CN113422516B - Method and system for PFM-PWM hybrid control of CLLC resonant converter - Google Patents
Method and system for PFM-PWM hybrid control of CLLC resonant converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN113422516B CN113422516B CN202110643821.7A CN202110643821A CN113422516B CN 113422516 B CN113422516 B CN 113422516B CN 202110643821 A CN202110643821 A CN 202110643821A CN 113422516 B CN113422516 B CN 113422516B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
- H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for PFM-PWM hybrid control of a CLLC resonant converter, wherein the method comprises the following steps: collecting output voltage and output current of the CLLC resonant converter, comparing the output voltage and the output current with reference values respectively, and then obtaining PFM switching frequency control signals after the output voltage and the output current are regulated by respective PI compensators and constant current/constant voltage control circuits respectively; the PFM switching frequency control signal is subjected to linear function calculation to obtain a PWM control signal; the PFM switching frequency control signal passes through a triangular wave carrier circuit to obtain a triangular carrier signal with set frequency; and comparing the PWM control signal with the triangular carrier signal to obtain a control signal, and generating a driving signal of the CLLC resonant converter after the control signal passes through a driving circuit. The method can realize zero voltage switching-on of the switching tube in a wide input voltage and wide load range, and has the characteristics of easy design of magnetic elements, high working efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronic control, in particular to a method and a system for PFM-PWM hybrid control of a CLLC resonant converter.
Background
The topology of the bidirectional vehicle-mounted charger of the electric automobile is mainly an isolated bidirectional DC-DC converter, wherein the CLLC resonant converter is widely applied to the bidirectional vehicle-mounted charger of the electric automobile due to the advantages of high efficiency, simple control, small secondary side output EMI and the like.
The common CLLC resonant converter is controlled by adopting a Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) method, and the method has the characteristics of simple control, high light load efficiency, capability of realizing ZVS (zero voltage switching) in a wider Frequency range and the like. However, the Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) method has problems of difficult transformer design, large light-load converter power, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method and a system for controlling a CLLC resonant converter by PFM-PWM mixing, which solve the problems of wide range of Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) switching frequency, large light-load circulating current power, difficult design of magnetic elements, and the like. Meanwhile, the method also effectively solves the problems of narrow switching tube Zero Voltage Switch (ZVS), large resonant current peak value during heavy load, serious current conversion loss and the like in Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).
The invention provides a method for PFM-PWM hybrid control of a CLLC resonant converter, which comprises the following steps: collecting output voltage and output current of the CLLC resonant converter, comparing the output voltage and the output current with reference values respectively, and then obtaining PFM switching frequency control signals after the output voltage and the output current are regulated by respective PI compensators and controlled by a constant current/constant voltage charging circuit respectively; the PFM switching frequency control signal is subjected to linear function calculation to obtain a PWM control signal; the PFM switch control signal passes through a triangular wave carrier circuit to obtain a triangular carrier signal with set frequency; and comparing the PWM control signal with the triangular carrier signal to obtain a control signal, and generating a driving signal of the CLLC resonant converter through a driving circuit.
Further, the method for acquiring the PFM switch control signal specifically includes: collecting output voltage and output current of the CLLC resonant converter; comparing the output voltage of the CLLC resonant converter with a voltage reference value to obtain a voltage error signal;
comparing the output current of the CLLC resonant converter with a current reference value to obtain a current error signal; and respectively adjusting the voltage error signal or the current error signal by the PI compensator and controlling the constant current/constant voltage charging circuit to obtain a PFM switching frequency control signal.
Further, when the system works in a constant voltage mode, the voltage error signal is regulated by a PI compensator of the voltage loop and is subjected to constant voltage control by a constant current/constant voltage charging circuit to obtain a PFM switching frequency control signal; when the system works in a constant current mode, the current error signal is regulated by a PI compensator of a current loop and is subjected to constant current control of a constant current/constant voltage charging circuit to obtain a PFM switching frequency control signal.
