CN113402603B - 一种抗SARS-CoV-2病毒S1蛋白的禽源单链抗体及其应用 - Google Patents
一种抗SARS-CoV-2病毒S1蛋白的禽源单链抗体及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明通过噬菌体展示抗体库的筛选公开了一种针对新冠病毒SARS‑CoV‑2S1蛋白的单克隆抗体禽源单链抗体scFv,该单克隆抗体与SARS‑CoV‑2的棘突蛋白S1亚基特异性结合。本发明还以此单克隆抗体scFv为基础设计和生成了禽源IgY‑scFv抗体的小分子CDR‑FR融合模拟肽。本发明基于合成生物学与噬菌体展示技术,将突变导入抗体可变区的超可变区,并将此基因转至大肠杆菌中,从而构建了含有106种抗体的合成抗体库;本发明的噬菌体展示抗体库能够筛选获得具有特异性和检测功能的禽源scFv抗体,扩大了生物研究和医学诊断的有力资源;本发明筛选到的具有与新冠病毒S1蛋白高结合力的禽源scFv抗体,可以用于病毒的检测,检测方法简单、成本低廉,反应结果易于观察,特异性好,适合大范围推广应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及细胞免疫学、分子生物学技术领域,具体说是一种针对新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2 S1蛋白的单克隆抗体及其应用。
背景技术
SARS-CoV-2属于冠状病毒科(Coronaviridae)、正冠状病毒亚科(Orthocoronavirinae) 的β冠状病毒属(Coronavirus),与严重急性呼吸综合症相关冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)和中 东呼吸综合征相关冠状病毒(MERS-CoV)近缘,都会导致严重肺炎症状。该病毒经飞沫、 接触等途径传播,潜伏期患者即具备传播性。研究发现,新冠肺炎患者在病程早期、症状 轻微时即有极强的传染性。
SARS-CoV-2病毒直径为75-160纳米,其基因组为连续性单链RNA,依次编码核蛋白(nucleoprotein)、包膜蛋白(envelope protein)、膜蛋白(membrane protein)及棘突蛋白 (spike protein,又称S protein或S蛋白),其中棘突蛋白是其表面最重要的蛋白,主要功能 为决定病毒的宿主范围和特异性,与宿主细胞膜受体结合并融合,实现对细胞的侵染。棘 突蛋白包括S1和S2两个亚基,S1中的受体结合区(receptor binding domain,RBD)与人类 SARS-CoV受体血管紧张素转化酶II(ACE2)分子互作,而S2则含有膜融合过程所需要的 基本元件,实现病毒与细胞的融合。从冠状病毒结构上看,棘突蛋白暴露于病毒表面,含 有大量的抗原决定簇,可以产生针对病毒的保护性抗。
单链抗体(single chain antibody fragment,scFv),是由抗体重链可变区和轻链可变区通 过15-20个氨基酸短肽(linker)连接而成。禽源单链抗体(IgY-scFv)具有更有效的病毒中 和效应,其优点是:可去除非特异性反应的竞争性表面蛋白,避免抗体检测假阳性;由于 IgY和IgG的结构差异和系统发育距离的原因,禽源scFv在哺乳动物体内免疫源性小;体 内循环半衰期短,易清楚,利于解毒排出;易于与毒素或酶基因连接,便于直接获得免疫 毒素或酶标抗体等用于快速检测,可以一定程度上弥补PCR检测过程消耗时长、检测流程 复杂,以及避免检测窗口期的问题。通过噬菌体展示文库选择针对靶标病原体具有更高亲 和力的scFv基因,在家禽中生产的抗体是产生scFv最简单、最方便和最有效的方法。这 种针对SARS-CoV-2S蛋白的禽源IgY-scFv生产方法将更加标准化、可重复性、并且适合 大规模生产,有效的抑制SARS-CoV-2与人体细胞膜上的ACE2结合,从而防止病毒进入宿主细胞进行复制。针对性的开发特异性抗体对用于SARS-CoV-2病原微生物抗原检测, 对于完善检测手段、丰富检测方法,提高检测结果的准确度、灵敏度和特异性有着非常重 要的帮助。
因此,亟需开发用于针对SARS-CoV-2病毒S1蛋白的禽源单链抗体。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明的目的是提供一种针对新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2S1蛋白的单克 隆抗体禽源scFv及其应用。
一种抗SARS-CoV-2病毒S1蛋白的禽源单链抗体,其特征在于,所述单链抗体能识别SARS-CoV-2病毒S1蛋白,包括重链可变区的互补决定区域CDRH1、CDRH2、CDRH3 和轻链可变区的互补决定区域CDRL1、CDRL2、CDRL3;
