CN113402323A - Special fertilizer for sugarcane primary root zone and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Special fertilizer for sugarcane primary root zone and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113402323A CN113402323A CN202110773682.XA CN202110773682A CN113402323A CN 113402323 A CN113402323 A CN 113402323A CN 202110773682 A CN202110773682 A CN 202110773682A CN 113402323 A CN113402323 A CN 113402323A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/38—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with wax or resins
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a special fertilizer for a sugarcane primary root zone and a preparation process thereof. The process comprises the following steps: preparing fertilizer particles by using fertilizer raw materials; the fertilizer raw materials comprise a nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium chloride and a urease inhibitor, and according to the fertilizer amount required by a sugarcane in a long-term growth period, the prepared fertilizer granule comprises the following components: 7-8g of nitrogenous fertilizer, 2-3g of phosphorus pentoxide, 8-9g of potassium chloride and 0.2-0.5g of urease inhibitor; preparing a coating solution by using polyethylene resin; and spraying the coating solution on the surface of the fertilizer granules to form a polyethylene film layer on the surface of the fertilizer granules, wherein the polyethylene film layer is a shell for completely coating the fertilizer granules. The fertilizer prepared by the invention releases fertilizer nutrients to crops according to the growth requirements of the sugarcane, and one fertilizer can meet one growth cycle of each sugarcane, namely the fertilizer requirement of the crops in one year, so that the fertilizer utilization rate can be improved, the fertilizer use frequency is reduced, and the sugarcane planting efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer production, in particular to a special fertilizer for a sugarcane primary root zone and a preparation process thereof.
Background
Chemical fertilizers are indispensable in the cultivation and planting links of sugarcane and are related to the growth state and the final yield of the sugarcane. However, increased application rates of chemical fertilizers have resulted in increased frequency of use of chemical fertilizers, increasing the workload of sugarcane planting. On the other hand, although the application amount of the chemical fertilizer is increased, the utilization rate of the chemical fertilizer is not effectively improved, so that the production cost is increased, and the input-output ratio is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.
The invention aims to provide a fertilizer special for a primary root zone of sugarcane and a preparation process thereof, which can realize the purpose of slowly releasing fertilizer nutrients, release the fertilizer nutrients to crops according to the growth needs of the sugarcane, and can supply each fertilizer for one growth cycle of each sugarcane, namely the fertilizer requirement of the crops in one year, thereby improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer, reducing the use frequency of the fertilizer and improving the planting efficiency of the sugarcane.
The invention provides a preparation process of a special fertilizer for a sugarcane primary root zone, which comprises the following steps:
preparing fertilizer particles by using fertilizer raw materials; when the fertilizer granules are prepared from the fertilizer raw materials, the fertilizer raw materials comprise a nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium chloride and a urease inhibitor, wherein the prepared fertilizer granules comprise the following components: 7-8g of nitrogenous fertilizer, 2-3g of phosphorus pentoxide, 8-9g of potassium chloride and 0.2-0.5g of urease inhibitor;
preparing a coating solution by using polyethylene resin;
spraying the coating solution on the surface of the fertilizer granules to form a polyethylene film layer on the surface of the fertilizer granules, wherein the polyethylene film layer is a shell body which completely wraps the fertilizer granules.
Preferably, in the preparation process of the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane, the polyethylene film layer is a spherical shell with uniform thickness distribution.
Preferably, in the preparation process of the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane, the diameter of the polyethylene film layer is 1-1000mm, and the thickness of the polyethylene film layer is 10-80 μm.
Preferably, in the preparation process of the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane, the polyethylene film layer has pores with the average pore diameter of 45 nm.
Preferably, in the preparation process of the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane, the coating solution is sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer granules to form a polyethylene film layer on the surface of the fertilizer granules, and the polyethylene film layer is a shell body which completely wraps the fertilizer granules, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
dissolving polyethylene resin in a xylene organic solvent, wherein the mass percent of the polyethylene resin in the xylene is 2-3%, then adding 0.05-0.2% of mineral powder and 1-2% of biochar, and heating to 110 ℃ to prepare a coating solution; spraying the coating solution on fertilizer particles by adopting spraying equipment, controlling the temperature at 110 ℃, and promoting xylene to volatilize under the heating condition, thereby forming a uniform and compact polyethylene film layer with pores on the part on the surface of the fertilizer particles.
