CN113417977A - Gearbox structure of reversing gear - Google Patents

Gearbox structure of reversing gear Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113417977A
CN113417977A CN202110617839.XA CN202110617839A CN113417977A CN 113417977 A CN113417977 A CN 113417977A CN 202110617839 A CN202110617839 A CN 202110617839A CN 113417977 A CN113417977 A CN 113417977A
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China
Prior art keywords
gear
planet carrier
ring
reverse gear
guide ring
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Granted
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CN202110617839.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113417977B (en
Inventor
闵运东
仲大伟
王佳
赵卫平
郑万生
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Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Co Ltd
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Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Co Ltd
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Publication of CN113417977A publication Critical patent/CN113417977A/en
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Publication of CN113417977B publication Critical patent/CN113417977B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/043—Guidance of lubricant within rotary parts, e.g. axial channels or radial openings in shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
    • F16H57/082—Planet carriers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of gearboxes, and particularly relates to a gearbox reverse gear structure of a gearbox reverse gear structure, which is characterized in that: the planetary gear is arranged on a planetary carrier through a shaft; the planet carrier can move axially and is respectively meshed with the output shaft and the shell at two limit positions; when the carrier is engaged with the housing, power is transmitted to the output shaft through the ring gear. The invention realizes reverse rotation by utilizing the planetary gear ring of the auxiliary box, cancels the reverse gear set and the connecting device thereof, reduces the length of the gearbox and the number of parts, and has the advantages of less parts, convenient operation, low cost and reliable quality.

Description

Gearbox structure of reversing gear
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gearboxes, and particularly relates to a gearbox reverse gear structure.
Background
Chinese patent 'a motor drive dog clutch type automobile reverse gear structure', publication No. CN106151486A, published No. 2016.11.23, discloses a motor drive dog clutch type automobile reverse gear structure, which comprises an input shaft, the middle part of the input shaft is arranged in a first sleeve through a bearing, the first sleeve is arranged on a fixed flat plate, a dog clutch is fixed on the left side of the fixed flat plate, the left side of the first sleeve is in clearance fit with the inner ring of a second deep groove ball bearing, the second deep groove ball bearing is connected with a planet carrier through a second sleeve, a planetary gear connected with the planet carrier is meshed with the outer tooth surface of the input shaft and the inner tooth surface of an output wheel, the outer side of the planet carrier is connected with a shifting fork, a lead screw nut is arranged on the shifting fork, the output shaft of a motor is connected in the lead screw nut, the position of the planet carrier is adjusted, so that the right tooth of the planet carrier is meshed with the left tooth of the dog clutch, or the left tooth of the planet carrier is meshed with the right tooth of the output wheel, or the planet carrier is separated from the output wheel, and simultaneously the planet carrier is also separated from the jaw clutch, thereby realizing the speed reduction and reverse gear functions of the automobile, and having flexible and reliable control mode and low cost.
When the automobile gear shifting device is used, the input shaft is connected with the internal combustion engine and the motor, the output wheel is connected with the gearbox, when the automobile gear shifting device needs to work at a reverse gear position, the motor is used as a power source of the gear shifting mechanism to perform rotary motion, the output shaft of the motor drives the screw nut to perform axial translational motion, the translational motion of the screw nut is transmitted to the planet carrier through the shifting fork, the horizontal position of the planet carrier can be changed by controlling the motor, when the planet carrier translates rightwards until right teeth of the planet carrier are meshed with left teeth of the jaw clutch, the output wheel and the input shaft rotate in a speed reduction mode in the opposite direction, and the.
The Chinese patent 'reverse gear assembly for gearbox', publication No. CN203730674U, granted publication No. 2014.07.23, discloses a reverse gear assembly for gearbox, which belongs to the field of engineering machinery. The power input shaft is provided with a sun gear, and the first gear assembly comprises a first gear planet shaft, a first gear planet carrier, a first gear piston and a first gear inner gear ring; the reverse gear assembly comprises a reverse gear planetary shaft, a reverse gear planetary frame, a reverse gear piston, a reverse gear inner gear ring, and a driven friction plate and a driving friction plate which are sequentially arranged at intervals; the first-gear planetary shaft and the reverse-gear planetary shaft are respectively provided with a planetary wheel which is matched with the sun wheel; the sun gear adopts positive displacement plus 0.275, and the reverse gear inner gear ring, the first gear planet carrier and the first gear inner gear ring adopt negative displacement minus 0.1821; the planet wheel adopts positive deflection + 0.2685.