Further, the calculation method of the PWM control signal is:
va＝b-a*vf
wherein a and b are constants, vfFor PFM switching frequency control signal, vaIs a PWM control signal.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a system for PFM-PWM hybrid control of a CLLC resonant converter, the system comprising: the PFM modulation module is used for collecting output voltage and output current of the CLLC resonant converter, comparing the output voltage and the output current with reference values respectively, and then obtaining PFM switching frequency control signals after being regulated by respective PI compensators and controlled by a constant current/constant voltage charging circuit respectively; the PWM modulation module is used for calculating the PFM switching frequency control signal through a linear function to obtain a PWM control signal; the triangular carrier module is used for enabling the PFM switch control signal to pass through a triangular carrier circuit to obtain a triangular carrier signal with set frequency; and the comparison module is used for comparing the PWM control signal with the triangular carrier signal to obtain a control signal, and then generating a driving signal of the CLLC resonant converter through the driving circuit.
Further, the PFM modulation module specifically implements a process of: collecting output voltage and output current of the CLLC resonant converter; comparing the output voltage of the CLLC resonant converter with a voltage reference value to obtain a voltage error signal; comparing the output current of the CLLC resonant converter with a current reference value to obtain a current error signal; and respectively adjusting the voltage error signal or the current error signal by the PI compensator and controlling the constant current/constant voltage charging circuit to obtain a PFM switching frequency control signal.
Further, when the system works in a constant voltage mode, the PFM modulation module adjusts the voltage error signal through a PI compensator of the voltage ring and controls the constant voltage of the constant current/constant voltage charging circuit to obtain a PFM switching frequency control signal; when the system works in a constant current mode, the PFM modulation module adjusts the current error signal through a PI compensator of a current loop and performs constant current control on a constant current/constant voltage charging circuit to obtain a PFM switching frequency control signal.
Further, the method for calculating the PWM control signal by the PWM modulation module is as follows:
va＝b-a*vf
wherein a and b correspond to a constant, vfFor PFM switching frequency control signal, vaIs a PWM control signal.
The method for PFM-PWM hybrid control of the CLLC resonant converter can realize zero voltage switching-on (ZVS) of the switching tube in a wide input voltage and load range, and has the characteristics of easy design of magnetic elements, high working efficiency and the like. The method effectively solves the problems of wide range of Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) switching frequency, large light-load circulating current power, difficult design of magnetic elements and the like. Meanwhile, the method also effectively solves the problems of narrow ZVS of a switching tube, large peak value of resonant current during heavy load, serious current conversion loss and the like in pulse width modulation (PFM).
Drawings
For purposes of illustration and not limitation, the present invention will now be described in accordance with its preferred embodiments, particularly with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a CLLC resonant converter topology;
FIG. 2 is a modulation block diagram of a conventional PFM controlled CLLC resonant converter;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for PFM-PWM hybrid control of a CLLC resonant converter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is the operation waveform of the PFM-PWM hybrid control CLLC resonant converter
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a system for PFM-PWM hybrid control of a CLLC resonant converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a detailed description of the present invention will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and the described embodiments are merely a subset of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than a complete embodiment. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Example one
The topology of the bidirectional vehicle-mounted charger of the electric automobile is mainly an isolated bidirectional DC-DC converter, wherein the CLLC resonant converter is widely applied to the bidirectional electric automobile charger by the advantages of high efficiency, simple control, small secondary side output EMI and the like. Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a CLLC resonant converter topology employed in a bidirectional vehicle charger. The topological structure of the CLLC resonant converter can realize bidirectional operation, can realize soft switching in a higher switching frequency range, and improves the system efficiency. Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) is generally used in CLLC, and fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a conventional PFM-controlled CLLC resonant converter. The method has the characteristics of simple control, high light load efficiency, capability of realizing ZVS (zero voltage switching) in a wider frequency range and the like, but has the problems of difficult transformer design, high light load converter power and the like.
Aiming at the problems of Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM), the invention provides a modulation method of a PWM-PWM hybrid control CLLC resonant converter.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for PFM-PWM hybrid control of a CLLC resonant converter according to the present embodiment.
