CN103335075A - Electronic control speed regulating stepless speed changing system and control method - Google Patents
Electronic control speed regulating stepless speed changing system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103335075A CN103335075A CN2013102804544A CN201310280454A CN103335075A CN 103335075 A CN103335075 A CN 103335075A CN 2013102804544 A CN2013102804544 A CN 2013102804544A CN 201310280454 A CN201310280454 A CN 201310280454A CN 103335075 A CN103335075 A CN 103335075A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electronic control speed regulating stepless speed changing system and control method. The electronic control speed regulating stepless speed changing system mainly comprises a speed regulating motor, a speed reducing gear which is connected with the output shaft of the speed regulating motor, a planetary gear mechanism which is meshed with the speed reducing gear, a backward gear mechanism which is arranged on the center shaft of a planetary frame of the planetary gear mechanism, an output shaft which is connected with a backward gear driven gear of the backward gear mechanism, and three engagement sleeve assemblies for switching gears. Moving positions of the three engagement sleeve assemblies are controlled, and therefore the speed changing system can be freely shifted to a neutral gear, a forward gear and a backward gear. On one hand, the probability of an engine to give play to high power is increased, and the dynamic performance of an automobile is improved; on the other hand, the possibility of the engine to work in a low fuel consumption region is increased, fuel consumption of the automobile is reduced, the fuel economic performance of the automobile is improved, and the dynamic property and fuel economy of the automobile can be remarkably improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stepless speed variator system, particularly a kind of ECU (Electrical Control Unit) adjusting motor speed that utilizes is realized infinite variable speed speed variator system and controlling method.
Background technique
Actuating unit (or claiming mechanism) is all mechanical most basic important component parts, and its function is that the power that power source (as motor or motor etc.) sends is passed to operation mechanism's (as the driving wheel of various types of vehicles, the propeller cavitation on naval vessel, main shaft/cutterhead of lathe etc.).Because often there is bigger difference in the dynamics (as rotating speed, torque etc.) of power source with the demand of operation mechanism, actuating unit between power source and operation mechanism need have speed changing function for this reason, and the transmission device in Here it is numerous machineries adopts the reason of speed changer (transmission device of transmission ratio-variable).
At present, speed changer in usefulness in all kinds of machineries has mechanical step change transmission, belt mechanical stepless transmission (as CVT), hydraulic stepless speed-changing device (as fluid torque converter) etc. multiple, wherein: the shortcoming of mechanical step change transmission is the gear number (progression of speed change) of speed changer limited (the most frequently used is 4～6 grades), because it is that jumping characteristic changes that the speed ratio between each gear has bigger differential and gearshift procedure speed ratio, therefore its power transmission characteristic is not ideal enough, this just people wish to replace with stepless speed variator the immediate cause of mechanical step change transmission always; CVT and fluid torque converter have stepless speed change function, but the two common shortcoming is: 1. the speed ratio excursion is little, often need requirement to the speed ratio excursion be arranged grade mechanical transmission to be used can to satisfy in all kinds of machineries with another; 2. transmission efficiency is low, energy consumption is big; 3. complex structure, manufacture cost height.Therefore, need a kind of stepless time adjustment system badly to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned existing all kinds of speed changers.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the defective that overcomes prior art, a kind of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system and controlling method are provided, simple in structure, low cost of manufacture, transmission efficiency height, utilize Gear combination can realize stepless shift function, and can freedom and flexibility switch gear.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technological scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:
A kind of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system, mainly comprise speed-adjustable motor, the reduction gear that is connected with the speed-adjustable motor output shaft, with reduction gear planet gear meshed mechanism, planetary gears planet carrier central shaft on the reverse gear mechanism, the output shaft that is connected with the reverse gear driven gear of reverse gear mechanism that arrange, and three engagement grip assemblies that are used for switching gear;
It is characterized in that: planetary gears mainly is made up of sun wheel shaft, sun gear, planet carrier, planetary pinion and gear ring, sun gear is bearing on the sun wheel shaft by bearing, and sun wheel shaft also is that input shaft and planet carrier central shaft are spaced apart on same straight line; Planetary pinion engagement on sun gear and the planet carrier planet axis, planetary pinion and the engagement of gear ring ring gear; The planet carrier central shaft is bearing in the gear ring center hole by bearing; Planetary gears is by gear ring external toothing and reduction gear engagement; Gear ring is bearing on the housing of stepless speed variator system by bearing; Reduction gear links to each other with the output shaft of speed-adjustable motor;
In the reverse gear mechanism, the reverse gear driven gear is bearing on the output shaft by bearing, and main body is the internal gear that has ring gear, and internal gear central shaft hole left side arranges the gearshift engaging tooth of a circle outer gearing; The main body internal gear is by a reverse gear carrier gear and reverse driving gear engagement; The engagement grip assembly is set on the left side of reverse gear driven gear internal gear central shaft hole, the output shaft No. one, No. one the engagement grip assembly is made up of engagement cover tooth hub and the engagement cover that is set on the engagement cover tooth hub, the interior engaging tooth that engagement puts meshes with the outer gearing tooth that engagement is overlapped on the tooth hub, and meshing cover can be free to slide about on the engagement cover tooth hub, with the engagement of gearshift engaging tooth or the disengaging of reverse gear driven gear; Engagement cover tooth hub is fixed on the output shaft; Output shaft and planet carrier central shaft gap on same straight line arranges, when the engagement cover in engagement grip assembly with the hub engagement of engagement cover tooth and when breaking away from the gearshift engaging tooth of reverse gear driven gear, planet carrier and output shaft are separate;
The rear end that the planet carrier central shaft passes behind the gear ring center hole is equipped with engagement grip assembly, reverse driving gear and planet carrier outer gearing tooth successively No. two; Reverse driving gear is bearing on the planet carrier central shaft by bearing, and main body is external gear pump, and the main body left side is the gearshift engaging tooth of a circle outer gearing; Reverse driving gear is bearing on the planet carrier central shaft by bearing, meshes between grip assembly and the planet carrier outer gearing tooth at No. two; No. two engagement grip assemblies are by the engagement at middle part cover tooth hub and be set in outside engagement and overlap two parts and forms, and engagement is overlapped the tooth hub and is fixed on the planet carrier central shaft; Mesh the interior engaging tooth that puts and the outer gearing tooth engagement of meshing on the cover tooth hub, and mesh cover and can mesh the engagement of gearshift engaging gear or the disengaging that freely horizontally slip on the cover tooth hub with reverse driving gear; Planet carrier outer gearing tooth connects firmly at planet carrier center the tip of the axis, when moving freely about the engagement cover of an engagement grip assembly, can break away from or engagement with planet carrier outer gearing tooth;
In the sun gear left side, the engagement grip assembly is installed on the sun wheel shaft No. three, No. three the engagement grip assembly is made up of engagement cover tooth hub and the engagement cover that is set on the engagement cover tooth hub, the outer gearing tooth engagement on the interior engaging tooth that engagement puts and the engagement cover tooth hub, and engagement is overlapped the tooth hub and is fixed on the sun wheel shaft; The sun gear main body is the outer gearing tooth, and the main body left side is the less gearshift engaging tooth for outer gearing of a loop diameter; Mesh and overlap the engagement of gearshift engaging gear or the disengaging that can about engagement is overlapped on the tooth hub, be free to slide with sun gear.
By technique scheme, the structure of three engagement grip assemblies is identical, and the cover of engagement separately tooth hub is fixed on the corresponding axis by key or spline.