重链可变区的互补决定区域CDRH1、CDRH2、CDRH3的氨基酸序列分别如SEQ ID NO:1、SEQ ID NO:2、SEQ ID NO:3;
轻链可变区的互补决定区域CDRL1、CDRL2、CDRL3的氨基酸序列分别如SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5、SEQ ID NO:6。
一种抗SARS-CoV-2病毒S1蛋白的禽源单链抗体,其特征在于,氨基酸序列如SEQID NO:7所示;或者,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:8所示。
所述单链抗体还包括所述单链抗体的N端和/或C端连接标签得到的抗体。
一种分离的核酸分子,核酸分子包含SEQ ID NO:1、SEQ ID NO:2、SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5、SEQ ID NO:6之一的氨基酸序列。
一种禽源单链抗体的核酸分子,包括编码SEQ ID NO:7和SEQ ID NO:8的核酸分子。
一种抗SARS-CoV-2病毒S1蛋白的禽源单链抗体,开发了以CDR-FR结构域融合的模拟肽。
针对新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2的禽源单链抗体在制备新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2检测产品中 的应用。
本发明为实现上述目的,通过以下技术方案实现:
一种针对新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2的单克隆抗体禽源scFv,该scFv与新冠病毒 SARS-CoV-2棘突蛋白特异性结合;包括重链可变区的互补决定区域CDRH1、CDRH2、 CDRH3和轻链可变区的互补决定区域CDRL1、CDRL2、CDRL3;重链可变区的互补决定 区域CDRH1、CDRH2、CDRH3的氨基酸序列分别如SEQ ID NO:1、SEQ ID NO:2、SEQ ID NO:3;轻链可变区的互补决定区域CDRL1、CDRL2、CDRL3的氨基酸序列分别如 SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5、SEQ ID NO:6。
优选的一种针对新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2的单克隆抗体禽源scFv,所述scFv重链可变区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:7所示;所述轻链可变区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:8 所示。
本发明还包括一种分离的核酸分子,所述核酸分子编码上述任一项所述的单克隆抗体 禽源scFv。
本发明还包括一种包括上述的核酸分子的表达载体,除了前面所述的核酸分子之外, 表达载体还包括与所述核酸分子序列操作性相连的表达调控序列。
表达载体是指可将编码禽源scFv抗体的多聚核苷酸插入其中并使scFv抗体得到表达 的一种核酸运载工具。载体可通过转化、转导或转染宿主细胞,使其携带的遗传物质元件 在宿主细胞内得以表达。载体的种类包括本领域熟知的细菌质料、噬菌体、酵母质料、植 物细胞病毒、哺乳动物细胞病毒如腺病毒、逆转录病毒或其他载体。原则上,只要能在宿主体内复制和稳定,任何载体都可以用。在表达载体中,除了含有复制起点外,还可含有 标记基因和其他翻译调控元件。
本发明还包括一种包括上述核酸分子或上述的表达载体的宿主细胞。
表达禽源scFv抗体的宿主细胞可以是原核细胞,如细菌细胞;或是低等真核细胞,如 酵母细胞;或是高等真核细胞,如哺乳动物细胞。代表性例子有:大肠杆菌、链霉菌属;鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的细菌细胞;真菌细胞如酵母;植物细胞;果蝇S2或Sf9的昆虫细胞; CHO、COS、293细胞或Bowes黑素瘤细胞等动物细胞。
本发明还包括一种抗体模拟肽,以抗SARS-CoV-2病毒S1蛋白的禽源单链抗体scFv为基础,设计和生成了以CDR-FR结构域融合的模拟肽。
本发明还包括针对新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2的单克隆抗体禽源scFv在制备新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2检测产品中的应用。
