CN113399761A

CN113399761A - Special processing machine tool

Info

Publication number: CN113399761A
Application number: CN202110648165.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡晶; 仇启龙; 蔡国庆; 冯学胜; 王超
Original assignee: NANJING NINGQING CNC MACHINE TOOL MANUFACTURE CO Ltd
Current assignee: NANJING NINGQING CNC MACHINE TOOL MANUFACTURE CO Ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-10
Filing date: 2021-06-10
Publication date: 2021-09-17
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-10
Also published as: CN113399761B

Abstract

The application relates to a special processing machine tool, which is applied to the technical field of special material processing machine tools and comprises an anode main shaft structure and a cathode main shaft structure, wherein the anode main shaft structure and the cathode main shaft structure are arranged on a machine tool body; the moving device comprises a portal frame used for installing a cathode spindle structure, a driving mechanism used for driving the portal frame to move is arranged on the machine tool body, a moving seat is arranged on the driving mechanism, the portal frame is installed on the moving seat, and a transverse adjusting piece used for adjusting the portal frame is arranged on the moving seat; and a vertical adjusting piece for adjusting the cathode spindle structure to lift is arranged on the portal frame, and a speed reduction motor for driving the cathode spindle structure to rotate is arranged on the vertical adjusting piece. This application has improved the flexibility ratio of negative pole main shaft structure through carrying out diversified adjustment to negative pole main shaft mechanism to promote the machining precision of lathe, promoted the quality of work piece greatly, be favorable to promoting machining efficiency.

Description

Special processing machine tool

Technical Field

The application relates to a special material machine tool technical field especially relates to a special machine tool.

Background

The special machining machine tool is a special machining method for machining and shaping a workpiece by utilizing the principle that metal generates electrochemical anode dissolution in electrolyte.

During machining, the workpiece is connected with the positive pole of a direct current power supply, the tool is connected with the negative pole, and a small gap is kept between the two poles. The electrolyte flows through the interelectrode gap to form a conductive path between the two electrodes, and generates a current under a power supply voltage, thereby forming electrochemical anodic dissolution. With the continuous feeding of the tool relative to the workpiece, the metal of the workpiece is continuously electrolyzed, the electrolysis product is continuously washed away by the electrolyte, finally, the gaps at all positions between the two electrodes tend to be consistent, and the surface of the workpiece is formed into a shape basically similar to the working surface of the tool.

In view of the above related technologies, the inventor believes that, in the process of processing a workpiece by a special processing machine tool, the flexibility of a cathode main shaft is not high, and it is inconvenient for an operator to adjust the position of the cathode main shaft, so that the processing precision of the special processing machine tool is not high, and the quality of the workpiece is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a special type processing machine tool in order to improve the not high problem of the flexibility ratio of special type processing machine tool cathode main shaft, lead to the machining precision not high, this application provides a special type processing machine tool.

The application provides a special type processing machine tool adopts following technical scheme:

a special processing machine tool comprises an anode main shaft structure and a cathode main shaft structure which are arranged on a machine tool body, wherein the anode main shaft structure is arranged on a base of the machine tool body and used for fixing a workpiece, and the cathode main shaft structure is arranged on the machine tool body through a moving device and used for processing the workpiece; the moving device comprises a portal frame used for installing a cathode spindle structure, a driving mechanism used for driving the portal frame to move is arranged on the machine tool body, a moving seat is arranged on the driving mechanism, the portal frame is installed on the moving seat, a transverse adjusting piece used for adjusting the portal frame is arranged on the moving seat, and the moving direction of the transverse adjusting piece is intersected with the moving direction of the portal frame; the gantry is provided with a vertical adjusting piece for adjusting the cathode spindle structure to lift, the cathode spindle structure is rotatably arranged on the vertical adjusting piece, and the vertical adjusting piece is provided with a speed reduction motor for driving the cathode spindle structure to rotate.

