CN113410592B - Base station, antenna and phase-shifting device - Google Patents
Base station, antenna and phase-shifting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113410592B CN113410592B CN202110631814.5A CN202110631814A CN113410592B CN 113410592 B CN113410592 B CN 113410592B CN 202110631814 A CN202110631814 A CN 202110631814A CN 113410592 B CN113410592 B CN 113410592B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a base station, an antenna and a phase shifting device, wherein the phase shifting device comprises a fixed dielectric plate, a movable dielectric plate and a limiting piece; the pivot end of the movable dielectric slab can be pivotally arranged on the fixed dielectric slab, the fixed dielectric slab is provided with a fixed transmission line, the fixed transmission line extends along the rotating motion path of the free end of the movable dielectric slab, and two ends of the fixed transmission line respectively form a signal output port; at least one surface of the movable dielectric slab is provided with a movable transmission line which is electrically conducted with the signal input port on the fixed dielectric slab; the limiting pieces are arranged above the fixed dielectric slab in parallel along the extending path of the fixed transmission line so as to define an arc-shaped gap for the free end of the movable dielectric slab to implement rotary motion to realize phase shifting together with the fixed transmission line. The phase shifting device has the advantages of compact integral structure, easy installation, small occupied space and good phase shifting performance, and is particularly suitable for 5G Mass I veM I MO electrically-tuned antennas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mobile communication, and particularly relates to a phase shifting device, an antenna provided with the phase shifting device and a base station provided with the antenna.
Background
In mobile communication, an electrically tunable antenna usually needs a phase shifter to change the phase difference of each array element, so as to control the spatial direction of a beam. Especially in the 5G MassiveMIMO electrically tunable antenna, because the antenna comprises a large number of sub-radiation units arranged in an array manner, each sub-radiation unit needs to carry out synchronous phase control, and the dosage of the phase shifter is huge. Therefore, how to design a phase shifter with simple structure, stable performance, low cost and high reliability becomes an urgent problem in the industry.
At present, a sector sliding type phase shifter is provided in the industry to solve the above problems, and the sector sliding type phase shifter has the advantages of simple circuit, small structural size, high phase shifting efficiency and the like, but the slidable guide arm and the fixed circuit are electrically connected by close coupling, and the change of the coupling gap can bring obvious fluctuation of electrical indexes and even influence the normal work of the electrically tunable antenna. At present, the method generally adopted in the industry is to stabilize the coupling connection structure by means of tight compression joint, but the method has the following hidden dangers: 1. the compression structure is in an actual working environment, and the elastic compression structure gradually creeps and loosens along with the change of time and temperature until failure; 2. the compression structure directly causes the push-pull force of the transmission structure to be increased, especially in a 5G MassiveMIMO electric tuning antenna, 32 groups of phase shifters are needed to be used simultaneously for a conventional 32TR electric tuning antenna, and the synthesized total push-pull force brings huge burden to the transmission structure, which affects the service life of the compression structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a phase shifting device to meet the requirement of 5G antenna.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an antenna.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a base station.
The invention is suitable for the purpose of the invention and adopts the following technical scheme:
the first objective of the present invention is to provide a phase shifter, which includes a fixed dielectric plate, a movable dielectric plate and a position-limiting member;
the pivot end of the movable dielectric slab can be pivotally arranged on the fixed dielectric slab, a fixed transmission line is arranged on the fixed dielectric slab, the fixed transmission line extends along the rotating motion path of the free end of the movable dielectric slab, and two ends of the fixed transmission line respectively form a signal output port;
at least one surface of the movable dielectric slab is provided with a movable transmission line which is electrically conducted with a signal input port on the fixed dielectric slab, and the movable transmission line is electrically coupled with the fixed transmission line;
the limiting pieces are arranged above the fixed dielectric slab in parallel along the extending path of the fixed transmission line so as to define an arc-shaped gap for the free end of the movable dielectric slab to implement rotary motion to realize phase shifting together with the fixed transmission line.
Furthermore, the limiting part is matched with the fixed transmission line and is in an arc plate shape, a plurality of feet are arranged on the limiting part in the direction towards the fixed transmission line, and the limiting part is fixedly connected with the fixed dielectric slab through the feet.