所述检测产品包括但不限于检测试剂、试剂盒、芯片或试纸。凡是包括前面所述结合 分子的能够检测出SARS-CoV-2的检测产品均包括在本发明的范围之内。
本发明所用的术语“新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2”与“SARS-CoV-2病毒”、“新冠病 毒”“SARS-CoV-2”可以互换使用。
本发明所涉及的序列具体信息如下:
SEQ ID NO:1(即<210>1):
SGGGLQTPGGGLGLVCKAPGFSIGGYIMH
SEQ ID NO:2(即<210>2):
WVRQTPGKGLEYVAGIDAGGGVTWYGAAVKG
SEQ ID NO:3(即<210>3):
RATISRDNGQSTVRLQLNDLRAEDTGIYYCARSTGSDYYDWNYAGEIGA
SEQ ID NO:4(即<210>4):
SGGGGSALTQPSSVSANPGETVKITCSGGGSSSYYG
SEQ ID NO:5(即<210>5):
WYQQKSPGGAPVTVIYSNTGRPS
SEQ ID NO:6(即<210>6):
DIPSRFSGSKSGSTHTLTITGVQVDDEAVYYCGSEDSSTHDGI
SEQ ID NO:7(即<210>7):
SGGGLQTPGGGLGLVCKAPGFSIGGYIMHWVRQTPGKGLEYVAGIDAGGGVTWYGAAVKGRATISRDNGQSTVRLQLNDL
RAEDTGIYYCARSTGSDYYDWNYAGEIGAWGHGTEVIVSS
SEQ ID NO:8(即<210>8):
SGGGGSALTQPSSVSANPGETVKITCSGGGSSSYYGWYQQKSPGGAPVTVIYSNTGRPSDIPSRFSGSKSGSTHTLTITG
VQVDDEAVYYCGSEDSSTHDGIFGAGTTLTVLG
本发明的针对新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2的单克隆抗体禽源scFv,效价高、特异性强,可以高效表达,能与新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2表面的S1蛋白特异性结合,可用于新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2的检测。
噬菌体展示技术把外源DNA插入噬菌体编码外壳蛋白的基因中,使外源DNA片段对应的表达产物融合在噬菌体的外壳蛋白中形成融合蛋白,呈现在噬菌体表面。具有如下显著的优点:建立了基因型和表型之间直接的物理联系,从而使筛选简便高效。本发明从构建的噬菌体展示抗体库中筛选到了一株能够跟新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2的S1蛋白结合的禽 源scFv抗体,该抗体在新冠病毒的检测及减弱病毒毒性方面具有重要的应用价值。
附图说明
图1为禽抗体重链可变区(VL)、轻链可变区(VL)以及组装成scFv的PCR结果的 示意图;scFv基因的组装;
图2为从第四轮淘选滴度测定板上选10个Phage的ELISA结果示意图,NC为阴性对照PBS,C为空白对照CBS;ELISA检测scFv-Phage与S1蛋白的结合反应;
图3为选取的10个单克隆scFv氨基酸序列之间的比对示意图;10个单克隆scFv氨基酸序列相似性比对;
图4为与S1结合力最高单克隆噬菌体的scFv抗体聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)分析图;最高结合力的scFv的表达与纯化的SDS-PAGE;
图5为scFv与抗原S1蛋白特异性与灵敏性检测结果示意图;scFv抗体的灵敏性与特 异性检测。
具体实施方式
本发明的目的是提供一种针对新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2S1蛋白的单克隆抗体禽源scFv 及其应用,通过以下实施例进一步说明本发明。本发明的实施例用于说明而非限制,根据 本发明的实质对其进行的简单改进都属于要求保护的范围。
具体实施例1.新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2S1蛋白免疫
选取生产状态良好的60日龄未开产母鸡5只,将新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2S1蛋白与免疫佐剂等体积混合、乳化后,通过胸肌四点肌注对母鸡进行初次免疫,免疫剂量为200 μg/kg,免疫佐剂为完全弗氏佐剂。初次免疫14天后,母鸡依次进行四次加强免疫,每次 加强免疫的间隔时间为14天,加强免疫时,将S1蛋白与免疫佐剂等体积混合、乳化后, 通过胸肌四点肌注对母鸡进行加强免疫,免疫剂量为250μg/只,免疫佐剂为不完全弗氏佐 剂;