By adopting the technical scheme, in the process of processing the workpiece, an operator fixes the workpiece on the anode main shaft structure, then the cathode main shaft structure is started, the driving mechanism drives the portal frame to horizontally move along the length direction of the machine tool body and drives the cathode main shaft structure to approach the workpiece, so that the cathode main shaft structure processes the workpiece, meanwhile, the transverse adjusting piece drives the moving seat to horizontally move along the width direction of the machine tool body, so as to further adjust the position of the cathode main shaft structure in the horizontal direction, further increase the flexibility of the cathode main shaft structure in the horizontal direction, and the vertical adjusting piece can drive the cathode main shaft structure to vertically move, so as to adjust the height of the cathode main shaft structure, the speed reducing motor can drive the cathode main shaft structure to rotate on the portal frame and adjust the deflection angle of the cathode main shaft structure, the effect of diversely adjusting the cathode main shaft structure is reached to improve the flexibility ratio of cathode main shaft structure, and then be convenient for the operator to carry out diversely adjustment to the position of cathode main shaft mechanism, with the machining precision who promotes the lathe, promoted the quality of work piece greatly, and be favorable to promoting machining efficiency.

Optionally, the anode spindle structure includes a support seat mounted on the machine tool, a spindle penetrates through the support seat, the spindle is rotatably disposed on the support seat, and a driving element for driving the spindle to rotate is disposed on the support seat; the upper end face of the main shaft is connected with a bearing plate used for fixing a workpiece, and one end, far away from the bearing plate, of the main shaft is connected with a conductive assembly.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, at the in-process of processing the work piece, the operator is fixed the loading board with the work piece on, the operator starts the driving piece after that for driving piece drive pivot rotates, and the main shaft passes through the loading board this moment and drives the work piece and rotate, and conductive component is switched on to the main shaft simultaneously, makes the electric current loop through main shaft and loading board on leading-in to the work piece, so that the work piece is processed to negative pole main shaft structure.

Optionally, a transition plate is arranged between the main shaft and the bearing plate, the cross-sectional area of the transition plate is larger than that of the main shaft, one end of the transition plate abuts against the main shaft, and the other end of the transition plate abuts against the bearing plate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the main shaft is at the in-process to the loading board is electrically conductive, the area of contact between main shaft and the loading board can be increased to the cab apron, with the firm in connection degree between increase loading board and the main shaft, make the resistance between main shaft and the loading board reduce simultaneously, thereby reduce the thermal gathering between main shaft and the loading board, and then reduce and strike sparks to appear between main shaft and the loading board, lead to main shaft and the bad condition emergence of loading board contact, with guarantee that main shaft and loading board have good electric conductivity, help improving production efficiency.

Optionally, an air outlet is formed in one end, close to the bearing plate, of the main shaft, an air inlet is formed in one end, far away from the bearing plate, of the main shaft, and a heat dissipation channel is communicated between the air inlet and the air outlet of the main shaft.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the operator lets in gas with the inlet port for gaseous through heat dissipation channel from the venthole outflow, and when gaseous through heat dissipation channel, gaseous can carry out cooling to the main shaft, thereby reduce the main shaft and appear the possibility of high temperature, with the electric conductivity that promotes the main shaft.

Optionally, a driving sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft, two ends of the driving sleeve are respectively provided with an insulating sleeve, the inner wall of the insulating sleeve abuts against the outer side wall of the main shaft, and the outer side wall of the insulating sleeve abuts against the inner wall of the driving sleeve; the heat dissipation channel is formed between the main shaft and the driving sleeve, and the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole are communicated with the heat dissipation channel through a drainage hole.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, it can carry out the insulation to keep apart main shaft and drive cover to set up insulating cover, and insulating cover can seal the clearance between main shaft and the drive cover, gaseous when the heat dissipation channel that passes through this moment, gaseous and the outer surface contact of main shaft, thereby the area of contact of gaseous and main shaft has been increased, and then the heat radiating area of main shaft has been promoted, with the radiating effect who promotes the main shaft, the direct drawback of setting up heat dissipation channel at the main shaft has been avoided simultaneously, the effect of protection has been played to the main shaft, with the self structural strength who guarantees the main shaft.

Optionally, the cross-sectional area of the heat dissipation channel is larger than that of the drainage hole.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, heat dissipation channel's cross-sectional area is great, can bear more gas to gas can make gas flow rate become slow after getting into heat dissipation channel, thereby is convenient for gaseous abundant contact with the surface of main shaft, and then has promoted the radiating effect of main shaft.

