CN113424904A - Quail compound feed for reducing soft egg breaking rate of laying quails at later egg laying period and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Quail compound feed for reducing soft egg breaking rate of laying quails at later egg laying period and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113424904A
CN113424904A CN202110783347.8A CN202110783347A CN113424904A CN 113424904 A CN113424904 A CN 113424904A CN 202110783347 A CN202110783347 A CN 202110783347A CN 113424904 A CN113424904 A CN 113424904A
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laying
quails
parts
quail
later
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Inventor
黄李蓉
虞洁
梅绍锋
古长松
曾子悠
李彬
李林
王贵芬
张素华
刘贵莲
陈柳
钟霞
王涛
卢倩云
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Sichuan Tequ Agriculture And Animal Husbandry Technology Group Co ltd
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Sichuan Tequ Agriculture And Animal Husbandry Technology Group Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/189—Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of feed formulas, in particular to a quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of laying quails at the later egg laying period and a preparation method thereof. Aiming at the problem that the existing research does not have a method specially aiming at improving the eggshell strength and reducing the soft egg breaking rate at the egg laying later period of the laying quails, the invention provides the quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails at the egg laying later period, and specific probiotics and enzyme preparations are added to the traditional feed raw materials, wherein the probiotics is a mixture of clostridium butyricum and bacillus coagulans; the composition of the enzyme preparation is: phytase 500FIU/kg, beta-mannase 500FIU/kg, beta-glucanase 200FIU/kg and lipase 10 FIU/kg. The feed provided by the invention can obviously improve the intestinal health and intestinal absorption capacity of quails in the later laying period of 300 days, so that the eggshell strength of the quails in the later laying period is improved, the soft egg laying rate of the quails is reduced by about 5%, and the economic benefit of the quails in the later breeding period is obviously improved.

Description

Quail compound feed for reducing soft egg breaking rate of laying quails at later egg laying period and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed formulas, in particular to a quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of laying quails at the later egg laying period and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The laying quails are laid after being taken out of the shell for 35 to 40 days, the sexual maturity is early, and the economic value of each quail is about 300 laying eggs all the year round. The using period of the laying quails is generally 300 days, the problems of laying rate reduction, osteoporosis, eggshell quality reduction and the like caused by aging at the later laying period of 300-day-old quails lead to the problems of fragile eggshells, soft egg breaking rate increase and the like, the soft egg breaking rate of the 300-day-old quails is high in production, and the economic benefit of quail eggs is directly and greatly influenced. How to reduce the soft egg breaking rate of the quails in the later egg laying period is a main technical point for effectively improving the economic value of the quails.
At present, the health state of old animals can be effectively increased by improving the intestinal health in animal production, the surface area of intestinal tracts is increased by reducing the viscosity of chyme in the alimentary tracts and increasing the heights of duodenum and jejunum villi, and the absorption capacity of the old animals on nutrient substances is improved, so that the absorption of the intestinal tracts on calcium ions in blood is increased, the eggshell strength of quails is favorably enhanced, and the soft egg breaking rate is reduced.
In the industry, some researches on reducing the soft egg breaking rate of quails are also carried out, for example, patent CN110558444A discloses a quail egg compound feed capable of improving the pattern and hardness of quail eggshells, which mainly contains calcium hydrogen phosphate, meat and bone meal, eggshell meal and other materials, and also contains corn, soybean meal, fish meal, soybean oil, DDGS, corn germ meal, corn protein powder, bran and other components. The patent ensures the calcium content and the phosphorus content of the formula of the quail feed and the optimal proportion of the calcium content and the phosphorus content of the formula of the quail feed, and improves the thickness of the eggshell of the quail egg and reduces the breakage rate and the crack rate of the eggshell after the quail is fed with the formula feed; improve and increase the deposition of eggshell patterns, and improve the hatching rate of the quail eggs and the market competitiveness of the quail eggs. The patent mainly ensures proper calcium and phosphorus content and optimal proportion of the calcium and the phosphorus in a feed formula, improves the hardness of egg shells of egg laying quails and improves decorative patterns. However, the patent mainly aims at breeding quails, and the idea of adjusting the content of calcium and phosphorus and the optimal proportion of the calcium and the phosphorus to improve the quality of the egg product is not necessarily applicable to other quails. Particularly, aiming at the later stage (after 300 days old) of the egg-laying quails, the intestinal absorption capacity is weakened due to aging, the calcium-phosphorus ratio and other nutritional ingredients in the patent can not be effectively absorbed, and the technical idea in the patent cannot be applied to the later stage of the egg-laying quails to improve the quality of the eggs.