Preferably, in the preparation process of the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane, the coating solution is sprayed to fertilizer particles by adopting spraying equipment, the temperature is controlled at 110 ℃, xylene is promoted to volatilize under the heating condition, and thus a uniform and compact polyethylene film layer with pores at local parts is formed on the surfaces of the fertilizer particles, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
placing the fertilizer particles on a fluidized bed, spraying the coating solution to the fertilizer particles from top to bottom by using the spraying equipment, feeding hot air with the temperature of 110 ℃ from the lower part of the fluidized bed, and circularly changing the wind speed of the hot air, wherein in each cycle, the wind speed of the hot air is firstly kept at a low wind speed of 10s and then is increased to a high wind speed of 10s, wherein the low wind speed is 2m/s, and the high wind speed is 5 m/s.
Preferably, in the preparation process of the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane, the preparation of the fertilizer granules by using the fertilizer raw materials comprises the following steps:
taking the components of the fertilizer raw materials, mixing the components of the fertilizer raw materials, adding clear water and carrageenan, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed preparation; and (2) putting the mixed preparation into a granulator for high-temperature drying at the drying temperature of 90 ℃, adjusting the water content of the mixed preparation to 15 wt%, then continuing granulating at the granulating pressure of 5bar, and crushing after granulating to obtain fertilizer granules with the particle size of 2-5 mm.
The invention also provides a special fertilizer for the primary root zone of the sugarcane, which is prepared by the process.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides a special fertilizer for a sugarcane primary root zone and a preparation process thereof, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: preparing fertilizer particles by using fertilizer raw materials; when the fertilizer granules are prepared by using the fertilizer raw materials, the fertilizer raw materials comprise a nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium chloride and a urease inhibitor, wherein the prepared fertilizer granules comprise the following components: 7-8g of nitrogenous fertilizer, 2-3g of phosphorus pentoxide, 8-9g of potassium chloride and 0.2-0.5g of urease inhibitor; preparing a coating solution by using polyethylene resin; spraying the coating solution on the surface of the fertilizer granules to form a polyethylene film layer on the surface of the fertilizer granules, wherein the polyethylene film layer is a shell body which completely wraps the fertilizer granules. The invention utilizes polyethylene resin to prepare coating solution, and the coating solution is sprayed on the surface of fertilizer granules, so that a polyethylene film layer which completely wraps the fertilizer granules is formed on the surface of the fertilizer granules, and the polyethylene film layer can achieve the purpose of controlling the slow release of the fertilizer. Moreover, the invention accurately controls the proportion of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium components contained in each fertilizer, and one fertilizer can meet the requirement of one growth cycle of each sugarcane, namely the fertilizer requirement of one year. Therefore, the sugarcane fertilizer prepared by the preparation process can improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, reduce the frequency of fertilizer use and improve the planting efficiency of sugarcane.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation process of a fertilizer special for a primary root zone of sugarcane according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a preparation process of a special fertilizer for a primary root zone of sugarcane, which comprises the following steps: preparing fertilizer particles by using fertilizer raw materials; when the fertilizer granules are prepared from the fertilizer raw materials, the fertilizer raw materials comprise a nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium chloride and a urease inhibitor, wherein the prepared fertilizer granules comprise the following components: 7-8g of nitrogenous fertilizer, 2-3g of phosphorus pentoxide, 8-9g of potassium chloride and 0.2-0.5g of urease inhibitor; preparing a coating solution by using polyethylene resin; spraying the coating solution on the surface of the fertilizer granules to form a polyethylene film layer on the surface of the fertilizer granules, wherein the polyethylene film layer is a shell body which completely wraps the fertilizer granules.
The fertilizer granules are coated with the coating solution, and the coating solution is sprayed on the surfaces of the fertilizer granules, so that a polyethylene film layer which completely wraps the fertilizer granules is formed on the surfaces of the fertilizer granules, and the polyethylene film layer can achieve the purpose of controlling the slow release of the fertilizer. Moreover, the invention accurately controls the proportion of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium components contained in each fertilizer, and one fertilizer can meet the requirement of one growth cycle of each sugarcane, namely the fertilizer requirement of one year. Therefore, the sugarcane fertilizer prepared by the preparation process can improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, reduce the frequency of fertilizer use and improve the planting efficiency of sugarcane.