Optionally, the main shaft is sleeved with a windshield between the support seat and the bearing plate, the air outlet is communicated with an inner cavity of the windshield, one end of the windshield is fixed on the support seat, and a gap is reserved between one end of the windshield, which is far away from the support seat, and the bearing plate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, gaseous after the heat dissipation channel, gaseous through the venthole enter into the windshield in, and do short-lived delay in the windshield, gaseous and loading board contact this moment, and cool down the loading board, with the possibility that the reduction loading board high temperature appears, and the work piece is at the in-process of processing, the electrolyte that uses produces fog easily, final gaseous clearance through between windshield and the loading board is discharged, thereby can dash out the windshield with fog, and then the condition that reduces fog and get into in the windshield takes place, take place with the condition of having avoided electrolyte to corrode the main shaft.

Optionally, the main shaft is sleeved with a blocking piece for isolating electrolyte between the supporting seat and the bearing plate, the blocking piece comprises a lower isolating cylinder arranged on the supporting seat and an upper isolating cylinder arranged on the bearing plate, and one end, far away from the supporting seat, of the lower isolating cylinder extends into the upper isolating cylinder.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, electrolyte is at the in-process that uses, electrolyte can flow downwards along the lateral wall of last cylinder, it has played the effect that blocks to electrolyte to go up the cylinder this moment, and keep apart a section of thick bamboo down and can do further blockking to the fog that electrolyte produced, take place with the condition of reducing the interior corruption main shaft of cylinder under the fog goes into, gaseous clearance discharge between through last cylinder and the lower cylinder of keeping apart of passing through simultaneously, the condition emergence in the cylinder is kept apart under the fog entering that further reduces electrolyte production, in order to avoid electrolyte to cause the corruption to the main shaft.

Optionally, one end of the lower isolation cylinder, which is far away from the support seat, is provided with a shielding ring extending inwards, the shielding ring comprises a connecting ring and a blocking ring, the outer edge of the connecting ring is connected to the lower isolation cylinder, one end of the blocking ring is fixed to the inner edge of the connecting ring, and one end of the blocking ring, which is far away from the connecting ring, extends towards the bearing plate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the height that keeps off the section of thick bamboo under can increasing of fender ring, can further block the fog that electrolyte produced to keep off the ring and can increase the space between the section of thick bamboo and keep apart under and on the isolation section of thick bamboo, thereby the float time of extension fog between last isolation section of thick bamboo and the isolation section of thick bamboo down makes the buoyancy of fog weaken gradually, and the condition that further reduces the fog and get into under in the isolation section of thick bamboo takes place.

Optionally, the bearing plate is provided with an isolation ring between the baffle ring and the upper isolation cylinder, and the distance between the isolation ring and the upper isolation cylinder is greater than the distance between the isolation ring and the baffle ring.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the cage can increase the complexity of path between isolating cylinder and the fender ring to increase the unsteady degree of difficulty of the fog that electrolyte produced, thereby further block the fog that electrolyte produced, and then the condition that reduces fog entering under in the isolating cylinder takes place, interval between the isolating cylinder more than the cage is great simultaneously, with the showy time of extension fog between last isolating cylinder and cage, further weaken the showy dynamics of fog, the possibility of fog entering under the isolating cylinder has been reduced.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the cathode main shaft mechanism is adjusted in multiple directions, so that the flexibility of the cathode main shaft mechanism is improved, the machining precision of a machine tool is improved, the quality of workpieces is greatly improved, and the machining efficiency is improved;

2. the contact area between the main shaft and the bearing plate can be increased through the transition plate, so that the heat accumulation between the main shaft and the bearing plate is reduced, the phenomenon that the main shaft and the bearing plate are in poor contact due to sparking between the main shaft and the bearing plate can be reduced, and the main shaft and the bearing plate are ensured to have good electric conductivity;

3. through the heat dissipation channel, the gas can cool the main shaft, so that the possibility of overhigh temperature of the main shaft is reduced, and the electric conductivity of the main shaft is improved;