The industry also has partial research on the quail egg quality, for example, patent CN112244172A discloses a quail feed for improving laying rate and egg quality and a preparation method thereof, the compound feed mainly comprises: complex enzyme preparation, high temperature resistant phytase and glucose oxidase. Also contains various components such as grains, bean pulp, sesame cake, vegetable cake, DDGS, corn protein powder, bread slag, bean dregs, instant noodle slag, oil and fat, etc. The patent obviously improves the fertility, disease resistance and organism health state of the quails by scientifically compounding various raw materials and functional additives, thereby improving the laying rate and egg quality of the quails. However, enzyme preparations compatible with the patent, such as xylanase, beta-glucanase, beta-mannase, cellulase, protease, high temperature resistant phytase, glucose oxidase and the like, have higher feed cost.
The invention aims to develop the quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails at the later laying period, increasing the eggshell strength of the quails and reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the quails.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the existing research has no method specially aiming at improving the eggshell strength and reducing the soft broken egg rate in the later egg laying period of the laying quails.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems comprises the following steps: provides a quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails at the later laying period. The invention relates to a quail compound feed, which comprises the following components: 30-50 parts of corn, 4-8 parts of puffed soybean, 15-25 parts of soybean meal, 5-10 parts of cottonseed meal, 7-7 parts of corn DDGS3, 2-5 parts of corn protein powder, 0.02-0.04 part of bile acid, 2-5 parts of soybean oil, 1-3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 6-12 parts of stone powder, 0.10-0.13 part of choline chloride, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium chloride, 0.2-0.4 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.03-0.05 part of an enzyme preparation, 0.06-0.09 part of amino acid, 0.03-0.06 part of probiotics, 0.1-0.30 part of vitamin premix and 0.1-0.30 part of mineral premix.
Preferably, the quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails at the later laying period comprises the following components: 46.7 parts of corn, 4 parts of expanded soybean, 20 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of cottonseed meal, 5 parts of corn DDGS, 5 parts of corn protein powder, 0.03 part of bile acid, 3 parts of soybean oil, 1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 8 parts of stone powder, 0.12 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of sodium chloride, 0.27 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.04 part of enzyme preparation, 0.07 part of amino acid, 0.04 part of probiotics, 0.2 part of vitamin premix and 0.2 part of mineral premix.
In the quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails at the later laying period, the probiotics is a mixture of clostridium butyricum and bacillus coagulans.
Furthermore, in the quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails at the later laying period, the number of the effective viable bacteria of clostridium butyricum in the probiotics is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 108CFU/g, and the effective viable count of the bacillus coagulans is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 109CFU/g。
In the quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails in the later egg laying period, the vitamin premix comprises the following components: vitamin VA 5000-7000IU and vitamin D34000 IU-11-3mg/kg, vitamin B24-6mg/kg, vitamin B62-3mg/kg, vitamin B128-12mcg/kg, 90-120mg/kg folic acid, 30-50mg/kg biotin, 500mg/kg choline, 20-40mg/kg pantothenic acid and 2-3mg/kg nicotinic acid.
In the quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails in the later egg laying period, the mineral premix comprises the following components: 50-70mg/kg of manganese, 20-40mg/kg of iron, 4-6mg/kg of copper, 40-60mg/kg of zinc, 0.5-1.5mg/kg of iodine and 0.2-0.4mg/kg of selenium.
In the quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails in the later egg laying period, the enzyme preparation comprises the following components: phytase 500FIU/kg, beta-mannase 500FIU/kg, beta-glucanase 200FIU/kg and lipase 10 FIU/kg.