Referring to fig. 3, the method for PFM-PWM hybrid control of the CLLC resonant converter includes the following steps:
s101, collecting output voltage V of CLLC resonant converteroAnd an output current IoOutput voltage VoAnd an output current IoRespectively compared with reference values and then respectively adjusted by respective PI compensatorsAfter the constant current/constant voltage (CC/CV) charging circuit is controlled, a PFM switch control signal v is obtainedf。
Specifically, in the above step S101, the PFM switching frequency control signal vfThe acquisition method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting output voltage V of CLLC resonant converteroAnd an output current Io；
(2) Converting the output voltage V of the CLLC resonant converteroAnd a voltage reference value VrefComparing to obtain a voltage error signal;
(3) the output current I of the CLLC resonant converteroAnd a current reference value IrefComparing to obtain a current error signal;
(4) the voltage error signal or the current error signal is respectively regulated by a PI compensator and controlled by a constant current/constant voltage (CC/CV) charging circuit to obtain a PFM switching frequency control signal vf。
When the system works in a constant voltage mode, the voltage error signal is regulated by a PI compensator of the voltage loop and is subjected to constant voltage control by a constant current/constant voltage (CC/CV) charging circuit to obtain a PFM switching frequency control signal vf。
When the system works in a constant current mode, the current error signal is regulated by a PI compensator of a current loop and is subjected to constant current control of a constant current/constant voltage (CC/CV) charging circuit to obtain a PFM switch control signal vf。
S102, PFM switch control signal vfObtaining PWM control signal v by linear function calculationa。
Specifically, in step S102, the PWM control signal vaThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
va＝b-a*vf
wherein a and b correspond to a constant.
S103, PFM switch control signal vfObtaining a triangular carrier signal v with a set frequency after passing through a triangular carrier circuitt。
S104, controlling the PWM signal vaAnd a triangular carrier signal vtThe comparison is carried out to obtain a control signal vcAnd then generates a driving signal of the CLLC resonant converter via a driving circuit.
And outputting a high level when the switch control signal is greater than the triangular carrier signal, and outputting a low level when the switch control signal is less than the triangular carrier signal.
Fig. 4 is an operation waveform of the PFM-PWM hybrid control CLLC resonant converter. In the figure Vgs1、Vgs2、Vgs3、Vgs4Corresponding to the driving signals of the switching devices of Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 in FIG. 1 respectively. By adopting the method for controlling the CLLC resonant converter by PFM-PWM mixing, when the load or the input voltage changes, the switching frequency and the duty ratio of the system can be adjusted at the same time, the frequency modulation range is reduced in the same voltage regulation range, the transformer is easy to design, the circulation loss is reduced at the same time, and the system efficiency is improved.
When the output voltage of the system rises, the method for controlling the CLLC resonant converter by the PFM-PWM hybrid control enables the switching frequency to be increased, the conduction angle to be reduced, and the duty ratio of the system is increased, so that the frequency modulation range of the CLLC is reduced, and the circulating current loss is reduced.
Example two
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a system for PFM-PWM hybrid control of a CLLC resonant converter according to the present embodiment.
Referring to fig. 5, the system for PFM-PWM hybrid control of the CLLC resonant converter includes:
the PFM modulation module is used for acquiring the output voltage V of the CLLC resonant converteroAnd an output current IoOutput voltage VoAnd an output current IoRespectively comparing with reference value, respectively regulating by PI compensator and controlling by constant current/constant voltage (CC/CV) charging circuit to obtain PFM switching frequency control signal vf。
PWM modulation module for switching PFM control signal vfObtaining PWM control signal v by linear function calculationa。
A triangular carrier module for controlling PFM switching frequency control signal vfObtaining a triangular carrier signal v with a set frequency after passing through a triangular carrier circuitt。
A comparison module for comparing the PWM control signal vaAnd a triangular carrier signal vtThe comparison is carried out to obtain a control signal vcAnd then generates a driving signal of the CLLC resonant converter via a driving circuit.
By adopting the system for controlling the CLLC resonant converter by PFM-PWM mixing, when the load or the input voltage changes, the switching frequency and the duty ratio of the system can be adjusted at the same time, the frequency modulation range is reduced in the same voltage regulation range, the transformer is easy to design, the circulation loss is reduced at the same time, and the system efficiency is improved.
When the output voltage of the system rises, the system of the PFM-PWM hybrid control CLLC resonant converter increases the switching frequency, reduces the conduction angle, and increases the duty ratio of the system, thereby being beneficial to reducing the frequency modulation range of the CLLC and reducing the circulation loss.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions may occur depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of PFM-PWM hybrid control of a CLLC resonant converter, comprising:
collecting output voltage and output current of the CLLC resonant converter, comparing the output voltage and the output current with reference values respectively, and obtaining PFM switching frequency control signals after the output voltage and the output current are regulated by respective PI compensators and controlled by a constant current/constant voltage charging circuit;
the PFM switching frequency control signal is subjected to linear function calculation to obtain a PWM control signal;
the PFM switching frequency control signal outputs a triangular carrier signal with set frequency after passing through a triangular carrier circuit;
and comparing the PWM control signal with the triangular carrier signal to obtain a control signal, and generating a driving signal of the CLLC resonant converter after the control signal passes through a driving circuit.