Preferably, the outer edge of the limiting member is at least partially bent toward the fixed transmission line to form a bent portion for reinforcing the coupling with the edge of the movable transmission line.
Preferably, the limiting member has a lower surface facing the fixed dielectric plate, and the lower surface is covered with a metal material electrically connected to the fixed transmission line.
Preferably, the limiting member is made of metal.
Furthermore, the two surfaces of the movable dielectric plate are covered with metal materials which are electrically conducted with each other to form the movable transmission line.
Furthermore, the transmission line formed by the movable transmission line on any surface covered by the movable transmission line comprises a coupling section positioned at the free end and a port section positioned at the pivot end, and the radian of the coupling section is matched with that of the arc-shaped gap.
Furthermore, a pivot hole is formed in the pivot end of the movable medium plate, a through hole is correspondingly formed in the fixed medium plate, and the pivot hole and the through hole are penetrated through by a pivot shaft, so that the movable medium plate can be arranged in a pivot mode relative to the arc-shaped gap.
Specifically, the signal input port and the two signal output ports are extended and arranged on the same axis of the fixed dielectric plate.
Specifically, the fixed dielectric plate is provided with insertion holes adapted to the signal output port and the signal input port, so that each port on one surface of the fixed dielectric plate is led to and formed on the other surface of the fixed dielectric plate, and when the fixed dielectric plate is assembled with an external mounting plate, the fixed dielectric plate and the mounting plate are fixed in parallel, and signals are allowed to be input and output from the other surface of the fixed dielectric plate.
Furthermore, the signal output port and the signal input port are led to the same side edge of the fixed dielectric plate to form a plug pin, so that when the fixed dielectric plate is assembled with an external mounting plate, each plug pin is inserted into a corresponding connecting hole reserved in the mounting plate, and the fixed dielectric plate is vertically inserted and installed.
The present invention further provides an antenna, which is adapted to the second objective of the present invention, and includes a reflector, a power distribution network for feeding a plurality of radiation units in the same array in parallel, and the power distribution network further includes a phase shifting device according to the first objective, wherein the phase shifting device is configured to control a phase shift of a polarized signal of the array, two paths of signals with different phases output after the phase shift are respectively transmitted to the corresponding radiation units, and the reflector is used as an external mounting plate of the phase shifting device for the phase shifting device to be mounted and fixed.
In accordance with a further object of the invention, a base station is provided, comprising an antenna according to the next object.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the free end of the movable dielectric plate of the phase shifting device can freely rotate relative to the arc-shaped gap, so that the movable transmission line can change the distance between the movable transmission line and two signal output ports of the fixed transmission line, the length of an electric transmission path between the movable transmission line and the two signal output ports is changed, and the phase of two signals output through the two signal output ports is changed.
The arc-shaped gap of the phase shifting device can limit the up-and-down fluctuation of the free end of the movable medium plate in the arc-shaped gap, so that the movable medium plate can stably rotate in the arc-shaped gap, the phase shifting device can stably shift the phase when the phase shifting device shifts the phase, and the phase-shifted output signal cannot have large fluctuation.
The phase shifting device solves the problems that the traditional phase shifter is complex to install and has various parts when being applied to a Massive MIMO antenna, and reduces the difficulty of the assembly and the production of the whole antenna. Meanwhile, a certain gap is reserved between the fixed transmission line and the movable transmission line of the phase shifting device, close fitting is not needed, the stability of the circuit performance of the phase shifting device is improved, and the relative abrasion and the push-pull resistance between the movable dielectric plate and the fixed dielectric plate can be reduced.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase shift device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a phase shifting device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a side view schematically illustrating a phase shifting apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase shifter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, which is mounted on a reflector plate and a power dividing circuit board.