4. the fog that produces electrolyte can be blockked through the baffling piece to reduce the fog and go into the condition emergence of corroding the main shaft in the lower isolation cylinder, guaranteed the structural strength of main shaft self.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a special processing machine tool according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hidden gantry in a moving device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram for embodying a driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram for embodying a lateral adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram for embodying a vertical adjustment mechanism in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram for embodying an anode spindle structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of an anode spindle structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram for embodying a transition plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram for embodying an insulating plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 8.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion B in fig. 7.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a machine tool body; 11. a base; 12. supporting the side beams; 2. an anode spindle structure; 21. a supporting seat; 211. a support plate; 212. positioning seats; 22. a main shaft; 221. an air outlet; 222. an air inlet; 223. a drainage hole; 23. a drive sleeve; 231. a heat dissipation channel; 24. a carrier plate; 25. a transition plate; 251. a contact plate; 252. a conductive plate; 253. fixing the bolt; 254. an insulating bushing; 255. an exhaust hole; 256. an exhaust groove; 257. an exhaust port; 258. a one-way valve; 26. an insulating sleeve; 261. an insulating plate; 262. a fixing ring; 263. a positioning ring; 264. a limiting groove; 27. a drive member; 271. a drive motor; 272. a synchronizing wheel; 273. a synchronous belt; 28. a conductive component; 281. a conductive seat; 282. a rotor; 283. a stator; 284. mounting grooves; 285. an air inlet pipe; 29. a windshield; 3. a cathode spindle structure; 4. a gantry; 41. a movable seat; 5. a drive mechanism; 51. a first lead screw; 52. a first motor; 53. a moving block; 54. a first slide rail; 55. a first slider; 56. a mounting seat; 6. a lateral adjustment member; 61. a first fixed seat; 62. a second lead screw; 63. a second motor; 64. a second slide rail; 65. a second slider; 7. a vertical adjustment member; 71. moving the plate; 72. a third slide rail; 73. a third slider; 74. a third screw rod; 75. a third motor; 76. a second fixed seat; 77. a cylinder; 78. a reduction motor; 8. a barrier; 81. a lower isolation cylinder; 82. an upper isolation cylinder; 83. a blocking ring; 831. a connecting ring; 832. a baffle ring; 84. an isolation ring; 85. a seal ring; 86. a stop ring.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-11.

The embodiment of the application discloses a special type processing machine tool.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the special processing machine comprises an anode spindle structure 2 and a cathode spindle structure 3 which are arranged on a machine body 1, and the structure of the anode spindle structure 2 is the same as that of the cathode spindle structure 3. The machine tool body 1 includes a base 11 and two support side beams 12, and the two support side beams 12 are provided, wherein one support side beam 12 is provided on one side of the base 11 in the length direction, and the other support side beam 12 is provided on the other side of the base 11 in the length direction. The two supporting side beams 12 are provided with a moving device for moving the cathode spindle structure 3 at the side far away from the base 11, and the anode spindle structure 2 is fixed on the base 11 and used for fixing a workpiece. The moving device can drive the cathode spindle structure 3 to approach the anode spindle structure 2, so as to machine the workpiece on the anode spindle structure 2.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the moving device includes a gantry 4 slidably disposed on two support side beams 12, and two driving mechanisms 5 for driving the gantry 4 to move along the length direction of the support side beams 12, wherein one driving mechanism 5 is disposed on one support side beam 12 and the other driving mechanism is disposed on the other support side beam 12. Two driving mechanisms 5 are respectively provided with a moving seat 41 in a sliding manner, one end of the portal frame 4 is fixed on one moving seat 41, and the other end is fixed on the other moving seat 41. Meanwhile, one of the moving seats 41 is provided with a transverse adjusting piece 6 for driving the portal frame 4 to move along the width direction of the machine tool body 1, and the driving direction of the transverse adjusting piece 6 is perpendicular to the driving direction of the driving mechanism 5. An operator starts the driving mechanism 5 to drive the portal frame 4 to move along the length direction of the machine tool body 1, and starts the transverse adjusting piece 6 to drive the portal frame 4 to move along the width direction of the machine tool body 1, so that the cathode spindle structure 3 can be adjusted in the horizontal direction.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the gantry 4 is provided with a vertical adjusting part 7 on both sides in the vertical direction, the cathode spindle structure 3 is arranged between the two vertical adjusting parts 7, and the central axis of the cathode spindle structure 3 is parallel to the moving direction of the vertical adjusting parts 7. The cathode spindle structure 3 is rotatably connected to the two vertical adjusting pieces 7, and one of the vertical adjusting pieces 7 is provided with a speed reducing motor 78 for adjusting the deflection angle of the cathode spindle structure 3. The operator starts the vertical adjusting piece 7 to adjust the height of the cathode main shaft structure 3, so as to achieve the effect of lifting the cathode main shaft structure 3. Meanwhile, the cathode spindle structure 3 can be driven by the speed reducing motor 78 to deflect, and the deflection angle of the cathode spindle structure 3 is adjusted, so that the cathode spindle structure 3 can accurately process a workpiece. Thereby actuating mechanism 5, horizontal regulating part 6, vertical regulating part 7 and gear motor 78 have reached the effect of diversified regulation cathode spindle structure 3 to in carrying out accurate processing to the work piece, improved the surface quality of work piece greatly.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the driving mechanism 5 includes a mounting seat 56 provided along the length direction of the support side member 12, the mounting seat 56 being provided on the upper surface of the support side member 12. One side of the mounting seat 56, which is far away from the supporting side beam 12, is provided with a first screw rod 51 along the length direction, the first screw rod 51 is rotatably connected to the supporting side beam 12, and one end of the mounting seat 56 along the length direction of the first screw rod 51 is provided with a first motor 52 for driving the first screw rod 51 to rotate. A moving block 53 is screwed to the first lead screw 51, and the moving base 41 is fixed to the moving block 53. An operator starts the first motor 52, so that the first motor 52 drives the first lead screw 51 to rotate, and at this time, the first lead screw 51 drives the moving block 53 to drive the moving base 41 to move along the length direction of the machine tool body 1, so that the aim of driving the gantry 4 to move is achieved, and the cathode spindle structure 3 is conveniently adjusted in the horizontal direction.

