CN113413188A

CN113413188A - Spacing sleeve trepan for implementing experimental animal skull bone defect model operation

Info

Publication number: CN113413188A
Application number: CN202110483464.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钱家杰; 陈立峰; 李超; 陈满涛
Original assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Current assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Priority date: 2021-04-30
Filing date: 2021-04-30
Publication date: 2021-09-21

Abstract

The invention relates to a limit sleeve trepan for implementing an experimental animal skull bone defect model operation, which comprises a rotary trepan device, an electric motor rotating mechanism and at least one external sleeve; the rotary trepan device is sleeved in the outer sleeve and is driven to rotate by the electric motor rotating mechanism; the rotary trepanning device comprises a trepanning drill bit, a connecting handle, a cross coupling module sleeve and a coupling fork pin; the trepan drill bit is connected with a connecting handle, the connecting handle is connected with a rotating shaft in the electric motor rotating mechanism, and the rotating shaft is connected with the cross coupling module sleeve and the coupling fork pin; the combined mechanism of the external sleeve and the trepan drill bit ensures the safety protection, the accurate control of the depth of the trepan saw bone, the anti-skid positioning and the complete bone lamella removal of the trepan saw bone when the electric high-speed rotating trepan drill bit drills the trepan bone.

Description

Spacing sleeve trepan for implementing experimental animal skull bone defect model operation

Technical Field

The invention relates to a medical experimental research, which is a novel surgical instrument for drilling and sawing skull for implementing skull bone defect and skull drilling operation, aiming at establishing a limiting bone defect model of an experimental animal and the aims of clinical medical craniotomy and skull drilling operation.

Background

The experimental animal skull bone defect model has wide application value in the fields of bone regeneration and bone biomaterial research, but the trepan or the conventional grinding drill bit for the traditional skull bone defect model operation has obvious defects in product structure and operation and use, firstly, the trepan rotating at a high speed is exposed, and potential safety hazards exist to an operator and an operation animal in the operation; secondly, the drill bit is easy to slip on the surface of the skull when rotating to saw the bone, so that the drill bit is difficult to hold by hands to stably work, and the standard positioning of the bone defect of the drill bit and the standard size of the bone defect are directly influenced; thirdly, the traditional trephine has no reliable method for controlling the depth of the sawed bone, for example, the thickness of the skull of an experimental mouse is only 0.2-0.3 mm, and once the drill breaks through the thickness of the skull, dura mater and brain tissues are directly injured, so that the experimental animal dies due to craniocerebral injury.

Due to the inherent defects of the traditional trepan, the skull bone defect operation implemented by the traditional trepan is unsafe, low in efficiency, easy to infect, obvious in animal wound, extremely low in operation success rate, large in operation difficulty, difficult to master by ordinary people, difficult to achieve standardization and repeatability of the skull bone defect operation of experimental animals, incapable of being popularized in laboratories, and hindering practical development and application of the technology in the field.

Similarly, in the skull-opening and skull-punching operations of clinical medicine, the existing skull-punching drilling tools all adopt the old twist solid drill bit, the drill bit structure is a large-area cutting edge, high power is needed during drilling, the twist drill bit generates vibration to the cranium during the twisting drilling process, particularly, the drilled bone tissues are damaged into fragments and removed, and the complete bone flap of the drilled hole cannot be kept and moved back. The twist drill has the advantages of high-power shaking drilling, difficulty in controlling the depth, easiness in injuring the cranium and slow feeding requirement in operation, so that the special technical requirement of cranium drilling is high, and the twist drill is large in trauma, time-consuming and expensive.

Due to the defect of the existing skull perforation instrument in clinical medicine, the life treatment of the craniocerebral perforation operation required in clinical medicine is greatly influenced. For example, the most common skull perforation, skull penetration and intracranial pressure measurement are important measures for treating the increase of intracranial pressure after head trauma, redundant liquid is discharged by perforating the skull through the perforation, or a sensor is placed in the skull for pressure monitoring, so that the life risk caused by the intracranial pressure can be greatly reduced. However, only a very small number of patients receive intracranial pressure measurement and pressure reduction treatment for craniocerebral perforation operation due to the lack of sufficient professional neurosurgeons for mastering the craniocerebral perforation technology.

