CN113426951A - Casting method of nodular cast iron thin control arm - Google Patents
Casting method of nodular cast iron thin control arm Download PDFInfo
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- CN113426951A CN113426951A CN202110779224.7A CN202110779224A CN113426951A CN 113426951 A CN113426951 A CN 113426951A CN 202110779224 A CN202110779224 A CN 202110779224A CN 113426951 A CN113426951 A CN 113426951A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/088—Feeder heads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D47/00—Casting plants
- B22D47/02—Casting plants for both moulding and casting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
- C22C33/10—Making cast-iron alloys including procedures for adding magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for casting a thin ductile cast iron control arm, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps: (a) manufacturing a mould; (b) manufacturing a sand mold; (c) casting and molding; the mould in the step (a) adopts a first mode and a second mode; when the sand mold in the step (b) is manufactured, the control arm is vertically placed as a sand mold manufacturing standard; determining a parting surface and a pouring position: vertically placing the control arm, placing the relatively thick part of the casting on the upper part of the casting mould, and placing the relatively thin part of the casting on the lower part of the casting mould; when the step (c) is cast and molded, the molten iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.5-3.8% of C, 2.35-2.4% of Si, 0.3-0.4% of Mn, 0.05% of P, 0.016% of S and the balance of iron. The method has the advantages of high production efficiency, lower casting defect rate, lighter weight and better mechanical property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sand mold gravity casting, in particular to a method for casting a thin control arm made of nodular cast iron.
Background
The control arm is an important part in an automobile control system, and the wall thickness of the current control arm casting is extremely thin in view of the development requirement of automobile light weight, the average wall thickness is only 4.3mm at present, and the wall thickness at most positions floats around the size. The control arm is a part with a complex shape and a large change in wall thickness in an automobile control system, and belongs to parts needing to be replaced periodically for safety, so that the control arm has a large market demand and is produced in a large scale by adopting a production line, and great examination is brought to the casting process of the part.
The production process has the advantages that firstly, the production efficiency is low, and about 100 boxes can be produced generally per hour; secondly, the defect rate of the casting is high, so that the production cost is high; thirdly, the average wall thickness of the casting is thicker and the mechanical property is not good enough, so that the requirements of people on the light weight and the speed of the automobile are difficult to meet.
At present, some vertical casting processes of ductile iron castings exist, but for thin-wall castings, the existing processes are not enough for solving the problems in production, and firstly, the deformation of the thin-wall castings cannot be solved, which is a very critical problem; secondly, the existing process can produce a large amount of shrinkage porosity and understeer and other defects when producing the thin-wall control arm, thereby causing a large amount of waste products and having low production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a casting method of a ductile iron thin control arm, which has high production efficiency, lower casting defect rate, lighter quality and better mechanical property.