Fig. 5 is an exploded view of a phase shifter, a reflector and a power dividing circuit board according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase shifting device mounted on a power dividing circuit board according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an exploded view of a phase shifter and a power dividing circuit board according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes all or any element and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The invention provides a phase shifting device which is simple in structure, convenient to install on an external installation plate and stable in phase shifting performance.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the phase shifting device 10 includes a fixed dielectric plate 20, a movable dielectric plate 30 and a limiting member 40. The movable dielectric plate 30 is pivotally disposed on the fixed dielectric plate 20 and can perform a pivotal motion on the fixed dielectric plate 20 to change the relative length of the two phase-shifting transmission paths of the phase-shifting device 10, and divide the input signal fed into the phase-shifting device 10 into two different signal paths for outputting.
The fixed dielectric plate 20 provides a reference plane 21, is provided with a fixed transmission line 22 and is provided with a signal input port 23. The fixed transmission line 22 and the signal input port 23 are disposed on the reference plane 21 of the fixed dielectric slab 20, and two ends of the fixed transmission line 22 respectively form a signal output port 221.
The movable dielectric plate 30 is disposed on the reference surface 21 of the fixed dielectric plate 20, and the movable dielectric plate 30 includes a free end 31, a pivot end 32, and a connecting section 33 for connecting the free end 31 and the pivot end 32.
A through hole is arranged on the pivot end 32 and is called a pivot hole 34; a through hole is arranged on the fixed medium plate 20 corresponding to the pivot hole 34, and the through hole is called a matching hole 24; the phase shift device 10 has a pivot shaft 50 for simultaneously penetrating the pivot hole 34 and the fitting hole 24 to realize the pivotal movement of the movable medium plate 30 relative to the fixed medium plate 20 about the pivot shaft 50. The signal input port 23 is disposed at the matching hole 24, so that an externally fed signal is input to the movable transmission line 35 on the movable dielectric plate 30 through the signal input port 23.
The free end 31 of the movable dielectric slab 30 rotates around the pivot shaft 50, and the fixed transmission line 22 disposed on the fixed dielectric slab 20 is disposed along the rotation path of the free end 31, so that the fixed transmission line 22 is in an arc-segment shape corresponding to the rotation path of the free end 31.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the limiting element 40 is disposed on the reference plane 21 of the fixed dielectric slab 20, the limiting element 40 is disposed above the fixed dielectric slab 20 in parallel along the extending path of the fixed transmission line 22 to define an arc-shaped gap 60 for the free end 31 of the movable dielectric slab 30 to perform a rotational motion together with the fixed transmission line 22, and the arc-shaped gap 60 is used to limit the movement of the free end 31 in the thickness direction of the fixed dielectric slab 20, so that the free end 31 is stabilized in the arc-shaped gap 60 to perform a rotational motion without severe fluctuation. Preferably, the limiting member 40 is made of a metal material, a dielectric material or a plastic material.
Specifically, the limiting member 40 and the fixed transmission line 22 are formed in an arc plate shape, the limiting member 40 is provided with a plurality of legs 41 in a direction toward the fixed transmission line 22, and the limiting member 40 is fixedly connected to the fixed dielectric plate 20 through the plurality of legs 41. Generally, the leg 41 is fixed to the fixed dielectric plate 20 by a fixing method such as welding or screwing.
In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the position-limiting element 40 is made of a metal material, the position-limiting element 40 made of a metal material and having an arc-shaped plate shape forms a part of the fixed transmission line 22, another coupling surface is provided to enhance the coupling between the fixed transmission line 22 and the movable transmission line 35, and the signals obtained by the coupling are output to the fixed transmission line 22 through the pins 41 located at the two ends of the fixed transmission line 22.
The movable dielectric slab 30 is provided with a movable transmission line 35, the movable transmission line 35 is arranged on at least one surface of the movable dielectric slab 30, the part of the movable transmission line 35, which is positioned at the free end 31, can be electrically coupled with the fixed transmission line 22, an external signal is input to the movable transmission line 35 through the signal input port 23, is coupled to the fixed transmission line 22 through the movable transmission line 35, and is divided into two paths, and the two paths of signals are output through the two signal output ports 221 at the two ends of the fixed transmission line 22 respectively. Because the total length of the transmission path through which the two output signals travel is fixed, and the length of the transmission path through which one output signal travels inevitably results in the length of the transmission path through which the other output signal travels being shortened according to the position of the movable transmission line 35. Therefore, the positive change of the phase of one output signal synchronously leads to the reverse change of the phase of the other signal, and the two signals form an inverse transformation relation.
