CN113414641A - Automatic production line and production process of aluminum alloy battery box - Google Patents

Automatic production line and production process of aluminum alloy battery box Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113414641A
CN113414641A CN202110807257.8A CN202110807257A CN113414641A CN 113414641 A CN113414641 A CN 113414641A CN 202110807257 A CN202110807257 A CN 202110807257A CN 113414641 A CN113414641 A CN 113414641A
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station
welding
detection
repair
workpiece
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CN113414641B (en
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邓永斌
白治锦
马兴彧
冯凯烨
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SICHUAN BMT ITI WELDING EQUIPMENT & ENGINEERING CO LTD
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SICHUAN BMT ITI WELDING EQUIPMENT & ENGINEERING CO LTD
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q41/00Combinations or associations of metal-working machines not directed to a particular result according to classes B21, B23, or B24
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/346Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
    • B23K26/348Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q41/00Combinations or associations of metal-working machines not directed to a particular result according to classes B21, B23, or B24
    • B23Q41/02Features relating to transfer of work between machines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic production line of an aluminum alloy battery box, which comprises a first welding detection system, a first CNC welding seam milling station, a pre-cleaning station, a second welding detection system, a second CNC welding seam milling station, a press riveting station, a first repair station, an air tightness detection station, a full-size detection station and a finished product workpiece processing system which are connected in sequence, wherein all the stations and the systems are electrically connected with a control center, the control center is also electrically connected with a conveying system for conveying the aluminum alloy battery box, the first welding detection system is connected with an external repair system, a first repair line is arranged between the finished product workpiece processing system and the first repair station, and a second repair line is arranged between the first repair station and the air tightness detection station. The production line has compact structure and small number of robots, not only reduces the manufacturing cost of the production line, but also increases the qualification rate of the produced workpieces.

Description

Automatic production line and production process of aluminum alloy battery box
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery production, in particular to an automatic production line and a production process of an aluminum alloy battery box.
Background
The aluminum alloy battery box is a workpiece with larger volume and complex structure, the workpiece is manufactured by welding, the traditional welding adopts manual welding, along with the development of the society, the automation technology is more and more advanced, the defects of the manual welding are slowly exposed, for example, the welding efficiency is low during mass production, the labor cost is increased, and the size precision of part of the workpiece can not meet the requirement. Because the structure of aluminum alloy battery case is complicated, the part that needs the welding is many, the quality requirement of product is very high, consequently, on the production line, production facility overall arrangement is improper can lead to the low yield of finished product, still can lead to the cost to increase because of extra equipment simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an automatic production line and a production process of an aluminum alloy battery box.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
automatic production line of aluminum alloy battery case mills station, prewashing station, second welding detecting system, second CNC welding seam that connect in order and mills station, rivet station, first repair station, gas tightness detection station, full-size detection station and finished product work piece processing system including the first welding detecting system, first CNC welding seam that connect in order, all stations and systems all are connected with the control center electricity, control center still with be used for carrying the conveying system electricity of aluminum alloy battery case is connected, first welding detecting system links to each other with external repair system, finished product work piece processing system with be provided with first repair line between the first repair station, first repair station with be provided with the second repair line between the gas tightness detection station.
Further, the first welding detection system comprises a pre-detection station, a first CMT welding seam detection station, a second CMT welding station, a cooling sampling inspection station and a second CMT welding seam detection station which are connected in sequence, the first CMT welding seam detection station is connected with a second repair station in the repair system, and the second CMT welding seam detection station is connected with a third repair station in the repair system.
Further, the second welding detection system comprises a laser welding station, a laser repair welding station, a cooling buffer station, a third CMT welding seam detection station and a laser welding seam detection station which are connected in sequence, wherein the input end of the laser welding station is connected with the pre-cleaning station, and the output end of the laser welding seam detection station is connected with the second CNC welding seam milling station.
Further, finished product work piece processing system washs the station and inspects the packing station including the laser marking station, finished product that connect in order, the input of laser marking station with the output that full-scale detected the station links to each other, it passes through to inspect the packing station the second reprocess the line with first reprocess the station and link to each other, full-scale detects and is connected with down the production line and reprocesses the mouth on the station.
Further, the conveying system comprises a first conveying track, a second conveying track, a third conveying track, a fourth conveying track, a fifth conveying track, a sixth conveying track and a seventh conveying track, a first transfer platform is arranged between the output end of the first conveying track and the input end of the second conveying track, a second transfer platform is arranged between the output end of the second conveying track and the input end of the third conveying track, a third transfer platform is arranged between the output end of the third conveying track and the input end of the fourth conveying track, a fourth transfer platform is arranged between the output end of the sixth conveying track and the input end of the seventh conveying track, the output end of the fourth conveying track and the input end of the sixth conveying track are connected through the fifth conveying track, and the first CMT weld detection station is arranged at the first CMT welding station, Between the pre-detection station and the input end of the first conveying track.
Further, the first conveying track, the second conveying track, the third conveying track, the fourth conveying track, the fifth conveying track, the sixth conveying track and the seventh conveying track are all linear conveying tracks, all the linear conveying tracks form a linear conveying line, the first transfer table and the first CMT welding line detection station are matched with a first sliding robot arranged on the first conveying track, the first transfer table and the second transfer table are matched with a second sliding robot arranged on the second conveying track, the second transfer table and the third transfer table are matched with a third sliding robot arranged on the third conveying track, a fourth sliding robot matched with the third transfer table is arranged on the fourth conveying track, a fifth sliding robot is arranged on the fifth conveying track, and a sixth sliding robot is arranged on the sixth conveying track, and a seventh sliding robot is arranged on the seventh conveying track, the sixth sliding robot and the seventh sliding robot are matched with the fourth transfer table, a fourth fixed robot is arranged between the pre-detection station and the first CMT welding line detection station, and the pre-detection station and the first CMT welding line detection station are matched with the fourth fixed robot.