A kind of shifting control method that adopts above-mentioned speed variator system by controlling the mobile position of three engagement grip assemblies, is realized speed variator system freely switching between neutral, forward gear and reverse gear; It is characterized in that:
1) neutral gear control: the power supply that disconnects speed-adjustable motor, speed-adjustable motor place and off working state, the engagement cover of No. three engagement grip assembly outsides moved to left makes it to break away from engagement with the gearshift engaging tooth in sun gear left side, this moment No. two engagements grip assemblies and No. three engagement grip assemblies all only with self engagement cover tooth hub engagement; Under the neutral control gear, input shaft or sun wheel shaft dally at the sun gear center;
2) forward gears comprises lowest gear and stepless time adjustment shelves: the engagement cover of No. three engagement grip assembly outsides is moved to right makes it gearshift engaging tooth engagement with the sun gear left side, and the engagement cover that is moved to the left an engagement grip assembly outside makes it to mesh with planet carrier outer gearing tooth; Utilizing electric machine controller that speed-adjustable motor is placed braking state also is lowest gear, at this moment the velocity ratio maximum of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system; Remove the braking of speed-adjustable motor, utilize electric machine controller to regulate the rotating speed of speed-adjustable motor, the velocity ratio of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system is stepless variation thereupon, namely enters the stepless speed regulation state; In this gear control, No. two the engagement grip assembly only overlaps the engagement of tooth hub with the engagement of self;
3) reverse gear: move right simultaneously and mesh the engagement cover of grip assembly and an engagement grip assembly outside for No. two, make each mesh cover and mesh with the gearshift engaging tooth that meshes cover right side next-door neighbour separately respectively, utilize electric machine controller that speed-adjustable motor is placed braking state; At this moment, mesh the gearshift engaging tooth engagement of grip assembly and sun gear for No. three.
The beneficial effect of native system and controlling method is:
Compare with mechanical step change transmission, because the automatically controlled speed governing electrodeless variable-speed of basis system can realize electrodeless variable-speed in required speed ratio excursion, therefore having overcome between mechanical step change transmission gear number (progression of speed change) limited (the most frequently used is 4～6 grades), each gear speed ratio, bigger differential and gearshift procedure speed ratio is arranged is that jumping characteristic changes shortcoming, and having increased motor brings into play the power performance that powerful chance has improved automobile on the one hand; Increase the possibility of motor in the work of low fuel consumption district on the other hand, reduced the fuel consumption of automobile, improved its fuel economy performance.
Compare with belt mechanical stepless transmission (as CVT), hydraulic stepless speed-changing device (as fluid torque converter), because all transmission paries in the automatically controlled speed governing electrodeless variable-speed of the basis system all are the high gear transmissions of transmission efficiency, therefore overcome that the big transmission efficiency of belt mechanical stepless transmission (as CVT) surface friction drag is low, the low deficiency of the big transmission efficiency of hydraulic stepless speed-changing device (as fluid torque converter) churning loss, can significantly improve power character and the fuel economy of automobile.
Because system all is made of gear, simple in structure, low cost of manufacture is beneficial to popularization simultaneously.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system structural representation of the present invention (neutral state).
Fig. 2 is in lowest gear and electrodeless variable-speed status architecture schematic representation for automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is in reverse gear status architecture schematic representation for automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is automatically controlled speed governing stepless change controlling method flow chart of the present invention.
Reference character is as follows among Fig. 1-4: 1-input shaft (sun wheel shaft); 2-sun gear; The 3--planet carrier; 4-planetary pinion; 5-speed-adjustable motor; 6-coupling; 7-reduction gear; 8-gear ring; 9-reverse gear carrier gear; 10-reverse gear driven gear; 11-planet carrier outer gearing tooth; 12-output shaft; 13-number engagement grip assembly; 14-reverse driving gear; 15-No. two engagement grip assemblies; 16-No. three engagement grip assemblies.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, but do not limit the present invention.
Automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system concrete structure of the present invention as Figure 1-3.Automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system mainly comprise speed-adjustable motor 5, the reduction gear 7 that is connected with the speed-adjustable motor output shaft, with reduction gear 7 planet gear meshed mechanisms, planetary gears planet carrier 3 central shafts on the reverse gear mechanism, the output shaft 12 that is connected with the reverse gear driven gear 10 of reverse gear mechanism that arrange; Planetary gears mainly is made up of input shaft (sun wheel shaft) 1, sun gear 2, planet carrier 3, planetary pinion 4 and gear ring 8, sun gear 2 is bearing on the input shaft (sun wheel shaft) 1 by bearing, and sun wheel shaft also is that input shaft 1 is spaced apart on same straight line with planet carrier 3 central shafts; Planetary pinion 4 engagements on sun gear 2 and planet carrier 3 planet axis, planetary pinion 4 and the engagement of gear ring 8 ring gears; Planet carrier 3 central shafts are bearing in gear ring 8 center holes by bearing; Planetary gears is by gear ring 8 external toothings and reduction gear 7 engagements; Gear ring 8 is bearing on the housing of stepless speed variator system and can rotates in housing by bearing.The reduction gear axle links to each other with the output shaft of speed-adjustable motor 5 by coupling 6, and reduction gear 7 connects firmly on the reduction gear axle by key or spline.
Reverse gear driven gear 10 is bearing on the output shaft 12 by bearing, and main body is the internal gear that has ring gear, and internal gear central shaft hole left side arranges the gearshift engaging tooth of a circle outer gearing; Main body internal tooth and 9 engagements of reverse gear carrier gear, reverse gear carrier gear 9 and reverse driving gear 14 engagements; The left side of reverse gear driven gear 10 internal gear central shaft holes, (also being the enclosure interior of stepless speed variator system) arranges engagement grip assembly 13 No. one on the output shaft 12, No. one engagement grip assembly 13 is made up of engagement cover tooth hub and the engagement cover that is set on the engagement cover tooth hub, the interior engaging tooth that engagement puts meshes with the outer gearing tooth that engagement is overlapped on the tooth hub, and meshing cover can be free to slide about on the engagement cover tooth hub, with the engagement of gearshift engaging tooth or the disengaging of reverse gear driven gear 10; Engagement cover tooth hub is fixed on the output shaft 12 by key or spline.Output shaft 12 and planet carrier 3 central shafts are on same straight line, but the two has certain clearance, when the engagement cover of an engagement in the grip assembly 13 is in neutral position shown in Figure 1, when also namely meshing with the gearshift engaging tooth disengaging of reverse gear driven gear 10, planet carrier 3 is separate with output shaft 12, can freely rotate each other.
In sun gear 2 left sides, engagement grip assembly 16 is installed on the input shaft (sun wheel shaft) 1 No. three, No. three engagement grip assemblies 16 and engagement grip assembly, to mesh the grip assembly structures for No. two identical, form by engagement cover tooth hub and the engagement cover that is set on the engagement cover tooth hub, the interior engaging tooth that engagement puts meshes with the outer gearing tooth that engagement is overlapped on the tooth hub, and engagement cover tooth hub is fixed on the input shaft (sun wheel shaft) 1 by key or spline.For cooperating engagement grip assembly 16 No. three, it is the outer gearing tooth that sun gear 2 is designed to main body, and the main body left side is the less gearshift engaging tooth for outer gearing of a loop diameter; Mesh and overlap the engagement of gearshift engaging gear or the disengaging that can about engagement is overlapped on the tooth hub, be free to slide with sun gear 2.
As Figure 1-3, in the reverse gear mechanism, a reverse gear carrier gear 9 is set between reverse driving gear 14 and reverse gear driven gear 10, reverse gear carrier gear 9 meshes with reverse driving gear 14 and reverse gear driven gear 10 respectively.
Introduce the working principle of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system of the present invention below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3:
1, neutral gear
The engagement cover of No. three engagement grip assembly 16 outsides is moved to the left to position shown in Figure 1, because the engagement cover of No. three engagement grip assembly 16 outsides has broken away from the engagement with sun gear 2 gearshift engaging tooths, sun gear 2 and sun wheel shaft 1 can be separate unrestricted motion, therefore the power source power of passing to input shaft (sun wheel shaft) 1 can not rearward transmit, and enters neutral.