In a preferred embodiment, in the preparation process of the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane, the polyethylene film layer is a spherical shell with uniform thickness distribution. The uniformly-distributed thickness of the spherical shell facilitates uniform outward release of fertilizer nutrients through the film layer, thereby providing nutrients for sugarcane growth.
In a preferred embodiment, in the preparation process of the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane, the diameter of the polyethylene film layer is 1-1000mm, and the thickness of the polyethylene film layer is 10-80 μm.
Wherein, the polyethylene film layer can achieve the purpose of controlling the slow release of the fertilizer. The diameter and thickness of the polyethylene film layer can influence the outward release speed of the fertilizer, and the effect of controlling the fertilizer application frequency can be achieved by selecting the proper diameter and thickness of the polyethylene film layer.
In a preferred embodiment, in the preparation process of the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane, the polyethylene film layer has pores with the average pore diameter of 45 nm.
Wherein the pore size of the pores of the polyethylene film layer is related to the outward release speed of the fertilizer. By selecting the pore diameter of the polyethylene film layer, the effect of controlling the frequency of fertilizer application can be achieved.
In a preferred embodiment, in the process for preparing the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane, the spraying of the coating solution on the surface of the fertilizer granules to form a polyethylene film layer on the surface of the fertilizer granules, and the polyethylene film layer is a shell body which completely wraps the fertilizer granules, comprises the following steps:
dissolving polyethylene resin in a xylene organic solvent, wherein the mass percent of the polyethylene resin in the xylene is 2-3%, then adding 0.05-0.2% of mineral powder and 1-2% of biochar, heating to 110 ℃, and preparing a coating solution; spraying the coating solution on fertilizer particles by adopting spraying equipment, controlling the temperature at 110 ℃, and promoting xylene to volatilize under the heating condition, thereby forming a uniform and compact polyethylene film layer with pores on the part on the surface of the fertilizer particles. Based on the above process, a polyethylene film layer may be formed on the surface of the fertilizer granules, and the polyethylene film layer is a shell body which completely encloses the fertilizer granules. The mineral powder and the biochar can promote the rapid aging and degradation of the polyethylene film layer, the polyethylene film layer can age and degrade rapidly in soil, fertilizer nutrients are guaranteed to be released into the soil, and nutrients are provided for the growth of the sugarcane.
In a preferred embodiment, in the process for preparing the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane, the coating solution is sprayed to the fertilizer granules by using a spraying device, the temperature is controlled at 110 ℃, xylene is promoted to volatilize under heating conditions, and thus a uniform, dense and partially porous polyethylene film layer is formed on the surfaces of the fertilizer granules, and the process comprises the following steps:
placing the fertilizer particles on a fluidized bed, spraying the coating solution to the fertilizer particles from top to bottom by using the spraying equipment, feeding hot air with the temperature of 110 ℃ from the lower part of the fluidized bed, and circularly changing the wind speed of the hot air, wherein in each cycle, the wind speed of the hot air is firstly kept at a low wind speed of 10s and then is increased to a high wind speed of 10s, wherein the low wind speed is 2m/s, and the high wind speed is 5 m/s.
The coating solution is sprayed on the fertilizer particles from top to bottom, and hot air is sent upwards from the lower part of the fluidized bed, so that the hot air can push the fertilizer particles upwards to be in a boiling state, and the fertilizer particles are coated with the coating solution. And the hot air flows upwards, so that the organic solvent in the coating solution coated on the surfaces of the fertilizer particles is easier to take away, and the volatilization process of the organic solvent is accelerated. Furthermore, the wind speed of the hot wind changes in a circulating manner, the wind speed of the hot wind in each cycle lasts for 10s at a low wind speed and 10s at a high wind speed, when the hot wind is at the low wind speed, the boiling state of the fertilizer granules is weakened, and when the hot wind is switched to the high wind speed, the boiling state of the fertilizer granules is strengthened, and by continuously changing the boiling state of the fertilizer granules, all the fertilizer granules can be uniformly coated with the coating solution, so that a uniform, compact and polyethylene film layer with proper pores can be formed.