Furthermore, a first equipment installation line and a second equipment installation line are respectively arranged on two sides of the linear conveying line;
the first equipment installation line is sequentially provided with a pre-detection station (36), a first CMT welding line detection station, a first CMT welding station, a second CMT welding line detection station, a pre-cleaning station, a laser repair welding station, a cooling buffer storage station, a laser welding line detection station, a pressure riveting station, a first repair station, an off-line repair port, a laser marking station and the inspection packaging station from the head to the tail of the linear conveying line;
the second equipment installation line is sequentially provided with a second repair station, a second CMT welding station, a cooling sampling inspection station, a third repair station, a first CNC welding line milling station, a laser welding station, a third CMT welding line detection station, a second CNC welding line milling station, an air tightness detection station, a full-size detection station and a finished product cleaning station from the head to the tail of the linear conveying line, wherein the third CMT welding station is arranged close to the third CMT welding line detection station;
wherein, first CMT welding station with second CMT welding station all with first sliding robot cooperation, second CMT welding seam detects station, cooling selective examination station and third repair station all with second sliding robot cooperation, wash the station in advance with first CNC welding seam mills station that disappears all with third sliding robot cooperation, laser welding station, cooling buffer memory station and laser repair welding station all with fourth sliding robot cooperation, cooling buffer memory station, laser welding seam detect station, press and rivet station, second CNC welding seam mills station that disappears and third CMT welding seam detects the station all with fifth sliding robot cooperation, first repair station, press and rivet station and gas tightness detect station all with sixth sliding robot cooperation, off-line repair mouth, laser marking station, inspection packing station, And the full-size detection station and the finished product cleaning station are matched with the seventh sliding robot.
Further, the third CMT welding station is arranged between the third CMT welding seam detection station and the laser welding station, and the third CMT welding station is matched with the fifth sliding robot; or the third CMT welding seam detection station is arranged between the third CMT welding station and the fifth conveying track, the third CMT welding station is arranged far away from the side of the fifth conveying track, a second fixed robot is arranged between the third CMT welding seam detection station and the third CMT welding station, and the third CMT welding seam detection station and the third CMT welding station are matched with the second fixed robot.
Further, the following steps: first CNC welding seam mill disappear the station with be provided with reinforced station between the laser welding station, reinforced station with be provided with the centering table between the laser welding station, the centering table with be provided with the fixed robot of third between the laser welding station, reinforced station with be provided with first fixed robot between the centering table, the centering table with the laser welding station all with the cooperation of the fixed robot of third, reinforced station with the centering table all with first fixed robot.
The production process of the aluminum alloy battery box comprises the following steps:
s1: placing a workpiece to be welded on the pre-detection station for detection, placing the workpiece on the first CMT welding station for first welding when the workpiece is qualified, and returning when the workpiece is unqualified;
s2: the workpiece which is subjected to the step S1 is placed on the first CMT welding seam detection station to detect the welding seam welded for the first time, the workpiece is placed on the second CMT welding station to be welded for the second time after being detected to be qualified, the workpiece enters the second repair station to be repaired after being detected to be unqualified, and the workpiece returns to the first CMT welding seam detection station to be detected again after being repaired;
s3: conveying the workpiece which is subjected to the step S2 to the cooling spot check station, placing the workpiece on the second CMT welding seam detection station for detection after the cooling spot check station is cooled, placing the workpiece on the first CNC welding seam milling and eliminating station for milling and eliminating operation after the detection is qualified, entering the third repair station for repair after the detection is unqualified, and returning the workpiece to the second CMT welding seam detection station for re-detection after the repair;
s4: the workpiece which is subjected to the step S3 enters the pre-cleaning station to be cleaned for the first time, enters the laser welding station to be welded for the third time after being cleaned, and then enters the laser repair welding station to perform repair welding on the position which cannot be welded by the laser welding station;
s5: the workpiece which is finished with the step S4 enters the cooling cache station for cooling, the cooled workpiece enters the third CMT welding station for comprehensive repair welding, then sequentially passes through the third CMT welding seam detection station and the laser welding seam detection station for detection, and finally enters the second CNC welding seam milling and eliminating station for second milling and eliminating operation;
s6: the workpiece which is subjected to the step S5 enters the press riveting station for press riveting;
s7: the workpiece which finishes the step S5 enters the first repair station to carry out comprehensive repair operation;
s8: the workpiece which is finished with the step S7 enters the air tightness detection station to carry out air tightness test on the workpiece;
s9: the workpiece which is subjected to the step S8 enters the full-size detection station for size detection, the workpiece which is unqualified in detection enters the off-line repair port for transportation and repair, the workpiece which is qualified in detection enters the laser marking station for marking operation, and then the workpiece enters the finished product cleaning station for final cleaning;
s10: and (4) the workpiece which is finished with the step S9 enters the inspection packaging station, the qualified finished product is output after inspection, and the unqualified finished product is returned to the step S7 for recycling.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) on this production line, the work piece adopts the multistation welding for welded procedure is simplified like this, can also let the welding of same work piece distribute on a plurality of stations according to time, makes the welding go on smoothly, still conveniently adds the part that needs the welding in welding process simultaneously.
2) On this production line, the welding of work piece adopts the mode that CMT welding and laser welding combined together to weld, can prevent like this that the work piece from being damaged when the welding, makes welded effect better simultaneously to welded qualification rate has been guaranteed.
3) On this production line, the work piece has all detected after welding at every turn, has effectually prevented that unqualified product from directly having entered into next process, prevents follow-up because of directly making unqualified product and lead to energy loss and cost increase.
4) On this production line, be provided with a plurality of sliding robot, every sliding robot can slide on transfer orbit, consequently every sliding robot can compromise a plurality of stations to reduce arranging quantity of robot, the effectual manufacturing cost who reduces the production line.