2, lowest gear (maximum transmission ratio)
As shown in Figure 2, simultaneously the engagement cover of No. three engagement grip assembly 16 outsides is moved right and with the engagement cover of engagement grip assembly 13 outsides to moving to left; Utilize engagement cover and the engagement of sun gear 2 gear shift engaging tooths of No. three engagement grip assembly 16 outsides, with planet pin 1(input shaft) connect firmly together with sun gear 2, utilize engagement cover and 11 engagements of planet carrier outer gearing tooth of engagement grip assembly 13 outsides, output shaft 12 and planet carrier 3 are connected firmly (see figure 2) together, and the break that utilizes speed-adjustable motor 5 to carry arrives state of rest with speed-adjustable motor 5 brakings.Since the axle of motor shaft and reduction gear 7 be utilize that coupling 6 connects firmly together, the outer gearing tooth on the gear ring 8 of reduction gear 7 and planetary gears is meshing relation, motor shaft is static not to rotate, the gear ring 8 of planetary gears is transfixion also.The power transmission line of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system is: input shaft (sun wheel shaft) 1---No. three engagement grip assemblies 16---sun gear 2---planetary pinion 4---planet carrier 3---number an engagement grip assembly 13---output shaft 12.If establishing the rotating speed of gear ring 8 is n
8, sun gear 2 rotating speed be n
2, planet carrier rotating speed be n
H, n under this state
8=0, the maximum transmission ratio of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system (claiming slowest ratio again)
Z in the formula
2, Z
8Be respectively the ring gear number of teeth (as follows) of sun gear 2 and gear ring 8, the ring gear number of teeth of adjusting sun gear 2 and gear ring 8 just can obtain required various velocity ratio.Be respectively Z if get the ring gear number of teeth of sun gear 2 and gear ring 8
2=17, Z
8=85, the maximum transmission ratio of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system then
If Z
2=17, Z
8=67, the maximum transmission ratio of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system then
The computational methods of planetary gears velocity ratio are: whole planetary gear train is rotated with the direction opposite with planet carrier moving direction and the speed identical with planet carrier, this moment, the rotating speed of planet carrier was zero, so planetary gear train just converts fixed shaft gear train to, the calculating of planetary gear train speed ratio just converts the calculating of fixed shaft gear train speed ratio to, that is:
In the formula:
---planetary gear train is converted to the speed ratio that fixed shaft gear train is switching mechanism;
Z
2, Z
4, Z
8---be respectively the ring gear number of teeth of sun gear 2, planet wheel 4 and gear ring 8;
n
2, n
H, n
8---be respectively the rotating speed of sun gear 2, planet carrier 3 and gear ring 8.
When the sense of rotation of the sense of rotation of gear ring 8 and sun gear 2 is identical,
Preceding symbol is "+"; When the direction of rotation of the sense of rotation of gear ring 8 and sun gear 2,
Preceding symbol is "-".
N is addressed in the front
8=0, formula (1) can be rewritten as:
3, stepless speed regulation
In the stepless speed regulation process, the position and aforesaid " lowest gear " the same (see figure 2) of an engagement grip assembly 13, No. two engagement grip assemblies 15, No. three engagement grip assemblies 16 in the automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system, but the braking at this state speed-adjustable motor should be removed, reduction gear 7 drives gear ring 8 and rotates under the drive of speed-adjustable motor 5, gear ring 8 rotating speeds that are this state are not equal to zero, and its gear ring 8 rotating speeds are n
8, its substitution formula (1) is got:
Because the sense of rotation of gear ring 8 and the direction of rotation of sun gear 2, so the symbol of following formula front is for negative, that is:
This formula can be rewritten as:
The velocity ratio of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system in the stepless speed regulation process
Wushu (3) substitution formula (4):
In the formula:
It namely is the automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system maximum transmission ratio of mentioning previously.If the rotating speed of gear ring 8 equates with the rotating speed of planet carrier 3, i.e. n
8=n
HThe time, the velocity ratio i of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system
2H=1; If the rotating speed of gear ring 8 is greater than the rotating speed of planet carrier 3, i.e. n
8N
HThe time, the velocity ratio i of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system then
2H＜1, namely automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system can obtain overdirve gear; If it is n that the rotating speed of gear ring 8 equals zero
8=0 o'clock, the velocity ratio of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system then
If the rotating speed of regulating speed-adjustable motor continuously by controller makes the rotation speed n of gear ring 8
8At n
8=0 to n
8N
HBetween change the velocity ratio i of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system then continuously
2HExist thereupon
To i
2HChange continuously between＜1, namely exist
And i
2HStepless speed regulation in＜1 the scope, Here it is, and automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system can be realized infinite variable speed principle.