The compound feed for the quails for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails for laying eggs in the later laying period is prepared from lysine, methionine, tryptophan and threonine in a weight ratio of 10:5:1: 4.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails at the later laying period, which comprises the following steps:
a. respectively preparing probiotics, an enzyme preparation, amino acid, a vitamin premix and a mineral premix;
b. weighing corn, puffed soybean, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, DDGS (distillers dried grains with soluble), corn protein powder, bile acid, soybean oil, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, choline chloride, sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate according to the weight parts, and the enzyme preparation, the amino acid, the probiotics, the vitamin premix and the mineral premix in the step a;
c. respectively crushing and sieving the corn, the puffed soybean, the soybean meal, the cottonseed meal, the DDGS and the corn protein powder to obtain powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 8.0 mm;
d. and c, putting the crushed raw materials in the step c into a mixer, adding the soybean oil, the bile acid, the amino acid, the probiotics, the vitamin premix and the mineral premix, and mixing for 180-210 seconds to obtain the powder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention mainly provides the quail compound feed suitable for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the quails for laying at the later egg laying period of 300 days, according to the physiological characteristics and nutritional requirements of the quails at the later egg laying period, by scientifically compounding various raw materials and functional additives, the nutritional elements required by the quails at the later egg laying period can be met, and the intestinal health and intestinal absorption capacity of the quails at the later egg laying period of 300 days are remarkably improved, so that the eggshell strength of the quails at the later egg laying period is improved, the soft egg breaking rate of the quails is reduced by about 5%, and the economic benefit of the quails at the later breeding period is remarkably improved. The compound feed disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation process, wide in raw material source, suitable for large-scale production, and capable of improving the economic benefit of quails in the later period of egg laying.
Detailed Description
In order to improve the hardness of the eggshell of a quail at the later stage of laying eggs at the age of 300 days and reduce the soft egg breaking rate of the quail for laying eggs at the later stage of laying eggs, the invention provides a compound feed for the quail, which comprises the following components: 30-50 parts of corn, 4-8 parts of puffed soybean, 15-25 parts of soybean meal, 5-10 parts of cottonseed meal, 3-7 parts of corn DDGS, 2-5 parts of corn protein powder, 0.02-0.04 part of bile acid, 2-5 parts of soybean oil, 1-3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 6-12 parts of stone powder, 0.10-0.13 part of choline chloride, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium chloride, 0.2-0.4 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.03-0.05 part of an enzyme preparation, 0.06-0.09 part of amino acid, 0.03-0.06 part of probiotics, 0.1-0.30 part of vitamin premix and 0.1-0.30 part of mineral premix according to parts by weight.
In the quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails at the later laying period, the probiotics is a mixture of clostridium butyricum and bacillus coagulans.
Furthermore, in the quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails at the later laying period, the number of the effective viable bacteria of clostridium butyricum in the probiotics is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 108CFU/g, and the effective viable count of the bacillus coagulans is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 109CFU/g。
The invention particularly uses clostridium butyricum and bacillus coagulans in the quail feed. The clostridium butyricum is fixedly planted in the intestinal tract of animals, promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract, maintains the health of the animals, improves the growth and reproduction performance of the animals, can also generate short-chain fatty acids such as butyric acid, lactic acid and the like, and is beneficial to the regeneration and repair of intestinal epithelial cells. The bacillus coagulans can secrete lactic acid in intestinal tracts, promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, has a bactericidal effect on various pathogenic bacteria, can secrete enzymes such as amylase and protease, and promotes the digestion and absorption of organisms on nutrients. Compound use of two kinds of beneficial bacterium promotes egg laying quailIntestinal tract health in the later period of quail egg laying is beneficial to the absorption and use of nutrient substances by the aged animals. Although probiotics are reported to be added in the feed industry, a plurality of strains are required to be added in most of the addition processes, and the purpose of improving the intestinal health of animals can be achieved by utilizing the cooperation effect among the strains. The invention only adopts two kinds of bacteria of clostridium butyricum and bacillus coagulans, and the effective viable count of the two bacteria obtained by experimental screening is respectively as follows: the effective viable count of clostridium butyricum is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 108CFU/g, and the effective viable count of the bacillus coagulans is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 109The improvement effect on intestinal tracts of old quails is most obvious when CFU/g is used, and the soft egg breaking rate of the old quails can be effectively reduced.
In the quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails in the later egg laying period, the enzyme preparation comprises the following components: phytase 500FIU/kg, beta-mannase 500FIU/kg, beta-glucanase 200FIU/kg and lipase 10 FIU/kg.