5) On this production line, conveying system is a straight line and arranges, and such arrangement mode makes the structure of production line compacter, reduces the construction area of production line.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a connecting structure diagram of the present production line;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present production line;
FIG. 3 is a connecting structure diagram of the finished product cleaning station;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a six-station turntable structure on a pre-cleaning station and a finished product cleaning station;
FIG. 5 is a view of a tetrahedral frame on the second rework station or the third rework station;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a charging station;
FIG. 7 is a view of an air tightness detection station;
FIG. 8 is a full-scale inspection station;
in the figure, 1-a first CNC welding seam milling and eliminating station, 2-a pre-cleaning station, 3-a second CNC welding seam milling and eliminating station, 4-a riveting station, 5-a first repairing station, 6-an air tightness detection station, 7-a full size detection station, 8-a first CMT welding station, 9-a first CMT welding seam detection station, 10-a second CMT welding station, 11-a cooling sampling detection station, 12-a second CMT welding seam detection station, 13-a second repairing station, 14-a third repairing station, 15-a laser welding station, 16-a laser repair welding station, 17-a cooling buffer storage station, 18-a third CMT welding station, 19-a third CMT welding seam detection station, 20-a laser welding seam detection station, 21-a laser marking station, 22-a finished product cleaning station, 23-inspection packaging station, 24-off-line repair port, 25-first conveying track, 26-second conveying track, 27-third conveying track, 28-fourth conveying track, 29-fifth conveying track, 30-sixth conveying track, 31-seventh conveying track, 32-first transfer table, 33-second transfer table, 34-third transfer table, 35-fourth transfer table, 36-pre-inspection station, 37-first sliding robot, 38-second sliding robot, 39-third sliding robot, 40-fourth sliding robot, 41-fifth sliding robot, 42-sixth sliding robot, 43-seventh sliding robot, 44-second fixed robot, 45-feeding station, 46-centering table, 47-third fixed robot, 48-first fixed robot, 49-fourth fixed robot, 50-fifth fixed robot, 51-fifth transfer table, 52-sixth fixed robot, 53-sixth transfer table, 54-sixth fixed robot.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution:
automatic production line of aluminum alloy battery case, including the first welding detecting system who connects in order, first CNC welding seam mills station 1 that disappears, wash station 2 in advance, second welding detecting system, second CNC welding seam mills station 3 that disappears, rivet station 4 in pressure, first repair station 5, gas tightness detection station 6, full size detection station 7 and finished product work piece processing system, all stations and system all are connected with the control center electricity, control center still is connected with the conveying system electricity that is used for carrying the aluminum alloy battery case, first welding detecting system links to each other with external repair system, be provided with first repair line between finished product work piece processing system and the first repair station 5, be provided with the second repair line between first repair station 5 and the gas tightness detection station 6. Wherein the pre-cleaning station 2 is arranged between the middle of the second conveying track 26 and the middle of the third conveying track 27. On the production line, each small part of a workpiece is processed through a series of stations, and then a finished product of the aluminum alloy battery box is finally output. The control center is prior art and aims to control the operation of the whole production line. And correcting unqualified products in time through the first repair line and the second repair line, and finally enabling the obtained finished products to be qualified. First repair station 5, second repair station 13 and third repair station 14 and all are the manual work and reprocess the station, reprocess the station 13 and the third on and reprocess the station 14 and all be the manual work and repair the welding, repair welding, artifical polishing and work such as manual detection are carried out to the manual work on the first repair station 5, and timely processing problem makes the product greatly reduced who is unqualified at last like this to reach the mesh that improves production efficiency. On the first CNC welding seam milling station 1 and the second CNC welding seam milling station 3, the two difficult problems of the station are mainly solved: A. the machined aluminum scraps randomly splash to the cavity or the hole, so that abnormal sound of later loading is caused, the aluminum scraps shield the mounting hole and the like; B. the accumulation of the aluminum scraps causes the phenomenon that the workpiece is not assembled in place, the product is scrapped, or the accumulation of the aluminum scraps causes the wire stop. A large number of shielding baffles are made for solving the problems, air blowing is added on a supporting surface, air blowing is carried out on a table board, and the like, so that the aluminum scraps are recovered in a centralized manner, and the aluminum scraps are conveyed out of the island by a special conveyor. And radar detection is performed at the full-size detection station 7, the surface and the hole sites of the product piece are detected on line in a radar scanning mode, and whether the surface and the hole sites of the product piece meet tolerance requirements or not is checked. Because need detect product front and back, all radars are installed on a elevating system to realize that the radar detects the product front and back respectively in high position.
Preferably, the first welding detection system comprises a pre-detection station 36, a first CMT welding station 8, a first CMT welding seam detection station 9, a second CMT welding station 10, a cooling sampling inspection station 11 and a second CMT welding seam detection station 12 which are connected in sequence, the first CMT welding seam detection station 9 is connected with a second repair station 13 in the repair system, and the second CMT welding seam detection station 12 is connected with a third repair station 14 in the repair system. In order to meet production requirements, two sets of same clamps are arranged on the first CMT welding station 8, and two workpieces can be welded at the same time; two groups of same welding fixtures are also arranged on the second CMT welding station 10, two parts can be welded simultaneously, and the welding positions of the second CMT welding station 10 and the first CMT welding station 8 on the workpiece are different. The second repair station 13 and the third repair station 14 both comprise a tetrahedron frame, PICK UP space grippers, repair trolleys, repair rooms and repair frames, the second repair station 13 and the third repair station 14 both place unqualified workpieces on the tetrahedron frame, the tetrahedron frame can place four workpieces as a buffer memory, then the ICK UP space grippers place the workpieces on the repair trolleys, the repair trolleys are manually pushed onto the repair frames in the closed repair rooms and repair welding is carried out on unqualified welding seams, the repair frames repair the workpieces for different angles, and therefore the workpieces can be manually turned over, and one position can be stopped every 30 degrees of turning. After the workpieces are repaired, the repairing trolley is manually pushed to a specified position, and the PICK UP space gripper automatically grips the workpieces to the tetrahedral frame from the repairing trolley.
