CN113416102A - Anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113416102A
CN113416102A CN202110809388.XA CN202110809388A CN113416102A CN 113416102 A CN113416102 A CN 113416102A CN 202110809388 A CN202110809388 A CN 202110809388A CN 113416102 A CN113416102 A CN 113416102A
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parts
fermentation liquor
bacterial liquid
peanuts
fermentation
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冯良山
杨宁
赵凤艳
门阅
王耀生
李颖
李婷婷
娄义晟
孙翔龙
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Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of peanut planting, in particular to anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid and a preparation method and application thereof. The continuous cropping resistant bacterial liquid comprises 3-5 parts of bacillus megatherium fermentation liquid and 5-7 parts of penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquid; 5-7 parts of trichoderma viride fermentation liquor, 3-5 parts of pseudomonas fragrans fermentation liquor, 40-50 parts of glucose solution with the concentration of 5-7% and 10-20 parts of lysine hydrochloride. When the anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid is used for preventing obstacles caused by continuous cropping of peanuts, diseases caused by continuous cropping can be obviously reduced, the yield of the peanuts is increased, and the content of total sugar in the peanuts can be improved.

Description

Anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of peanut planting, in particular to anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Peanuts belong to leguminous crops, have a certain rule for absorbing various nutrient contents in soil, and particularly contain some trace elements. The peanuts can fix nitrogen elements in the air by themselves, and if continuous cropping is carried out, the original balance state in soil can be broken, the nutrients in the soil are disordered, fertilizers such as phosphorus, potassium and the like required by the growth and development of the peanuts are obviously reduced, the growth requirements of the fertilizers cannot be met, roots cannot be well developed, the number of blossoms and fruits is reduced, the probability of occurrence of leaf spot diseases, bacterial wilt and the like is improved, and the yield of the peanuts is reduced finally.
The prevention and control measures for peanut continuous cropping in the prior art mainly comprise the following steps: selecting a variety with high resistance to continuous cropping obstacles; reasonably deeply ploughing and preparing land; performing reasonable rotation, intercropping and relay intercropping; and the prevention and treatment of the biological agents emerging in the prior art. The prevention and control measures in the prior art can achieve certain effects, but the effects do not reach ideal states, for example, the yield is not greatly improved, and the pest prevention and control effect is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the continuous cropping resistant bacterial liquid which can obviously improve the yield reduction and the disease increase caused by continuous cropping of peanuts.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides an anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, 5-7 parts of penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquor, 5-7 parts of trichoderma viride fermentation liquor, 3-5 parts of pseudomonas fragrans fermentation liquor, 50-60 parts of glucose solution with the concentration of 5-7% and 10-20 parts of lysine hydrochloride.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 4 parts of bacillus megatherium fermentation liquor and 6 parts of penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquor; 6 parts of trichoderma viride fermentation liquor, 6 parts of pseudomonas fragrans fermentation liquor, 55 parts of 5-7% glucose solution and 15 parts of lysine hydrochloride.
Preferably, in Bacillus megaterium fermentation brothsThe number of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 1 × 108CFU/g; the number of viable bacteria in the Penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 106CFU/g; the viable count in the fermentation liquor of the trichoderma viride is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 106CFU/g; the viable count of the Raspberry pseudomonas fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 108CFU/g。
Preferably, the bacillus megaterium fermentation broth, the penicillium funiculosum fermentation broth, the trichoderma viride fermentation broth and the pseudomonas fragi fermentation broth are obtained by centrifuging and taking supernatant.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the bacterial liquid, which comprises the following steps: mixing the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, the penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquor, the trichoderma viride fermentation liquor and the pseudomonas fragi fermentation liquor with the glucose solution and the lysine hydrochloride.
The invention also provides application of the bacterial liquid in prevention and control of obstacles caused by continuous cropping of peanuts.
Preferably, the disorder is a decrease in yield and/or an increase in disease.
Preferably, the use method of the bacterial liquid in preventing and controlling yield reduction and/or disease increase caused by continuous cropping of peanuts comprises the following steps:
(1) before planting peanuts, mixing the bacterial liquid with an organic fertilizer for use;
(2) and spraying the bacterial liquid to peanut plants for use in the flowering phase of peanuts.
Preferably, the using amount of the bacterial liquid before peanut planting is 32-50L/mu;
the using amount of the bacterial liquid in the peanut flowering phase is 15-20L/mu.