In a preferred embodiment, in the process for preparing the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane, the preparation of fertilizer granules by using fertilizer raw materials comprises the following steps:
taking the components of the fertilizer raw materials, mixing the components of the fertilizer raw materials, adding clear water and carrageenan, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed preparation; and (2) putting the mixed preparation into a granulator for high-temperature drying at the drying temperature of 90 ℃, adjusting the water content of the mixed preparation to 15 wt%, then continuing granulating at the granulating pressure of 5bar, and crushing after granulating to obtain fertilizer granules with the particle size of 2-5 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, in the process for preparing the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane, when fertilizer granules are prepared by using fertilizer raw materials, the prepared fertilizer granules can contain 8g of nitrogen, 2.86g of phosphorus pentoxide, 8.57g of potassium chloride and 0.4-0.9g of urease inhibitor.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the preparation process of the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of sugarcane provided by the embodiments of the present invention.
Example one
The fertilizer requirements for each sugarcane are as follows: 8g of nitrogen, 2.86g of phosphorus pentoxide, 8.57g of potassium chloride and 0.2-0.5g of urease inhibitor. 3500 sugarcanes are planted in each mu of land, and the fertilization situation of each mu is as follows: 28kg of nitrogen, 10kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 30kg of potassium chloride.
According to the fertilizer condition required by each sugarcane, the proportion of each component contained in one fertilizer granule is determined as follows: 7-8g of nitrogen, 2-3g of phosphorus pentoxide, 8-9g of potassium chloride and 0.2-0.5g of urease inhibitor. The fertilizer raw materials are prepared into powder and then granulated by a granulator. Specifically, taking each component of the fertilizer raw material, mixing the components of the fertilizer raw material, adding clear water and carrageenan, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed preparation; and (2) putting the mixed preparation into a granulator for high-temperature drying at the drying temperature of 90 ℃, adjusting the water content of the mixed preparation to 15 wt%, then continuing granulating at the granulating pressure of 5bar, and crushing after granulating to obtain fertilizer granules with the particle size of 2-5 mm.
Dissolving polyethylene resin in xylene organic solvent, wherein the mass percent of the polyethylene resin in the xylene is 2%, adding 0.1% of mineral powder and 1% of biochar, and heating to 110 ℃ to prepare coating solution. And spraying the coating solution to fertilizer granules by adopting spraying equipment, controlling the temperature at 110 ℃, and volatilizing dimethylbenzene under the heating condition, thereby forming a uniform and compact polyethylene film layer with pores on the part on the surface of the fertilizer granules. The polyethylene film layer is a spherical shell with a diameter of 2-5mm, a thickness of the film layer of about 10-50 μm, and an average pore diameter of 45 nm.
The use condition is as follows:
3500 sugarcane plants are planted in each mu of land. During fertilization, one fertilizer is applied to each sugarcane, and root zone fertilization is adopted. The nutrients required by the annual growth of the sugarcane can be met only by fertilizing once a year. The yield of the sugarcane per mu is more than 8 tons.
Example two
The fertilizer requirements for each sugarcane are as follows: 8g of nitrogen, 2.86g of phosphorus pentoxide, 8.57g of potassium chloride and 0.2-0.5g of urease inhibitor. 3500 sugarcanes are planted in each mu of land, and the fertilization situation of each mu is as follows: 28kg of nitrogen, 10kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 30kg of potassium chloride.
According to the fertilizer condition required by each sugarcane, the proportion of each component contained in one fertilizer granule is determined as follows: 7-8g of nitrogen, 2-3g of phosphorus pentoxide, 8-9g of potassium chloride and 0.2-0.5g of urease inhibitor. The fertilizer raw materials are prepared into powder and then granulated by a granulator. Specifically, taking each component of the fertilizer raw material, mixing the components of the fertilizer raw material, adding clear water and carrageenan, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed preparation; and (2) putting the mixed preparation into a granulator for high-temperature drying at the drying temperature of 90 ℃, adjusting the water content of the mixed preparation to 15 wt%, then continuing granulating at the granulating pressure of 5bar, and crushing after granulating to obtain fertilizer granules with the particle size of 2-5 mm.