When a reverse gear is engaged, pressure oil pushes a reverse gear piston to move right to press five driven friction plates and four driving friction plates, a reverse gear planet carrier is fixed, power is transmitted through a sun gear, and is transmitted to a direct gear pressure disc through a planet gear, a reverse gear inner gear ring and a first gear planet carrier to be output; when a first gear is engaged, pressure oil pushes a first gear piston to move left to press five driven friction plates and five driving friction plates, a first gear planet carrier is fixed, a first gear inner gear ring is fixed by a friction plate set, power is transmitted through a sun gear, and is transmitted to a direct gear pressure receiving disc through a planet gear and the first gear planet carrier to be output.
Chinese patent "a speed change mechanism", publication No. CN103899717A, open day 2014.07.02 discloses a speed change mechanism, including input device, output device, shell and install in planetary gear mechanism in the shell, planetary gear mechanism includes planet carrier and planetary gear, the planet carrier fixed set up in inside the shell, be provided with on the planet carrier planetary gear, input device pass through planetary gear mechanism with output device connects. The reversing gear is added, the reverse gear action of the vehicle and the like can be realized, the requirement in the driving process of the vehicle is met, and the vehicle is more humanized.
The 'one speed change mechanism' reverse gear is realized as follows: the output shaft external splines of output shaft and counter gear's internal splines link up, the input shaft passes through the input shaft external gear and drives one-level planetary gear and rotate, one-level planetary gear drives the planet carrier and rotates, the planet carrier drives the second grade planetary gear who is connected with the planet carrier ring gear and rotates, second grade planetary gear drives counter gear and rotates to drive the output shaft reversal, can realize the reverse gear action of vehicle etc. satisfy the demand of vehicle driving in-process, it is more humanized.
Chinese patent "a tractor gearbox switching mechanism that reverses gear", publication number CN209688006U, grant announcement day 2019.11.26, disclose a tractor gearbox switching mechanism that reverses gear, including planetary gear set, dc-to-ac converter, controlling device, planetary gear set is double planetary gear, and its structure includes ring gear, sun gear, outer planet wheel, interior planet wheel and planet carrier, the dc-to-ac converter includes fixed gear and switching-over cover, controlling device includes power input shaft and control lever, planet carrier is connected with outer planet gear, interior planet gear, the embedded fixed connection of fixed gear and planet carrier, power input shaft and sun gear fixed connection, the installation that the switching-over cover can be controlled through the spline is on the power input shaft, control lever and switching-over cover fixed connection.
The working principle that the double-row planetary gear set is matched with the inverter is adopted, and the forward gear and the reverse gear are the same in number. The operating rod pushes right to drive the reversing sleeve to move right, the reversing gear is meshed with the fixed gear, power opposite to the power input shaft is input to the planetary gear carrier, the outer planetary gear and the inner planetary gear are driven to overturn under the action of the planetary gear carrier, and the tractor runs backwards, so that the reverse gear of the gearbox of the tractor is quickly switched.
The multiplication that current heavy many grades of gearboxes generally adopted main tank + NGW planet auxiliary box structure to realize the velocity ratio, and the auxiliary box has two to keep off: the transmission device comprises a low gear, a high gear, a gear ring, an auxiliary box, a planetary gear and a planet carrier, wherein the gear ring is connected with an output shaft when the high gear is in high gear, the gear ring is fixed when the low gear is in low gear, power is transmitted to the output shaft through the sun gear, the planetary gear and the planet carrier, and the planet carrier and the output shaft are integrated into a whole. Since the carrier speed is the revolution speed, a large reduction ratio can be obtained. The existing heavy multi-gear gearbox reverse gear scheme: the power of the engine passes through the normally meshed gear set and the reverse gear set, and is output to the axle and the wheels after being subjected to low-gear gradual speed reduction through the auxiliary box. The reverse gear set is arranged in the main box to realize the rotation speed reversal of the engine.