The invention provides an anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid and a preparation method and application thereof, and the anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid has the following advantages:
(1) the yield reduction and the disease increase caused by continuous cropping of the peanuts can be prevented and controlled;
(2) the total sugar content in the peanuts can be improved;
(3) can inhibit the disease of the peanuts.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, preferably 4 parts;
5-7 parts of penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquor, preferably 6 parts;
5-7 parts of trichoderma viride fermentation liquor, preferably 6 parts;
3-5 parts of a pseudomonas fragrans fermentation liquid, preferably 4 parts;
50-60 parts of 5-7% glucose solution, preferably 55 parts of 6% glucose solution;
10-20 parts of lysine hydrochloride, preferably 15 parts.
In the invention, the number of viable bacteria in the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 108CFU/g; the number of viable bacteria in the Penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 106CFU/g; the viable count in the fermentation liquor of the trichoderma viride is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 106CFU/g; the viable count of the Raspberry pseudomonas fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 108CFU/g。
In the invention, the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquid, the penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquid, the trichoderma viride fermentation liquid and the pseudomonas fragi fermentation liquid are centrifuged, and the fermentation liquid is obtained after taking the supernatant.
In the present invention, Bacillus megaterium, Penicillium funiculosum, Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fragi are all commercially available.
The rotating speed of the centrifugal separator is 10000-12000 rpm, and is preferably 11000 rpm.
The time for centrifugation is 15-25 min, preferably 20 min.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the bacterial liquid, which comprises the following steps: mixing the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, the penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquor, the trichoderma viride fermentation liquor and the pseudomonas fragi fermentation liquor with the glucose solution and the lysine hydrochloride.
The invention also provides application of the bacterial liquid in prevention and control of obstacles caused by continuous cropping of peanuts.
In the present invention, the obstacle is a decrease in yield and/or an increase in disease.
In the invention, the use method of the bacterial liquid in prevention and control of yield reduction and/or disease increase caused by continuous cropping of peanuts comprises the following steps:
(1) before planting peanuts, mixing the bacterial liquid with an organic fertilizer for use;
(2) and spraying the bacterial liquid to peanut plants for use in the flowering phase of peanuts.
In the invention, the using amount of the bacterial liquid before peanut planting is 32-50L/mu, preferably 38-44L/mu, and further preferably 41L/mu;
the using amount of the bacterial liquid in the peanut flowering phase is 15-20L/mu, preferably 17-18L/mu, and further preferably 17.5L/mu.
The inventive example and the comparative example were carried out in the national agricultural environment Fuxin Observation experiment station base.
The viable count of the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor contained in the continuous cropping resistant bacterial liquid of the embodiment of the invention is 3.4 multiplied by 109CFU/g, viable count in Penicillium funiculosum fermentation broth of 2.7 × 107CFU/g, viable count in Trichoderma viride fermentation broth is 5.3 × 107CFU/g, viable count in Raspberry Pseudomonas fragi fermentation broth is 5.1 × 109CFU/g。
The area of the planting field of each example and comparative example of the present invention was 3 acres.
The distance between the inventive example and the comparative example was 0.1 mu of land to prevent the spread of disease.
The crops on the upper crops of the planting fields of the embodiment and the comparative example are corns.
The peanut variety planted in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention is white sand 1016.
The fertilizer special for peanuts applied in the embodiment and the comparative example of the invention is purchased from the fruit of Formosan crops protection Co.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
And 4, 2018, 4, and 20 days, mixing 96L of continuous cropping resistant bacterial liquid with 240kg of dry pig manure, and applying the mixture into a planting field. Then applying the special fertilizer for the peanuts according to the amount of 30 kg/mu. And then carrying out soil preparation treatment on the planting field.
And in 2018, 5 months and 1 day, sowing peanuts at a ridge distance of 50cm and a hole distance of 14cm, and sowing 9500 holes of peanuts per mu.
And (3) spraying anti-continuous cropping bacteria liquid in an amount of 20L/mu during the peanut flowering period.
And managing the rest steps according to a conventional method, and recording the actual seedling number of the peanuts.
Harvesting peanuts in 2018 in 9 and 20 months, and recording the pod yield of the peanuts; recording the number of peanut plants with leaf spot, bacterial wilt and stem rot in the whole growth process, and calculating the peanut disease rate; and (4) measuring the content of total sugar in the peanut kernels. The results are shown in Table 1.
Planting peanuts in 2019 and 2020 according to the planting method, and recording the actual seedling emergence number of the peanuts; pod yield of peanuts; the number of peanut plants with leaf spot, bacterial wilt and stem rot appears in the whole growth process, and the peanut disease rate is calculated; and (4) measuring the content of total sugar in the peanut kernels. The results are shown in Table 1.
The preparation method of the continuous cropping resistant bacterial liquid in the embodiment 1 of the invention comprises the following steps:
and 3.5L of bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, 6.5L of penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquor, 7.5L of trichoderma viride fermentation liquor and 3.5L of pseudomonas fragrans fermentation liquor which are subjected to centrifugation and bacterial sludge removal are mixed with 54L of glucose solution with the concentration of 5% and 21L of lysine hydrochloride to obtain the microbial inoculum.