具体实施例2.禽源单链抗体的噬菌体抗体库的建立
待母鸡五次免疫完成后,收集其脾脏组织,-80℃储存;使用总RNA提取试剂盒提取脾脏组织的总RNA,对总RNA进行反转录,得到脾脏组织cDNA。使用两对特异性引物 以脾脏组织cDNA为模板分别扩增禽卵黄抗体(IgY)轻链可变区(VL)和重链可变区 (VH),接着使用重叠聚合酶链式反应组装成禽源单链抗体片段(scFv),其中两对特异性引 物包括引物HF-Sif I、引物HR-Linker、引物LF-Linker和引物LR-Not I:
将获得的禽源单链抗体片段scFv分别用限制性内切酶Sif I和Not I进行酶切,再将 pCANTAB5E噬菌粒载体分别用限制性内切酶Sif I和Not I进行酶切,将酶切产物经核酸胶回收后,使用T4 DNA连接酶将酶切后的禽源单链抗体片段scFv与酶切后的pCANTAB5E噬菌粒载体连接在一起。将连接产物转化入TG1大肠杆菌中,并将其涂布于 SOBAG固体培养基上,37℃,培养12小时,其中该SOBAG固体培养基中加入了2μL 氨苄霉素和400μL 20wt%的葡萄糖水溶液。将SOBAG固体培养基上的菌落用无菌磷酸盐 缓冲液(PBS)洗脱下来,加入等体积的100%灭菌甘油,即为TG1细菌抗体库,放入-80℃ 保存备用。
取3mL得到的TG1细菌抗体库加入到250mL 2×YT培养基中,37℃,持续震荡培养,该2×YT培养基含有5mL 20wt%的葡萄糖溶液。每隔一小时,用分光光度计测定培养基 的细菌浓度,待培养基的菌液OD600为0.4~0.6时,向培养基中加入1×1012pfu的M13KO7 辅助噬菌体及250μL的浓度为100mg/mL的氨苄霉素溶液,37℃,100转/分钟轻摇感染 0.5小时之后,再37℃,220转/分钟振荡培养0.5小时。将培养基5000g进行离心15分钟, 去上清,得到细菌沉淀,用500mL的2×YT培养基重悬细菌沉淀,37℃,250转/分钟振 荡培养过夜。将培养基以5 000g离心20分钟,将上清移至另一灭菌的锥形瓶中,再向该 锥形瓶中加入100mLPEG8000/NaCl,冰浴8小时以沉淀噬菌体。将锥形瓶中的溶液以 10000g,4℃离心20分钟,弃去上清,得到白色沉淀,用500μL无菌重悬白色沉淀,加 入等体积甘油保存于-80℃冰箱,此为噬菌体抗体库。
具体实施例3.噬菌体展示抗体库的淘筛
用碳酸盐缓冲液(CBS)包被新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2S1蛋白到酶标条中,4℃过夜孵育后,先用PBST(PBS中加入0.1%Tween 20)洗涤5次,拍干,再用PBS溶液洗涤5次, 拍干。用5%脱脂奶粉溶液加入到酶标条中,每孔200μL,37℃封闭处理2小时后,先用 PBST洗涤10次,拍干,再用PBS溶液洗涤10次,拍干。将2%脱脂奶粉溶液与噬菌体 抗体库混合室温去干扰化20分钟后,将混合溶液加入酶标条中,每孔200μL,37℃孵育2 小时后,先用PBST洗涤10次,拍干,再用PBS溶液洗涤10次,拍干。向酶标条中每孔 加入100μL甘氨酸盐酸(Gly-HCl)(pH 2.2),震荡8min,立即加入50μL三羟甲基氨基甲 烷-盐酸缓冲液(Tris-HCl)(pH 9.0)中和。
将酶标条中的液体全部吸出置于1.5mL灭菌离心管中,取出10μL用90μL灭菌PBS稀释保存在4℃,准备晚上用于滴度的测定,剩余的全部加入到5mL中处于对数生长期的TG1菌液中,37℃培养箱中静置30分钟,然后摇床中37℃220转/分钟摇30分钟。将培 养1小时后菌液全部倒入100mL 2YT-A培养基中,在摇床中37℃220转/分钟摇至 OD600=0.5-0.6时,向锥形瓶中加入M13辅助噬菌体M13KO7,37℃培养箱内静置15分钟, 摇床内37℃220转/分钟摇30分钟,5000g离心15分钟,收集菌体,用100mL 2YT-AK 培基重悬菌体,30℃250转/分钟过夜摇。次日将菌液分装到3个灭菌50mL离心管中,4℃ 10000g离心15分钟,将上清液转移到另外3个灭菌的50mL离心管中,然后加入 PEG/NaCl,在冰上静置10小时。10小时后,4℃10000g离心15分钟,弃上清,将沉淀 重悬于500μL灭菌PBS中,取10μL做滴度的测定,滴定结束后加等量甘油保存于-20℃, 标记为一级扩增库。
用同样方法将一级扩增库用于第二轮的淘筛,得到二级扩增库;将二级扩增库用于第 三轮的淘筛,得到三级扩增库;将三级扩增库用于第四轮的淘筛,向四级扩增库中加入100 甘油-80℃冻存。