The main box needs to be provided with a reverse gear set, a joint device of the reverse gear set, a control lever system and the like, so that the length and the cost of the gearbox are increased, the gear shifting is complex, and the arrangement difficulty is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a reverse gear structure of a gearbox, which has the advantages of reduced length of the gearbox, no gear disengagement, low cost and convenience in installation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention designs a reverse gear structure of a gearbox, which is characterized in that: the planetary gear is arranged on a planetary carrier through a shaft; the planet carrier can move axially and is respectively meshed with the output shaft and the shell at two limit positions; when the carrier is engaged with the housing, power is transmitted to the output shaft through the ring gear.
Preferably, a reverse gear connecting piece is arranged on the planet carrier and is connected with the operating lever; the reverse gear connecting piece can be meshed with the shell.
Further preferably, the reverse gear connecting piece is engaged with a two-shaft bearing cover provided on the housing.
Further preferably, a gear shifting groove is formed in the outer wall of the reverse gear connecting piece and connected with the operating rod.
Preferably, a guide ring is arranged between the hole wall of the planet carrier and the outer wall of the input shaft; a snap ring is arranged between the guide ring and the planet carrier; the outer diameter of the guide ring is larger than the inner diameter of the clamping ring and smaller than the outer diameter of the clamping ring.
Further preferably, at least two trapezoidal grooves for accommodating the snap ring are formed in the inner wall of the planet carrier. In this way, the extreme positions of the axial displacement of the planet carrier are defined by the two trapezoidal grooves.
Preferably, the guide ring is provided with an annular groove for accommodating the snap ring, and the inner diameter of the annular groove is smaller than that of the snap ring.
Still further preferably, a first gap is formed between part of the inner wall of the guide ring and the output shaft; the output shaft is provided with a first oil hole which is radially arranged and communicated with the first gap, and the guide ring is provided with a second oil hole which is communicated with the first gap and the annular groove. Therefore, the function of lubricating the snap ring is achieved, and the planet carrier is convenient to operate to move.
Still further preferably, a second gap is provided between the guide ring and the carrier, and a third oil hole for communicating the second gap with the first gap is provided in the guide ring. In this way, it acts to lubricate the synchronizer and the bearings.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the planetary gear ring of the auxiliary box is utilized to realize reverse rotation, a reverse gear set and a connecting device thereof are eliminated, the length of the gearbox and the number of parts are reduced, and the cost of the gearbox is reduced.
2. The guide ring is matched with the clamping ring to form a positioning structure, so that reliable positioning before and after gear shifting of the planet carrier is guaranteed, and gear disengagement is prevented.
3. And a pressure lubricating oil passage is arranged between the positioning contact surfaces between the guide ring and the planet carrier, so that abrasion is prevented.
4. The reverse gear external engaging teeth are integrated on the bearing cover, so that the number of parts is reduced, and the installation is convenient.
5. The invention reduces the length and weight of the gearbox, has less parts, convenient operation, low cost and reliable quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a prior art schematic
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the present invention prior to engagement in reverse gear
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 3
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the present invention after reverse engagement
In the figure: 1. a normally meshed gear set; 2. a first gear group; 3. a housing; 4. a two-axis bearing cap; 5. a planet carrier; 6. a sun gear; 7. a planet wheel; 8. a ring gear; 9. a shaft; 10. a snap ring; 11. a guide ring; 12. a gear sleeve; 13. a high-grade conical ring; 14. a main oil pipe; 15. and an output shaft.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention (including the preferred ones) are further described in detail by means of fig. 2 to 5 and enumerating some alternative embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example one
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the reverse gear structure of the transmission designed by the invention comprises a sun gear 6, a planet gear 7 meshed with the sun gear 6, and a gear ring 8 meshed with the planet gear 7, wherein the planet gear 7 is mounted on a planet carrier 5 through a shaft; the planet carrier 5 can move axially and is respectively meshed with the output shaft 15 and the shell 3 at two limit positions; when the carrier 5 is engaged with the housing 3, power is transmitted to the output shaft 15 through the ring gear 8.