And the disease change rate is (the number of the peanut plants with leaf spot disease, the number of the peanut plants with bacterial wilt and the number of the peanut plants with stem rot)/the actual seedling number of the peanuts.
And in the calculation of the lesion rate, if two or more lesions appear in one peanut, calculating according to the earliest lesion.
Example 2
And 4, 2018, 4, and 20 days, mixing 120L of continuous cropping resistant bacterial liquid with 270kg of dry sheep manure, and applying the mixture into a planting field. Then applying the special fertilizer for the peanuts according to the amount of 26 kg/mu. And then carrying out soil preparation treatment on the planting field.
And in 2018, 5 months and 1 day, sowing peanuts at a ridge distance of 50cm and a hole distance of 15cm, and sowing 8900 holes of peanuts per mu.
And (3) spraying anti-continuous cropping bacteria liquid in an amount of 18L/mu during the peanut flowering period.
And managing the rest steps according to a conventional method, and recording the actual seedling number of the peanuts.
Harvesting peanuts in 2018 in 9 and 20 months, and recording the pod yield of the peanuts; recording the number of peanut plants with leaf spot, bacterial wilt and stem rot in the whole growth process, and calculating the peanut disease rate; and (4) measuring the content of total sugar in the peanut kernels. The results are shown in Table 1.
Planting peanuts in 2019 and 2020 according to the planting method, and recording the actual seedling emergence number of the peanuts; pod yield of peanuts; the number of peanut plants with leaf spot, bacterial wilt and stem rot appears in the whole growth process, and the peanut disease rate is calculated; and (4) measuring the content of total sugar in the peanut kernels. The results are shown in Table 1.
The preparation method of the continuous cropping resistant bacterial liquid in the embodiment 2 of the invention comprises the following steps:
and mixing 5.5L of bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, 6.5L of penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquor, 8L of trichoderma viride fermentation liquor and 5.5L of pseudomonas fragi fermentation liquor which are subjected to centrifugation and bacterial sludge removal with 80L of glucose solution with the concentration of 6% and 15L of lysine hydrochloride to obtain the microbial inoculum.
And the disease change rate is (the number of the peanut plants with leaf spot disease, the number of the peanut plants with bacterial wilt and the number of the peanut plants with stem rot)/the actual seedling number of the peanuts.
And in the calculation of the lesion rate, if two or more lesions appear in one peanut, calculating according to the earliest lesion.
Example 3
And in 2018, 4 and 20 days, 150L of continuous cropping resistant bacterial liquid and 300kg of dried chicken manure are mixed and applied to a planting field. Then applying the special fertilizer for the peanuts according to the amount of 25 kg/mu. And then carrying out soil preparation treatment on the planting field.
And in 2018, 5 months and 1 day, sowing peanuts at a ridge distance of 50cm and a hole distance of 15cm, and sowing 8900 holes of peanuts per mu.
And (3) spraying anti-continuous cropping bacteria liquid according to the amount of 15L/mu during the peanut flowering period.
And managing the rest steps according to a conventional method, and recording the actual seedling number of the peanuts.
Harvesting peanuts in 2018 in 9 and 20 months, and recording the pod yield of the peanuts; recording the number of peanut plants with leaf spot, bacterial wilt and stem rot in the whole growth process, and calculating the peanut disease rate; and (4) measuring the content of total sugar in the peanut kernels. The results are shown in Table 1.
Planting peanuts in 2019 and 2020 according to the planting method, and recording the actual seedling emergence number of the peanuts; pod yield of peanuts; the number of peanut plants with leaf spot, bacterial wilt and stem rot appears in the whole growth process, and the peanut disease rate is calculated; and (4) measuring the content of total sugar in the peanut kernels. The results are shown in Table 1.
The preparation method of the continuous cropping resistant bacterial liquid in the embodiment 3 of the invention comprises the following steps:
and mixing 8L of bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, 11L of penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquor, 8L of trichoderma viride fermentation liquor and 8L of pseudomonas fragi fermentation liquor which are subjected to centrifugation and bacterial sludge removal with 90L of 7% glucose solution and 25L of lysine hydrochloride to obtain the microbial inoculum.
And the disease change rate is (the number of the peanut plants with leaf spot disease, the number of the peanut plants with bacterial wilt and the number of the peanut plants with stem rot)/the actual seedling number of the peanuts.
And in the calculation of the lesion rate, if two or more lesions appear in one peanut, calculating according to the earliest lesion.
