CN113427325B - A kind of electromagnetic flow coupling optical surface precision polishing machine tool and processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic flow coupled optical curved surface precision polishing processing machine tool and a processing method, which solve the problem that the processing quality and processing efficiency of complex curved optical components cannot be guaranteed at the same time during the processing process. Guide rail assembly, machine tool column, tool head, angle indexing mechanism, liquid collecting tank, XZ direction precision turntable, XZ direction static pressure guide rail assembly; the machine tool column is fixed on the machine bed, and the Y direction guide rail assembly is fixed on the machine tool column, The Y-direction precision turntable is fixed on the Y-direction guide rail assembly; the tool head is fixed on the angle indexing mechanism, and the angle indexing mechanism drives the tool head to perform pitching motion; the angle indexing mechanism is fixed on the XZ-direction precision turntable, and the XZ-direction precision turntable It is fixed on the XZ-direction static pressure guide rail, and the XZ-direction guide rail assembly is fixed on the machine bed; the liquid collecting tank is fixed on the machine bed and is located under the tool head and the Y-direction precision turntable.

Description

A kind of electromagnetic flow coupling optical surface precision polishing machine tool and processing method

technical field

The design of the invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, and in particular relates to an electromagnetic flow coupled optical curved surface precision polishing processing machine tool and a processing method thereof.

Background technique

With the development and application of optical technology, the requirements for the surface shape accuracy and surface quality of optical components are getting higher and higher, and the materials of optical components are gradually developing towards the direction of hard-to-machine materials with hard and brittle properties. For the processing of optical components, such as ultrasonic polishing, ion beam polishing, airbag polishing, etc., due to the limitation of their own conditions, the polishing efficiency is not high, and the processing of optical surfaces with small curvature cannot be realized. In recent years, the emerging electromagnetic rheological synergistic polishing technology, which is based on the composite superposition of electrorheological polishing and magnetorheological polishing effects, has the advantages of fast response and large yield stress, which can ensure the uniform distribution of abrasives. It can effectively reduce the surface roughness and obtain components with good surface processing quality and less sub-surface damage, which provides a new solution for the processing of complex free-form optical components. Therefore, the present invention proposes a novel polishing machine tool design and processing method to solve the problem that the processing quality and processing efficiency of complex curved optical elements cannot be guaranteed at the same time during processing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problems in the processing of complex optical curved components by ultrasonic polishing, ion beam polishing, airbag polishing and other processing methods, and to solve the problem that the processing quality and processing efficiency of the complex curved optical components cannot be guaranteed at the same time in the processing process, a method is proposed. Electromagnetic flow coupling optical surface precision polishing machine tool and its processing method.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

An electromagnetic flow coupled optical surface precision polishing machine tool, comprising a machine bed 1, a Y-direction precision turntable 2, a Y-direction guide rail assembly 3, a machine tool column 4, a tool head 5, an angle indexing mechanism 6, a liquid collection tank 7, XZ To the precision turntable 8, the XZ direction static pressure guide rail assembly 9; the machine tool column 4 is fixed on the machine bed 1, the Y direction guide rail assembly 3 is fixed on the machine tool column 4, the Y direction precision turntable 2 is fixed on the Y direction guide rail assembly 3 The tool head 5 is fixed on the angle indexing mechanism 6, and the tool head 5 is driven by the angle indexing mechanism 6 to perform pitching motion; the angle indexing mechanism 6 is fixed on the XZ-direction precision turntable 8, and the XZ-direction precision turntable 8 is fixed on the XZ On the static pressure guide rail 9, the XZ direction guide rail assembly 9 is fixed on the machine bed 1;

Further, the center axis of the angle indexing mechanism 6 is in interference fit with the mounting holes on the tool head 5, and a gear transmission mechanism is provided inside the angle indexing mechanism 6. Tilt movement.

Further, the tool head 5 includes an electromagnetic field generating device, a power input part and a braking part; the power input part includes a housing assembly, a servo motor 509, a follower 503, an outer coupling shaft 517, a cylindrical camshaft 520 and a knob 527; the servo motor 509 is fixed above the casing assembly, and the outer coupling shaft 517, the knob 527, the cylindrical camshaft 520 and the follower 503 are all placed inside the casing assembly; the servo motor 509 is connected to the outer coupling shaft 517 through the coupling 511 , the outer coupling shaft 517 is rotatably connected with the housing assembly through the bearing, the bottom of the outer coupling shaft 517 is connected with the knob 527 through the long pin 519, the upper end of the cylindrical camshaft 520 is internally connected with the knob 527 through the spline, and the follower 503 is connected with the cylinder through the pin 504. The lower end of the camshaft 520 is connected; the braking part includes a brake pad 507 and a brake disc 518, the brake pad 507 is sleeved on the lower end of the outer coupling shaft 517 and is pin-connected with the outer coupling shaft 517; the brake disc 518 is empty sleeved on the outer coupling shaft 517 and above the brake pad 507, the brake disc 518 is connected to the brake disc 518 through the connecting long pin passing through the long groove on the outer coupling shaft 517; the electromagnetic field generating device is installed at the bottom of the power input part .

Preferably, the housing assembly includes a lower housing 505, a middle housing 506, a No. 1 bearing end cover 508, a main shaft housing 512, a No. 1 sleeve 513, and a No. 1 round nut 514; the servo motor 509 is fixed by tightening bolts above the main shaft casing 512; the outer ring of the No. 1 sleeve 513 is installed on the inner wall of the lower side small aperture end of the main shaft casing 512 through fastening bolts, and the inner ring is connected to the outer coupling shaft 517 through the No. 1 bearing 515; the No. 1 bearing 515; The round nut 514 is tightened on the small diameter end of the second section above the cylindrical camshaft 520, and is in contact with the No. 1 bearing 515 to axially locate the No. 1 bearing 515; the inner side of the middle end housing 506 is connected with the cylindrical camshaft 520 through the bearing, and the lower end housing 505 is connected with the middle end housing 506 by fastening bolts; the No. 1 bearing end cover 508 is fixedly installed under the main shaft housing 512 by means of bolts for the axial positioning of the No. 1 bearing 515 .