Dissolving polyethylene resin in xylene organic solvent, wherein the mass percent of the polyethylene resin in the xylene is 3%, adding 0.2% of mineral powder and 2% of biochar, and heating to 110 ℃ to prepare coating solution. And spraying the coating solution to fertilizer granules by adopting spraying equipment, controlling the temperature at 110 ℃, and volatilizing dimethylbenzene under the heating condition, thereby forming a uniform and compact polyethylene film layer with pores on the part on the surface of the fertilizer granules. The polyethylene film layer is a spherical shell with a diameter of 3-4mm, a film thickness of about 40-80 μm, and an average pore diameter of 45 nm.
The use condition is as follows:
3500 sugarcane plants are planted in each mu of land. During fertilization, one fertilizer is applied to each sugarcane, and root zone fertilization is adopted. The nutrients required by the annual growth of the sugarcane can be met only by fertilizing once a year. The yield of the sugarcane per mu is more than 8 tons.
EXAMPLE III
The fertilizer requirements for each sugarcane are as follows: 8g of nitrogen, 2.86g of phosphorus pentoxide, 8.57g of potassium chloride and 0.2-0.5g of urease inhibitor. 3500 sugarcanes are planted in each mu of land, and the fertilization situation of each mu is as follows: 28kg of nitrogen, 10kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 30kg of potassium chloride.
According to the fertilizer condition required by each sugarcane, the proportion of each component contained in one fertilizer granule is determined as follows: 7-8g of nitrogen, 2-3g of phosphorus pentoxide, 8-9g of potassium chloride and 0.2-0.5g of urease inhibitor. The fertilizer raw materials are prepared into powder and then granulated by a granulator. Specifically, taking each component of the fertilizer raw material, mixing the components of the fertilizer raw material, adding clear water and carrageenan, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed preparation; and (2) putting the mixed preparation into a granulator for high-temperature drying at the drying temperature of 90 ℃, adjusting the water content of the mixed preparation to 15 wt%, then continuing granulating at the granulating pressure of 5bar, and crushing after granulating to obtain fertilizer granules with the particle size of 2-5 mm.
Dissolving polyethylene resin in a xylene organic solvent, wherein the mass percent of the polyethylene resin in the xylene is 2.3%, then adding 0.05% of mineral powder and 2% of biochar, and heating to 110 ℃ to prepare a coating solution. And spraying the coating solution to fertilizer granules by adopting spraying equipment, controlling the temperature at 110 ℃, and volatilizing dimethylbenzene under the heating condition, thereby forming a uniform and compact polyethylene film layer with pores on the part on the surface of the fertilizer granules. The polyethylene film layer is a spherical shell with a diameter of 2-4mm, a thickness of the film layer of about 10-60 μm, and an average pore diameter of 45 nm.
Example four
The fertilizer requirements for each sugarcane are as follows: 8g of nitrogen, 2.86g of phosphorus pentoxide, 8.57g of potassium chloride and 0.2-0.5g of urease inhibitor. 3500 sugarcanes are planted in each mu of land, and the fertilization situation of each mu is as follows: 28kg of nitrogen, 10kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 30kg of potassium chloride.
According to the fertilizer condition required by each sugarcane, the proportion of each component contained in one fertilizer granule is determined as follows: 7-8g of nitrogen, 2-3g of phosphorus pentoxide, 8-9g of potassium chloride and 0.2-0.5g of urease inhibitor. The fertilizer raw materials are prepared into powder and then granulated by a granulator. Specifically, taking each component of the fertilizer raw material, mixing the components of the fertilizer raw material, adding clear water and carrageenan, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed preparation; and (2) putting the mixed preparation into a granulator for high-temperature drying at the drying temperature of 90 ℃, adjusting the water content of the mixed preparation to 15 wt%, then continuing granulating at the granulating pressure of 5bar, and crushing after granulating to obtain fertilizer granules with the particle size of 2-5 mm.
Dissolving polyethylene resin in xylene organic solvent, wherein the mass percent of the polyethylene resin in the xylene is 3%, adding 0.1% of mineral powder and 2% of biochar, and heating to 110 ℃ to prepare coating solution. The fertilizer particles are placed on a fluidized bed, coating solution is sprayed to the fertilizer particles from top to bottom by adopting spraying equipment, hot air with the temperature of 110 ℃ is fed from the lower part of the fluidized bed, the air speed of the hot air is changed circularly, in each cycle, the air speed of the hot air is firstly kept at a low air speed of 10s, and then is increased to a high air speed of 10s, wherein the low air speed is 2m/s, and the high air speed is 5 m/s. The polyethylene film layer is a spherical shell with a diameter of 2-5mm, a film thickness of about 30-50 μm, and an average pore diameter of 45 nm.