The second welding detection system comprises a laser welding station 15, a laser repair welding station 16, a cooling buffer station 17, a third CMT welding station 18, a third CMT welding seam detection station 19 and a laser welding seam detection station 20 which are connected in sequence, wherein the input end of the laser welding station 15 is connected with the pre-cleaning station 2, and the output end of the laser welding seam detection station 20 is connected with the second CNC welding seam milling and eliminating station 3. The laser welding station 15 is arranged between the middle of the third conveying track 27 and the middle of the fourth conveying track 28, and the cooling buffer station 17 is arranged between the middle of the fourth conveying track 28 and the middle of the fifth conveying track 29. Be provided with reinforced station 45 between station 1 and the laser welding station 15 that disappears is milled to first CNC welding seam, be provided with centering table 46 between reinforced station 45 and the laser welding station 15, be provided with third fixed robot 47 between centering table 46 and the laser welding station 15, be provided with first fixed robot 48 between reinforced station 45 and the centering table 46, centering table 46 and laser welding station 15 all cooperate with third fixed robot 47, reinforced station 45 and centering table 46 all with first fixed robot 48. The feeding station 45 is used for feeding and welding the workpiece again on the production line, the volume added at the position is larger, so that a larger feeding station is separately arranged, the first fixed robot 48 is used for taking materials at the feeding station 45, and the third fixed robot 47 is used for accurately discharging materials to the laser welding station 15.
Finished product work piece processing system includes laser marking station 21, finished product cleaning station 22 and inspection packing station 23 that connect in order, and the input of laser marking station 21 links to each other with full-scale detection station 7's output, and inspection packing station 23 is reprocessed the line through the second and is linked to each other with first reprocessed station 5, is connected with off-line reprocesses mouthful 24 on the full-scale detection station 7. The final marking, cleaning, inspection and packaging of the workpiece are the necessary processes for the final workpiece. The cleaning system comprises a conveying track, a feeding station, a discharging station, a high-pressure spraying station, a clear water rinsing station, a water pouring station group and a heating and drying station group, wherein the conveying track, the feeding station, the discharging station, the high-pressure spraying station, the clear water rinsing station, the water pouring station group and the heating and drying station group are sequentially arranged on the conveying track, the conveying track is arranged in a closed loop manner, a hanging frame used for carrying a workpiece is arranged on the conveying track, the feeding station is arranged close to the discharging station, a first air drying station is arranged between the high-pressure spraying station and the clear water rinsing station, a second air drying station is arranged between the clear water rinsing station and the water pouring station group, the high-pressure spraying station and the first air drying station are both arranged in a first sealed chamber, and the clear water rinsing station and the second air drying station are both arranged in a second sealed chamber, the bottom of first seal chamber is provided with heavily pollutes the basin, and the bottom of second seal chamber is provided with the light pollution basin, and first seal chamber and second seal chamber all link to each other with first row of fog subassembly.
The conveying system comprises a first conveying track 25, a second conveying track 26, a third conveying track 27, a fourth conveying track 28, a fifth conveying track 29, a sixth conveying track 30 and a seventh conveying track 31, a first transfer table 32 is arranged between the output end of the first conveying rail 25 and the input end of the second conveying rail 26, a second transfer table 33 is arranged between the output end of the second conveying rail 26 and the input end of the third conveying rail 27, a third transfer table 34 is arranged between the output end of the third conveying rail 27 and the input end of the fourth conveying rail 28, a fourth transfer table 35 is arranged between the output end of the sixth conveying rail 30 and the input end of the seventh conveying rail 31, the output end of the fourth conveying rail 28 is connected with the input end of the sixth conveying rail 30 through a fifth conveying rail 29, and the first CMT weld joint detection station 9 is arranged among the first CMT welding station 8, the pre-detection station 36 and the input end of the first conveying rail 25. A fifth relay table 51 is provided at the cooperation between the fourth conveying rail 28 and the fifth conveying rail 29. The sixth transferring table 53 is provided at the fitting between the fifth conveying rail 29 and the sixth conveying rail 30. The transfer table is arranged to facilitate workpiece transmission between two adjacent robots.
The first conveying track 25, the second conveying track 26, the third conveying track 27, the fourth conveying track 28, the fifth conveying track 29, the sixth conveying track 30 and the seventh conveying track 31 are all linear conveying tracks, all the linear conveying tracks form a linear conveying line, the first transfer table 32 and the first CMT welding seam detection station 9 are matched with a first sliding robot 37 arranged on the first conveying track 25, the first transfer table 32 and the second transfer table 33 are matched with a second sliding robot 38 arranged on the second conveying track 26, the second transfer table 33 and the third transfer table 34 are matched with a third sliding robot 39 arranged on the third conveying track 27, a fourth sliding robot 40 matched with the third transfer table 34 is arranged on the fourth conveying track 28, a fifth sliding robot 41 is arranged on the fifth conveying track 29, a sixth sliding robot 42 is arranged on the sixth conveying track 30, a seventh sliding robot 43 is arranged on the seventh conveying track 31, the sixth sliding robot 42 and the seventh sliding robot 43 are matched with the fourth transfer table 35, a fourth fixed robot 49 is arranged between the pre-detection station 36 and the first CMT weld joint detection station 9, and the pre-detection station 36 and the first CMT weld joint detection station 9 are matched with the fourth fixed robot 49. Be provided with a plurality of sliding robot, every sliding robot can slide on transfer orbit, therefore every sliding robot can compromise a plurality of stations to reduce the quantity of arranging of robot, the effectual manufacturing cost who reduces the production line.