Further, the electromagnetic field generating device includes a hemispherical casing 521, an auxiliary electrode plate 524, a multi-layer cylindrical cylinder 525, four annular electrode plates 526, four electromagnets 501, four auxiliary electrode support cylinders 502, and four support sleeves. 522 and four support frames 523; the four electromagnets 501 are evenly distributed at 90° and are respectively placed inside the four support sleeves 522, and the four support sleeves 522 are close to the multi-layer cylindrical cylinder 525 and are installed on the support frame 523 , the support frame 523 is fixed on the lower end of the shell assembly; the multi-layer cylinder 525 is fixed on the follower 503; the annular electrode plate 526 is placed in the multi-layer cylinder 525; the hemispherical shell 521 is fixed on the shell assembly, The auxiliary electrode support cylinder 502 is tightly sleeved on the outer side of the hemispherical housing 521 and connected by pins, and the auxiliary electrode plate 524 is fixed in the auxiliary electrode support cylinder 502 .

Further, the Y-direction precision turntable 3 has the same structure as the XZ-direction precision turntable 8; the XZ-direction precision turntable 8 includes a base 801, a No. 2 bearing end cover 802, a stator winding 805, a housing 808, a connection table 809, and an end cover. 811, permanent magnet 815, output shaft 816; the base 801 is fixed on the XZ direction static pressure guide rail assembly 9, the casing 808 is fixed on the base 801, the bearing end cover 811 is fixedly connected to the top of the casing 808, the No. 2 bearing end cover 802 It is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base 801; the output shaft 816 is placed in the middle of the casing, the upper shaft end of the output shaft 816 is rotatably connected to the casing 808 through a bearing, and the lower shaft end of the output shaft 816 is rotatably connected to the base 801 through a bearing; the stator winding 805 passes through the stator The support 806 is fixed inside the casing 808, the permanent magnet 815 is embedded on the output shaft 816 and its position corresponds to the stator winding 805;

Further, the XZ-direction static pressure guide rail assembly 9 includes an X-axis static pressure guide rail 901 and a Z-axis static pressure guide rail 902. The X-axis static pressure guide rail 901 is installed on the machine bed 1, and the Z-axis static pressure guide rail 902 is slidably connected to the machine bed 1. On the X-axis static pressure guide rail 901, the Z-axis static pressure guide rail 902 is fixed on the XZ-direction precision turntable 8; the X-axis static pressure guide rail 901 has the same structure as the Z-axis static pressure guide rail 902, and the Z-axis static pressure guide rail includes an I-shaped guide rail 90201, a straight line The motor primary 90202, the linear motor secondary 90203 and the split slide 90204; the linear motor primary 90202 is installed in the groove of the I-shaped guide rail 90201, and the linear motor secondary 90203 is installed on the inner lower surface of the split slide 90204 and its position is the same as the The linear motor primary 90202 is opposite, and the split slide 90204 is set on the I-shaped guide rail 90201.

Further, the Y-direction guide rail assembly 3 includes a drive motor 301, an Oldham coupling 302, a ball nut 304, a ball screw 306, a fixed guide rail 308, a connecting plate 309 and a moving guide rail 310; the No. 1 bottom support seat 303 It is fixed above the ball screw 306. The upper and lower ends of the ball screw 306 are respectively connected to the machine tool column 4 through one; The rod 306 is connected in rotation, the ball nut 304 is fixed on the connecting plate 309 through the nut seat 305, and the Y-direction precision turntable 2 is installed on the connecting plate 309;

The invention also provides a processing method for an electromagnetic flow coupled optical curved surface precision polishing machine tool, and the processing process mainly includes the following steps:

Step 1. Use a special fixture to clamp the workpiece to the Y-direction precision turntable, turn on the machine tool, reset the machine tool, adjust the angle of the tool head in place according to the workpiece type, and set the initial parameter values and initial positions of other parts of the machine tool;

Step 2: Measure the workpiece online, collect the required data, reconstruct the surface, and obtain the workpiece measurement model;

Step 3: Input the workpiece design model into the machine tool numerical control system, carry out model matching and comparison with the workpiece measurement model obtained in the previous step after feature identification, calculate the machining allowance, and select the machining parameters according to the machining allowance;

Step 4: Carry out simulation processing according to the processing parameters obtained in the previous step, and judge whether there will be interference and collision. If there is interference, return to the previous step and select the processing parameters again;

Step 5. If there is no interference collision, carry out NC programming, determine the tool head trajectory, and generate the corresponding NC code;

Step 6, carry out numerical control machining, after the machining is finished, measure the workpiece after machining again, and obtain the measurement model according to the surface reconstruction;

Step 6: Determine whether the measurement model in Step 6 meets the processing requirements. If it does not meet the processing requirements, determine whether it can be repaired. If it can be repaired, return to Step 2 and add it again.

The advantages of the present invention are:

1. The machine tool of the present invention can polish both free-form surfaces and large planes, and cleverly uses the cylindrical cam structure and the indexing angle device to realize the conversion of point polishing and large plane polishing modes, and has better flexibility and more prominent surface. domain processing capability.

2. In the present invention, electrorheological polishing and magnetorheological polishing are combined, and the distribution of electric and magnetic lines of force is more compact through the arrangement of positive and negative electrodes and the arrangement of NS poles, which ensures the stability and rigidity of the flexible polishing tool head. .

3. The design of the tool head of the machine tool and the design of other parts of the machine tool in the present invention expand the application of electrorheological and magnetorheological composite polishing technology, and provide new methods and ideas for the combination of the two.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the machine tool

Figure 2 is an axonometric view of the tool head

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tool system

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal partial structure of the tool system

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the magnetic field generating device and the electric field generating device

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylindrical camshaft in the tool head

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the follower in the tool head

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle and outer couplings of the tool head

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the power input part in the tool head

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the XZ-direction precision turntable

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the XZ direction static pressure guide rail

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Z-direction static pressure guide rail

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the split slide in the Z-direction static pressure guide rail

Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Y-direction guide rail assembly

Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic pole distribution when the tool head is tilted for polishing

Figure 16 is the working flow chart of the machine tool

In the picture:

1. Machine bed; 2. Y-direction precision turntable; 3. Y-direction guide rail assembly; 4. Machine tool column; 5. Tool head; 6. Angle conversion device; 7. Liquid collection tank; 8. XZ-direction precision turntable; 9 , XZ direction static pressure guide rail assembly; 501, electromagnet; 502, auxiliary electrode support cylinder; 503, follower; 504, pin; 505, lower shell; 506, middle shell; 507, brake pad; 508, No. 1 Bearing end cover; 509, servo motor; 510, No. 1 fastening bolt; 511, coupling; 512, main shaft housing; 513, No. 1 sleeve; 514, round nut; 515, No. 1 bearing; 516, gasket 517, outer coupling; 518, brake disc; 519, long pin; 520, cylindrical camshaft; 521, hemispherical housing; 522, support sleeve; 523, support frame; 524, auxiliary electrode plate; 525, multi-layer Cylindrical cylinder; 526, annular electrode plate; 801, base; 802, No. 2 bearing end cover; 803, No. 2 round nut; 804, lower end cover; 805, stator winding; 806, stator support; 807, No. 2 fastening bolt ;808, shell; 809, connection table; 810, felt ring; 811, end cover; 812, No. 2 sleeve; 813, No. 2 bearing; 814, upper end cover; 815, permanent magnet; 816, shaft; 901, X Axial static pressure guide rail; 902, Z-axis static pressure guide rail; 90201, I-shaped guide rail; 90202, linear motor primary; 90203, linear motor secondary; 90204, split slide plate; 902041, lower plate; 902042, side plate ;902043, upper plate; 902044, screw; 301, drive motor; 302, cross slide coupling; 303, No. 1 bottom support seat; 304, ball nut; 305, nut seat; 306, ball screw; 307 , No. 2 bottom support seat; 308, fixed guide rail; 309, connecting plate; 310, moving guide rail.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

An electromagnetic flow coupled optical surface precision polishing machine tool, comprising a machine bed 1, a Y-direction precision turntable 2, a Y-direction guide rail assembly 3, a machine tool column 4, a tool head 5, an angle indexing mechanism 6, a liquid collection tank 7, XZ To the precision turntable 8, the XZ direction static pressure guide rail assembly 9; the machine tool column 4 is fixed on the machine bed 1, the Y direction guide rail assembly 3 is fixed on the machine tool column 4, the Y direction precision turntable 2 is fixed on the Y direction guide rail assembly 3 The tool head 5 is fixed on the angle indexing mechanism 6, and the tool head 5 is driven by the angle indexing mechanism 6 to perform pitching motion; the angle indexing mechanism 6 is fixed on the XZ-direction precision turntable 8, and the XZ-direction precision turntable 8 is fixed on the XZ On the static pressure guide rail 9, the XZ direction guide rail assembly 9 is fixed on the machine bed 1;

Further, the center axis of the angle indexing mechanism 6 is in interference fit with the mounting holes on the tool head 5, and a gear transmission mechanism is provided inside the angle indexing mechanism 6. Tilt movement.

Further, the tool head 5 includes an electromagnetic field generating device, a power input part and a braking part; the power input part includes a housing assembly, a servo motor 509, a follower 503, an outer coupling shaft 517, a cylindrical camshaft 520 and a knob 527; the servo motor 509 is fixed above the casing assembly, and the outer coupling shaft 517, the knob 527, the cylindrical camshaft 520 and the follower 503 are all placed inside the casing assembly; the servo motor 509 is connected to the outer coupling shaft 517 through the coupling 511 , the outer coupling shaft 517 is rotatably connected with the housing assembly through the bearing, the bottom of the outer coupling shaft 517 is connected with the knob 527 through the long pin 519, the upper end of the cylindrical camshaft 520 is internally connected with the knob 527 through the spline, and the follower 503 is connected with the cylinder through the pin 504. The lower end of the camshaft 520 is connected; the braking part includes a brake pad 507 and a brake disc 518, the brake pad 507 is sleeved on the lower end of the outer coupling shaft 517 and is pin-connected with the outer coupling shaft 517; the brake disc 518 is empty sleeved on the outer coupling shaft 517 and above the brake pad 507, the brake disc 518 is connected to the brake disc 518 through the connecting long pin passing through the long groove on the outer coupling shaft 517; the electromagnetic field generating device is installed at the bottom of the power input part .

Preferably, the housing assembly includes a lower housing 505, a middle housing 506, a No. 1 bearing end cover 508, a main shaft housing 512, a No. 1 sleeve 513, and a No. 1 round nut 514; the servo motor 509 is fixed by tightening bolts above the main shaft casing 512; the outer ring of the No. 1 sleeve 513 is installed on the inner wall of the lower side small aperture end of the main shaft casing 512 through fastening bolts, and the inner ring is connected to the outer coupling shaft 517 through the No. 1 bearing 515; the No. 1 bearing 515; The round nut 514 is tightened on the small diameter end of the second section above the cylindrical camshaft 520, and is in contact with the No. 1 bearing 515 to axially locate the No. 1 bearing 515; the inner side of the middle end housing 506 is connected with the cylindrical camshaft 520 through the bearing, and the lower end housing 505 is connected with the middle end housing 506 by fastening bolts; the No. 1 bearing end cover 508 is fixedly installed under the main shaft housing 512 by means of bolts for the axial positioning of the No. 1 bearing 515 .

Further, the electromagnetic field generating device includes a hemispherical casing 521, an auxiliary electrode plate 524, a multi-layer cylindrical cylinder 525, four annular electrode plates 526, four electromagnets 501, four auxiliary electrode support cylinders 502, and four support sleeves. 522 and four support frames 523; the four electromagnets 501 are evenly distributed at 90° and are respectively placed inside the four support sleeves 522, and the four support sleeves 522 are close to the multi-layer cylindrical cylinder 525 and are installed on the support frame 523 , the support frame 523 is fixed on the lower end of the shell assembly; the multi-layer cylinder 525 is fixed on the follower 503; the annular electrode plate 526 is placed in the multi-layer cylinder 525; the hemispherical shell 521 is fixed on the shell assembly, The auxiliary electrode support cylinder 502 is tightly sleeved on the outer side of the hemispherical housing 521 and connected by pins, and the auxiliary electrode plate 524 is fixed in the auxiliary electrode support cylinder 502 .