Meanwhile, the mounting seat 56 is provided with a first slide rail 54 on each of two sides of the first lead screw 51 along the length direction, a pair of first slide blocks 55 are connected to the two first slide rails 54 in a sliding manner, and the two pairs of first slide blocks 55 are fixed on the movable seat 41. In the moving process of the moving base 41, the moving base 41 drives the first sliding block 55 to move together, and at this time, the first sliding rail 54 limits the moving direction of the first sliding block 55, so that the moving base 41 is guided, and the stability of the gantry 4 during moving is further improved, so that the moving accuracy of the cathode spindle structure 3 is improved.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the transverse driving member 27 includes a first fixed seat 61 disposed between the movable seat 41 and the gantry 4, and the first fixed seat 61 is fixed on the movable seat 41. The first fixing seat 61 is provided with a second screw rod 62 in a penetrating manner, the second screw rod 62 is connected to the first fixing seat 61 in a threaded manner, and the second screw rod 62 is arranged along the width direction of the moving seat 41 and is rotatably connected to the gantry 4. The gantry 4 is fixedly connected with a second motor 63 at one side far away from the cathode spindle structure 3, and a second screw 62 is connected to an output shaft of the second motor 63. An operator starts the second motor 63, and the second motor 63 drives the second screw 62 to rotate, so that relative displacement is generated between the gantry 4 and the moving seat 41, and the gantry 4 is driven to move along the width direction of the machine tool body 1, so as to further adjust the cathode spindle 22 mechanism in the horizontal direction.

Meanwhile, the moving base 41 faces one side of the gantry 4, and a second sliding rail 64 is disposed on each of two sides of the second lead screw 62 along the length direction. A pair of second sliding blocks 65 are slidably connected to the two second sliding rails 64, and the two pairs of second sliding blocks 65 are fixed on the portal frame 4. In the moving process of the gantry 4, the gantry 4 drives the second slide block 65 to move together. At this time, the second slide rail 64 limits the moving direction of the second slide block 65, so that the portal frame 4 is guided, and the stability of the portal frame 4 during moving is further improved, so as to improve the moving accuracy of the cathode spindle structure 3.

Referring to fig. 2 and 5, the vertical adjusting member 7 includes a moving plate 71 slidably disposed on the inner wall of the gantry 4, and the moving plate 71 faces the wall of the gantry 4 and is provided with a third sliding rail 72 on each of two sides in the vertical direction. A pair of third sliding blocks 73 is connected to the two third sliding rails 72 in a sliding manner, and the two pairs of third sliding blocks 73 are fixed on the gantry 4. In the moving process of the moving plate 71, the moving plate 71 drives the third slide rail 72 to move together, and at this time, the third slider 73 limits the moving direction of the third slide rail 72, so that the moving plate 71 is guided, and the stability of the moving plate 71 in moving is further improved.