In view of the above technical problems, improvements are needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides the limiting sleeve trepan which is simple in structure, convenient and practical and is used for skull bone defect and skull punching operation, and changes the original difficult skull opening and bone drilling technology of the orthopaedics professional into the conventional operation skill which can be controlled by common laboratory technicians and common clinical surgeons.

As for a common laboratory of medical research, the operation method is simple, easy to master, safe and efficient, and has small operative wound, the standardization and the repeatability of the skull bone defect operation of experimental animals can be realized, and the technical guarantee of operation implementation is provided for applying an animal skull bone defect model under the condition of a conventional laboratory. The different specifications of the design under the trepan principle can be used for the purposes of skull bone defect model operations from mice to large animals and skull perforation operations of experimental animals in medical research.

For clinical medicine, due to the safety characteristics of the instrument, a general surgeon can operate and use the instrument, so that non-neurosurgical personnel can safely punch the skull without extra risk of brain injury, and the brain pressure monitoring and curing availability of a head trauma patient is greatly increased; furthermore, the invention adopts the hollow drill core trepan technology, the trepan is provided with a plurality of cutting teeth which only cut the periphery of the hole, the wall thickness of the saw blade is 0.3-0.6mm, the power consumption is very small when the bone is sawn, and the efficiency of drilling 5-10 times more than that of the traditional twist drill can be created for craniotomy or multi-hole drilling of clinical cranial neurosurgery; and the skull drilled and sawed is moved out for a complete bone flap, and the bone flap can be moved back to be riveted and reset after the operation, thereby saving more time and money. In addition, although the device is designed for skull perforation, the mechanism may also be used to increase the safety of other part drilling procedures, such as vertebral, pelvic or sternal drilling, all of which may avoid bone penetration and damage to vital organs, nerves or blood vessels.

In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a limit sleeve trepan for implementing experimental animal skull bone defect model operation comprises a rotary trepan device, an electric motor rotating mechanism and at least one external sleeve; the rotary trepan device is sleeved in the outer sleeve and is driven to rotate by the electric motor rotating mechanism; the rotary trepanning device comprises a trepanning drill bit, a connecting handle, a cross coupling module sleeve and a coupling fork pin; the trepan drill bit is connected with a connecting handle, the connecting handle is connected with a rotating shaft in the electric motor rotating mechanism, and the rotating shaft is connected with the cross coupling module sleeve and the coupling fork pin.

As a preferable mode of the present invention, the front end of the trepan drill is formed with front end saw teeth which protrude out of the foremost end of the outer sleeve; an extension screw rod is formed at the rear end of the trepan drill bit, and a nut notch matched with the extension screw rod is correspondingly formed on the connecting handle; the extension screw is screwed in the nut notch.

As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the electric motor rotating mechanism includes an electric motor housing and an electric rotating tool; the electric rotary tool comprises a rotating shaft and a connecting sleeve; the cross coupling module sleeve is connected with the coupling sleeve, the coupling fork pin is connected in the coupling sleeve clutch groove, and the clutch groove is in a fan-shaped opening.

As a preferred aspect of the present invention, at least one sleeve bearing is provided between the outer sleeve and the shank, the sleeve bearing being located close to the rear end of the trepan drill bit, and a ball bearing is provided between the shank and the electric motor rotation mechanism, the ball bearing and the sleeve bearing being used for stabilizing the positioning of the trepan drill bit. The ball bearing and the sliding bearing which are arranged in the fixed sleeve ensure that the built-in trepan rotates stably and concentrically at a high speed under the drive of the motor; and the longitudinal constant position of the front and the back of the built-in rotary drill bit is ensured, the retraction and the extension of the trepan head are prevented, and the specified drilling and sawing depth is ensured when the bone is drilled and sawed.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer sleeves are provided in plurality, and adjacent outer sleeves are screwed together by the rear threads and the front threads.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, a transverse gap is reserved between the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the outer wall of the trepan drill bit, and air, normal saline or an antifriction material is filled in the transverse gap.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, a plurality of wind tunnels are formed on the wall of the outer sleeve; the outer sleeve is formed with a knurl at a forward end thereof.