Further, the Y-direction precision turntable 3 has the same structure as the XZ-direction precision turntable 8; the XZ-direction precision turntable 8 includes a base 801, a No. 2 bearing end cover 802, a stator winding 805, a housing 808, a connection table 809, and an end cover. 811, permanent magnet 815, output shaft 816; the base 801 is fixed on the XZ direction static pressure guide rail assembly 9, the casing 808 is fixed on the base 801, the bearing end cover 811 is fixedly connected to the top of the casing 808, the No. 2 bearing end cover 802 It is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base 801; the output shaft 816 is placed in the middle of the casing, the upper shaft end of the output shaft 816 is rotatably connected to the casing 808 through a bearing, and the lower shaft end of the output shaft 816 is rotatably connected to the base 801 through a bearing; the stator winding 805 passes through the stator The support 806 is fixed inside the casing 808, the permanent magnet 815 is embedded on the output shaft 816 and its position corresponds to the stator winding 805;

Further, the XZ-direction static pressure guide rail assembly 9 includes an X-axis static pressure guide rail 901 and a Z-axis static pressure guide rail 902. The X-axis static pressure guide rail 901 is installed on the machine bed 1, and the Z-axis static pressure guide rail 902 is slidably connected to the machine bed 1. On the X-axis static pressure guide rail 901, the Z-axis static pressure guide rail 902 is fixed on the XZ-direction precision turntable 8; the X-axis static pressure guide rail 901 has the same structure as the Z-axis static pressure guide rail 902, and the Z-axis static pressure guide rail includes an I-shaped guide rail 90201, a straight line The motor primary 90202, the linear motor secondary 90203 and the split slide 90204; the linear motor primary 90202 is installed in the groove of the I-shaped guide rail 90201, and the linear motor secondary 90203 is installed on the inner lower surface of the split slide 90204 and its position is the same as the The linear motor primary 90202 is opposite, and the split slide 90204 is set on the I-shaped guide rail 90201.

Further, the Y-direction guide rail assembly 3 includes a drive motor 301, an Oldham coupling 302, a ball nut 304, a ball screw 306, a fixed guide rail 308, a connecting plate 309 and a moving guide rail 310; the No. 1 bottom support seat 303 It is fixed above the ball screw 306. The upper and lower ends of the ball screw 306 are respectively connected to the machine tool column 4 through one; The rod 306 is connected in rotation, the ball nut 304 is fixed on the connecting plate 309 through the nut seat 305, and the Y-direction precision turntable 2 is installed on the connecting plate 309;

The invention also provides a processing method for an electromagnetic flow coupled optical curved surface precision polishing machine tool, and the processing process mainly includes the following steps:

Step 1. Use a special fixture to clamp the workpiece to the Y-direction precision turntable, turn on the machine tool, reset the machine tool, adjust the angle of the tool head in place according to the workpiece type, and set the initial parameter values and initial positions of other parts of the machine tool;

Step 2: Measure the workpiece online, collect the required data, reconstruct the surface, and obtain the workpiece measurement model;

Step 3: Input the workpiece design model into the machine tool numerical control system, carry out model matching and comparison with the workpiece measurement model obtained in the previous step after feature identification, calculate the machining allowance, and select the machining parameters according to the machining allowance;

Step 4: Carry out simulation processing according to the processing parameters obtained in the previous step, and judge whether there will be interference and collision. If there is interference, return to the previous step and select the processing parameters again;

Step 5. If there is no interference collision, carry out NC programming, determine the tool head trajectory, and generate the corresponding NC code;

Step 6, carry out numerical control machining, after the machining is finished, measure the workpiece after machining again, and obtain the measurement model according to the surface reconstruction;

Step 6: Determine whether the measurement model in Step 6 meets the processing requirements. If it does not meet the processing requirements, determine whether it can be repaired. If it can be repaired, return to Step 2 and add it again.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, an electromagnetic flow coupled optical surface precision polishing machine tool mainly includes a machine bed 1, a Y-direction precision turntable 2, a Y-direction guide rail assembly 3, a machine tool column 4, a tool head 5, and an angle indexing mechanism 6 , liquid collecting tank 7, XZ direction precision turntable 8, XZ direction static pressure guide rail assembly 9; wherein, the machine tool column 4 is fixed and installed on the left side of the machine bed 1 by bolts, and the Y direction guide rail assembly 3 is fixed by bolts. Installed on the machine tool column In the middle position of 4, the Y-direction precision turntable 2 is fixed to the middle position of the connecting plate 309 of the Y-direction guide rail assembly 3 by bolts; the center axis of the angle indexing mechanism 6 and the two mounting holes on the main shaft shell 512 of the tool head 5 are interfering Cooperate to realize the fixed installation of the tool head 5 and the angle indexing mechanism 6. The angle indexing mechanism 6 is provided with a gear transmission mechanism, and the gear transmission mechanism is fixedly linked with the central axis, so that the angle indexing mechanism 6 can drive the tool through the gear transmission mechanism. The head 5 performs a pitching motion as a whole to realize the machining of the tool head 5 at different angles; the angle indexing mechanism 6 is installed on the XZ-direction precision turntable 8 through bolts, and the XZ-direction precision turntable 8 is fixed to the upper width of the XZ-direction static pressure guide 9 through bolts At the middle position of the plate 902043, the sump 7 is fixed to the middle position of the machine tool bed 1 by welding, and is located below the tool head 5 and the Y-direction precision turntable 2; the XZ-direction guide rail assembly 9 is fixed to the machine tool by bolts. Right side of body 1. Among them, a dust cover is added to the guide rail assembly 9 in the XZ direction, and a dust cover is installed on the machine bed 1 of a moderate size, which is matched with the machine bed 1 .

As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 9 , the tool head 5 specifically includes an electromagnetic field generating device, a power input part and a braking part. The tool head has a compact overall structure, and integrates all the electromagnetic field generating devices. Electrorheological effect and magnetic current The synergistic effect of the variable effect ensures the processing efficiency and quality.