A reverse gear connecting piece is arranged on the planet carrier 5 and is connected with the operating lever; the reverse gear connection can engage with the housing 3.
A guide ring 11 is arranged between the hole wall of the planet carrier 5 and the outer wall of the input shaft; a clamping ring 10 is arranged between the guide ring 11 and the planet carrier 5; the outer diameter of the guide ring 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the snap ring 10 and smaller than the outer diameter of the snap ring 10.
The outer wall of the reverse gear connecting piece is provided with a gear shifting groove, and the gear shifting groove is connected with the operating rod.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the reverse gear structure of the transmission designed by the invention comprises a sun gear 6, a planet gear 7 meshed with the sun gear 6, and a gear ring 8 meshed with the planet gear 7, wherein the planet gear 7 is mounted on a planet carrier 5 through a shaft; the planet carrier 5 can move axially and is respectively meshed with the output shaft 15 and the shell 3 at two limit positions; when the carrier 5 is engaged with the housing 3, power is transmitted to the output shaft 15 through the ring gear 8.
The reverse gear connecting piece is engaged with a two-shaft bearing cover 4 arranged on the shell 3.
The outer wall of the reverse gear connecting piece is provided with a gear shifting groove, and the gear shifting groove is connected with the operating rod.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the reverse gear structure of the transmission designed by the invention comprises a sun gear 6, a planet gear 7 meshed with the sun gear 6, and a gear ring 8 meshed with the planet gear 7, wherein the planet gear 7 is mounted on a planet carrier 5 through a shaft; the planet carrier 5 can move axially and is respectively meshed with the output shaft 15 and the shell 3 at two limit positions; when the carrier 5 is engaged with the housing 3, power is transmitted to the output shaft 15 through the ring gear 8.
A guide ring 11 is arranged between the hole wall of the planet carrier 5 and the outer wall of the input shaft; a clamping ring 10 is arranged between the guide ring 11 and the planet carrier 5; the outer diameter of the guide ring 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the snap ring 10 and smaller than the outer diameter of the snap ring 10.
At least two trapezoidal grooves for accommodating the snap ring 10 are arranged on the inner wall of the planet carrier 5. In this way, the extreme positions of the axial displacement of the planet carrier 5 are defined by the two trapezoidal grooves.
Example four
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the reverse gear structure of the transmission designed by the invention comprises a sun gear 6, a planet gear 7 meshed with the sun gear 6, and a gear ring 8 meshed with the planet gear 7, wherein the planet gear 7 is mounted on a planet carrier 5 through a shaft; the planet carrier 5 can move axially and is respectively meshed with the output shaft 15 and the shell 3 at two limit positions; when the carrier 5 is engaged with the housing 3, power is transmitted to the output shaft 15 through the ring gear 8.
A guide ring 11 is arranged between the hole wall of the planet carrier 5 and the outer wall of the input shaft; a clamping ring 10 is arranged between the guide ring 11 and the planet carrier 5; the outer diameter of the guide ring 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the snap ring 10 and smaller than the outer diameter of the snap ring 10.
At least two trapezoidal grooves for accommodating the snap ring 10 are arranged on the inner wall of the planet carrier 5. In this way, the extreme positions of the axial displacement of the planet carrier 5 are defined by the two trapezoidal grooves.
The guide ring 11 is provided with an annular groove for accommodating the snap ring 10, and the inner diameter of the annular groove is smaller than that of the snap ring 10.
A first gap 15c is formed between part of the inner wall of the guide ring 11 and the output shaft 15; the output shaft 15 is provided with a first oil hole 15b radially arranged and communicated with the first gap 15c, and the guide ring 11 is provided with a second oil hole 11b communicated with the first gap 15c and the annular groove 11. Thus, the function of lubricating the snap ring 10 is achieved, and the planet carrier 5 is convenient to operate and move.