In the above enzyme preparations, the present invention particularly uses β -mannanase. The enzyme can decompose non-starch polysaccharide in corn and soybean meal, and improve utilization rate of corn and soybean meal. The beta-mannase belongs to hemicellulase, can degrade mannan into oligosaccharides such as mannan oligosaccharide and the like, not only eliminates the anti-nutritional effect of mannan, but also produces mannan oligosaccharide to play an important role in regulating intestinal health of animals, and effectively promotes the absorption of nutrition by old animals. In addition, the invention also determines the additive amount of the beta-mannase through experiments, and the technical scheme of the combination of the beta-mannase, the phytase, the beta-glucanase and the lipase, the enzyme preparation is specially arranged for improving the hardness of the eggshell of the laying quails at the later egg laying period (more than 300 days old), and the experiments show that the soft egg breaking rate of the aged quails can be obviously reduced.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails at the later laying period, which comprises the following steps:
a. respectively preparing probiotics, an enzyme preparation, amino acid, a vitamin premix and a mineral premix;
b. weighing corn, puffed soybean, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, DDGS (distillers dried grains with soluble), corn protein powder, bile acid, soybean oil, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, choline chloride, sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate according to the weight parts, and the enzyme preparation, the amino acid, the probiotics, the vitamin premix and the mineral premix in the step a;
c. respectively crushing and sieving the corn, the puffed soybean, the soybean meal, the cottonseed meal, the DDGS and the corn protein powder to obtain powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 8.0 mm;
d. and c, putting the crushed raw materials in the step c into a mixer, adding the soybean oil, the bile acid, the amino acid, the probiotics, the vitamin premix and the mineral premix, and mixing for 180-210 seconds to obtain the powder.
The preparation method of the compound feed for quails is simple to operate, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the compound feed is suitable for industrial production.
The following examples are intended to illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention without limiting the scope of the invention to the examples.
Example 1 preparation of different formulations of quail Compound feed
The raw materials were weighed in parts according to table 1, and a compound feed was prepared according to the following procedure.
Table 1 composition table of different feed formulations
Figure BDA0003158082630000051
Figure BDA0003158082630000061
The probiotic composition in the test group 1 is that the weight ratio of clostridium butyricum to bacillus coagulans is 3: 1; the enzyme preparation comprises phytase, beta-mannase, beta-glucanase and lipase in a weight ratio of 2:3:3: 2.
The probiotic composition in the test group 2 is that the weight ratio of clostridium butyricum to bacillus coagulans is 2: 1; the enzyme preparation comprises phytase, beta-mannase, beta-glucanase and lipase in a ratio of 2:4:3: 1.
The probiotic composition in the test group 3 was 4:1 by weight of clostridium butyricum to bacillus coagulans; the enzyme preparation comprises phytase, beta-mannase, beta-glucanase and lipase in a weight ratio of 1:3:4: 2.
The probiotic composition in the test group 4 is that the weight ratio of clostridium butyricum to bacillus coagulans is 1: 1; the enzyme preparation comprises phytase, beta-mannase, beta-glucanase and lipase in a weight ratio of 1:5:1: 3.
The probiotics in the test group 5 were all bacillus coagulans, and the enzyme preparation ratio was phytase, beta-glucanase and lipase in a weight ratio of 5:2: 3.
The probiotic composition in the test group 6 is that the weight ratio of clostridium butyricum to bacillus coagulans is 1: 2; the enzyme preparation comprises phytase, beta-mannase, beta-glucanase and lipase in a weight ratio of 3:1:2: 4.
The probiotic composition in the test group 7 is that the weight ratio of clostridium butyricum to bacillus coagulans is 1: 3; the enzyme preparation comprises phytase, beta-mannase, beta-glucanase and lipase in a weight ratio of 4:1:2: 3.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
a. respectively preparing probiotics, an enzyme preparation, amino acid, a vitamin premix and a mineral premix;
b. weighing corn, puffed soybean, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, DDGS (distillers dried grains with soluble), corn protein powder, bile acid, soybean oil, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, choline chloride, sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate according to the weight parts, and the enzyme preparation, the amino acid, the probiotics, the vitamin premix and the mineral premix in the step a;
c. respectively crushing and sieving the corn, the puffed soybean, the soybean meal, the cottonseed meal, the DDGS and the corn protein powder to obtain powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 8.0 mm;
d. and c, putting the crushed raw materials in the step c into a mixer, adding the soybean oil, the bile acid, the amino acid, the probiotics, the vitamin premix and the mineral premix, and mixing for 210s to obtain powder.