The power input part mainly includes a follower 503, a lower end casing 505, a middle end casing 506, a No. 1 bearing end cover 508, a servo motor 509, a coupling 511, a main shaft casing 512, a No. 1 sleeve 513, a No. Numbered round nut 514 , number one bearing 515 , washer 516 , outer coupling shaft 517 , long pin 519 , cylindrical camshaft 520 and knob 527 . The servo motor 509 inputs torque, and drives the outer coupling shaft 517 to rotate through the coupling 511. The outer coupling shaft 517 drives the cylindrical camshaft 520 to rotate through the knob 527 and the long pin 519, thereby driving the electromagnetic field generating device to rotate together. The servo motor 509 is fixed above the main shaft housing 512 by the No. 1 fastening bolt 510; the servo motor 509 is connected to the external coupling shaft 517 through the coupling 511, and the coupling 511 transmits the motion generated by the servo motor 509 to the external coupling On the shaft 517, the coupling 511 is placed inside the main shaft housing 512; the bottom of the outer coupling shaft 517 has three grooves, and the outer coupling shaft 517 is connected with the knob 527 through the long pin 519, so as to realize the joint rotation of the knob 527 and the outer coupling shaft 517 There are internal splines inside the knob 527, which is matched and connected with the external spline part above the cylindrical camshaft 520 to realize the transmission of motion; the outer ring of the No. 1 sleeve 513 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the main shaft housing 512 by tightening bolts. Small aperture end The inner wall, the inner ring and the outer ring of the pair of No. 1 bearings 515 have an interference fit, and the inner ring of the pair of No. 1 bearings 515 has an interference fit with the outer coupling shaft 517, so that when the electromagnetic field generating device rotates, the main shaft shell 512 is kept in a static state; one The round nut 514 is screwed on the small diameter end of the second section above the cylindrical camshaft 520, and one side is in contact with the side of the No. 1 bearing 515 to ensure the axial positioning of the No. 1 bearing 515; the gasket 516 is located on the two No. 1 bearings The middle of 515; the follower 503 is a shaft with a spline, and is connected to the cylindrical camshaft 520 through a pin 504. When performing a rotary motion, the follower 503 will rotate with the cylindrical camshaft 520; The fastening bolts 510 are connected with the middle end casing 506; the middle end casing 506 cooperates with the cylindrical camshaft 520 through the No. 1 bearing 515 to ensure the rotation accuracy of the cylindrical camshaft 520 during processing; the No. 1 bearing end cover 508 is fixedly installed on the The lower part of the main shaft housing 512 is used for the axial positioning of the No. 1 bearing 515 .

The top of the cylindrical camshaft 520 is a multi-segment shaft, the top of the shaft is an external spline, the center hole of the knob 527 is provided with an internal spline, the cylindrical camshaft 520 and the knob 527 are connected by splines, and the knob 527 is provided with three °Evenly distributed slot holes are used to install the connecting long pins 519;

The braking part mainly includes a brake pad 507 and a brake disc 518, which are mainly used for switching between different working states (oblique polishing and vertical polishing) of the tool head 5; the brake pad 507 is sleeved on the lower end of the outer coupling shaft 517, There are three holes on the top for installing the long pins 519, which are connected to the outer coupling shaft 517 through three long pins 519 evenly distributed at 120°; the brake disc 518 is empty on the outer coupling shaft 517, located above the brake pads 507 , can move in the axial direction.

The electromagnetic field generating device mainly includes a hemispherical shell 521, an auxiliary electrode plate 524, a multi-layer cylindrical cylinder 525, four annular electrode plates 526, four electromagnets 501, four auxiliary electrode support cylinders 502, four support sleeves 522 and Four support brackets 523 . The four electromagnets 501 are evenly distributed at 90°, and are respectively placed inside the four support sleeves 522. The four support sleeves 522 are close to the multi-layer cylindrical cylinder 525 and are installed on the support frame 523. The support frame 523 passes through the No. The fixing bolt 510 is fixedly installed on the small shaft end portion of the lower housing 505; the upper part of the multi-layer cylindrical cylinder 525 is a spline shaft, which is fixed on the follower 503 by means of screw connection, and moves together with the follower 503; the annular electrode plate 526 is placed Inside the multi-layer cylinder 525; the hemispherical shell 521 is fixed on the bottom of the lower shell 505, the auxiliary electrode support cylinder 502 is tightly sleeved on the outside of the hemispherical shell 521 and fixed by pins, and the auxiliary electrode plate 524 is fixed in the auxiliary electrode support cylinder 502.

As shown in FIG. 15 , the tool head 5 can perform 45° oblique polishing or vertical polishing as required during processing. When 45° inclined polishing is performed, the angle indexing mechanism 6 rotates the overall pitch of the tool head by 45°, so that the hemispherical 45° spherical small circle at the end of the polishing tool head is in contact with the polishing surface of the workpiece. At this time, the multi-layer cylinder 525 is located at At the bottom end, the support sleeve 522 is inclined at 45°, the electromagnet 501 in the support sleeve 522 attracts the spindle housing 512 and rotates, but due to the limiting effect of the multi-layer cylinder 525, the support sleeve 522 is kept inclined at 45° state. Adjacent electromagnets 501 have opposite polarities, and are distributed toward the workpiece in a "N-S-N-S" distribution. The N pole emits magnetic field lines to the two adjacent S poles, and the S pole receives the magnetic field lines from the adjacent N poles. This magnetic pole distribution method The magnetic field lines are better concentrated around the polishing tool head, which ensures the fluidity of the electromagnetic rheological fluid outside the polishing area. At this time, the multiple annular electrode plates 526 of the electromagnetic field generating device are energized with the annular auxiliary electrode 524, the adjacent electrode plates 526 have opposite polarities, and an arch bridge-shaped electric field is formed between the adjacent electrode plates 526. An electric field is also formed between 526 and auxiliary electrode 524 . When converting to vertical polishing, the tool is retracted first, and the polishing tool head 5 is separated from the workpiece by a certain distance, and the angle indexing device 6 drives the polishing tool head 5 to rotate as a whole so that its axis is perpendicular to the plane to be polished. At this time, the four electromagnets 501 are powered off, the electromagnetic force between the electromagnets 501 and the hemispherical shell 521 is small, the electromagnet support sleeve 522 can rotate freely, and the upward movement of the multi-layer cylinder 525 drives the electromagnet 501 to rotate. Under the limiting and pressing action of the layer cylinder 525 and the support frame 523, the electromagnet 501 is in a vertical state, and the axis of the electromagnet is parallel to the axis of the main body of the polishing tool head. After the tool is retracted, the electromagnetic brake is energized, the brake disc 518 and the brake pad 507 are attracted, the inner spline knob moves upward, the spindle motor 509 rotates at a low speed, and the main body of the polishing tool head is driven to rotate through the outer coupling shaft 517, and the cam is driven at this time. The part 503 also rotates with the tool head body, the cylindrical camshaft 520 is stationary, the driven part 503 rotates 90° relatively, the cam in the cylindrical camshaft 520 is from near rest to far rest, then the electromagnetic brake is powered off, the brake disc and 518 brake pads 507 is disengaged, the brake disc 518 slides downward under the action of gravity, and the cylindrical camshaft 520 rotates together with the follower 503 without relative movement. Finally, the knife is fed along the Z-axis direction, and the electromagnet 501 and the ring electrode plate 526 are energized to start polishing.