Therefore, by rotating the movable dielectric plate 30, the distance between the free end 31 and the two ends of the fixed transmission line 22 changes, that is, the distance between the movable transmission line 35 and the two signal output ports 221 of the fixed transmission line 22 changes, so that the length of the electrical transmission path traveled by the two signals is changed, and the phase of the signal output through the two signal output ports 221 is changed.
In order to realize the electrical coupling relationship between the movable transmission line 35 and the fixed transmission line 22 and facilitate the relative movement thereof, a suitable gap is preferably reserved between the movable transmission line 35 and the fixed transmission line 22, and preferably, the surfaces of the movable transmission line 35 and the fixed transmission line 22 can be insulated from each other by an insulating material such as poly-tetrachloroethylene, however, the formation of these insulating materials can also be determined according to the metal material of the movable transmission line 35 and the fixed transmission line 22, for example, when the metal material is aluminum, the insulating material can be formed by anodizing the oxide layer. And equivalents thereof may be substituted for those skilled in the art based on the teachings of the invention disclosed herein.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the movable transmission line 35 covers two surfaces of the movable dielectric slab 30, the movable transmission line 35 includes a first transmission line 351 disposed on the upper surface 36 of the movable dielectric slab 30 and a second transmission line 352 disposed on the lower surface 37 of the movable dielectric slab 30, the first transmission line 351 and the second transmission line 352 are electrically connected to each other through a plurality of vias 38 disposed on the movable dielectric slab 30, and the first transmission line 351 and the second transmission line 352 jointly form the movable transmission line 35. Preferably, the shapes of the first transmission line 351 and the second transmission line 352 are symmetrical with respect to a geometric center plane of each other.
The upper surface 36 of the movable medium plate 30 faces the reference surface 21 of the fixed medium plate 20, and the lower surface 37 of the movable medium plate 30 faces the reference surface 21 of the fixed medium plate 20. The second transmission line 352 disposed on the lower surface 37 of the movable dielectric slab 30 may be coupled to the fixed transmission line 22 on the reference surface 21 of the fixed dielectric slab 20, and the first transmission line 351 disposed on the upper surface 36 of the movable dielectric slab 30 may also be coupled to the fixed transmission line 22, so that the movable transmission line 35 and the fixed transmission line 22 have a stronger coupling performance, and the coupling efficiency is improved.
The portion of the front end of the movable transmission line 35 for coupling with the fixed transmission line 22 is referred to as an arc coupling section 353, and the shape of the arc coupling section 353 matches the shape of the fixed transmission line 22, so that the arc coupling section 353 is coupled with the fixed transmission line 22, and the coupling performance is improved. Preferably, the arc coupling section 353 has an arc section shape, and the arc of the arc coupling section 353 is the same as the arc of the fixed transmission line 22.
The arc coupling segment 353 includes a first coupling segment 3531 disposed on the first transmission line 351 and a second coupling segment 3532 disposed on the second transmission line 352, that is, the first coupling segment 3531 is disposed on the upper surface 36 of the movable dielectric plate 30, and the second coupling segment 3532 is disposed on the lower surface 37 of the movable dielectric plate 30. The first coupling section 3531 and the second coupling section 3532 have the same shape as the fixed transmission line 22, and the radians of the first coupling section 3531 and the second coupling section 3532 have the same radians as the fixed transmission line 22, so that the first coupling section 3531 and the second coupling section 3532 are respectively coupled with the fixed transmission line 22, and the coupling performance of the arc coupling section 353 and the fixed transmission line 22 is improved. Preferably, the shapes of the first coupling segment 3531 and the second coupling segment 3532 are symmetrical with respect to the geometric center plane of each other.
Meanwhile, since the limiting member 40 is made of a metal material, the first coupling segment 3531 disposed on the upper surface 36 of the movable dielectric plate 30 can be coupled with the facing plate-shaped limiting member 40, and the limiting member 40 outputs the signal obtained by coupling to the fixed transmission line 22 through the foot 41 thereof. In one embodiment, the lower surface of the plate-shaped position-limiting element 40 facing the fixed dielectric plate 20 may be covered with a metal material, and the metal material is electrically connected to the fixed transmission line 22 to form a part of the fixed transmission line 22, so that the first coupling segment 3531 is also coupled to the metal material, thereby the signal on the movable transmission line 30 can be coupled to the fixed transmission line 22 on both sides. Similarly, the second coupling segment 3532 can also be coupled to the limiting member 40 or the metal material on the limiting member.