4, reverse gear
As shown in Figure 3, with engagement grip assembly 13 in the automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system, the engagement cover of No. two engagement grip assemblies 15 moves right simultaneously to meshing with reverse gear driven gear 10 and reverse driving gear 14 gearshift engaging tooth separately, utilize the engagement cover of No. two engagement grip assembly 15 outsides and the gearshift engaging tooth engagement in reverse driving gear 14 left sides that reverse driving gear 14 and planet carrier 3 are connected firmly together, utilize the engagement cover of engagement grip assembly 13 outsides and the engagement of reverse gear driven gear 10 left sides gearshift engaging tooth that output shaft 12 and reverse gear driven gear are connected firmly (see figure 3) together, and the break that utilizes speed-adjustable motor to carry is braked state of rest with speed-adjustable motor.Since the axle of motor shaft and reduction gear 7 be utilize that coupling connects firmly together, the external tooth on the gear ring 8 of reduction gear 7 and planetary gears is meshing relation, motor shaft is static not to rotate, the gear ring 8 of planetary gears is transfixion also.The power transmission line of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system is: input shaft (sun wheel shaft) 1---No. three engagement grip assemblies 16---sun gear 2---planetary pinion 4---planet carrier 3---No. two engagement grip assemblies 15---reverse driving gear 14---reverse gear carrier gear 9---reverse gear driven gear 10---number an engagement grip assembly 13---output shaft 12.
The speed ratio i of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system reverse gear
RFor:
In the formula: i
2Hmax---automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system slowest ratio;
Z
2, Z
8, Z
10, Z
14---be respectively the number of teeth of sun gear 2, gear ring 8 ring gears, reverse gear driven gear 10 and reverse driving gear 14.
As shown in Figure 4, be the concrete control flow chart of automatically controlled speed governing stepless change controlling method of the present invention, by controlling the mobile position of three engagement grip assemblies, realize speed variator system freely switching between neutral, forward gear and reverse gear; It is characterized in that:
1) neutral gear control: as shown in Figure 1, disconnect the power supply of speed-adjustable motor 5, speed-adjustable motor is in off working state, the engagement cover of No. three engagement grip assembly 16 outsides moved to left makes it to break away from engagement with the gearshift engaging tooth in sun gear 2 left sides, this moment No. two engagements grip assemblies 15 and No. three engagement grip assemblies 16 all only with self engagement cover tooth hub engagement; Under the neutral control gear, input shaft (sun wheel shaft) 1 dallies at the sun gear center;
2) forward gears comprises lowest gear and stepless time adjustment shelves, as shown in Figure 2, in this gear control, No. two engagement grip assembly 15 only overlaps the engagement of tooth hub with the engagement of self, the engagement cover of No. three engagement grip assembly 16 outsides moved to right makes it gearshift engaging tooth engagement with sun gear 2 left sides, and the engagement cover that is moved to the left engagement grip assembly 13 outsides makes it and 11 engagements of planet carrier outer gearing tooth; Utilizing electric machine controller that speed-adjustable motor 5 is placed braking state also is lowest gear, this moment automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system the velocity ratio maximum, its numerical value is
Remove the braking of speed-adjustable motor 5, utilize electric machine controller to regulate the rotating speed of speed-adjustable motor, the velocity ratio of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system is stepless variation thereupon, namely enters stepless speed regulation shelves state.