The technical scheme of the invention is to provide a casting method of a ductile cast iron thin control arm with the following structure, which comprises the following steps: (a) manufacturing a mould; (b) manufacturing a sand mold; (c) casting and molding; the mould in the step (a) adopts a first mode and a second mode; when the sand mold in the step (b) is manufactured, the control arm is vertically placed as a sand mold manufacturing standard; determining a parting surface and a pouring position: vertically placing the control arm, placing the relatively thick part of the casting on the upper part of the casting mould, and placing the relatively thin part of the casting on the lower part of the casting mould; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the front left side mounting platform is positioned above the rear left side longitudinal arm mounting bracket A and the rear left side longitudinal arm mounting bracket B, the front right side mounting platform is positioned above the rear right side longitudinal arm mounting bracket A and the rear right side longitudinal arm mounting bracket B, the front right side mounting platform is positioned at the top of the sand mold, and the rear left side longitudinal arm mounting bracket A and the rear left side longitudinal arm mounting bracket B are positioned at the bottom; the pouring system of the control arm casting comprises a splash-proof pouring cup and a vertical pouring gate, wherein the vertical pouring gate is sequentially provided with a first horizontal pouring gate, a second horizontal pouring gate and a third horizontal pouring gate from top to bottom, one end of the first horizontal pouring gate is communicated with the vertical pouring gate, the other end of the first horizontal pouring gate is provided with a first thermal riser, the first thermal riser is communicated with the end face, close to the vertical pouring gate, of the front right side mounting platform of the control arm, and the top end of the front right side mounting platform is provided with an exhaust sheet; one end of the second cross pouring gate is communicated with the vertical pouring gate, and the other end of the second cross pouring gate is provided with a second hot riser which is communicated with the top surface of the front left side mounting abutment; one end of the third transverse pouring gate is communicated with the vertical pouring gate, the other end of the third transverse pouring gate is communicated with an ingate, and the other end of the ingate is communicated with the side surface of the rear left longitudinal arm mounting bracket B; the rear left side longitudinal arm mounting bracket B and the rear left side longitudinal arm mounting bracket A are provided with first anti-deformation ribs, and the rear right side longitudinal arm mounting bracket A and the rear right side longitudinal arm mounting bracket B are provided with second anti-deformation ribs; a slag collecting bag is arranged at the bottom of the vertical pouring gate;
when the step (c) is cast and molded, the molten iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.5-3.8% of C, 2.35-2.4% of Si, 0.3-0.4% of Mn, 0.05% of P, 0.016% of S and the balance of iron.
The cross section of the ingate is set to be ∑Inner partCross section of the horizontal runner is sigmaHorizontal barThe cross-sectional area of the vertical pouring gate is sigmaStraight bar(ii) a The sectional area ratio of each component of the casting is sigmaInner part:ΣHorizontal bar:ΣStraight bar＝1：2.1-2.3：1.4-1.6；
As an improvement, when the sand mold is manufactured in the step (b), the content of the inactive mud in the molding sand is less than 0.020mm (0.0008'); in addition, sodium bentonite is adopted, and the pH value of the new sand is more than or equal to 8.5. For thin-wall parts, the strength of the molding sand cannot be too high, the casting is easy to generate internal stress due to the too high strength, the casting is easy to deform after sand withdrawal, the casting cannot be too low, the size of the too low casting is easy to increase, and the sand inclusion phenomenon can also be generated.
As an improvement, the ingate adopts a thin structure, and the width-thickness ratio is 18-22. Has the advantages of ensuring the pressure in the casting, reducing shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavity, and being beneficial to removing impurities and the like in molten iron
And (c) during casting molding in the step (c), spheroidizing inoculation is carried out in the casting ladle, and an inoculant is added into the spheroidizing agent, wherein the content of the inoculant is 0.04-0.12%.
Adopts a nodulizer commonly used by rare earth and magnesium, and controls the residual ratio of the rare earth and the magnesium, MgDisabled person/REDisabled person1.5-1.8, and the spheroidization rate reaches within grade 2.
After the method is adopted, compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
1. the casting process scheme for high-efficiency pouring overcomes the problem of poor mold filling capability in horizontal pouring, and reduces various casting defects caused by the poor mold filling capability, such as under-pouring, deformation, heat cracking and the like. Meanwhile, as the rapid mold filling and cooling of the casting are realized, the internal structure of the casting is more fine, the mechanical property of the casting is more stable, and in addition, as the pouring speed is increased, the production efficiency is correspondingly improved, the production cost is greatly reduced, and further the market competitiveness of the product is also improved.
2. The pouring time is improved by controlling the section size of each part of the pouring system, the proportion of various sands of the sand mold is well adjusted, the chemical components of the molten iron are controlled, and the adding time of the nodulizer and the inoculant is controlled. The method meets the requirement of rapid production takt, the highest production takt is 400 boxes per hour, and simultaneously eliminates casting defects such as under-pouring and deformation which are possibly generated in rapid pouring, so that the whole process is controlled to be a casting process of efficient pouring.