The arc coupling section 353 is disposed on the free end 31, the shape of the free end 31 matches with the shape of the arc coupling section 353 to form an arc segment, and the radian of the free end 31 matches with the radian of the fixed transmission line 22 and the radian of the limiting member 40, so that the free end 31 freely rotates in the arc gap 60 defined by the fixed transmission line 22 and the limiting member 40.
The movable transmission line 35 further includes a port connecting section 354 electrically connected to the signal input port 23, and the port connecting section 354 is disposed at the pivot end 32 of the movable dielectric plate 30. The port connecting section 354 includes a first port section 3541 disposed on the first transmission line 351 and a second port section 3542 disposed on the second transmission line 352, and the pivot end 32 is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed vias 38, so that the current fed into the port connecting section 354 can be conducted between the first port section 3541 and the second port section 3542. Preferably, the shape of the first port section 3541 and the shape of the second port section 3542 are symmetrical about a geometric center plane of each other.
The movable transmission line 35 further includes a matching section 355 for connecting the port connecting section 354 and the circular-arc coupling section 353. The matching section 355 includes a first matching section 3551 disposed on the first transmission line 351 and a second matching section 3552 disposed on the second transmission line 352. Preferably, the shape of the first matching section 3551 and the shape of the second matching section 3552 are symmetrical with respect to the geometric center plane of each other. In some embodiments, the first matching section 3551 and the second matching section 3552 may be hollowed out to form matching grooves for impedance matching.
In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, for convenience of describing the two signal output ports 221 of the fixed transmission line 22, the two signal output ports 221 are referred to as a first signal output port 2211 and a second signal output port 2212, respectively. After the movable transmission line 35 couples the signal to the fixed transmission line 22, the signal is divided into two paths, which is called the position of the signal shunt on the fixed transmission line 22 as a shunt end, that is, the fixed transmission line 22 is divided into two branches, which is called the branch inputting the coupled signal via the shunt end, and the branch outputting the signal via the first signal output port 2211 is a first fixed transmission branch; the branch circuit which inputs the coupling signal through the branch end and outputs the signal through the second signal output port 2212 is called a second fixed transmission branch circuit; the movable transmission line 35 and the first fixed transmission branch form a first phase shifting branch, and the movable transmission line 35 and the second fixed transmission branch form a second phase shifting branch.
The relative lengths of the first and second fixed transmission branches change with rotation of the free end 31 in the arc-shaped slot 60 to change the lengths of the relative electrical transmission paths of the first and second phase-shifting branches, thereby changing the relative phases of the signal output through the first signal output port 2211 and the signal output through the second signal output port 2212.
Specifically, when the free end 31 of the movable dielectric plate 30 is located at the middle position of the arc-shaped slot 60, the lengths of the first fixed transmission branch and the second fixed transmission branch are the same, that is, the lengths of the first phase-shifting branch and the second phase-shifting branch are the same, an external signal is fed into the movable transmission line 35 through the signal input port 23, coupled and output to the first fixed transmission branch and the second fixed transmission branch through the movable transmission line 35, and the phase of a signal fed out from the first signal output port 2211 of the branch of the first fixed transmission line 22 is equal to the phase of a signal fed out from the second signal output port 2212 of the second fixed transmission branch.
When the movable medium plate 30 is rotated so that the free end 31 of the movable medium plate 30 is positioned closer to the first signal output port 2211 than the second signal output port 2212 in the arc-shaped slit 60, the length of the first fixed transmission branch is less than that of the second fixed transmission branch, that is, the length of the first phase-shifting branch is less than that of the second phase-shifting branch, an external signal is fed into the movable transmission line 35 through the signal input port 23, and is coupled and output to the first fixed transmission branch and the second fixed transmission branch through the movable transmission line 35, respectively, because the length of the first fixed transmission branch is less than that of the second fixed transmission branch, the time for outputting the signal to the second signal output port 2212 is delayed with respect to the time for outputting the signal to the first signal output port 2211, so that the signal output to the first signal output port 2211 has a relative phase difference with the signal output to the second signal output port 2212.