3) reverse gear: as shown in Figure 3, the engagement cover of second and engagement grip assembly 15 and 13 outsides of moving right simultaneously makes it respectively and reverse driving gear 14 and the reverse gear driven gear 10 gearshift engaging tooth engagement in left side separately, at this moment, mesh the gearshift engaging tooth engagement of grip assembly 16 and sun gear 2 for No. three; Utilize electric machine controller that speed-adjustable motor 5 is placed braking state and enters reverse gear.
Claims (3)
1. automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system, mainly comprise speed-adjustable motor, the reduction gear that is connected with the speed-adjustable motor output shaft, with reduction gear planet gear meshed mechanism, planetary gears planet carrier central shaft on the reverse gear mechanism, the output shaft that is connected with the reverse gear driven gear of reverse gear mechanism that arrange, and three engagement grip assemblies that are used for switching gear;
It is characterized in that: planetary gears mainly is made up of sun wheel shaft, sun gear, planet carrier, planetary pinion and gear ring, sun gear is bearing on the sun wheel shaft by bearing, and sun wheel shaft also is that input shaft and planet carrier central shaft are spaced apart on same straight line; Planetary pinion engagement on sun gear and the planet carrier planet axis, planetary pinion and the engagement of gear ring ring gear; The planet carrier central shaft is bearing in the gear ring center hole by bearing; Planetary gears is by gear ring external toothing and reduction gear engagement; Gear ring is bearing on the housing of stepless speed variator system by bearing; Reduction gear links to each other with the output shaft of speed-adjustable motor;
In the reverse gear mechanism, the reverse gear driven gear is bearing on the output shaft by bearing, and main body is the internal gear that has ring gear, and internal gear central shaft hole left side arranges the gearshift engaging tooth of a circle outer gearing; The main body internal gear is by a reverse gear carrier gear and reverse driving gear engagement; The engagement grip assembly is set on the left side of reverse gear driven gear internal gear central shaft hole, the output shaft No. one, No. one the engagement grip assembly is made up of engagement cover tooth hub and the engagement cover that is set on the engagement cover tooth hub, the interior engaging tooth that engagement puts meshes with the outer gearing tooth that engagement is overlapped on the tooth hub, and meshing cover can be free to slide about on the engagement cover tooth hub, with the engagement of gearshift engaging tooth or the disengaging of reverse gear driven gear; Engagement cover tooth hub is fixed on the output shaft; Output shaft and planet carrier central shaft gap on same straight line arranges, when the engagement cover in engagement grip assembly with the hub engagement of engagement cover tooth and when breaking away from the gearshift engaging tooth of reverse gear driven gear, planet carrier and output shaft are separate;
The rear end that the planet carrier central shaft passes behind the gear ring center hole is equipped with engagement grip assembly, reverse driving gear and planet carrier outer gearing tooth successively No. two; Reverse driving gear is bearing on the planet carrier central shaft by bearing, and main body is external gear pump, and the main body left side is the gearshift engaging tooth of a circle outer gearing; Reverse driving gear is bearing on the planet carrier central shaft by bearing, meshes between grip assembly and the planet carrier outer gearing tooth at No. two; No. two engagement grip assemblies are by the engagement at middle part cover tooth hub and be set in outside engagement and overlap two parts and forms, and engagement is overlapped the tooth hub and is fixed on the planet carrier central shaft; Mesh the interior engaging tooth that puts and the outer gearing tooth engagement of meshing on the cover tooth hub, and mesh cover and can mesh the engagement of gearshift engaging gear or the disengaging that freely horizontally slip on the cover tooth hub with reverse driving gear; Planet carrier outer gearing tooth connects firmly at planet carrier center the tip of the axis, when moving freely about the engagement cover of an engagement grip assembly, can break away from or engagement with planet carrier outer gearing tooth;
In the sun gear left side, the engagement grip assembly is installed on the sun wheel shaft No. three, No. three the engagement grip assembly is made up of engagement cover tooth hub and the engagement cover that is set on the engagement cover tooth hub, the outer gearing tooth engagement on the interior engaging tooth that engagement puts and the engagement cover tooth hub, and engagement is overlapped the tooth hub and is fixed on the sun wheel shaft; The sun gear main body is the outer gearing tooth, and the main body left side is the less gearshift engaging tooth for outer gearing of a loop diameter; Mesh and overlap the engagement of gearshift engaging gear or the disengaging that can about engagement is overlapped on the tooth hub, be free to slide with sun gear.