3. The vertical modeling rapid production line is adopted, and the rated production efficiency of the production line is 400-450 boxes/hour.
4. Through the integral matching of the molten iron to a pouring system and a mould and the good control of the whole process, the casting which is difficult to produce in the past is produced, the good effect is achieved, the total weight of the casting can be comparable with that of an aluminum alloy casting, but the strength and the wear resistance of the casting are incomparable with those of the aluminum alloy casting.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a nodular cast iron knuckle according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the mold for a nodular cast iron steering knuckle of the present invention.
As shown in the figure: 101. a front left side mounting platform 102, a front right side mounting platform 103, a rear right side trailing arm mounting bracket A, 104, a rear right side trailing arm mounting bracket B, 105, a rear left side trailing arm mounting bracket B, 106 and a rear left side trailing arm mounting bracket A; 1. control arm foundry goods, 2, splashproof pouring basin, 3, vertical runner, 4, first cross gate, 5, second cross gate, 6, third cross gate, 7, first hot rising head, 8, exhaust fin, 9, the hot rising head of second, 10, ingate, 11, first shape muscle of preapring for an unfavorable turn of events, 12, the shape muscle of preapring for an unfavorable turn of events of second, 13, collection cinder ladle.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the method for casting the ductile iron thin control arm comprises the following steps: (a) manufacturing a mould; (b) manufacturing a sand mold; (c) casting and molding;
the mould in the step (a) adopts a first mode and a second mode;
when the sand mold in the step (b) is manufactured, the control arm is vertically placed as a sand mold manufacturing standard; determining a parting surface and a pouring position: vertically placing the control arm, placing the relatively thick part of the casting on the upper part of the casting mould, and placing the relatively thin part of the casting on the lower part of the casting mould; the method specifically comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 1, the front left mounting platform 101 is located above the rear left trailing arm mounting bracket a106 and the rear left trailing arm mounting bracket B105, the front right mounting platform 102 is located above the rear right trailing arm mounting bracket a103 and the rear right trailing arm mounting bracket B104, the front right mounting platform 102 is located at the top of the sand mold, and the rear left trailing arm mounting bracket a106 and the rear left trailing arm mounting bracket B105 are located at the bottom;
as shown in fig. 2, the gating system of the control arm casting 1 in step (c) includes a splash-proof pouring cup 2 and a vertical pouring gate 3, the vertical pouring gate 3 is sequentially provided with a first horizontal pouring gate 4, a second horizontal pouring gate 5 and a third horizontal pouring gate 6 from top to bottom, one end of the first horizontal pouring gate 4 is communicated with the vertical pouring gate 3, the other end of the first horizontal pouring gate is provided with a first thermal riser 7, the first thermal riser 7 is communicated with an end surface, close to the vertical pouring gate 3, of a front right mounting platform 102 of the control arm, and an exhaust sheet 8 is arranged at the top end of the front right mounting platform 102; one end of the second cross pouring gate 5 is communicated with the vertical pouring gate 3, the other end of the second cross pouring gate is provided with a second thermal riser 9, and the second thermal riser 9 is communicated with the top surface of the front left side mounting abutment 101; one end of the third horizontal pouring channel 6 is communicated with the vertical pouring channel 3, the other end of the third horizontal pouring channel is communicated with an ingate 10, and the other end of the ingate 10 is communicated with the side surface of the rear left longitudinal arm mounting bracket B; the rear left side trailing arm mounting bracket B105 and the rear left side trailing arm mounting bracket A106 are provided with first anti-deformation ribs 11, and the rear right side trailing arm mounting bracket A103 and the rear right side trailing arm mounting bracket B104 are provided with second anti-deformation ribs 12; and a slag collecting bag 13 is arranged at the bottom of the vertical pouring gate 3. The operation technology of the pouring process. The pouring time is required to be mastered and controlled, and the pouring is ensured to be rapid and stable. 1) The molten iron flowing out of the pouring gate is aligned to the upper part of the pouring gate cup, so that the molten iron is prevented from splashing. 2) And the molten iron is ensured to be filled in the horizontal pouring channel, the straight pouring channel and the slag collection as quickly as possible. 3) The pouring efficiency is improved as much as possible, and the pouring time is well controlled.
