedure of the rubber soft oil tank is complicated and complex, the cost is high, the volume utilization rate of the structural space is not high, the welding oil tank is mostly of metal welding structures such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel, and the weight-to-weight ratio is high. Therefore, more and more tank structures employ conventional integral tanks sealed with a sealant. The sealed whole oil tank of sealed glue generally adopts skeleton covering structure, and the covering uses the shaping of compound material, has just so effectually reduced structural weight, but this kind of oil tank connection standard spare is many, and system hole quantity is just more, and the covering is to the seam again many, and this has just increased sealed degree of difficulty, makes the oil tank after the shaping have higher oil leak risk in the use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides an integral oil tank and a manufacturing method thereof. The scheme of the invention can solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
according to one aspect of the invention, the integral fuel tank comprises a framework and a skin, wherein the framework is a main force transmission structure, the skin is made of a whole piece of composite material and is integrally formed with the framework and wrapped outside the framework, the skin and the framework are formed by co-bonding and curing, and the position of a fuel filling port cover is arranged on the skin.
Furthermore, the framework comprises two force transmission beams, end frames and ring frames, the two end frames are positioned at two ends of the framework, the positions and the shapes of the end frames are determined according to the length of an oil tank and the shape of the end face, the ring frame is positioned between the two end frames, the shape of the ring frame is determined according to the shape of the oil tank at the position, the force transmission beams are connected with the end frames and the ring frame, the force transmission beams are positioned on the outer rings of the end frames and the ring frame, and the force transmission beams, the end frames and the ring frame support the skin together.
Furthermore, the external joint is a component for connecting the oil tank with the outside, and a position and a device for installing the external joint are arranged at the corresponding position of the framework.
Furthermore, the strength of the framework needs to meet the bearing requirement of the oil tank.
Furthermore, the skin is in a composite material laminated plate structure.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a monoblock fuel tank according to the above, comprising the steps of:
the skeleton parts of the oil tank are solidified and assembled into a complete skeleton;
laying and compacting the wet skin on a pre-laying mold, wherein the shearing area of the skin is upward;
placing a pasting medium at the position where the skeleton is contacted with the skin;
placing the whole oil tank skin on a common adhesive joint curing tool base;
opening a cut of the skin, placing the framework into the skin, folding the skin, and finishing and flattening;
covering the joint glue curing chemical installation upper cover on the upper side of the oil tank;
punching a hole on the skin according to the opening of the joint glue solidification upper cover to be used as the position of the fuel oil filling port cover;
carrying out co-bonding curing on the oil tank;
and installing an external connector.
Furthermore, a layer-by-layer structure is formed between each layer of the cut of the skin, and each layer is isolated by an isolating cloth.
Preferably, the layer-entering structures on the two sides of the skin shear opening compensate each other, so that the skins at the interface of each layer can be folded.
Furthermore, the shape of the inner surface of the pre-laying mold is the same as that of the lower half part of the outer profile of the framework.
Further, the skin is wet skin before being subjected to co-bonding curing.
Further, after the oil tank is subjected to joint bonding and curing, the oil tank is subjected to sealing treatment.
The co-adhesive bonding curing tool is divided into an upper part and a lower part, a cavity enclosed by the co-adhesive bonding curing tool is conformal to the appearance of an oil tank, the size of the cavity is slightly larger than that of the oil tank, and an opening is formed in the co-adhesive bonding curing tool upper cover according to the size and the position of a fuel oil filling port cover.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the integral oil tank is formed by the framework and the composite skin through co-bonding, so that the bearing requirement is met, the use of connecting standard parts is greatly reduced, the skin butt joint is reduced, and the sealing difficulty of the oil tank is reduced;
(2) the integral oil tank is formed by adopting co-adhesive joint, so that the using amount of standard parts is reduced, the structural weight of the oil tank is reduced, and the cost is saved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an integral fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a skeleton view of a one-piece fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the shape of the skin of the integral fuel tank after being pre-laid according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a manufacturing step of a one-piece fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a co-bonding curing tool for a monolithic fuel tank according to an embodiment of the invention.
The figures contain the following reference numerals:
1. a transfer beam; 2. an end frame; 3. a ring frame; 5. co-adhesive bonding and curing the tool base; 6. the joint glue is solidified to form the upper cover.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
According to an aspect of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, provided is an integral fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a skeleton and a skin, wherein the skeleton is a main force transmission structure, the skin is made of an integral composite material, and is integrally formed with the skeleton and wrapped outside the skeleton, the skin and the skeleton are cured and formed by co-bonding, and a fuel filling port cover is disposed on the skin.
Further in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the framework comprises two transfer beams, two end frames and two ring frames, the two end frames are positioned at two ends of the framework, the position and the shape of each end frame are determined according to the length of the oil tank and the shape of the end face of the oil tank, the ring frame is positioned between the two end frames, the shape of the ring frame is determined according to the shape of the oil tank at the position, the transfer beams are connected with the end frames and the ring frames, the outer rings of the end frames and the ring frames are positioned, and the transfer beams, the end frames and the ring frames support the skin together.
In one embodiment, the integral fuel tank comprises an external connector, the external connector is a component for connecting the fuel tank with the outside, and a position and a device for installing the external connector are required to be arranged on the corresponding position of the framework.
In one embodiment, the strength of the framework needs to meet the bearing requirement of the oil tank, and the number of the ring frames, the positions of the ring frames, the number of the force transmission beams, the size of the force transmission beams, the structures of the end frames and the materials of the ring frames, the force transmission beams and the end frames can be determined according to the bearing requirement of the oil tank.
In one embodiment, the skins are selected to be full sheets in order to reduce the seams of the skins, and a carbon fiber composite laminated plate structure is adopted in order to reduce the weight of the fuel tank and ensure the strength of the fuel tank.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, there is provided a method of manufacturing a monoblock fuel tank according to the above, comprising the steps of:
firstly, the skeleton parts of the integral oil tank are solidified and assembled into a complete skeleton;
and step two, laying and compacting the wet skin on a pre-laying mold, wherein the cutting area of the skin faces upwards to form the shape shown in fig. 4. In one embodiment, the skin is pre-laid on a pre-lay-up mold, and the layers of carbon fiber are pre-compacted using external vacuum bag pressurization. The carbon fiber skin is reserved with a cut above the oil tank, preferably, in one embodiment, a layer-entering structure is arranged between each layer of the cut of the skin, and each layer is isolated by an isolation cloth, so that the skin is not compacted at the position.
The pre-laying mold has the function of ensuring that the inner side molded surface of the skin can be matched with the outer side molded surface of the framework, and the shape of the inner surface of the pre-laying mold is the same as the shape of the lower half part of the outer side molded surface of the framework.
Thirdly, sticking a resin adhesive film at the contact position of the framework and the skin, wherein in other embodiments, other sticking media can be adopted, so that the sticking strength and reliability can be ensured;
placing the whole oil tank skin on a co-curing tool base, wherein the pre-compacted part is positioned below;
and step five, opening the shearing opening of the skin, placing the framework into the skin, adjusting the gap between the co-bonding curing tool and the oil tank, and finishing and flattening the skin after the skin is folded. The function of the joint bonding curing tool is to ensure the positioning of the skin and the framework;
step six, covering the joint glue solidification mounting upper cover on the upper side of the oil tank;
step seven, punching holes on the skin according to the opening of the upper cover of the common glue solidification assembly, and using the holes as the positions of the fuel oil filling port cover;
step eight, carrying out co-bonding curing on the integral oil tank, in one embodiment, firstly carrying out vacuum bag pressurization on the inner side of the integral oil tank, and after pressure maintaining, placing the co-bonding curing tool and the integral oil tank in an autoclave for co-bonding curing;
step nine, installing an external joint, wherein in one embodiment, the external joint is generally a metal piece, such as an airplane wing joint and the like;
and step ten, carrying out local sealing treatment on the oil tank on the whole oil tank to ensure the sealing property of the whole oil tank.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the joint bonding curing tool is divided into an upper part and a lower part, a cavity enclosed by the interior of the tool is conformal to the shape of the fuel tank, the size of the cavity is slightly larger than that of the fuel tank, and an opening is formed in the joint bonding curing tool upper cover according to the size and the position of the fuel filling port cover.
Compared with the prior art, the integral oil tank and the manufacturing method thereof have the following advantages:
(1) the integral oil tank is formed by the framework and the composite skin through co-bonding, so that the bearing requirement is met, the use of connecting standard parts is greatly reduced, the skin butt joint is reduced, and the sealing difficulty of the oil tank is reduced;
(2) the integral oil tank is formed by adopting co-adhesive joint, so that the using amount of standard parts is reduced, the structural weight of the oil tank is reduced, and the cost is saved.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a whole oil tank, its characterized in that includes skeleton and covering, the skeleton be main force transmission structure, the covering make for whole combined material, with skeleton integrated into one piece design, the parcel is outside the skeleton, covering and skeleton through the joint solidification shaping of joint the covering on set up the position of fuel filling flap.
2. The integral fuel tank of claim 1 wherein the skeleton comprises two transfer beams, two end frames and two ring frames, the two end frames are positioned at two ends of the skeleton, the position and shape of the end frames are determined according to the length of the fuel tank and the shape of the end face, the ring frame is positioned between the two end frames, the shape of the ring frame is determined according to the shape of the fuel tank at the position, the transfer beams are connected with the end frames and the ring frames, are positioned at the outer rings of the end frames and the ring frames, and support the skin together with the end frames and the ring frames.
3. The integral fuel tank of claim 2 wherein the strength of said skeleton is required to meet the load-carrying requirements of the fuel tank.
4. A unit tank according to claim 1, characterized in that the skin is of composite laminate construction, and the locations and means for mounting external fittings are provided at corresponding locations on the skeleton.
5. A method for manufacturing a monoblock fuel tank according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
the skeleton parts of the oil tank are solidified and assembled into a complete skeleton;
laying and compacting the wet skin on a pre-laying mold, wherein the shearing area of the skin is upward;
placing a pasting medium at the position where the skeleton is contacted with the skin;
placing the whole oil tank skin on a common adhesive joint curing tool base;
opening a cut of the skin, placing the framework into the skin, folding the skin, and finishing and flattening;
covering the joint glue curing chemical installation upper cover on the upper side of the oil tank;
punching a hole on the skin according to the opening of the joint glue solidification upper cover to be used as the position of the fuel oil filling port cover;
carrying out co-bonding curing on the oil tank;
and installing an external connector.
6. The method for manufacturing the integral fuel tank as claimed in claim 5, wherein the cut of the skin is of a laminated structure between each layer, and each layer is isolated by an isolating cloth.
7. The method for manufacturing an integral fuel tank as claimed in claim 6, wherein the layer-entering structures at both sides of the skin cut compensate each other, so that the skin at the interface of each layer can be folded.
8. A method for manufacturing a fuel tank as set forth in claim 5, wherein the shape of the inner surface of the pre-lay mold is the same as the shape of the lower half of the outer profile of the skeleton.
9. The method for manufacturing a one-piece fuel tank according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the skin is a wet skin before the co-bonding curing; and after the oil tank is subjected to the joint bonding and curing, sealing the oil tank. .
10. The method for manufacturing the integral fuel tank as claimed in claim 5, wherein the co-adhesive curing tool is divided into an upper part and a lower part, a cavity enclosed by the co-adhesive curing tool is conformal to the shape of the fuel tank, the size of the cavity is slightly larger than the size of the fuel tank, and an opening is formed in the co-adhesive curing tool upper cover according to the size and the position of the fuel filling port cover.
CN202010206830.5A 2020-03-23 2020-03-23 Integral oil tank and manufacturing method thereof Pending CN113428370A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010206830.5A CN113428370A (en) 2020-03-23 2020-03-23 Integral oil tank and manufacturing method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010206830.5A CN113428370A (en) 2020-03-23 2020-03-23 Integral oil tank and manufacturing method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113428370A true CN113428370A (en) 2021-09-24