Comparative example 1
The scheme of the comparative example 1 is set according to the method of the example 1, and is different from the example 1 in that the comparative example does not apply any continuous cropping-resistant bacterial liquid, is continuously planted for 3 years, and the pod yield of peanuts is recorded; the number of peanut plants with leaf spot, bacterial wilt and stem rot appears in the whole growth process, and the peanut disease rate is calculated; and (4) measuring the content of total sugar in the peanut kernels. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of different planting methods on peanuts
Figure BDA0003167667600000061
Figure BDA0003167667600000071
Table 1 shows that, after the application of the anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid, the yield of peanuts is significantly increased compared with the yield of peanuts without the anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid, and particularly is higher than the yield after the peanuts are planted in 2019 and 2020. It can be seen from comparative example 1 that the disease is more serious than one year without using the continuous cropping resistant bacterial liquid, which seriously affects the yield of crops, while the examples 1 to 3 using the continuous cropping resistant bacterial liquid have no influence and can also improve the content of total sugar in peanut kernels.
The above embodiments show that the invention provides an anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid, a preparation method and an application thereof, and the anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid has the following advantages:
(1) the yield reduction and the disease increase caused by continuous cropping of the peanuts can be prevented and controlled;
(2) the total sugar content in the peanuts can be improved;
(3) can inhibit the disease of the peanuts.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The anti-continuous cropping bacterial liquid is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, 5-7 parts of penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquor, 5-7 parts of trichoderma viride fermentation liquor, 3-5 parts of pseudomonas fragrans fermentation liquor, 50-60 parts of glucose solution with the concentration of 5-7% and 10-20 parts of lysine hydrochloride.
2. The bacterial liquid according to claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 4 parts of bacillus megatherium fermentation liquor and 6 parts of penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquor; 6 parts of trichoderma viride fermentation liquor, 6 parts of pseudomonas fragrans fermentation liquor, 55 parts of 5-7% glucose solution and 15 parts of lysine hydrochloride.
3. The bacterial suspension of claim 1 or 2, wherein megakarya is used as a feed additiveThe number of viable bacteria in the Bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 1 × 108CFU/g; the number of viable bacteria in the Penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 106CFU/g; the viable count in the fermentation liquor of the trichoderma viride is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 106CFU/g; the viable count of the Raspberry pseudomonas fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 108CFU/g。
4. The bacterial liquid of claim 3, wherein the Bacillus megaterium fermentation liquid, the Penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquid, the Trichoderma viride fermentation liquid and the Pseudomonas fragi fermentation liquid are centrifuged, and the supernatant is collected to obtain the fermentation liquid.
5. The method for preparing a bacterial liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: mixing the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor, the penicillium funiculosum fermentation liquor, the trichoderma viride fermentation liquor and the pseudomonas fragi fermentation liquor with the glucose solution and the lysine hydrochloride.
6. The use of the bacterial liquid of any one of claims 1 to 4 for preventing and controlling obstacles caused by continuous cropping of peanuts.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that the obstacle is a reduction in yield and/or an increase in disease.
8. The application of the bacterial liquid as claimed in claim 7, wherein the application method of the bacterial liquid in prevention and control of yield reduction and/or disease increase caused by continuous cropping of peanuts comprises the following steps:
(1) before planting peanuts, mixing the bacterial liquid with an organic fertilizer for use;
(2) and spraying the bacterial liquid to peanut plants for use in the flowering phase of peanuts.
9. The application of the peanut cultivation medium as claimed in claim 8, wherein the amount of the bacterial liquid before peanut planting is 32-50L/mu;
the using amount of the bacterial liquid in the peanut flowering phase is 15-20L/mu.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103819267A (en) * 2014-02-07 2014-05-28 湖南泰谷生物科技股份有限公司 Bacterial manure for peanut planting and preparation method of bacterial manure
CN103848702A (en) * 2014-01-14 2014-06-11 淅川县绿新生物科技有限公司 Fertilizer for peanuts
CN110699286A (en) * 2019-10-28 2020-01-17 湖南农业大学 Microbial agent for relieving potato continuous cropping obstacle and preparation method and application thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103848702A (en) * 2014-01-14 2014-06-11 淅川县绿新生物科技有限公司 Fertilizer for peanuts
CN103819267A (en) * 2014-02-07 2014-05-28 湖南泰谷生物科技股份有限公司 Bacterial manure for peanut planting and preparation method of bacterial manure
CN110699286A (en) * 2019-10-28 2020-01-17 湖南农业大学 Microbial agent for relieving potato continuous cropping obstacle and preparation method and application thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
颜艳伟等: "连作花生田根际土壤优势微生物的分离和鉴定", 《微生物学报》 *

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