As shown in FIG. 10, the Y-direction precision turntable 3 has the same internal structure as the XZ-direction precision turntable 8, wherein the XZ-direction precision turntable 8 mainly includes a base 801, a No. 2 bearing end cover 802, a No. 2 round nut 803, a lower end Cover 804, stator winding 805, stator support 806, No. 2 fastening bolts 807, casing 808, connecting table 809, felt ring 810, end cover 811, No. 2 sleeve 812, No. 2 bearing 813, upper end cover 814, permanent magnet 815 . The output shaft 816 . Among them, the base 801 is fixed to the middle position of the upper plate 902043 of the XZ-direction static pressure guide rail assembly 9 by means of screw connection; the second bearing end cover 802 is used for the axial positioning of the outer ring of the second bearing 813, which passes through the second The fastening bolt 807 is fixedly connected with the No. 2 sleeve 812 and the base 801; the No. 2 round nut 803 is used for the axial positioning of the inner ring of the No. 2 bearing 813, and is screwed to the small end threaded part of the output shaft 816; the lower end cover 804 is installed Above the base 801, it is placed inside the casing 808, and is fixedly connected to the stator support 806 through the No. 2 fastening bolt 807 to ensure the axial position of the stator; the stator winding 805 is placed inside the stator support 806, when the direct drive motor is energized, The permanent magnet 815 is driven to rotate, the permanent magnet 815 is embedded on the output shaft 816, and the output shaft 816 further rotates the connecting table 809; the stator support 806 is placed inside the casing 806, and the upper part is connected to the upper end cover 814 through the second fastening bolt 807, and the lower part is connected to the upper end cover 814. It is connected with the lower end cover 804 through the No. 2 fastening bolt 807; the casing 808 is the casing of the entire turntable, and is fixedly connected with the base 801 through the No. 2 fastening bolt 807; the connecting table 809 is connected with the end of the output shaft 816 through the No. 2 fastening bolt 807 , the angle indexing mechanism 6 is installed above it; the bearing end cover 811 is fixedly connected with the No. 2 sleeve 812 and the outer casing 808 by fastening bolts to ensure the axial positioning of the outer ring of the No. 2 bearing 813; the No. 2 bearing 813 has a pair, which is installed On the shaft ends on both sides of the output shaft 816, the inner ring rotates with the output shaft 816, the permanent magnet 815, etc., and the outer ring is kept fixed with the No. 2 sleeve 812, the outer casing 808, etc.; the felt ring 810 is installed on the smallest end of the output shaft 816. The shaft journal is placed inside the end cover 811, which plays a role of sealing and dustproof; the output shaft 816 is placed in the middle of the turntable, and the connecting elements from top to bottom are the felt ring 810, the second round nut 803, and the second bearing. 813, the permanent magnet 815, the No. 2 bearing 813 and the No. 2 round nut 803, the output shaft 816 rotates, and drives the connecting table 809 to rotate together. The precision turntable is directly driven by a direct-drive motor, and the transmission error is small, which can ensure the transmission accuracy.

As shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 , the XZ-direction static pressure guide rail assembly 9 is placed in a horizontal plane and installed on the right side of the machine bed 1 , and mainly includes an X-axis static pressure guide rail 901 and a Z-axis static pressure guide rail 902 . The axis static pressure guide rail 901 and the Z axis static pressure guide rail 902 are stacked, the X axis static pressure guide rail 901 is divided into two left and right, and is installed on the machine bed 1 by bolting, and the Z axis static pressure guide rail 902 is placed on the X axis static pressure. Above the guide rail 901, it acts as a slide for the X-axis static pressure guide rail 901, sliding on the X-axis static pressure guide rail 901, and the X-Z axis precision turntable 8 is fixed on the Z-axis static pressure guide rail 902, which can move together with the Z-axis static pressure guide rail 902 . The X-axis static pressure guide rail 901 has the same structure as the Z-axis static pressure guide rail 902, wherein the Z-axis static pressure guide rail includes an I-shaped guide rail 90201, a linear motor primary 90202, a linear motor secondary 90203 and a split slide 90204; I-shaped guide rail 90201 It is fixedly installed on the split slide 90104 of the two X-direction static pressure guide rails by screw connection, the linear motor primary 90202 is installed in the middle of the groove of the I-shaped guide rail 90201 by bolts, and the linear motor secondary 90203 is installed by screw connection. The middle position of the lower surface of the upper web 902043 in the split slide 90204 is opposite to the linear motor primary 90202, but the length is shorter than the linear motor primary 90202, and the split slide 90204 is sleeved on the I-shaped guide rail 90201. When the machine tool is working, the hydraulic system supplies oil to the XZ to the static pressure guide rail 9, the split slide 90204 moves relative to the linear motor primary 90202 together with the linear motor secondary 90203, and then slides along the I-shaped guide rail 90201. The sliding plate in the XZ-direction static pressure guide rail assembly 9 adopts a split structure. Taking the upper sliding plate 90204 of the Z-direction static pressure guide rail as an example, its main structure includes a lower plate 902041, a side plate 902042, an upper plate 902043 and screws 902044. Among them, the lower plate 902041 and the side plate 902042, the side plate 902042 and the upper plate 902043 are connected by screws 902044, and each plate has holes inside, and the oil inlet hole is not connected with the oil return hole. Adjacent webs have special holes for oil return, and multiple separate oil circuits supply oil for each web.