As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the outer sleeve includes a sleeve front end and a sleeve rear end; the front end of the sleeve and the rear end of the sleeve are connected in a screwing mode through threads or in a bayonet locking mode through the positioning pin, wherein the parallel and level portion of the front end of the sleeve and the root portion of the rear end of the trepan drill bit are located on the same vertical plane, and the front end of the sleeve is made of plastic materials.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, a telescopic protective cover device is arranged between the outer sleeve and the trepan drill bit; the telescopic protection cover device is moved relative to the outer sleeve in the longitudinal direction of the outer sleeve such that the telescopic protection cover device is retracted when it contacts the drill-sawn bone surface.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the telescopic protection cover device comprises an embedded sleeve, a limiting bolt and a spring; the embedded sleeve is driven by a spring to move longitudinally, a guide groove is formed on the embedded sleeve, and a limiting bolt penetrates through the outer sleeve and abuts against the guide groove of the embedded sleeve; when the trepan drill bit enters a drilling and sawing working state, a front limiting gap is formed between the limiting bolt and the guide groove; when the trepan drill bit does not enter a drilling and sawing working state, a rear limiting gap is formed between the limiting bolt and the guide groove; the external fixed sleeve can also be provided with a multi-layer telescopic elastic protective cover, the extended elastic cover protects the saw teeth of the trepan saw from being exposed when the trepan saw is in a non-working state, and only when the trepan saw head contacts the surface entity of the bone of the trepan saw, the protective cover is pressed to retract, and the saw teeth are exposed; when the trepan head leaves the solid working surface of the drill sawing bone, the protective cover pops up, and the saw teeth of the drill bit are shielded by the protective cover again, so that the safety protection of the electric drilling tool with safety is realized.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the combined mechanism of the external sleeve and the trepan drill ensures the safety protection, the accurate control of the depth of the trepan drill and the saw bone, the anti-skid positioning and the complete bone lamella removal of the trepan saw bone when the trepan drill bit which rotates at high speed electrically drills the trepan drill and the saw bone;

2. the cross coupling module sleeve and the coupling fork pin are embedded in a modular mode, the assembly and disassembly do not need to be adjusted by aligning the module unit deliberately, and the ring saw is convenient to assemble and disassemble frequently; knurling the surface of the outer wall part of the sleeve to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the trepan by bare hands during operation;

3. the front end of the sleeve is contacted with the opening surface of the drilling and sawing bone entity to be made into a knurled surface so as to prevent the saw head from slipping when the drilling and sawing bone is drilled, prevent the vacuum of a local drilling and sawing area when the drilling and sawing bone is drilled, and ensure the flowing and cooling of cleaning fluid of the local drilling and sawing bone area; the wind tunnel on the sleeve wall ensures the airflow transmission when the built-in trepan rotates at a high speed and provides convenience for cleaning the interior of the drill body;