When the step (c) is cast and molded, the molten iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.6% of C, 2.38% of Si, 0.32% of Mn, 0.05% of P, 0.016% of S and the balance of iron.
Comprehensively considering casting characteristics and equipment efficiency, determining to adopt a pressurized semi-closed pouring system, and setting the cross section of an ingate to be sigmaInner partCross section of the horizontal runner is sigmaHorizontal barThe cross-sectional area of the vertical pouring gate is sigmaStraight bar(ii) a The sectional area ratio of each component of the casting is sigmaInner part:ΣHorizontal bar:ΣStraight bar＝1：2.2：1.5。
When the sand mold is manufactured in the step (b), the content of the inactive mud in the molding sand is less than 0.020mm (0.0008'); in addition, sodium bentonite is adopted, and the pH value of the new sand is more than or equal to 8.5. For thin-wall parts, the strength of the molding sand cannot be too high, the casting is easy to generate internal stress due to the too high strength, and the casting is easy to deform after the sand is removed; the sand inclusion phenomenon can also be caused because the size of the over-low casting is easy to increase.
The ingate (10) is of a thin construction with a width to thickness ratio of 20, which is not seen in other castings. The advantage lies in filtering the impurity in the molten iron well under the condition that the speed is very fast, does benefit to and fills the type.
In the step (c), during casting molding, in order to achieve the purpose of efficient production and ensure that the spheroidizing inoculation time is relatively proper, spheroidizing inoculation is performed in a casting ladle, and an inoculant is added into the spheroidizing agent, so that the effect is relatively good when the content of the inoculant is about 0.08%. Because the rare earth casting is a thin-wall part product, in order to ensure the fluidity of molten iron, the rare earth and magnesium jointly used as a nodulizer has the risk of causing white cast due to the intergranular segregation of the rare earth, and the residual of the rare earth and the proportion of the rare earth and the magnesium, namely Mg, must be controlledDisabled person/REDisabled personAccording to the service performance of the casting, the spheroidization rate must be within 2 grades. The spheroidization and inoculation of the nodular cast iron are both carried out in a quick and timely manner, and because of quick pouring, molten iron is directly spheroidized and inoculated in a pouring ladle. Through the integral matching of the molten iron to a pouring system and a mould and the good control of the whole process, the casting which is difficult to produce in the past is produced, the good effect is achieved, and the total weight of the casting can be matched with the aluminum alloyThe strength and the wear resistance of the cast product are comparable to those of the cast product of aluminum alloy
The above are merely characteristic embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. All technical solutions formed by equivalent exchanges or equivalent substitutions fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for casting a thin ductile cast iron control arm is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: (a) manufacturing a mould; (b) manufacturing a sand mold; (c) casting and molding;
the mould in the step (a) adopts a first mode and a second mode;
when the sand mold in the step (b) is manufactured, the control arm is vertically placed as a sand mold manufacturing standard; determining a parting surface and a pouring position, vertically placing the control arm, placing a relatively thick part of a casting on the upper part of a casting mold, and placing a relatively thin part of the casting on the lower part of the casting mold; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the front left side mounting platform (101) is located above a rear left side trailing arm mounting bracket A (106) and a rear left side trailing arm mounting bracket B (105), the front right side mounting platform (102) is located above a rear right side trailing arm mounting bracket A (103) and a rear right side trailing arm mounting bracket B (104), the front right side mounting platform (102) is located at the top of the sand mold, and the rear left side trailing arm mounting bracket A (106) and the rear left side trailing arm mounting bracket B (105) are located at the bottom;