Example 2 Effect of different formula feeds on the Eggshells of quails
Quails at the later stage of laying eggs with 300 days of age are fed by the formula feeds of different test groups in example 1. The 300-day-old egg-laying quails 7500 feather are selected as experimental objects and randomly divided into 5 groups, each group has 5 repetitions, and each repetition has 300 quails. The 7 test groups were fed the diets described in test group 1-test group 7, respectively.
The breeding mode is as follows: adopting artificial illumination, illuminating for 12 hours every day, mechanically ventilating, manually feeding, freely drinking water and feeding, and feeding twice every day at regular time;
test time: the test period was 42 days, with a pre-feeding period of 7 days.
Test site: quail test base of agricultural technology research institute of special-driven agriculture and animal husbandry science and technology group, Sichuan.
The soft egg breaking rate and the laying rate of each group were counted as shown in Table 2, 50 quail eggs were collected at 42 days, and the quail eggs collected from each group were weighed as shown in Table 3 using an eggshell strength tester.
Eggshell strength is an important U.S. industry standard for egg quality assessment in kilograms per square centimeter (kg/cm)2) The measuring method comprises the following steps: the egg to be measured is vertically placed with the blunt end upward and is measured by an eggshell strength tester. Among them, the larger the measurement value, the better, it means that the eggshell is not easily broken.
Quail soft egg breaking and laying rates were recorded and the results are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 quail soft egg breaking rate and egg laying rate (%)
Group of Quail number (Yu) Broken soft egg rate Laying rate
Test group 1 1500 7.12 72.25
Test group 2 1500 7.94 72.14
Test group 3 1500 8.85 71.25
Test group 4 1500 8.16 72.14
Test group 5 1500 13.43 70.19
Test group 6 1500 12.24 72.14
Test group 7 1500 12.47 70.08
The addition amount of the beta-mannase in the enzyme preparations of the test groups 1 to 4 is higher than 30%, the ratio of clostridium butyricum in probiotics is higher than 50%, the test group 5 is a control group using common quail feed and does not contain the beta-mannase and clostridium butyricum, the addition amount of the beta-mannase in the enzyme preparations of the test groups 6 to 7 is lower than 30%, the ratio of the clostridium butyricum in probiotics is lower than 50%, as can be seen from table 2, compared with the test groups 5 to 7, the soft egg breaking rate of the quails with the addition of the beta-mannase accounting for more than 30% of the enzyme preparations and the ratio of the clostridium butyricum in the probiotics being higher than 50% is lower than 9%, while the soft egg breaking rate of the quails in the test groups 5 to 7 is higher than 12%, and the soft egg breaking rate is increased.
The test group 5 was a control group using a general quail feed and did not contain β -mannanase and clostridium butyricum, and as can be seen from table 2, the soft egg breaking rate of the quail in the test group 5 was 13.43% and higher in the test groups 1 to 3 in the test groups 1 to 4 compared with the test group 5.
In conclusion, the soft egg breaking rate of the quails in the test groups 1 to 4 (using the compound feed of the invention) is reduced by 3.39 to 6.13 percent compared with that in the test groups 5 to 7.
The egg quality was recorded and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 egg quality
Group of Quail number (Yu) Egg weight (g) Strength of eggshell (kg/cm)2)
Test group 1 1500 12.19 1.53
Test group 2 1500 12.20 1.51
Test group 3 1500 12.12 1.50
Test group 4 1500 12.08 1.45
Test group 5 1500 12.09 1.09
Test group 6 1500 12.05 1.15
Test group 7 1500 12.14 1.12
The addition amount of the beta-mannase in the enzyme preparations of the test groups 1 to 4 is higher than 30%, the ratio of clostridium butyricum in probiotics is higher than 50%, the test group 5 is a control group using common quail feed and does not contain the beta-mannase and clostridium butyricum, the addition amount of the beta-mannase in the enzyme preparations of the test groups 6 to 7 is lower than 30%, the ratio of the clostridium butyricum in probiotics is lower than 50%, and as can be seen from table 3, the eggshell strength of the quails is higher in the test groups 1 to 4 compared with the test groups 5 to 7.