4. a telescopic protective cover device is arranged between the external sleeve and the trepan saw bit, the extending elastic cover protects the trepan saw teeth from being exposed when the trepan saw bit is in a non-working state, and the protective cover is pressed to retract only when the trepan saw bit contacts the entity on the surface of the trepan saw bone, so that the saw teeth are exposed; when the trepan head leaves the solid working surface of the drill sawing bone, the protective cover pops up, and the saw teeth of the drill bit are shielded by the protective cover again, so that the safety protection of the electric drilling tool with safety is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a ring saw with a built-in limiting sleeve according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a trepan with a built-in limiting sleeve according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of an external fixation sleeve according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a trepan with a built-in limiting sleeve according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional exploded view of a trepan with a built-in rotation limiting sleeve in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the trepan drill bit coupled to an outer sleeve according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the connection of the front end and the outer sleeve in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the trephine bit coupled to the front end serration in accordance with example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an inner rotary trephine in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the connection of the cross coupling block housing and the coupling yoke pin of the internal rotary trephine according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic view of a rotary structure of an electric rotary tool according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a side view of an electric rotary tool according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing a rotary structure of a coupling sleeve in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a side view of a coupling sleeve according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross coupling module sleeve and a coupling sleeve according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the connection assembly of the cross coupling module sleeve and the coupling sleeve in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic structural view of example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is an exploded view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 24 is a schematic structural view of a detachable portion of the front end of the sleeve trepan in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 25 is a structural sectional view (one) of a retractable elastic protection cover variation mechanism in embodiment 3 of the invention;

fig. 26 is a structural sectional view (ii) of a retractable elastic protection cover variation mechanism in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a mouse skull double-hole definitive bone defect model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a top view of a mouse skull double-hole definitive bone defect model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 29 is a sectional view of a mouse skull double-hole definitive bone defect model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 30 is a front cross-sectional view of a stop collar trepan and skull bone defect model cut in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 31 is a schematic structural view of a skull bone defect model cut by a circular saw of a limiting sleeve according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 32 is a schematic view of a stop collar trephine embodiment of the present invention shown removed from a skull bone defect model;

FIG. 33 is a schematic structural view of the stop sleeve of the present invention after trepan cutting of the skull bone defect model;

reference numbers in the figures: a stop sleeve trepan 100, a trepan drill bit 102, a connection handle 104, a cross coupling module sleeve 106, a coupling fork pin 107, a sleeve bearing 108, an outer sleeve 110, an electric motor housing 111, a ball bearing 112, an air tunnel 114, a screw 118, a nut notch 120, a spacing 122, a transverse gap 124, a knurl 126, a gap 128, a front end serration 130, a rear thread 132, a front thread 304, an electric rotary tool 200, a coupling sleeve 202, a clutch groove 204, a rotating shaft 206, a sleeve body 300, a sleeve front end 302, a telescopic protection cover 400, an embedded sleeve 404, a stop bolt 402, a spring 406, a cutting depth 122a, a front stop gap 408a, a rear stop gap 408b, a skull seam 501, a bone defect 502, a parietal bone 503, artificial bone material 504, an external bone mold 505, a scalp 506, a dura 507, a skull plate 508, a brain 509, a sleeve rear end 1100, and a front thread 3040.

Detailed Description

The magic cube type storage box will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-4, a limit sleeve trepan for implementing experimental animal skull bone defect model operation comprises a rotary trepan device, an electric motor rotating mechanism and at least one outer sleeve 110; the external outer sleeve 110 protects the trephine of the internal rotary trephine device from injuring the surrounding tissue of the operator and the surgical site; the front end of the sleeve close to the trepan drill bit 102 can be tightly held by one hand as much as possible during operation, so that the trepan drill bit 102 can be stably aligned and held when drilling a saw bone; the rotary trepan device is sleeved in the outer sleeve 110 and is driven to rotate by the electric motor rotating mechanism; the rotary trephine device comprises a trephine bit 102, a shank 104, a cross coupling module sleeve 106 and a coupling fork pin 107; the trephine bit 102 is connected to the shank 104. the shank 104 is connected to a shaft 206 within the electric motor rotation mechanism, and the shaft 206 connects the cross coupling module housing 106 and the coupling fork pin 107.

As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of outer sleeves 110 are provided, and adjacent outer sleeves 110 are screwed by the rear threads 132 and the front threads 304; by providing multiple outer sleeves 110, the depth of the trephine bone drilled can be varied considerably, i.e. the shortening screw can be increased by different lengths of sleeve or by rotation relative to another sleeve portion and then locked with a detent pin or releasable button.