the pouring system of the control arm casting (1) in the step (c) comprises a splash-proof pouring cup (2) and a vertical pouring gate (3), wherein the vertical pouring gate (3) is sequentially provided with a first horizontal pouring gate (4), a second horizontal pouring gate (5) and a third horizontal pouring gate (6) from top to bottom, one end of the first horizontal pouring gate (4) is communicated with the vertical pouring gate (3), the other end of the first horizontal pouring gate is provided with a first thermal riser (7), the first thermal riser (7) is communicated with the end face, close to the vertical pouring gate (3), of the front right side mounting platform (102) of the control arm, and the top end of the front right side mounting platform (102) is provided with an exhaust sheet (8); one end of the second cross pouring gate (5) is communicated with the vertical pouring gate (3), the other end of the second cross pouring gate is provided with a second hot riser (9), and the second hot riser (9) is communicated with the top surface of the front left side mounting platform (101); one end of the third horizontal pouring channel (6) is communicated with the vertical pouring channel (3), the other end of the third horizontal pouring channel is communicated with an inner pouring channel (10), and the other end of the inner pouring channel (10) is communicated with the side face of the rear left longitudinal arm mounting bracket B; the rear left longitudinal arm mounting bracket B (105) and the rear left longitudinal arm mounting bracket A (106) are provided with first anti-deformation ribs (11), and the rear right longitudinal arm mounting bracket A (103) and the rear right longitudinal arm mounting bracket B (104) are provided with second anti-deformation ribs (12); a slag collecting bag (13) is arranged at the bottom of the vertical pouring gate (3);
when the step (c) is cast and molded, the molten iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.5-3.8% of C, 2.35-2.4% of Si, 0.3-0.4% of Mn, 0.05% of P, 0.016% of S and the balance of iron.
2. The method of casting a low-profile control arm of ductile iron according to claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the ingate is set to be ∑Inner partCross section of the horizontal runner is sigmaHorizontal barThe cross-sectional area of the vertical pouring gate is sigmaStraight bar(ii) a The sectional area ratio of each component of the casting is sigmaInner part:ΣHorizontal bar:ΣStraight bar＝1：2.1-2.3：1.4-1.6。
3. The method of casting a low-profile control arm of ductile iron according to claim 1, wherein: when the sand mold in the step (b) is manufactured, the content of the inactive mud in the molding sand is inactive materials with the content of less than 0.020 mm; in addition, sodium bentonite is adopted, and the pH value of the new sand is more than or equal to 8.5.
4. The method of casting a low-profile control arm of ductile iron according to claim 1, wherein: the inner pouring gate (10) is of a thin structure, and the width-thickness ratio is 18-22.
5. The method of casting a low-profile control arm of ductile iron according to claim 1, wherein: and (c) during casting molding in the step (c), spheroidizing inoculation is carried out in the casting ladle, and an inoculant is added into the spheroidizing agent, wherein the content of the inoculant is 0.04-0.12%.
6. The method of casting the low-profile control arm of ductile iron according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises casting the low-profile control arm of ductile ironThe method comprises the following steps: adopts a nodulizer commonly used by rare earth and magnesium, and controls the residual ratio of the rare earth and the magnesium, MgDisabled person/REDisabled person1.5-1.8, and the spheroidization rate reaches within grade 2.
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| CN211539397U (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-09-22 | 肇庆精通机械有限公司 | Upper flange non-riser pouring system for compressor |
| CN212525923U (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-02-12 | 洛阳古城机械有限公司 | Casting mold capable of reducing slag hole defects of automobile steering knuckle |
| CN212525938U (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-02-12 | 洛阳古城机械有限公司 | Casting mold capable of reducing shrinkage porosity defect of automobile steering knuckle gate |
| CN112475240A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-12 | 溧阳市万盛铸造有限公司 | Brake head casting method for avoiding edge thin-wall white notch |
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| CN113426951B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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