具体实施例4.特异性单链抗体的表达和纯化
从第四轮淘选结束后的SOBAG固体培养基上随机挑取10个单克隆,分别于5mL 2×YT培养基中培养12小时,通过噬菌体酶联免疫吸附试验选取一株特异性抗新冠病毒 SARS-CoV-2S1蛋白单链抗体细菌株并获得基因,其中该2×YT培养基中含有氨苄霉素。
将获得的特异性抗新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2S1蛋白单链抗体基因和pET-30a载体分别经 限制性内切酶BamH I和Hind III进行酶切2小时得到酶切产物,通过T4 DNA连接酶将酶切产物连接在一起构成重组质粒,并将此重组质粒转化入BL21(DE3)感受态细胞。向感受态细胞中加入900μL无菌无抗LB培养基,混匀后于恒温摇床上37℃,220转/分钟复苏1 小时。将复苏1小时后的菌液以3000g离心后,弃去900μL上清,余下100μL混合物重 悬沉淀均匀涂布于LB固体培养基平板,37℃恒温倒置过夜培养。
次日从固体培养基平板上挑取单菌落接种于3mL LB液体培养基,于恒温摇床上37℃,220转/分钟振荡培养12小时得到菌液。然后以1:100转接到150mL LB培养基中,37℃,220转/分钟,振荡培养至菌液的OD600为0.6,向培养基中加入IPTG,37℃,220 转/分钟,振荡培养5小时。将菌液以12000g,4℃离心10分钟,收集菌体沉淀,使用PBS 洗涤菌体沉淀两次后,再用10mL PBS重悬沉淀得到混合液,然后置于冰上使用超声破碎 仪裂解菌体至菌液澄清。将得到的澄清菌液以12000g,4℃离心10分钟,收集上清并用 PBS重悬沉淀,得到特异性抗新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2S1蛋白禽源单链抗体scFv。
具体实施例5.scFv和SARS-CoV-2S1蛋白结合力的ELISA检测
以SARS-CoV-2S1蛋白作为抗原、scFv作为一抗、抗His标签单克隆抗体作为二抗,建立间接ELISA方法,优化抗原包被浓度、一抗稀释度、封闭液的孵育时间、二抗稀释度 和显色时间。
用CBS溶液将S1蛋白配制成不同稀释比例的稀释液,将稀释液100μL/孔加入96孔酶标板进行包被,4℃过夜孵育,弃孔内液体,PBST清洗4次;用2%BSA 300μL/孔进行 封闭,PBST清洗4次;加入不同稀释比例的scFv蛋白溶液,37℃孵育1.5小时,PBST 清洗4次;辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记的抗His标签单克隆抗体用PBS 1:5000稀释, 每孔加入100μL,37℃孵育1.5小时,PBST清洗4次;加入新鲜配制的TMB-H2O2底物 液100μL/孔,60℃水浴避光放置15分钟,PBST清洗4次,最后加入50μL 2M的H2SO4终止反应,在450nm波长处用酶标仪测其OD值,每孔重复三次。
具体实施例6.禽源单链抗体IgY-scFv模拟肽的设计与生成
利用针对SARS-CoV-2S1蛋白的单克隆抗体禽源单链抗体IgY-scFv的CDR和框架区序列,创建了一个抗体模拟肽,包括由两个相互作用的VH-(VHCDR1)和VL-(VLCDR3) 衍生的CDR,以及框架区(VHFR2)组成。模拟肽采用固相法进行了合成,利用HPLC法 测定模拟肽的纯度,利用质谱法测定模拟肽的分子量。
<110> 陕西理工大学
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Claims (4)
1. 一种抗SARS-CoV-2病毒S1蛋白的禽源单链抗体,其特征在于,其包含氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:7所示的重链可变区和氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:8所示的轻链可变区。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗SARS-CoV-2病毒S1蛋白的禽源单链抗体,其特征在于,所述单链抗体还包括在所述单链抗体的N端和/或C端连接的标签。
3.一种分离的核酸分子,其特征在于:所述核酸分子编码权利要求1或2中任一项所述的单链抗体。
4.权利要求1-2中任一项所述的抗SARS-CoV-2病毒S1蛋白的禽源单链抗体在制备新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2检测产品中的应用。
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