As shown in FIGS. 5-15, the forward end of the trepan drill 102 is formed with forward end serrations 130, the forward end serrations 130 extending beyond the forward most end of the outer sleeve 110; the rear end of the trepan drill 102 is formed with an extension screw 118, and correspondingly, the connecting handle 104 is formed with a nut notch 120 matched with the extension screw 118; the extension screw 118 is threaded into the nut recess 120; with this arrangement, the extension screw 118 is threaded into the nut notch 120 so that the trepan drill bit 102 can be replaced and the clearance 128 of the screw nut can be precisely adjusted, such as by adding a different washer of a thin thickness, to precisely control the depth of the trepan drill saw bone.

At least one sleeve bearing 108 is arranged between the outer sleeve 110 and the connecting handle 104, the sleeve bearing 108 is close to the rear end part of the trepan drill bit 102, a ball bearing 112 is arranged between the connecting handle 104 and the electric motor rotating mechanism, and the ball bearing 112 and the sleeve bearing 108 are used for positioning the stability of the trepan drill bit 102; inside the outer sleeve 110, sleeve bearings 108 and ball bearings 112 help secure the inner trephine, which has at least one sliding bearing 108 at its front end, allowing the inner trephine bit to rotate concentrically at high speed. The sliding bearing 108 is used in the front end area of the trepan, so that the diameter of the front end head of the sleeve trepan is smaller, the smallest working area as possible during drilling and sawing operations is ensured, and the effective working area of the trepan is easy to clean; the shank 104 of the trephine is connected to the end of the motor shaft and has at least one ball bearing 112, where the ball bearing is selected to help stabilize and frictionally bear the shaft during high speed rotation in a high load position and to lock the depth of the drill bit to a defined working depth to prevent the bit from retracting inwardly or extending excessively; further, the joint between the sleeve tail end and the electric motor has a large diameter, and the ball bearing and the lip seal are used.

A transverse gap 124 is left between the inner wall of the outer sleeve 110 and the outer wall of the trephine bit 102 to allow rotation of the outer wall of the trephine bit without contacting the inner wall of the sleeve, the size of the transverse gap 124 may be in the order of a micron or millimeter in number, the transverse gap may be air filled, or saline, or a friction reducing material such as a self-lubricating polymer (when such a material is suitable for operation).

A plurality of air tunnels 114 are formed on the wall of the outer sleeve 110; the air tunnel 114 provides airflow drive at high rotational speeds of the internal trephine to assist in air flow and cooling of the interior of the trephine during high rotational speeds of the drill hole and to facilitate clean cleaning of the interior of the sleeve trephine.

The outer sleeve 110 is formed with a knurling 126 on the forward end thereof and the surface of the forward end of the sleeve that contacts the bone-drilling surface may be knurled 126 to reduce slippage during drilling of the bone-drilling surface during surgery and to provide air flow and fluid flow to the forward end of the sleeve that contacts the bone-drilling surface during drilling of the bone.

As shown in fig. 16 to 21, the electric motor rotation mechanism includes an electric motor housing 111 and an electric rotary tool 200; the electric rotary tool 200 includes a rotary shaft 206 and a coupling sleeve 202; a clutch groove 204 is formed on the coupling sleeve 202, the cross coupling module sleeve 106 is connected with the coupling sleeve 202, the coupling fork pin 107 is connected in the clutch groove 204 of the coupling sleeve 202, and the clutch groove 204 is a fan-shaped opening; the stop sleeve trepan 100 is inserted and connected with the cross coupling module sleeve 106 and the clutch groove 204 module on the rotating shaft 206 of the electric rotating tool 200, so that the stop sleeve trepan 100 is easy to load and unload. During actual assembling and disassembling operation, the cross coupling module sleeve 106 of the limiting sleeve trepan 100 can easily slide into the coupling sleeve 202 of the rotating shaft 206 of the electric motor rotor, and the coupling fork pin 107 freely enters the fan-shaped opening clutch groove 204 of the coupling sleeve 202, so that the fan-shaped modular embedded coupling connection is very easy to assemble and disassemble for user operation, and the embedded coupling of the cross coupling module sleeve and the coupling fork pin does not need to be carefully adjusted in a positioning way, and only the tail end thread of the trepan is screwed on the head end thread of the electric rotating tool; the outer wall portion of the outer sleeve 110 may be knurled to facilitate the insertion and removal of the rotary trephine by hand during surgery.