The specific phase shifting principle when the position of the free end 31 of the movable dielectric plate 30 in the arc-shaped slot 60 is closer to the second signal output port 2212 than the first signal output port 2211 can be analogized from the specific phase shifting principle when the position of the free end 31 of the movable dielectric plate 30 in the arc-shaped slot 60 is closer to the first signal output port 2211 than the second signal output port 2212, and thus the description is omitted for brevity.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the signal input port 23, the first signal output port 2211 and the second signal output port 2212 are extended and disposed on the same axis of the fixed dielectric plate 20, so that the phase shifting device 10 is mounted on an external mounting board.
Specifically, the fixed dielectric plate 20 has plug holes 70 at the signal input port 23, the first signal output port 2211 and the second signal output port 2212, and the signal input port 23, the first signal output port 2211 and the second signal output port 2212 can extend to the same axis, so that the three plug holes 70 corresponding to the three ports are disposed on the same axis. The insertion holes 70 penetrate the fixed dielectric plate 20, and when the external mounting plate is disposed in parallel below the fixed dielectric plate 20, the phase shift device 10 can penetrate the insertion holes 70 by fixing members such as screws 71 to be fixedly connected to the external mounting plate. In some embodiments, the signal input port 23, the first signal output port 2211 and the second signal output port 2212 do not need to be disposed on the same axis, so that the three insertion holes 70 corresponding to the three ports may not need to be disposed on the same axis.
In another embodiment, referring to fig. 6 and fig. 7, the fixed dielectric plate 20 is correspondingly provided with the plug pins 80 at the signal input port 23, the first signal output port 2211 and the second signal output port 2212, so that the phase shifting device 10 can be plugged onto an external mounting board through the three plug pins 80.
The signal input port 23, the first signal output port 2211 and the second signal output port 2212 are all extended and arranged on the same axis. Specifically, the signal input port 23, the first signal output port 2211 and the second signal output port 2212 are led to the same side edge of the fixed dielectric slab 20, and three plugging pins 80 are correspondingly formed at the three ports, so that the phase shifting device 10 can be vertically plugged into three fixing holes 1001 reserved in an external mounting board through the three plugging pins 80, and the phase shifting device 10 can be vertically plugged and mounted on the external mounting board. Preferably, the inserting pins 80 are provided with a buckle, and the buckle can be fastened with the fixing holes 1001, so that the phase shifting device 10 can be quickly fastened and fixed with an external mounting plate.
In another embodiment, the signal input port 23, the first signal output port 2211 and the second signal output port 2212 can be led to the back surface of the fixed dielectric plate 20, and the plugging pins 80 are disposed on the back surface of the fixed dielectric plate 20 corresponding to the three ports, so that the phase shift device 10 can be plugged onto an external mounting board parallel to the fixed dielectric plate 20.
In one embodiment, one of the edges of the limiting member 40 along the length direction thereof is at least partially bent toward the fixed transmission line 22 to form a bent portion for enhancing the coupling with the edge of the movable transmission line 35, and the bent portion is connected to the fixed transmission line 22 for conduction. By providing the bending portion on the limiting member 40, the coupling efficiency between the limiting member 40 and the movable transmission line 35 can be enhanced, and the coupling performance can be improved.
Further, the bent portion is formed by integrally bending the limiting member 40 along one of the edges of the length direction thereof toward the fixed transmission line 22, and the bent portion is connected to the fixed transmission line 22 for conduction, so that one of the side portions of the arc-shaped gap 60 defined by the limiting member 40 and the fixed transmission line 22 is closed, and the arc-shaped gap is transited to an arc-shaped groove. The arc-shaped groove can effectively limit the movement of the movable dielectric plate 30 along the thickness of the fixed dielectric plate 20, and can enhance the structural strength of the connection and fixation of the limiting member 40 and the fixed dielectric plate 20. Preferably, the bent portion has an L-shaped groove shape in cross section.