A second gap is formed between the guide ring 11 and the planet carrier 5, namely the guide inner hole 5d, and a third oil hole 11c for communicating the second gap, namely the guide inner hole 5d, with the first gap 15c is formed in the guide ring 11. In this way, it acts to lubricate the synchronizer and the bearings.
EXAMPLE five
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the reverse gear structure of the transmission designed by the invention comprises a sun gear 6, a planet gear 7 meshed with the sun gear 6, and a gear ring 8 meshed with the planet gear 7, wherein the planet gear 7 is mounted on a planet carrier 5 through a shaft; the planet carrier 5 can move axially and is respectively meshed with the output shaft 15 and the shell 3 at two limit positions; when the carrier 5 is engaged with the housing 3, power is transmitted to the output shaft 15 through the ring gear 8.
A reverse gear connecting piece is arranged on the planet carrier 5 and is connected with the operating lever; the reverse gear connection can engage with the housing 3.
The outer wall of the reverse gear connecting piece is provided with a gear shifting groove, and the gear shifting groove is connected with the operating rod.
A guide ring 11 is arranged between the hole wall of the planet carrier 5 and the outer wall of the input shaft; a clamping ring 10 is arranged between the guide ring 11 and the planet carrier 5; the outer diameter of the guide ring 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the snap ring 10 and smaller than the outer diameter of the snap ring 10.
At least two trapezoidal grooves for accommodating the snap ring 10 are arranged on the inner wall of the planet carrier 5. In this way, the extreme positions of the axial displacement of the planet carrier 5 are defined by the two trapezoidal grooves.
The guide ring 11 is provided with an annular groove for accommodating the snap ring 10, and the inner diameter of the annular groove is smaller than that of the snap ring 10.
A first gap 15c is formed between part of the inner wall of the guide ring 11 and the output shaft 15; the output shaft 15 is provided with a first oil hole 15b radially arranged and communicated with the first gap 15c, and the guide ring 11 is provided with a second oil hole 11b communicated with the first gap 15c and the annular groove 11. Thus, the function of lubricating the snap ring 10 is achieved, and the planet carrier 5 is convenient to operate and move.
A second gap is formed between the guide ring 11 and the planet carrier 5, namely the guide inner hole 5d, and a third oil hole 11c for communicating the second gap, namely the guide inner hole 5d, with the first gap 15c is formed in the guide ring 11. In this way, it acts to lubricate the synchronizer and the bearings.
EXAMPLE six
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the reverse gear structure of the transmission designed by the invention comprises a sun gear 6, a planet gear 7 meshed with the sun gear 6, and a gear ring 8 meshed with the planet gear 7, wherein the planet gear 7 is mounted on a planet carrier 5 through a shaft; the planet carrier 5 can move axially and is respectively meshed with the output shaft 15 and the shell 3 at two limit positions; when the carrier 5 is engaged with the housing 3, power is transmitted to the output shaft 15 through the ring gear 8.
A reverse gear connecting piece is arranged on the planet carrier 5 and is connected with the operating lever; the reverse gear connection can engage with the housing 3.
A reverse gear connecting piece is arranged on the planet carrier 5 and is connected with the operating lever; the reverse gear connection can engage with the housing 3.
The reverse gear connecting piece is engaged with a two-shaft bearing cover 4 arranged on the shell 3.
The outer wall of the reverse gear connecting piece is provided with a gear shifting groove, and the gear shifting groove is connected with the operating rod.
A guide ring 11 is arranged between the hole wall of the planet carrier 5 and the outer wall of the input shaft; a clamping ring 10 is arranged between the guide ring 11 and the planet carrier 5; the outer diameter of the guide ring 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the snap ring 10 and smaller than the outer diameter of the snap ring 10.
The guide ring 11 is provided with an annular groove for accommodating the snap ring 10, and the inner diameter of the annular groove is smaller than that of the snap ring 10.
EXAMPLE seven
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the reverse gear structure of the transmission designed by the invention comprises a sun gear 6, a planet gear 7 meshed with the sun gear 6, and a gear ring 8 meshed with the planet gear 7, wherein the planet gear 7 is mounted on a planet carrier 5 through a shaft; the planet carrier 5 can move axially and is respectively meshed with the output shaft 15 and the shell 3 at two limit positions; when the carrier 5 is engaged with the housing 3, power is transmitted to the output shaft 15 through the ring gear 8.