As shown in FIG. 14 , the Y-direction guide rail assembly 3 adopts a sliding guide rail, and the feeding method adopts a screw nut pair, which mainly includes a driving motor 301, an Oldham coupling 302, a No. 1 bottom support seat 303, and a ball nut 304 , nut seat 305 , ball screw 306 , No. 2 bottom support seat 307 , fixed guide rail 308 , connecting plate 309 and moving guide rail 310 . The No. 1 bottom support seat 303 is fixed above the ball screw 306, the upper end of the ball screw 306 is rotatably connected with the No. 1 bottom support seat 303, and the top of the No. 1 bottom support seat 303 is the Oldham coupling 302. The top end of the rod 306 is placed inside the Oldham coupling 302, and the circumferential fixing of the lead screw is realized through key connection. The device 302 is fixedly connected, and the circumferential fixation is ensured by the key connection. The input shaft of the driving motor 301 rotates, and the ball screw nut pair is driven to move accurately through the Oldham coupling 302. The ball nut 304 is connected with the ball screw 306 in rotation. The seat 305 is fixed on the ball nut 304, the No. 2 bottom support seat 307 is fixed under the ball screw 306, and is rotatably connected with the ball screw 306, there are two fixed guide rails 308 and two moving guide rails 310, and the moving guide rail 310 is connected with the fixed guide rail. 308 is slidably connected, and the fixed guide rails 308 are fixed to the left and right sides of the machine tool column 4, located on the left and right sides of the ball screw 306, and the distance is appropriate. When installing the Y-direction precision turntable 2; in the Y-direction guide rail assembly 3 fixed on the machine tool column 4, the No. 1 bottom support seat 303 and the No. 2 bottom support seat 307 are both fixed on the middle position of the machine tool column 4 through screw connection, and the two The fixed guide rails 308 are fixed on the left and right sides of the machine tool column 4 through screw connections, and are spaced apart from the ball screws 306 by a suitable distance.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 16, a processing method for an electromagnetic flow coupled optical surface precision polishing machine tool, the processing process mainly includes the following steps:

(1) Use a special fixture to clamp the blank or semi-finished product on the Y-direction precision turntable, turn on the machine tool, reset the machine tool, adjust the angle of the tool head in place according to the type of machining blank, check all parts of the machine tool, and set other machine tools. Some initial parameter values and initial positions.

(2) Perform accurate online measurement of the processed blank, collect the required data, reconstruct the surface, and obtain the blank measurement model.

(3) Input the blank design model into the CNC system of the machine tool, carry out model matching and comparison with the measurement model of the blank obtained in the previous step after feature recognition, and obtain the excess difference between the measurement model of the blank and the design model, that is, the machining surplus select the appropriate machining parameters according to its machining allowance.

(4) Carry out simulation processing according to the processing parameters obtained in the previous step, and judge whether there will be interference and collision. If there is interference, return to the previous step and select the processing parameters again.

(5) If there is no interference collision, carry out relevant numerical control programming, determine the tool head trajectory, and then generate the corresponding numerical control code, waiting for processing.

(6) Run the machining program obtained in the previous step, and start the actual machining. After the machining, the workpiece after machining is precisely measured again, and the measurement model is obtained according to the surface reconstruction.

(7) Determine whether the measurement model meets the processing requirements, and if it does not meet the processing requirements, determine whether it can be repaired, and if it can be repaired, return to step (2) to re-process.

(8) If the finished product after processing meets the processing requirements or fails to meet the processing requirements and cannot be repaired, the processing is terminated.

Claims (8)

1. An electromagnetic flow coupling optical curved surface precision polishing processing machine tool is characterized by comprising a machine tool body (1), a Y-direction precision turntable (2), a Y-direction guide rail assembly (3), a machine tool upright post (4), a tool head (5), an angle indexing mechanism (6), a liquid collecting tank (7), an XZ-direction precision turntable (8) and an XZ-direction static pressure guide rail assembly (9); the machine tool upright post (4) is fixed on the machine tool body (1), the Y-direction guide rail assembly (3) is fixed on the machine tool upright post (4), and the Y-direction precision rotary table (2) is fixed on the Y-direction guide rail assembly (3); the tool head (5) is fixed on the angle indexing mechanism (6), and the tool head (5) is driven by the angle indexing mechanism (6) to perform pitching motion; the angle indexing mechanism (6) is fixed on an XZ-direction precision turntable (8), the XZ-direction precision turntable (8) is fixed on an XZ-direction hydrostatic guide rail assembly (9), and the XZ-direction guide rail assembly (9) is fixed on the machine tool body (1); the liquid collecting pool (7) is fixed on the machine tool body (1) and is positioned below the tool head (5) and the Y-direction precision rotary table (2);

the tool head (5) comprises an electromagnetic field generating device, a power input part and a braking part; the power input part comprises a shell component, a servo motor (509), a driven part (503), an outer coupling (517), a cylindrical cam shaft (520) and a knob (527); the servo motor (509) is fixed above the shell component, and the outer coupling (517), the knob (527), the cylindrical cam shaft (520) and the driven piece (503) are all arranged in the shell component; the servo motor (509) is connected with an outer coupling (517) through a coupling (511), the outer coupling (517) is rotatably connected with the shell assembly through a bearing, the bottom of the outer coupling (517) is connected with the knob (527) through a long pin (519), the upper end of the cylindrical cam shaft (520) is connected with the inside of the knob (527) through a spline, and the driven piece (503) is connected with the lower end of the cylindrical cam shaft (520) through a pin (504); the brake part comprises a brake pad (507) and a brake disc (518), wherein the brake pad (507) is sleeved at the lower end of the outer coupling (517) and is in pin connection with the outer coupling (517); the brake disc (518) is sleeved on the outer coupling (517) in an empty mode and located above the brake pad (507), and the brake disc (518) penetrates through a long groove in the outer coupling (517) through a connecting long pin and then is connected with the brake disc (518); the electromagnetic field generating device is arranged at the bottom of the power input part.

2. The electromagnetic flow coupling optical curved surface precision finishing machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the center shaft of the angle indexing mechanism (6) is in interference fit with the mounting hole on the tool head (5), and a gear transmission mechanism is arranged inside the angle indexing mechanism (6), and the gear transmission mechanism is fixed with the center shaft to drive the tool head (5) to perform pitching motion integrally.