The use condition is as follows:
3500 sugarcane plants are planted in each mu of land. During fertilization, one fertilizer is applied to each sugarcane, and root zone fertilization is adopted. The nutrients required by the annual growth of the sugarcane can be met only by fertilizing once a year. The yield of the sugarcane per mu is more than 8 tons.
In conclusion, based on the fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention, the nutrients provided by one-time fertilization can meet the requirement of annual growth of sugarcane, and only one fertilizer needs to be applied to the root area of the sugarcane at one time, so that the IC greatly reduces the frequency of fertilizer application, improves the sugarcane planting efficiency and improves the fertilizer utilization rate.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the uses set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. It is therefore intended that the invention not be limited to the exact details and illustrations described and illustrated herein, but fall within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation process of a fertilizer special for a sugarcane primary root zone is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing fertilizer particles by using fertilizer raw materials; when the fertilizer granules are prepared from the fertilizer raw materials, the fertilizer raw materials comprise a nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium chloride and a urease inhibitor, wherein the prepared fertilizer granules comprise the following components: 7-8g of nitrogenous fertilizer, 2-3g of phosphorus pentoxide, 8-9g of potassium chloride and 0.2-0.5g of urease inhibitor;
preparing a coating solution by using polyethylene resin;
spraying the coating solution on the surface of the fertilizer granules to form a polyethylene film layer on the surface of the fertilizer granules, wherein the polyethylene film layer is a shell body which completely wraps the fertilizer granules.
2. The preparation process of the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of sugarcane according to claim 1, wherein the polyethylene film layer is a spherical shell with uniform thickness distribution.
3. The preparation process of the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of the polyethylene film layer is 1-1000mm, and the thickness of the polyethylene film layer is 10-80 μm.
4. The process for preparing the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane according to claim 3, wherein the polyethylene film layer is provided with pores with the average pore diameter of 45 nm.
5. The process for preparing the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane according to claim 1, wherein the step of spraying the coating solution on the surface of the fertilizer granules to form a polyethylene film layer on the surface of the fertilizer granules, and the polyethylene film layer is a shell body which completely wraps the fertilizer granules, comprises the following steps:
dissolving polyethylene resin in a xylene organic solvent, wherein the mass percent of the polyethylene resin in the xylene is 2-3%, then adding 0.05-0.2% of mineral powder and 1-2% of biochar, heating to 110 ℃, and preparing a coating solution; spraying the coating solution on fertilizer particles by adopting spraying equipment, controlling the temperature at 110 ℃, and promoting xylene to volatilize under the heating condition, thereby forming a uniform and compact polyethylene film layer with pores on the part on the surface of the fertilizer particles.
6. The preparation process of the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of sugarcane according to claim 5, wherein the coating solution is sprayed to the fertilizer granules by a spraying device, the temperature is controlled at 110 ℃, xylene is promoted to volatilize under heating, and thus a uniform and dense polyethylene film layer with pores at local parts is formed on the surfaces of the fertilizer granules, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
placing the fertilizer particles on a fluidized bed, spraying the coating solution to the fertilizer particles from top to bottom by using the spraying equipment, feeding hot air with the temperature of 110 ℃ from the lower part of the fluidized bed, and circularly changing the wind speed of the hot air, wherein in each cycle, the wind speed of the hot air is firstly kept at a low wind speed of 10s and then is increased to a high wind speed of 10s, wherein the low wind speed is 2m/s, and the high wind speed is 5 m/s.
7. The preparation process of the fertilizer special for the primary root zone of the sugarcane according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the fertilizer granules by using the fertilizer raw materials comprises the following steps:
taking the components of the fertilizer raw materials, mixing the components of the fertilizer raw materials, adding clear water and carrageenan, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed preparation; and (2) putting the mixed preparation into a granulator for high-temperature drying at the drying temperature of 90 ℃, adjusting the water content of the mixed preparation to 15 wt%, then continuing granulating at the granulating pressure of 5bar, and crushing after granulating to obtain fertilizer granules with the particle size of 2-5 mm.
8. A fertilizer special for a primary root zone of sugarcane, which is prepared by the process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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