A first equipment installation line and a second equipment installation line are respectively arranged on two sides of the linear conveying line; the first equipment installation line is sequentially provided with a pre-detection station 36, a first CMT welding seam detection station 9, a first CMT welding station 8, a second CMT welding seam detection station 12, a pre-cleaning station 2, a laser repair welding station 16, a cooling cache station 17, a laser welding seam detection station 20, a pressure riveting station 4, a first repair station 5, an off-line repair opening 24, a laser marking station 21 and an inspection packaging station 23 from the head to the tail of the linear conveying line; the second equipment installation line is sequentially provided with a second repair station 13, a second CMT welding station 10, a cooling sampling inspection station 11, a third repair station 14, a first CNC weld milling and eliminating station 1, a laser welding station 15, a third CMT weld detection station 19, a second CNC weld milling and eliminating station 3, an air tightness detection station 6, a full-size detection station 7 and a finished product cleaning station 22 from the head to the tail of the linear conveying line, and the third CMT welding station 18 is arranged close to the third CMT weld detection station 19; wherein, the first CMT welding station 8 and the second CMT welding station 10 are all matched with a first sliding robot 37, the second CMT welding seam detection station 12, the cooling sampling station 11 and the third repair station 14 are all matched with a second sliding robot 38, the pre-cleaning station 2 and the first CNC welding seam milling and eliminating station 1 are all matched with a third sliding robot 39, the laser welding station 15, the cooling buffer station 17 and the laser repair welding station 16 are all matched with a fourth sliding robot 40, the cooling buffer station 17, the laser welding seam detection station 20 and the rivet pressing station 4, the second CNC weld milling and eliminating station 3 and the third CMT weld detecting station 19 are matched with a fifth sliding robot 41, the first repairing station 5, the press riveting station 4 and the air tightness detecting station 6 are matched with a sixth sliding robot 42, and the off-line repairing port 24, the laser marking station 21, the inspection and packaging station 23, the full-size detecting station 7 and the finished product cleaning station 22 are matched with a seventh sliding robot 43. The conveying system is arranged in a straight line, so that the structure of the production line is more compact, and the construction area of the production line is reduced. All stations are not arranged on two sides of the conveying system, so that a large number of middle transfer robots can be saved, and the manufacturing cost and later energy consumption cost of a production line are effectively saved.
The third CMT welding station 18 is arranged between the third CMT welding seam detection station 19 and the laser welding station 15, and the third CMT welding station 18 is matched with the fifth sliding robot 41; or the third CMT welding seam detection station 19 is arranged between the third CMT welding station 18 and the fifth conveying rail 29, the third CMT welding station 18 is arranged far away from the fifth conveying rail 29, a second fixed robot 44 is arranged between the third CMT welding seam detection station 19 and the third CMT welding station 18, and the third CMT welding seam detection station 19 and the third CMT welding station 18 are matched with the second fixed robot 44.
The production process of the aluminum alloy battery box comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) placing the workpiece to be welded on the pre-detection station 36 for detection, placing the workpiece on the first CMT welding station 8 for first welding when the workpiece is qualified, and returning when the workpiece is unqualified. Manually loading the sub-assemblies of the supplied materials onto the equipment of the pre-detection station 36, carrying out detection on the supplied materials by a laser welding seam detection head on a fourth fixed robot 49, recording after detection, manually taking out the sub-assemblies on the pre-detection station 36, putting the non-unqualified parts on a repair table for repair, and putting qualified parts on the first CMT welding station 8 for welding. Then, the first sliding robot 37 takes out the part from the first CMT welding station 8 and puts the part on the first CMT weld detection station 9, and the fourth fixed robot 49 carries out weld quality detection on the part welded by the first CMT welding station 8 by using the laser weld detection head. A qualified workpiece for welding seam detection is grabbed to the second CMT welding station 10 by the first sliding robot 37; the unqualified parts are grabbed to the second repair station 13 for repair. The first CMT welding seam detection station 9 and the second CMT welding seam detection station 12 both adopt laser to detect the welding seam. The first sliding robot 37 puts the unqualified workpiece detected on the first CMT welding seam detection station 9 on the second repair station 13, and the first sliding robot 37 grabs the first CMT welding seam detection station 9 for welding seam detection after repair. The parts qualified in the first CMT welding seam detection station 9 are placed on the second CMT welding station 10 by the first sliding robot 37 for second welding.
(2) And (3) placing the workpiece which is subjected to the step (1) on a first CMT welding line detection station 9 to detect the welding line welded for the first time, placing the workpiece on a second CMT welding station 10 to carry out second welding after the detection is qualified, entering a second repair station 13 to carry out repair after the detection is unqualified, and returning to the first CMT welding line detection station 9 to detect again after the repair. The first slide robot 37 places the workpiece welded at the second CMT welding station 10 on the first relay table 32. The second slide robot 38 picks up the workpiece from the first transfer table 32 and places the workpiece in the cooling spot inspection station 11. The cooling sampling inspection station 11 is provided with a six-station rotary table, 6 workpieces can be placed on the rotary table for cooling and sampling inspection, and the six-station rotary table for taking and placing the workpieces once rotates by 60 degrees. And the second sliding robot 38 takes the cooled workpiece from the cooling sampling station 11 and places the cooled workpiece on the second CMT welding seam detection station 12 for welding seam detection. On the second CMT welding seam detection station 12, a fifth fixed robot 50 arranged on the second CMT welding seam detection station 12 grabs the laser welding seam detection head for welding seam detection, and the fixture on the second CMT welding seam detection station 12 can be shifted and stopped at any position according to welding seam detection requirements. And the second sliding robot 38 places the unqualified workpiece detected on the second CMT welding seam detection station 12 on the third repair station 14, and the second sliding robot 38 grabs the second CMT welding seam detection station 12 for welding seam detection after repair.