A reverse gear connecting piece is arranged on the planet carrier 5 and is connected with the operating lever; the reverse gear connection can engage with the housing 3.
The reverse gear connecting piece is engaged with a two-shaft bearing cover 4 arranged on the shell 3.
The outer wall of the reverse gear connecting piece is provided with a gear shifting groove, and the gear shifting groove is connected with the operating rod.
A guide ring 11 is arranged between the hole wall of the planet carrier 5 and the outer wall of the input shaft; a clamping ring 10 is arranged between the guide ring 11 and the planet carrier 5; the outer diameter of the guide ring 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the snap ring 10 and smaller than the outer diameter of the snap ring 10.
At least two trapezoidal grooves for accommodating the snap ring 10 are arranged on the inner wall of the planet carrier 5. In this way, the extreme positions of the axial displacement of the planet carrier 5 are defined by the two trapezoidal grooves.
The guide ring 11 is provided with an annular groove for accommodating the snap ring 10, and the inner diameter of the annular groove is smaller than that of the snap ring 10.
A first gap 15c is formed between part of the inner wall of the guide ring 11 and the output shaft 15; the output shaft 15 is provided with a first oil hole 15b radially arranged and communicated with the first gap 15c, and the guide ring 11 is provided with a second oil hole 11b communicated with the first gap 15c and the annular groove 11. Thus, the function of lubricating the snap ring 10 is achieved, and the planet carrier 5 is convenient to operate and move.
A second gap is formed between the guide ring 11 and the planet carrier 5, namely the guide inner hole 5d, and a third oil hole 11c for communicating the second gap, namely the guide inner hole 5d, with the first gap 15c is formed in the guide ring 11. In this way, it acts to lubricate the synchronizer and the bearings.
As shown in fig. 2, the reverse gear structure of the transmission designed by the present invention utilizes the characteristic that the planetary gear train can reverse, and cancels the reverse gear set and the engagement device thereof of the main box, the power is output in the forward direction through the normally meshed gear set 1 and the first gear set 2, and then output in the reverse direction through the sun gear 6, the planet gear 7, the gear ring 8 and the output shaft 15, at this time, the planet carrier 5 is fixed, the planet gear 7 is equivalent to an idler gear, and drives the gear ring 5 to reverse, and the gear ring 5 and the output shaft 7 are engaged to output the power.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the planet wheels 7 are mounted on the planet carrier 5 through the shaft 9, and the planet carrier 5 and the output shaft 15 are connected through the spline 5b and the spline 15 a; a guide inner hole 5d is reserved at the rear end of the planet carrier 5 to form a second gap, and the outer wall of the guide ring 11 is in small-gap fit so as to achieve axial and radial motion guide of the planet carrier. In order to prevent the planet carrier from axially shifting, a first trapezoidal groove 5c and a second trapezoidal groove 5e are respectively arranged on the planet carrier 5, an annular groove 11a is arranged on the guide ring 11, and a clamping ring 10 is arranged in the annular groove 11 a; the outer diameter of the guide ring 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the clamping ring 10 and smaller than the outer diameter of the clamping ring 10, so that the front position and the rear position of the reverse gear joint of the planet carrier are positioned. The snap ring 10 is pressed in the first trapezoidal groove 5c or the second trapezoidal groove 5e by external tension, and a radial gap and an end surface gap are reserved between the snap ring and the annular groove 11 a. The front end of the planet carrier is provided with a reverse gear connecting piece 5.1, and the reverse gear connecting piece 5.1 is provided with reverse gear inner engaging teeth 5a and a gear shifting groove 5 f. The two-shaft bearing cover 4 is connected to the housing 3 by bolts, and the two-shaft bearing cover 4 is integrated with reverse gear outer engaging teeth 4 a.