27-28, which are schematic structural diagrams of a mouse skull double-hole limited bone defect model according to an embodiment of the invention; comprises a skull suture 501, a bone defect 502, a parietal bone 503 and an artificial bone material 504, and is a mouse skull double-hole limited bone defect model developed by establishing a laboratory mouse limited bone defect model with the aim of medical bioengineering experimental research.

FIG. 29 is a sectional view of a mouse skull double-hole definitive bone defect model according to an embodiment of the present invention; including the exoskeletal mold 505, scalp 506, dura 507, skull plate 508 and brain 509, it is not easy to drill a bone defect of standard volume on the dome of the mouse skull. In any case, the dural tissue under the skull cannot be injured.

FIG. 30 is a front cross-sectional view of a stop collar trepan and skull bone defect model cut in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; the stop collar trepan 100 can very accurately limit the depth of the bone that the drill bit drills to cut a skull bone defect of a standard size. It can be seen that the stop collar ring saw head is mainly composed of two parts: a fixed outer sleeve 110 and an inner trepan drill 102.

FIG. 31 is a schematic structural view of a skull bone defect model cut by a circular saw of a limiting sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention; the outer sleeve 110 of the trephine bit 102, which is stationary during the drilling and sawing operation, wraps around the inner rotary trephine, exposing only the leading edge of the teeth at the effective working depth of the drill saw. The outer sleeve 110 achieves three primary objectives: protecting the operator from being damaged by the high-speed rotary trephine in the operation; setting a target drilling depth of the drill saw to prevent the dura mater from being damaged due to too deep; prevents the drill head of the surrounding tissues of the operation area from being wound and damaged, and simultaneously provides the operation stability of the drill saw head and the pulling and pulling force when drilling and sawing the bone.

FIG. 32 is a schematic view showing the structure of a stop sleeve trepan taken out of a skull bone defect model according to an embodiment of the present invention; the inner trephine bit 102 is limited in length to extend beyond the open end of the sleeve, allowing an operator to easily control the depth of the sawn bone without having to train a handle and control capability to ensure that the dura mater and brain tissue are not damaged during trephine surgery.

FIG. 33 is a schematic structural view of the stop sleeve of the embodiment of the present invention after trepan cutting of the skull bone defect model; the limit sleeve trepan 100 of the innovative design means that a common laboratory technician can easily master the bone drilling and sawing skill for developing the experimental animal skull double-hole limited bone defect model even on the top bone of a white mouse.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 22-24, the outer sleeve 110 includes a sleeve forward end 302 and a sleeve rearward end 1100; the sleeve front end 302 and the sleeve rear end 1100 are screwed or locked and connected by a screw 3040 or a bayonet of a positioning pin, wherein the flush part of the sleeve front end 302 and the rear end root of the trepan drill 102 are on the same vertical plane, and the sleeve front end 302 is made of plastic; the sleeve front end 302 and the built-in trepan drill 102 can be detached at the same time, so that the requirement of high-temperature sterilization can be conveniently taken off at the same time for effective working parts of the operation. In addition, for the convenience of clinical operation and the requirement of different skull plate punching depths, the front end 302 of the sleeve is made of plastic materials, and is made into complete sets of spare parts with different sequence lengths so as to be used for one-time use in the clinical operation.

The rest is described with reference to example 1.