(3) And (3) conveying the workpiece which is subjected to the step (2) to a cooling sampling inspection station 11, placing the workpiece on a second CMT welding line detection station 12 for detection after the cooling sampling inspection station 11 is cooled, placing the workpiece on a first CNC welding line milling and eliminating station 1 for milling and eliminating operation after the detection is qualified, entering a third repair station 14 for repair after the detection is unqualified, and returning to the second CMT welding line detection station 12 for re-detection after the repair. And the second sliding robot 38 places the qualified common parts detected by the second CMT welding seam detection station 12 on the second transfer platform 33 for buffering. And the third sliding robot 39 grabs the workpiece from the second transfer table 33 and places the workpiece on the first CNC weld milling and eliminating station 1. And the third sliding robot 39 grabs the processed workpiece to the pre-cleaning station 2 from the first CNC weld milling station 1, and after cleaning is completed, the third sliding robot 39 takes the workpiece out of the pre-cleaning station 2 and places the workpiece on the third transfer table 34.
(4) And (4) the workpiece after the step (3) enters the pre-cleaning station 2 to be cleaned for the first time, enters the laser welding station 15 to be welded for the third time after being cleaned, and then enters the laser repair welding station 16 to perform repair welding on the position, which cannot be welded, of the laser welding station 15. The fourth slide robot 40 picks up the frame from the third transfer table 34 onto the laser welding jig of the laser welding station 15. A first stationary robot 48 picks the back sheet from the back sheet multi-layer magazine at the feeding station 45 onto the centering table 46. The third fixed robot 47 picks up the back plate from the centering table 46 to the laser welding forming jig of the laser welding station 15. At the moment, the workpiece and the back plate are welded at the laser welding station 15, a gap which is not welded completely or cannot be welded on the laser welding station 15 is left, and then the fourth sliding robot 40 grabs the workpiece from a laser welding fixture of the laser welding station 15 to the laser repair welding station 16 to perform welding operation.
(5) And (3) cooling the workpiece which is subjected to the step (4) in a cooling buffer station 17, feeding the cooled workpiece into a third CMT welding station 18 for comprehensive repair welding, sequentially detecting the workpiece by a third CMT welding seam detection station 19 and a laser welding seam detection station 20 respectively, and finally feeding the workpiece into a second CNC welding seam milling and eliminating station 3 for second milling and eliminating operation. After the operation is completed on the laser repair welding station 16, the fourth sliding robot 40 places the parts welded on the laser repair welding station 16 on the cooling buffer station 17, the cooling buffer station 17 is a six-station rotary table, 6 parts can be placed on the rotary table, and the picked and placed parts rotate by 60 degrees once. The fifth slide robot 41 takes the cooled workpiece from the cooling buffer station 17 and places the workpiece on the fifth relay table 51. The second fixed robot 44 grabs the workpiece from the fifth transfer table 51 to the third CMT welding station 18 for recharging welding, the fifth sliding robot 41 grabs the welded part from the third CMT welding station 18 to the third CMT weld detection station 19, the sixth fixed robot 52 arranged on the third CMT weld detection station 19 grabs the laser weld detection head for weld detection, the third CMT weld detection station 19 detects the weld welded on the third CMT welding station 18, and the support on the third CMT weld detection station 19 can be shifted and stopped at any position according to the weld detection requirement. The fifth sliding robot 41 grabs the workpiece from the third CMT weld detection station 19 to the laser weld detection station 20, the laser weld detection station 20 detects the weld welded at the laser welding station 15 and the laser repair welding station 16, and the weld milling stations mill the welded weld to make the workpiece smooth.
(6) The workpiece which is finished in the step (5) enters a press riveting station 4 for press riveting; the fifth sliding robot 41 then picks the workpiece from the laser weld inspection station 20 onto the second CNC weld milling and eliminating station 3. Among them, the fifth slide robot 41 has a function of gripping the workpiece from the back and the front, respectively, to realize the turn-over of the workpiece placement. After the work is finished, the fifth sliding robot 41 grabs the workpiece from the fixture of the second CNC weld milling and eliminating station 3 to the sixth transfer table 53, then the sixth fixing robot 54 arranged on the side of the press riveting station 4 grabs the workpiece from the sixth transfer table 53 to the press riveting equipment of the press riveting station 4 to press and rivet 18 bushings, and after the press riveting, the workpiece is placed back on the sixth transfer table 53.
(7) The workpiece after the step (6) enters a first repair station 5 to be subjected to comprehensive repair operation; the sixth sliding robot 42 picks the workpiece from the sixth transfer table 53 and places the workpiece on the first repair station 5 to perform repair welding, manual polishing, manual detection and the like.
(8) And (5) the workpiece after the step (7) enters an air tightness detection station 6 to carry out air tightness test on the workpiece. The sixth sliding robot 42 is put from the first rework station 5 onto the airtightness detection station 6. The sixth sliding robot 42 can realize the function of grabbing the workpiece on the front side and the back side, and the air tightness detection is to inflate the product cavity to detect the air tightness of the product cavity. Wherein, the sixth sliding robot 42 puts the qualified workpiece detected from the air tightness detecting station 6 on the fourth transfer table 35, and the unqualified workpiece is put on the first repairing station 5 for repairing again.
(9) And (5) the workpiece which is subjected to the step (8) enters a full-size detection station 7 for size detection, the unqualified workpiece enters an off-line repair port 24 for transportation out of the repair, the qualified workpiece enters a laser marking station 21 for marking operation, and then the qualified workpiece enters a finished product cleaning station 22 for final cleaning. The seventh slide robot 43 grips the workpiece from the front side of the fourth relay stand 35 and places it on the full-size inspection station 7 for radar inspection.