Referring to fig. 2 and 5, a third lead screw 74 is rotatably connected to a side of the moving plate 71 facing the gantry 4 in a vertical direction, and the third lead screw 74 is disposed between the two third slide rails 72. A second fixed seat 76 is connected to the third screw rod 74 through a thread, and the second fixed seat 76 is fixed to the gantry 4. One end of the moving plate 71 facing the top wall of the gantry 4 is fixedly connected with a third motor 75, and an output shaft of the third motor 75 is connected with a third screw rod 74. The cathode spindle structure 3 is rotatably connected to one side of the moving plates 71, which is far away from the gantry 4, the cathode spindle structure 3 is simultaneously rotatably connected to the two moving plates 71, and the speed reducing motor 78 is fixed on one of the moving plates 71.

An operator starts the third motor 75, so that the third motor 75 drives the third screw rod 74 to rotate, and under the action of the second fixed seat 76, the moving plate 71 and the gantry 4 generate relative displacement, so as to achieve the effect of driving the moving plate 71, thereby facilitating the lifting of the cathode spindle structure 3, and further facilitating the height adjustment of the cathode spindle 22 mechanism. Meanwhile, the speed reduction motor 78 can drive the cathode spindle structure 3 to rotate so as to achieve the effect of adjusting the deflection angle of the cathode spindle structure 3, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the cathode spindle structure 3 in multiple directions, and further facilitating the processing of the workpiece in multiple directions so as to improve the processing precision of the workpiece.

Referring to fig. 1, a cylinder 77 is fixedly connected to the gantry 4, the cylinder 77 is located between the gantry 4 and the moving plate 71, and a piston rod of the cylinder 77 is fixed to the moving plate 71. The operator activates the cylinder 77, which can be used to assist the moving plate 71 to move along the vertical direction of the gantry 4, and further improve the stability of the moving plate 71 during movement.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the anode spindle structure 2 includes a support base 21 mounted on the base 11, and the support base 21 includes a support plate 211 and a positioning base 212, and the support plate 211 is fixed on the base 11. The positioning seat 212 is disposed through the supporting plate 211 and fixed to the supporting plate 211 by a countersunk head bolt. The positioning seat 212 is provided with a driving sleeve 23 in a penetrating manner, the driving sleeve 23 is cylindrical, and the driving sleeve 23 is rotatably connected to the positioning seat 212. The driving sleeve 23 is axially provided with a main shaft 22 in a penetrating manner, the upper end face of the main shaft 22 is fixedly connected with a transition plate 25, the transition plate 25 is fixed on the upper end face of the driving sleeve 23, and one side of the transition plate 25, which is far away from the main shaft 22, is fixedly connected with a bearing plate 24 for fixing a workpiece. The main shaft 22 is provided with a conductive assembly 28 at an end away from the carrier plate 24, the conductive assembly 28 is used for transmitting current to the main shaft 22 and the carrier plate 24, and a driving member 27 for driving the driving sleeve 23 to rotate is provided at a side of the supporting plate 211 away from the carrier plate 24.

During machining, an operator fixes the workpiece on the upper surface of the carrier plate 24, then the operator energizes the main shaft 22 through the conductive assembly 28, and the main shaft 22 transmits current to the workpiece through the transition plate 25 and the carrier plate 24 in sequence. The driving member 27 drives the driving sleeve 23 to rotate at this time, so that the driving sleeve 23 drives the bearing plate 24 to rotate, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate so as to process the workpiece.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the transition plate 25 includes a contact plate 251 and a conductive plate 252, the conductive plate 252 and the contact plate 251 are each in a circular plate shape, a cross-sectional area of the conductive plate 252 is greater than a cross-sectional area of the contact plate 251, and a cross-sectional area of the contact plate 251 is greater than a cross-sectional area of the main shaft 22. The contact plate 251 is fixed to the main shaft 22 by a countersunk bolt, the conductive plate 252 is fixed to the contact plate 251 by a countersunk bolt, and the carrier plate 24 is fixed to the conductive plate 252 by a countersunk bolt. At this time, the contact area between the conductive plate 252 and the bearing plate 24 is larger than the contact area between the contact plate 251 and the main shaft 22, so that the transition plate 25 increases the contact area between the main shaft 22 and the bearing plate 24, thereby reducing the resistance between the main shaft 22 and the bearing plate 24, and reducing the heat accumulation between the main shaft 22 and the bearing plate 24, so as to improve the conductivity between the main shaft 22 and the bearing plate 24.