Example 3:

a telescopic protective cover device 400 is arranged between the outer sleeve 110 and the trepan drill bit 102; the telescopic protection cover device 400 is moved relative to the outer sleeve 110 in the longitudinal direction of the outer sleeve 110 such that the telescopic protection cover device 400 is retracted when it contacts the drill-sawn bone surface; the trephine bit 102 is enclosed within an additional telescoping protective cover arrangement 400. The telescoping protective shield arrangement 400 ensures that the trephine bit 102 is not exposed when not in the trephine operating state.

The telescoping protective cover device 400 includes an embedded sleeve 404, a limit bolt 402 and a spring 406; the embedded sleeve 404 is driven by a spring 406 to move longitudinally, a guide groove is formed on the embedded sleeve 404, and the limiting bolt 402 penetrates through the outer sleeve 110 and abuts against the guide groove of the embedded sleeve 404; when the trepan drill bit 102 enters a drilling and sawing working state, a front limiting gap 408a is formed between the limiting bolt 402 and the guide groove; when the trepan drill bit 102 is not in the drill saw working state, a rear limit gap 408b is formed between the limit bolt 402 and the guide groove.

The trephine bit 102 is encased in an additional telescoping protective shield arrangement 400 in the inoperative position, coaxial with the outer sleeve 110 and encased by a fixed sleeve, with a spacer bolt 402 controlling the telescoping space equidistant from the target depth of cut 122 a. The insertion sleeve 404 may be moved relative to the outer sleeve 110 in the longitudinal direction of the outer sleeve 110 such that the insertion sleeve 404 retracts as it contacts the drill saw bone surface, the forward limiting gap 408a shifts rearwardly to the rearward limiting gap 408b, thereby exposing the leading edge of the trephine teeth; when the drill bit is removed from the drill saw bone body, the retractable cover is re-extended by the action of the spring 406 to cover the saw bit teeth 130.

The rest is described with reference to example 1 and example 2.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention; thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Although the reference numerals in the figures are used more here: a stop sleeve trepan 100, a trepan bit 102, a shank 104, a cross coupling module housing 106, a coupling yoke pin 107, a sleeve bearing 108, an outer sleeve 110, an electric motor housing 111, a ball bearing 112, an air tunnel 114, a threaded rod 118, a nut notch 120, a gap 122, a lateral gap 124, a knurl 126, a gap 128, a front end serration 130, a rear thread 132, the terms of the front thread 304, the electric rotary tool 200, the coupling sleeve 202, the clutch groove 204, the rotating shaft 206, the sleeve body 300, the sleeve front end 302, the telescopic protective cover 400, the embedded sleeve 404, the limit bolt 402, the spring 406, the cutting depth 122a, the front limit gap 408a, the rear limit gap 408b, the skull suture 501, the bone defect 502, the parietal bone 503, the artificial bone material 504, the external bone mold 505, the scalp 506, the dura 507, the skull plate 508, the brain 509, the sleeve rear end 1100, the front thread 3040, and the like, but do not exclude the possibility of using other terms; these terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a spacing sleeve trepan of implementation experimental animals skull bone defect model operation usefulness which characterized in that: comprising a rotary trepan arrangement, an electric motor rotation mechanism and at least one outer sleeve (110); the rotary trepan device is sleeved in the outer sleeve (110) and is driven to rotate by the electric motor rotating mechanism; the rotary trephine device comprises a trephine drill bit (102), a connecting handle (104), a cross coupling module sleeve (106) and a coupling fork pin (107); the trepan drill (102) is connected with a connecting handle (104), the connecting handle (104) is connected with a rotating shaft (206) in the electric motor rotating mechanism, and the rotating shaft (206) is connected with the cross coupling module sleeve (106) and the coupling fork pin (107).