(10) And (4) the workpiece which is finished in the step (9) enters the inspection and packaging station 23, the qualified finished product is output, and the unqualified finished product is returned to the step (7) for recycling. After the detection of the full-size detection station 7, the qualified products are grabbed by the seventh sliding robot 43 and are placed on the laser marking station 21 for marking. Unqualified products are grabbed by a seventh sliding robot 43 and placed on the guiding-out trolley of the offline repairing port 24, and are manually pushed out of the line. The product is marked with the two-dimensional code 3 places on the laser marking station 21, two are marked with the marking machine, and one is marked with the marking translation mechanism. The seventh sliding robot 43 grabs the marked product and puts the marked product to the finished product cleaning station 22 for automatic cleaning, after cleaning is completed, the inspection and packaging station 23 takes the workpiece from the workpiece outlet of the finished product cleaning station 22, inspects and packages the product, and puts the unqualified product to the first repair station 5 for further repair.
On this production line, the work piece adopts the multistation welding for welded procedure is simplified like this, can also let the welding of same work piece distribute on a plurality of stations according to time, makes the welding go on smoothly, still conveniently adds the part that needs the welding in welding process simultaneously. The welding of work piece adopts CMT welding and laser welding mode that combines together to weld, can prevent like this that the work piece from being damaged when the welding, makes welded effect better simultaneously to the welded qualification rate has been guaranteed. The workpiece is detected after being welded every time, so that unqualified products are effectively prevented from directly entering the next procedure, and energy loss and cost increase caused by directly manufacturing the unqualified products in the follow-up procedure are prevented. Meanwhile, on the production line, the equipment used on the station is the equipment in the prior art, and the equipment in the prior art is not described herein in detail.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. Automatic production line of aluminum alloy battery case, its characterized in that: milling station (1), pre-cleaning station (2), second welding detection system, second CNC welding seam and eliminating station (3), riveting station (4), first repair station (5), gas tightness detection station (6), full-size detection station (7) and finished product workpiece processing system including the first welding detection system, first CNC welding seam that connect in order, all stations and systems all are connected with the control center electricity, control center still with be used for carrying the conveying system electricity of aluminum alloy battery case is connected, first welding detection system links to each other with external repair system, finished product workpiece processing system with be provided with first repair line between first repair station (5), first repair station (5) with be provided with the second repair line between gas tightness detection station (6).
2. The automatic production line for aluminum alloy battery cases according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first welding detection system comprises a pre-detection station (36), a first CMT welding station (8), a first CMT welding seam detection station (9), a second CMT welding station (10), a cooling sampling inspection station (11) and a second CMT welding seam detection station (12) which are connected in sequence, the first CMT welding seam detection station (9) is connected with a second repair station (13) in the repair system, and the second CMT welding seam detection station (12) is connected with a third repair station (14) in the repair system.
3. The automatic production line for aluminum alloy battery cases according to claim 2, characterized in that: the second welding detection system comprises a laser welding station (15), a laser repair welding station (16), a cooling buffer station (17), a third CMT welding station (18), a third CMT welding seam detection station (19) and a laser welding seam detection station (20) which are connected in sequence, wherein the input end of the laser welding station (15) is connected with the pre-cleaning station (2), and the output end of the laser welding seam detection station (20) is connected with the second CNC welding seam milling station (3).
4. The automatic production line for aluminum alloy battery cases according to claim 3, wherein: finished product work piece processing system washs station (22) and inspection packing station (23) including laser marking station (21), finished product that connect in order, the input of laser marking station (21) with the output of full-scale detection station (7) links to each other, inspection packing station (23) pass through the second reprocess the line with first reprocess station (5) and link to each other, be connected with down the production line on full-scale detection station (7) and reprocess mouthful (24).
5. The automatic production line for aluminum alloy battery cases according to claim 4, wherein: the conveying system comprises a first conveying track (25), a second conveying track (26), a third conveying track (27), a fourth conveying track (28), a fifth conveying track (29), a sixth conveying track (30) and a seventh conveying track (31), a first transfer table (32) is arranged between the output end of the first conveying track (25) and the input end of the second conveying track (26), a second transfer table (33) is arranged between the output end of the second conveying track (26) and the input end of the third conveying track (27), a third transfer table (34) is arranged between the output end of the third conveying track (27) and the input end of the fourth conveying track (28), a fourth transfer table (35) is arranged between the output end of the sixth conveying track (30) and the input end of the seventh conveying track (31), and the output end of the fourth conveying track (28) and the input end of the sixth conveying track (30) pass through the transfer tables The fifth conveying track (29) is connected, and the first CMT welding seam detection station (9) is arranged between the first CMT welding station (8), the pre-detection station (36) and the input end of the first conveying track (25).
6. The automatic production line for aluminum alloy battery cases according to claim 5, characterized in that: the first conveying track (25), the second conveying track (26), the third conveying track (27), the fourth conveying track (28), the fifth conveying track (29), the sixth conveying track (30) and the seventh conveying track (31) are all linear conveying tracks, all the linear conveying tracks form a linear conveying line, the first transfer table (32) and the first CMT welding line detection station (9) are matched with a first sliding robot (37) arranged on the first conveying track (25), the first transfer table (32) and the second transfer table (33) are matched with a second sliding robot (38) arranged on the second conveying track (26), the second transfer table (33) and the third transfer table (34) are matched with a third sliding robot (39) arranged on the third conveying track (27), and a fourth sliding robot matched with the third transfer table (34) is arranged on the fourth conveying track (28) Robot (40), be provided with fifth slip robot (41) on fifth delivery track (29), be provided with sixth slip robot (42) on sixth delivery track (30), be provided with seventh slip robot (43) on seventh delivery track (31), sixth slip robot (42) with seventh slip robot (43) all with revolving stage (35) cooperation in the fourth, in advance detect station (36) with be provided with fourth fixed robot (49) between first CMT welding seam detection station (9), just in advance detect station (36) with first CMT welding seam detection station (9) all with fourth fixed robot (49) cooperation.