Preferably, the lower surface of the limiting member 40 facing the fixed dielectric plate 20 and the side surface facing the movable dielectric plate 30 may be covered with metal materials, the two metal materials may be coupled to the movable transmission line 35, and the fixed transmission line 35 is disposed below the limiting member 40, so that the three inner slot walls of the arc-shaped slot may be coupled to the movable transmission line 35, thereby improving the coupling efficiency of the phase shifting device 10 and enhancing the phase shifting performance.
In one embodiment, the limiting member 40 has a flange 42 extending upward relative to the reference surface 21 on the upper surface thereof, and the flange 42 is disposed on the limiting member 40, so as to improve the structural strength of the limiting member 40, facilitate production and processing, and reduce burrs on the limiting member 40, thereby facilitating the rotational sliding of the movable dielectric plate 30 in the arc-shaped gap 60 defined between the limiting member 40 and the fixed dielectric plate 20.
In one embodiment, the fixed dielectric plate 20 is made of a dielectric material or a plastic material, and the fixed transmission line 22 and the signal input port 23 are made of a metal material. A ground plane is provided on the back surface of the fixed dielectric plate 20. The movable dielectric plate 30 is made of a dielectric material or a plastic material, two surfaces of the movable dielectric plate 30 are covered with a metal material to form a movable transmission line 35, and a plurality of through holes 38 are uniformly distributed on the movable dielectric plate 30 so as to facilitate the metal materials arranged on the two surfaces of the movable dielectric plate 30 to be mutually communicated.
In one embodiment, the signal input port 23 is electrically connected or coupled to the movable transmission line 35 on the movable dielectric plate 30.
The invention also provides an antenna, which comprises a reflecting plate 90 for installing a radiation array and a power distribution network for parallel feeding of the radiation units, wherein the power distribution network comprises the phase shifting device 10 and a power distribution circuit board 100 for arranging transmission lines or microstrip lines according to any one of the embodiments. The phase shifting device 10 is configured to control a phase of a polarized signal of the radiation array, after the polarized signal is fed into the phase shifting device 10, the phase shifting device 10 divides the polarized signal into two output signals with different phases, the two output signals with different phases are respectively output to corresponding radiation units, and the radiation units receive the output signals with corresponding phases and then externally emit radiation signals with corresponding phases.
With reference to fig. 4 and 5, the reflective plate 90 may serve as an external mounting plate of the phase shifting device 10, and the phase shifting device 10 may be fixed on the reflective plate 90 by a fixing connection or an insertion connection with screws 71. The phase shifting device 10 is disposed on the front surface of the reflection plate 90, the power distribution circuit board 100 is disposed on the back surface of the reflection plate 90, and the phase shifting device 10 is connected to the power distribution circuit board 100 by means of a screw 71, such as fixed connection or insertion connection, so that an external signal is input to the phase shifting device 10 through a power distribution line on the power distribution circuit board 100, and a signal phase-shifted by the phase shifting device 10 is output to the power distribution line of the power distribution circuit board 100.
In another embodiment, referring to fig. 6 and fig. 7, the power distribution circuit board 100 can be used as an external mounting board, the phase shifter 10 is inserted and fixed on the power distribution circuit board 100 through the plug pins 80, and the power distribution circuit board 100 is provided with fixing holes 1001 for the plug pins 80 to penetrate through.
The invention also provides a base station comprising the antenna.
In summary, the phase shifting apparatus of the present invention includes a fixed dielectric plate, a movable dielectric plate and a limiting member, wherein the limiting member and the fixed dielectric plate define together to form an arc-shaped gap for the movable dielectric plate to rotate and slide therein, so that the movable transmission line and the fixed transmission line can divide a signal fed into the phase shifting apparatus into two signals with different phases. The phase-shifting device has simple structure and circuit and better phase-shifting performance; the arrangement of the arc-shaped gap enables the movable medium plate not to fluctuate violently, the phase shifting stability of the phase shifting device is not affected, and the problem that the load force of a transmission structure of the phase shifting device is too large can be solved. In addition, the phase shifting device has compact integral structure, easy installation, small occupied space and good phase shifting performance, provides a guarantee of better electrical performance for the arrangement of high-performance mobile communication base station antennas and 5G large-scale antennas, and is easy to install on or dismantle from an external installation plate.