2. The stop sleeve trepan for implementing the operation of the experimental animal skull bone defect model according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: the front end of the trepan drill bit (102) is provided with front end sawteeth (130), and the front end sawteeth (130) extend out of the most front end of the outer sleeve (110); an extension screw rod (118) is formed at the rear end of the trepan drill bit (102), and correspondingly, a nut notch (120) matched with the extension screw rod (118) is formed on the connecting handle (104); the extension screw (118) is screwed into the nut recess (120).

3. The stop sleeve trepan for implementing the operation of the experimental animal skull bone defect model according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: the electric motor rotating mechanism includes an electric motor housing (111) and an electric rotating tool (200); the electric rotary tool (200) comprises a rotating shaft (206) and a coupling sleeve (202); a clutch groove (204) is formed on the coupling sleeve (202), the cross coupling module sleeve (106) is connected with the coupling sleeve (202), the coupling fork pin (107) is connected into the clutch groove (204) of the coupling sleeve (202), and the clutch groove (204) is a fan-shaped opening.

4. The stop sleeve trepan for implementing the experimental animal skull bone defect model operation according to the claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: at least one sleeve bearing (108) is arranged between the outer sleeve (110) and the connecting handle (104), the sleeve bearing (108) is close to the rear end part of the trepan drill bit (102), a ball bearing (112) is arranged between the connecting handle (104) and the electric motor rotating mechanism, and the ball bearing (112) and the sleeve bearing (108) are used for positioning the trepan drill bit (102) stably.

5. The stop sleeve trepan for implementing the operation of the experimental animal skull bone defect model according to the claim 4, which is characterized in that: the outer sleeves (110) are provided in plurality, and adjacent outer sleeves (110) are screwed through the rear threads (132) and the front threads (304).

6. The stop sleeve trepan for implementing the operation of the experimental animal skull bone defect model according to the claim 5, which is characterized in that: a transverse gap (124) is reserved between the inner wall of the outer sleeve (110) and the outer wall of the trepan drill bit (102), and air, normal saline or antifriction materials are filled in the transverse gap (124).

7. The stop sleeve trepan for implementing the operation of the experimental animal skull bone defect model according to the claim 6, which is characterized in that: a plurality of wind tunnels (114) are formed on the wall of the outer sleeve (110); the outer sleeve (110) is formed with knurling (126) at a front end thereof.

8. The stop sleeve trepan for implementing the experimental animal skull bone defect model operation according to claim 1 or 7, which is characterized in that: the outer sleeve (110) comprises a sleeve front end (302) and a sleeve rear end (1100); the front end (302) of the sleeve and the rear end (1100) of the sleeve are connected in a screwing mode through threads (3040) or in a bayonet locking mode through positioning pins, wherein the flush part of the front end (302) of the sleeve and the root part of the rear end of the trepan drill bit (102) are located on the same vertical plane, and the front end (302) of the sleeve is made of plastic materials.

9. The stop sleeve trepan for implementing the experimental animal skull bone defect model operation according to claim 1 or 8, which is characterized in that: a telescopic protective cover device (400) is arranged between the outer sleeve (110) and the trepan drill bit (102); the telescopic shield arrangement (400) is moved relative to the outer sleeve (110) in the longitudinal direction of the outer sleeve (110) such that the telescopic shield arrangement (400) is retracted when it contacts the drill saw bone surface.

10. The stop collar trepan for implementing the operation of the experimental animal skull bone defect model according to the claim 9, which is characterized in that: the telescopic protective cover device (400) comprises an embedded sleeve (404), a limiting bolt (402) and a spring (406); the embedded sleeve (404) is driven by a spring (406) to move longitudinally, a guide groove is formed on the embedded sleeve (404), and a limiting bolt (402) penetrates through the outer sleeve (110) to abut against the guide groove of the embedded sleeve (404); when the trepan drill bit (102) enters a drilling and sawing working state, a front limiting gap (408a) is formed between the limiting bolt (402) and the guide groove; when the trepan drill bit (102) does not enter a drilling and sawing working state, a rear limiting gap (408b) is formed between the limiting bolt (402) and the guide groove.