When the reverse gear is engaged, the operating rod firstly pushes the gear sleeve 12 to be connected with the high-gear conical ring 13, so that the gear ring 8 is connected with the output shaft 15 through the auxiliary box high-gear synchronizer, meanwhile, the operating rod forwards pushes the reverse gear shifting groove 5f, so that the planet carrier 5 drives the planet gear assembly to slide relative to the sun gear 6 and the gear ring 8 until the reverse gear inner joint teeth 5a are connected with the 4a reverse gear outer joint teeth, and meanwhile, the clamping ring 10 slides out of the first trapezoidal groove 5c and then falls into the second trapezoidal groove 5e, so that the axial positioning of the planet carrier 5 is realized, and the gear shifting is finished (as shown in figure 5). At the moment, the planet carrier 5 and the output shaft 15 are separated and fixed on the shell 3, power is transmitted to the secondary shaft 1 through the primary gear 2 and then transmitted to the output shaft 15 through the sun gear 6, the planet gear 7, the gear ring 8, the high-gear conical ring 13 and the like, and the purpose of reverse rotation of the output shaft is achieved.
A first gap 15c is formed between part of the inner wall of the guide ring 11 and the output shaft 15; the output shaft 15 is provided with a first oil hole 15b radially arranged and communicated with the first gap 15c, and the guide ring 11 is provided with a second oil hole 11b communicated with the first gap 15c and the annular groove 11. A second gap is formed between the guide ring 11 and the planet carrier 5, namely the guide inner hole 5d, and a third oil hole 11c for communicating the second gap, namely the guide inner hole 5d, with the first gap 15c is formed in the guide ring 11.
After the reverse gear is hung, the snap ring 10 is tightly pressed in the second trapezoidal groove 5e and stays still together with the planet carrier 5, and the planet carrier 5 and the guide ring 11 rotate relatively, so that the end surface of the snap ring 10 and the end surface of the snap ring groove 11a also rotate relatively, a first oil hole 15b is added on the output shaft 15, a second oil hole 11b is added below the annular groove 11a, pressure lubricating oil of the main oil pipe 14 is led into a snap ring end surface gap to prevent end surface abrasion, and meanwhile, a third oil hole 11c is added to lubricate a synchronizer and a bearing.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be understood broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and any modification, combination, replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention is included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a gearbox structure of backing a gear which characterized in that: the planetary gear is arranged on a planetary carrier through a shaft; the planet carrier can move axially and is respectively meshed with the output shaft and the shell at two limit positions; when the carrier is engaged with the housing, power is transmitted to the output shaft through the ring gear.
2. The transmission reverse gear structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the planet carrier is provided with a reverse gear connecting piece, and the reverse gear connecting piece is connected with the operating rod; the reverse gear connecting piece can be meshed with the shell.
3. The transmission reverse gear structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the reverse gear connecting piece is meshed with a two-shaft bearing cover arranged on the shell.
4. The transmission reverse gear structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the outer wall of the reverse gear connecting piece is provided with a gear shifting groove, and the gear shifting groove is connected with the operating rod.
5. The transmission reverse gear structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: a guide ring is arranged between the hole wall of the planet carrier and the outer wall of the input shaft; a snap ring is arranged between the guide ring and the planet carrier; the outer diameter of the guide ring is larger than the inner diameter of the clamping ring and smaller than the outer diameter of the clamping ring.
6. The transmission reverse gear structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: the inner wall of the planet carrier is at least provided with two trapezoidal grooves for accommodating the snap ring.
7. The transmission reverse gear structure according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: the guide ring is provided with an annular groove for accommodating the clamping ring, and the inner diameter of the annular groove is smaller than that of the clamping ring.
8. The transmission reverse gear structure according to claim 7, wherein: a first gap is formed between part of the inner wall of the guide ring and the output shaft; the output shaft is provided with a first oil hole which is radially arranged and communicated with the first gap, and the guide ring is provided with a second oil hole which is communicated with the first gap and the annular groove.
9. The transmission reverse gear structure according to claim 8, wherein: and a second gap is arranged between the guide ring and the planet carrier, and a third oil hole for communicating the second gap with the first gap is formed in the guide ring.
CN202110617839.XA 2021-05-31 2021-05-31 Gearbox structure of reversing gear Active CN113417977B (en)

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