2. The method for the hybrid control of the CLLC converter according to claim 1, wherein the PFM switching frequency control signal is obtained by:
collecting output voltage and output current of the CLLC resonant converter;
comparing the output voltage of the CLLC resonant converter with a voltage reference value to obtain a voltage error signal;
comparing the output current of the CLLC resonant converter with a current reference value to obtain a current error signal;
and the voltage error signal or the current error signal is regulated by the PI compensator and controlled by the constant current/constant voltage charging circuit respectively to obtain a PFM switch control signal.
3. The method for the hybrid control of the CLLC converter according to claim 2, wherein when the system operates in the constant voltage mode, the PFM switching control signal is obtained after the voltage error signal is adjusted by the PI compensator of the voltage loop and is subjected to the constant voltage control by the constant current/constant voltage charging circuit;
when the system works in a constant current mode, the current error signal is regulated by a PI compensator of a current loop and is subjected to constant current control of a constant current/constant voltage charging circuit to obtain a PFM switch control signal.
4. The method of PFM-PWM hybrid controlled CLLC resonant converter according to claim 1, wherein the PWM control signal is calculated by:
va＝b-a*vf
wherein a and b are constants, vfFor PFM switch control signal, vaIs a PWM control signal.
5. A system for PFM-PWM hybrid control of a CLLC resonant converter, comprising:
the PFM modulation module is used for collecting output voltage and output current of the CLLC resonant converter, comparing the output voltage and the output current with reference values respectively, and obtaining PFM switching frequency control signals after being regulated by respective PI compensators and controlled by a constant current/constant voltage charging circuit;
the PWM module is used for calculating the PFM switching frequency control signal through a linear function to obtain a PWM control signal;
the triangular carrier module is used for enabling the PFM switch control signal to pass through a triangular carrier circuit to obtain a triangular carrier signal with set frequency;
and the comparison module is used for comparing the PWM control signal with the triangular carrier signal to obtain a control signal, and generating a driving signal of the CLLC resonant converter after the control signal passes through the driving circuit.
6. The system of a PFM-PWM hybrid controlled CLLC resonant converter according to claim 5, wherein said PFM modulation module is implemented by:
collecting output voltage and output current of the CLLC resonant converter;
comparing the output voltage of the CLLC resonant converter with a voltage reference value to obtain a voltage error signal;
comparing the output current of the CLLC resonant converter with a current reference value to obtain a current error signal;
and the voltage error signal or the current error signal is regulated by the PI compensator and controlled by the constant current/constant voltage charging circuit respectively to obtain a PFM switch control signal.
7. The system of the PFM-PWM hybrid controlled CLLC resonant converter according to claim 5, wherein when the system operates in the constant voltage mode, the PFM modulation module adjusts the voltage error signal through the PI compensator of the voltage loop and performs constant voltage control on the constant current/constant voltage charging circuit to obtain a PFM switching frequency control signal;
when the system works in a constant current mode, the PFM modulation module adjusts the current error signal through a PI compensator of a current loop and performs constant current control on a constant current/constant voltage charging circuit to obtain a PFM switching frequency control signal.
8. The system of a PFM-PWM hybrid controlled CLLC resonant converter according to claim 5, wherein the PWM modulation module calculates the PWM control signal by:
va＝b-a*vf
wherein a and b correspond to a constant, vfFor PFM switching frequency control signal, vaIs a PWM control signal.
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| CN103138573B (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2016-03-09 | 上海新进半导体制造有限公司 | Step down switching regulator and control circuit thereof |
| JP6575176B2 (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2019-09-18 | Tdk株式会社 | Power supply control device and control method |
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| CN101064476A (en) * | 2006-04-30 | 2007-10-31 | 艾默生网络能源系统有限公司 | Resonant DC/DC converter and its control method |
| CN102684503A (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2012-09-19 | 香港应用科技研究院有限公司 | Flyback type converter with adjustable switching frequency control and work cycle adjustment |
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