In conclusion, the strength of the eggshell of the quail in the test group 1 (using the compound feed of the invention) is improved by 40.37 percent compared with the test group 5.
The results of the embodiment show that the soft egg breaking rate of the quails in 300 days can be effectively reduced, the economic effect of laying the quails is increased, the service life of the quails is prolonged, and the economic benefit of laying the quails is increased by adopting the formula of the quail feed.

Claims (9)

1. The quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails at the later egg laying period is characterized by comprising the following components: 30-50 parts of corn, 4-8 parts of puffed soybean, 15-25 parts of soybean meal, 5-10 parts of cottonseed meal, 3-7 parts of corn DDGS, 2-5 parts of corn protein powder, 0.02-0.04 part of bile acid, 2-5 parts of soybean oil, 1-3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 6-12 parts of stone powder, 0.10-0.13 part of choline chloride, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium chloride, 0.2-0.4 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.03-0.05 part of an enzyme preparation, 0.06-0.09 part of amino acid, 0.03-0.06 part of probiotics, 0.1-0.30 part of vitamin premix and 0.1-0.30 part of mineral premix according to parts by weight.
2. The compound feed for quails for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails for laying eggs according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components: 46.7 parts of corn, 4 parts of puffed soybean, 20 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of cottonseed meal, 5 parts of corn DDGS, 5 parts of corn protein powder, 0.03 part of bile acid, 3 parts of soybean oil, 1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 8 parts of stone powder, 0.12 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of sodium chloride, 0.27 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.04 part of enzyme preparation, 0.07 part of amino acid, 0.04 part of probiotics, 0.2 part of vitamin premix and 0.2 part of mineral premix.
3. The quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails in the later laying period according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the probiotics is a mixture of clostridium butyricum and bacillus coagulans.
4. The quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails in the later laying period according to claim 3, wherein the feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the effective viable count of clostridium butyricum in the probiotics is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 108CFU/g, and the effective viable count of the bacillus coagulans is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 109CFU/g。
5. The quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails in the later laying period according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that: the vitamin premix comprises the following components: vitamin VA 5000-7000IU and vitamin D34000 IU-11-3mg/kg, vitamin B24-6mg/kg, vitamin B62-3mg/kg, vitamin B128-12mcg/kg, 90-120mg/kg folic acid, 30-50mg/kg biotin, 500mg/kg choline, 20-40mg/kg pantothenic acid and 2-3mg/kg nicotinic acid.
6. The quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails in the later laying period according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the mineral premix comprises the following components: 50-70mg/kg of manganese, 20-40mg/kg of iron, 4-6mg/kg of copper, 40-60mg/kg of zinc, 0.5-1.5mg/kg of iodine and 0.2-0.4mg/kg of selenium.
7. The quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails in the later laying period according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that: the enzyme preparation comprises the following components: phytase 500FIU/kg, beta-mannase 500FIU/kg, beta-glucanase 200FIU/kg and lipase 10 FIU/kg.
8. The quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails in the later laying period according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that: the amino acid is composed of lysine, methionine, tryptophan and threonine according to a weight ratio of 10:5:1:4, preparing the composition.
9. The preparation method of the quail compound feed for reducing the soft egg breaking rate of the laying quails for laying eggs in the later period is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. respectively preparing probiotics, an enzyme preparation, amino acid, a vitamin premix and a mineral premix;
b. weighing corn, puffed soybean, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, DDGS (distillers dried grains with soluble), corn protein powder, bile acid, soybean oil, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, choline chloride, sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate according to the weight parts, and the enzyme preparation, the amino acid, the probiotics, the vitamin premix and the mineral premix in the step a;
c. respectively crushing and sieving the corn, the puffed soybean, the soybean meal, the cottonseed meal, the DDGS and the corn protein powder to obtain powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 8.0 mm;
d. and c, putting the crushed raw materials in the step c into a mixer, adding the soybean oil, the bile acid, the amino acid, the probiotics, the vitamin premix and the mineral premix, and mixing for 180-210 seconds to obtain the powder.
CN202110783347.8A 2021-07-12 2021-07-12 Quail compound feed for reducing soft egg breaking rate of laying quails at later egg laying period and preparation method thereof Pending CN113424904A (en)

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