3. The electromagnetic flow coupling optical curved surface precision finishing machine tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein said housing assembly comprises a lower end housing (505), a middle end housing (506), a first bearing end cap (508), a spindle housing (512), a first sleeve (513), a first round nut (514); the servo motor (509) is fixed above the spindle housing (512) through a fastening bolt; the outer ring of the first sleeve (513) is mounted on the inner wall of the small-aperture end of the lower side of the main shaft shell (512) through a fastening bolt, and the inner ring of the first sleeve is connected with the outer coupling (517) through a first bearing (515); the first round nut (514) is screwed at the second section small-diameter end above the cylindrical camshaft (520) and is in contact with the first bearing (515) to axially position the first bearing (515); the inner side of the middle end shell (506) is connected with a cylindrical camshaft (520) through a bearing, and the lower end shell (505) is connected with the middle end shell (506) through a fastening bolt; a first bearing end cover (508) is fixedly installed below the main shaft shell (512) through bolts and used for axially positioning a first bearing (515).

4. The electromagnetic flow coupling optical curved surface precision finishing machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic field generating device comprises a hemispherical shell (521), an auxiliary electrode plate (524), a multi-layer cylindrical barrel (525), four annular electrode plates (526), four electromagnets (501), four auxiliary electrode supporting barrels (502), four supporting sleeves (522) and four supporting frames (523); the four electromagnets (501) are uniformly distributed at 90 degrees and are respectively arranged in the four supporting sleeves (522), the four supporting sleeves (522) are tightly attached to the multilayer cylindrical barrel (525) and are arranged on a supporting frame (523), and the supporting frame (523) is fixed at the lower end of the shell component; the multilayer cylindrical barrel (525) is fixed on the driven part (503); the annular electrode plate (526) is arranged in the multilayer cylindrical barrel (525); the hemispherical shell (521) is fixed on the shell component, the auxiliary electrode supporting cylinder (502) is tightly sleeved on the outer side of the hemispherical shell (521) and connected through a pin, and the auxiliary electrode plate (524) is fixed in the auxiliary electrode supporting cylinder (502).

5. An electromagnetic flow coupling optical curved surface precision finishing machine tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said Y-direction precision turret 3 is identical in structure to the XZ-direction precision turret (8); the XZ-direction precision turntable (8) comprises a base (801), a second bearing end cover (802), a stator winding (805), a shell (808), a connecting table (809), an end cover (811), a permanent magnet (815) and an output rotating shaft (816); the base (801) is fixed on the XZ-direction hydrostatic guideway assembly (9), the shell (808) is fixed on the base (801), the bearing end cover (811) is fixedly connected to the top of the shell (808), and the second bearing end cover (802) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the base (801); the output rotating shaft (816) is arranged in the middle of the inside of the shell, the upper shaft end of the output rotating shaft (816) is rotatably connected with the shell (808) through a bearing, and the lower shaft end of the output rotating shaft (816) is rotatably connected with the base (801) through a bearing; the stator winding (805) is fixed inside the shell (808) through a stator support 806, and the permanent magnet (815) is embedded on the output rotating shaft (816) and corresponds to the stator winding (805); the top end of the output rotating shaft (816) is fixedly connected with a connecting table (809), and the angle indexing mechanism (6) is arranged above the connecting table (809).

6. The electromagnetic flow coupling optical curved surface precision finishing machine tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said XZ-direction hydrostatic guideway assembly (9) comprises an X-axis hydrostatic guideway (901) and a Z-axis hydrostatic guideway (902), the X-axis hydrostatic guideway (901) is installed on the machine bed (1), the Z-axis hydrostatic guideway (902) is slidably connected to the X-axis hydrostatic guideway (901), and the XZ-direction precision turntable (8) is fixed on the Z-axis hydrostatic guideway (902); the X-axis static pressure guide rail (901) and the Z-axis static pressure guide rail (902) have the same structure, and the Z-direction static pressure guide rail comprises an I-shaped guide rail (90201), a linear motor primary (90202), a linear motor secondary (90203) and a split slide carriage (90204); the linear motor primary (90202) is installed in a groove of the I-shaped guide rail (90201), the linear motor secondary (90203) is installed on the lower surface of the inner side of the split slide carriage (90204) and is opposite to the linear motor primary (90202), and the split slide carriage (90204) is sleeved on the I-shaped guide rail (90201).

7. An electromagnetic flow coupling optical curved surface precision finishing machine tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said Y-guide rail assembly (3) comprises a driving motor (301), an oldham coupling (302), a ball nut (304), a ball screw (306), a fixed rail (308), a connecting plate (309) and a moving rail (310); the first bottom support seat 303 is fixed above a ball screw (306), and the upper end and the lower end of the ball screw (306) are respectively connected to a machine tool upright post (4) through one; the driving motor (301) is connected with a ball screw (306) through an Oldham coupling (302), a ball nut (304) is rotationally connected with the ball screw (306), the ball nut (304) is fixed on a connecting flat plate (309) through a nut seat (305), and a Y-direction precision turntable (2) is arranged on the connecting flat plate (309); the fixed guide rail (308) is fixed on the machine tool upright post (4), and the movable guide rail (310) is connected with the fixed guide rail (308) in a sliding way.

8. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of:

clamping a workpiece on a Y-direction precision rotary table by using a special fixture, starting a machine tool, resetting the machine tool, adjusting the angle of a tool head to a proper position according to the type of the workpiece, and setting initial parameter values and initial positions of other parts of the machine tool;

secondly, performing on-line measurement on the workpiece, collecting required data, performing curved surface reconstruction, and obtaining a workpiece measurement model;

inputting the workpiece design model into a machine tool numerical control system, performing model matching and comparison with the workpiece measurement model obtained in the previous step after feature recognition, calculating machining allowance, and selecting machining parameters according to the machining allowance;

step four, carrying out simulation machining according to the machining parameters obtained in the previous step, judging whether interference collision occurs or not, and returning to the previous step to reselect the machining parameters if interference exists;

step five, if interference collision does not exist, performing numerical control programming, determining the track of the tool head, and generating a corresponding numerical control code;

step six, carrying out numerical control machining, measuring the machined workpiece again after machining is finished, and obtaining a measurement model according to curved surface reconstruction;

and step six, judging whether the measurement model in the step six meets the processing requirement, if not, judging whether the measurement model can be repaired, and if so, returning to the step two for adding again.

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