2. stepless speed variator system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the structures of three engagement grip assemblies are identical, and the cover of engagement separately tooth hub is fixed on the corresponding axis by key or spline.
3. a shifting control method that adopts claim 1 or 2 described speed variator systems by controlling the mobile position of three engagement grip assemblies, is realized speed variator system freely switching between neutral, forward gear and reverse gear; It is characterized in that:
1) neutral gear control: the power supply that disconnects speed-adjustable motor, speed-adjustable motor place and off working state, the engagement cover of No. three engagement grip assembly outsides moved to left makes it to break away from engagement with the gearshift engaging tooth in sun gear left side, this moment No. two engagements grip assemblies and No. three engagement grip assemblies all only with self engagement cover tooth hub engagement; Under the neutral control gear, input shaft or sun wheel shaft dally at the sun gear center;
2) forward gears comprises lowest gear and stepless time adjustment shelves: the engagement cover of No. three engagement grip assembly outsides is moved to right makes it gearshift engaging tooth engagement with the sun gear left side, and the engagement cover that is moved to the left an engagement grip assembly outside makes it to mesh with planet carrier outer gearing tooth; Utilizing electric machine controller that speed-adjustable motor is placed braking state also is lowest gear, at this moment the velocity ratio maximum of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system; Remove the braking of speed-adjustable motor, utilize electric machine controller to regulate the rotating speed of speed-adjustable motor, the velocity ratio of automatically controlled speed governing stepless speed variator system is stepless variation thereupon, namely enters the stepless speed regulation state; In this gear control, No. two the engagement grip assembly only overlaps the engagement of tooth hub with the engagement of self;
3) reverse gear: move right simultaneously and mesh the engagement cover of grip assembly and an engagement grip assembly outside for No. two, make each mesh cover and mesh with the gearshift engaging tooth that meshes cover right side next-door neighbour separately respectively, utilize electric machine controller that speed-adjustable motor is placed braking state; At this moment, mesh the gearshift engaging tooth engagement of grip assembly and sun gear for No. three.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105202125A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-30 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Six-gear manual transmission of vehicle |
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| CN112253702A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-01-22 | 张欣 | Stepless speed change mechanism |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105202125A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-30 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Six-gear manual transmission of vehicle |
| CN109296715A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-02-01 | 怀化沃普环保科技有限公司 | Planetary gear multi-way electronic speed regulation mechanism |
| CN109296715B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2022-07-26 | 晟盟(芦台)电机制造有限公司 | Multi-path electronic speed regulating mechanism for planetary gear |
| JP2022503343A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2022-01-12 | 耀華 何 | All-gear stepless automatic transmission and rotation ratio active control system |
| WO2021046942A1 (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-03-18 | 何耀华 | All-gear stepless automatic transmission and speed ratio active control system |
| US11060588B2 (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2021-07-13 | Yaohua He | All-gear continuously variable automatic transmission and speed ratio active control system |
| EP3819521A4 (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-08-18 | HE, Yaohua | All-gear stepless automatic transmission and speed ratio active control system |
| CN110617312B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-08-31 | 何耀华 | All-gear stepless automatic speed change and speed ratio active control system |
| CN110617312A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-27 | 何耀华 | All-gear stepless automatic speed change and speed ratio active control system |
| JP7250815B2 (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2023-04-03 | 耀華 何 | Gear type stepless automatic transmission and rotation ratio active control system |
| CN112253702A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-01-22 | 张欣 | Stepless speed change mechanism |
| CN113417977A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-21 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Gearbox structure of reversing gear |
| CN113417977B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-23 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Gearbox structure of reversing gear |
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