7. The automatic production line for aluminum alloy battery cases according to claim 6, wherein: a first equipment installation line and a second equipment installation line are respectively arranged on two sides of the linear conveying line;
the first equipment installation line is sequentially provided with a pre-detection station (36), a first CMT welding line detection station (9), a first CMT welding station (8), a second CMT welding line detection station (12), a pre-cleaning station (2), a laser repair welding station (16), a cooling buffer station (17), a laser welding line detection station (20), a press riveting station (4), a first repair station (5), a lower line repair opening (24), a laser marking station (21) and the inspection packaging station (23) from the head to the tail of the linear conveying line;
the second equipment installation line is sequentially provided with a second repair station (13), a second CMT welding station (10), a cooling sampling inspection station (11), a third repair station (14), a first CNC welding line milling and eliminating station (1), a laser welding station (15), a third CMT welding line detection station (19), a second CNC welding line milling and eliminating station (3), an air tightness detection station (6), a full-size detection station (7) and a finished product cleaning station (22) from the head to the tail of the linear conveying line, and the third CMT welding station (18) is arranged close to the third CMT welding line detection station (19);
wherein the first CMT welding station (8) and the second CMT welding station (10) are all matched with the first sliding robot (37), the second CMT welding seam detection station (12), the cooling spot inspection station (11) and the third repair station (14) are all matched with the second sliding robot (38), the pre-cleaning station (2) and the first CNC welding seam milling and eliminating station (1) are all matched with the third sliding robot (39), the laser welding station (15), the cooling buffer station (17) and the laser repair welding station (16) are all matched with the fourth sliding robot (40), the cooling buffer station (17), the laser welding seam CNC detection station (20), the rivet pressing station (4), the second welding seam milling and eliminating station (3) and the third CMT welding seam detection station (19) are all matched with the fifth sliding robot (41), first reprocess station (5), rivet station (4) and gas tightness detection station (6) all with sixth sliding robot (42) cooperation, reprocess mouthful (24), laser marking station (21), inspection packing station (23), full-scale detection station (7) and finished product washing station (22) all with seventh sliding robot (43) cooperation down.
8. The automatic production line for aluminum alloy battery cases according to claim 7, wherein: the third CMT welding station (18) is arranged between the third CMT weld detection station (19) and the laser welding station (15), and the third CMT welding station (18) is matched with the fifth sliding robot (41); or the third CMT welding seam detection station (19) is arranged between the third CMT welding station (18) and the fifth conveying rail (29), the third CMT welding station (18) is arranged far away from the side of the fifth conveying rail (29), a second fixed robot (44) is arranged between the third CMT welding seam detection station (19) and the third CMT welding station (18), and the third CMT welding seam detection station (19) and the third CMT welding station (18) are matched with the second fixed robot (44).
9. The automatic production line for aluminum alloy battery cases according to claim 8, wherein: first CNC welding seam mill station (1) disappear with be provided with between laser welding station (15) reinforced station (45), reinforced station (45) with be provided with between laser welding station (15) centering platform (46), centering platform (46) with be provided with between laser welding station (15) third fixed robot (47), reinforced station (45) with be provided with first fixed robot (48) between centering platform (46), centering platform (46) with laser welding station (15) all with third fixed robot (47) cooperation, reinforced station (45) with centering platform (46) all with first fixed robot (48).
10. The production process of an aluminum alloy battery case according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the production process comprises the following steps:
s1: placing a workpiece to be welded on the pre-detection station (36) for detection, placing the workpiece on the first CMT welding station (8) for first welding when the workpiece is qualified, and returning when the workpiece is unqualified;
s2: the workpiece which is subjected to the step S1 is placed on the first CMT welding seam detection station (9) to detect the welding seam which is welded for the first time, the workpiece is placed on the second CMT welding station (10) to be welded for the second time after being detected to be qualified, the workpiece which is not detected to be qualified enters the second repairing station (13) to be repaired, and the workpiece returns to the first CMT welding seam detection station (9) to be detected again after being repaired;
s3: conveying the workpiece which is subjected to the step S2 to the cooling sampling inspection station (11), placing the workpiece on the second CMT welding seam detection station (12) for detection after the cooling sampling inspection station (11) is cooled, placing the workpiece on the first CNC welding seam milling and eliminating station (1) for milling and eliminating operation after the workpiece is qualified for detection, entering the third repairing station (14) for repairing after the workpiece is unqualified for detection, and returning the workpiece to the second CMT welding seam detection station (12) for re-detection after the workpiece is repaired;
s4: the workpiece which is subjected to the step S3 enters the pre-cleaning station (2) to be cleaned for the first time, enters the laser welding station (15) to be welded for the third time after being cleaned, and then enters the laser repair welding station (16) to perform repair welding on the position where the laser welding station (15) cannot be welded;
s5: the workpiece which is finished with the step S4 enters the cooling buffer station (17) for cooling, the cooled workpiece enters the third CMT welding station (18) for comprehensive repair welding, then sequentially passes through the third CMT welding seam detection station (19) and the laser welding seam detection station (20) for detection, and finally enters the second CNC welding seam milling and eliminating station (3) for secondary milling and eliminating operation;
s6: the workpiece which is subjected to the step S5 enters the press riveting station (4) for press riveting;
s7: the workpiece which finishes the step S5 enters the first repair station (5) to carry out comprehensive repair operation;
s8: the workpiece which is finished with the step S7 enters the air tightness detection station (6) to carry out air tightness test on the workpiece;
s9: the workpiece which is subjected to the step S8 enters the full-size detection station (7) for size detection, the workpiece which is unqualified in detection enters the lower line repair opening (24) to be transported out for repair, the workpiece which is qualified in detection enters the laser marking station (21) for marking operation, and then the workpiece enters the finished product cleaning station (22) for final cleaning;
s10: and the workpieces which are finished by the step S9 enter the inspection packaging station (23), qualified finished products are output, unqualified products are output, and the step S7 is returned for circulation again.
CN202110807257.8A 2021-07-16 2021-07-16 Automatic production line and production process of aluminum alloy battery box Active CN113414641B (en)

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