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114147994A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-03-08 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 Integral forming method for composite cabin structure
CN114212269A (en) * 2021-12-15 2022-03-22 北京机电工程研究所 Oil tank cabin and forming method

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140239122A1 (en) * 2011-10-28 2014-08-28 Daher Aerospace Method for sealing a fuel tank
CN206243492U (en) * 2016-11-28 2017-06-13 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 Unmanned plane monoblock type oil tank
CN107244409A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-10-13 彩虹无人机科技有限公司 A kind of composite wing integral tank structure
CN107792380A (en) * 2017-11-09 2018-03-13 北京航空航天大学 A kind of depopulated helicopter complicated shape composite integral tank structure
CN109822940A (en) * 2019-01-17 2019-05-31 广联航空工业股份有限公司 A method of composite material fuel tank is prepared using integrally forming mould
CN109896030A (en) * 2017-12-07 2019-06-18 海鹰航空通用装备有限责任公司 Unmanned plane air bag lid and unmanned plane with it

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140239122A1 (en) * 2011-10-28 2014-08-28 Daher Aerospace Method for sealing a fuel tank
CN206243492U (en) * 2016-11-28 2017-06-13 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 Unmanned plane monoblock type oil tank
CN107244409A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-10-13 彩虹无人机科技有限公司 A kind of composite wing integral tank structure
CN107792380A (en) * 2017-11-09 2018-03-13 北京航空航天大学 A kind of depopulated helicopter complicated shape composite integral tank structure
CN109896030A (en) * 2017-12-07 2019-06-18 海鹰航空通用装备有限责任公司 Unmanned plane air bag lid and unmanned plane with it
CN109822940A (en) * 2019-01-17 2019-05-31 广联航空工业股份有限公司 A method of composite material fuel tank is prepared using integrally forming mould

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114147994A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-03-08 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 Integral forming method for composite cabin structure
CN114147994B (en) * 2021-11-24 2023-05-05 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 Integral forming method for composite cabin structure
CN114212269A (en) * 2021-12-15 2022-03-22 北京机电工程研究所 Oil tank cabin and forming method

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