The foregoing description is only exemplary of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention according to the present invention is not limited to the specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also encompasses other embodiments in which any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents is possible without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. For example, the above features and (but not limited to) features having similar functions of the present invention are mutually replaced to form the technical solution.
Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims (13)
1. A phase shifter is characterized by comprising a fixed dielectric plate, a movable dielectric plate and a limiting piece;
the pivot end of the movable dielectric slab can be pivotally arranged on the fixed dielectric slab, a fixed transmission line is arranged on the fixed dielectric slab, the fixed transmission line extends along the rotating motion path of the free end of the movable dielectric slab, and two ends of the fixed transmission line respectively form a signal output port;
at least one surface of the movable dielectric slab is provided with a movable transmission line which is electrically conducted with a signal input port on the fixed dielectric slab, and the movable transmission line is electrically coupled with the fixed transmission line;
the limiting pieces are arranged above the fixed dielectric slab in parallel along the extending path of the fixed transmission line so as to define an arc-shaped gap for the free end of the movable dielectric slab to implement rotary motion to realize phase shifting together with the fixed transmission line.
2. The phase shifting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the position-limiting member is in the form of an arc plate matching the fixed transmission line, and a plurality of legs are provided on the position-limiting member in a direction toward the fixed transmission line, and are fixedly connected to the fixed dielectric plate through the legs.
3. The phase shifting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the outer edge of the position-limiting member is at least partially bent toward the fixed transmission line to form a bent portion for enhancing coupling with the edge of the movable transmission line.
4. The phase shifting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the position-limiting member has a lower surface facing the fixed dielectric plate, the lower surface is covered with a metal material, and the metal material is electrically connected to the fixed transmission line.
5. The phase shifting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the position-limiting member is made of metal.
6. The phase shifting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the movable transmission line is formed by covering both surfaces of the movable dielectric plate with metal materials electrically connected to each other.
7. The phase shifting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmission line formed on any one of the surfaces covered by the movable transmission line comprises a coupling section at the free end and a port section at the pivot end, the curvature of the coupling section matching the curvature of the arcuate slot.
8. The phase shifting device of claim 1, wherein a pivot hole is formed at a pivot end of the movable dielectric plate, a through hole is correspondingly formed in the fixed dielectric plate, and the pivot hole and the through hole are penetrated by a pivot shaft, so that the movable dielectric plate can be pivotally arranged relative to the arc-shaped gap.
9. The phase shift device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the signal input port and the two signal output ports are extended and disposed on the same axis of the fixed dielectric plate.
10. The phase shifting apparatus of claim 9, wherein the fixed dielectric plate is provided with insertion holes adapted to the signal output port and the signal input port, so that the ports on one side of the fixed dielectric plate are guided to and formed on the other side of the fixed dielectric plate, so as to fix the fixed dielectric plate in parallel with the external mounting plate when the fixed dielectric plate is assembled with the external mounting plate, thereby allowing signals to be input and output from the other side of the fixed dielectric plate.
11. The phase shifting apparatus of claim 9, wherein the signal output port and the signal input port are led to the same side edge of the fixed dielectric plate to form a plurality of pins, so that when the apparatus is assembled with an external mounting plate, each pin is inserted into a corresponding connecting hole reserved in the external mounting plate, thereby realizing the vertical insertion installation of the fixed dielectric plate.
12. An antenna, comprising a reflection plate and a power distribution network for feeding a plurality of radiation units in the same array in parallel, wherein the power distribution network further comprises a phase shifting device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, the phase shifting device is configured to control the phase shift of a polarized signal of the array, two signals with different phases output after the phase shift are respectively transmitted to the corresponding radiation units, and the reflection plate is used as an external mounting plate of the phase shifting device for the phase shifting device to be mounted and fixed.
13. A base station, characterized in that the base station comprises an antenna according to claim 12.
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| CN202110631814.5A CN113410592B (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-07 | Base station, antenna and phase-shifting device |
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