In addition, the main shaft 22, the transition plate 25 and the conductive plate 252 are made of copper materials, and the copper materials have good conductive effects.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, two ends of the driving sleeve 23 along the length direction are respectively inserted with an insulating sleeve 26, the insulating sleeves 26 are used for insulating and isolating the main shaft 22 and the driving sleeve 23, the main shaft 22 is simultaneously inserted into the two insulating sleeves 26, and the transition plate 25 is arranged in one of the insulating sleeves 26. The insulating sleeve 26 includes an insulating plate 261, a fixing ring 262 and a positioning ring 263, the insulating plate 261 is circular plate-shaped, and the insulating plate 261 abuts on the end face of the driving sleeve 23. The fixing ring 262 is annular, the fixing ring 262 and the insulating plate 261 are integrally formed, and the fixing ring 262 and the insulating plate 261 are concentric.

In the process of fixing the insulating plate 261, the operator inserts the fixing ring 262 into the driving sleeve 23, and penetrates the spindle 22 into the fixing ring 262, and the insulating plate 261 is provided with a through hole for the spindle 22 to pass through. At this time, the outer side wall of the fixing ring 262 abuts against the inner wall of the driving sleeve 23, and the inner wall of the fixing ring 262 abuts against the outer side wall of the main shaft 22, so that the main shaft 22 and the driving sleeve 23 are isolated in an insulating manner, and the possibility of electric conduction between the main shaft 22 and the driving sleeve 23 is reduced.

Referring to fig. 8 and 10, a limiting groove 264 having the same size as the contact plate 251 is formed in a side of the insulating plate 261 facing away from the driving sleeve 23, and the contact plate 251 is embedded in the limiting groove 264. At this time, the position-limiting groove 264 positions the contact plate 251 to increase the connection stability between the contact plate 251 and the insulating plate 261. And the insulating plate 261 can insulate and isolate the driving sleeve 23 from the contact plate 251, so that the insulating effect between the driving sleeve 23 and the main shaft 22 is further improved. The positioning ring 263 is fixed on one side of the insulating plate 261 departing from the driving sleeve 23 through a countersunk bolt, and the positioning ring 263 is sleeved on the contact plate 251, so that the contact plate 251 is positioned, and the matching stability between the contact plate 251 and the insulating plate 261 is further improved. And the positioning ring 263 may be provided in plural in the axial direction of the contact plate 251, and one positioning ring may be provided in this embodiment, so as to insulate and position the contact plate 251 with different thicknesses.

Referring to fig. 8 and 10, the conductive plate 252, the contact plate 251 and the insulating plate 261 are simultaneously fixed to the driving sleeve 23 by the fixing bolt 253 to achieve the effect of fixing the transition plate 25, thereby increasing the connection firmness between the driving sleeve 23 and the main shaft 22 and increasing the connection firmness between the driving sleeve 23 and the bearing plate 24. And the fixing bolt 253 is sleeved with an insulating bush 254, and the insulating bush 254 is simultaneously arranged in the conductive plate 252 and the contact plate 251 in a penetrating manner, so that the fixing bolt 253 is separated from the conductive plate 252 and the contact plate 251 to achieve an insulating effect.

Referring to fig. 8 and 10, a gap is reserved between the driving sleeve 23 and the main shaft 22 and the two insulating sleeves 26 to form a heat dissipation channel 231, an air inlet hole 222 is formed in one end of the main shaft 22 away from the contact plate 251, and an air outlet hole 221 with the same size as the air inlet hole 222 is formed in one end of the main shaft 22 facing the contact plate 251. The main shaft 22 is provided with two drainage holes 223 along the radial direction, wherein one of the drainage holes 223 is communicated with the air inlet hole 222, the other drainage hole 223 is communicated with the air outlet hole 221, and the two drainage holes 223 are communicated with the uniform heat dissipation channel 231.

Referring to fig. 8 and 10, during the operation of the main shaft 22, an operator connects the air inlet hole 222 with the air delivery device, and at this time, the air delivery device can deliver air into the heat dissipation channel 231 through the air inlet hole 222, so that the air cools and cools the surface of the main shaft 22, and the possibility of the surface of the main shaft 22 having too high temperature is reduced. Meanwhile, the cross-sectional area of the heat dissipation channel 231 is larger than that of the drainage hole 223, so that the air can slowly flow in the heat dissipation channel 231, the air can be in full contact with the main shaft 22, the heat dissipation effect of the main shaft 22 is improved, and the possibility of overhigh temperature of the main shaft 22 in the use process is further reduced.

In addition, one of the drainage holes 223 is disposed at one end of the main shaft 22 in the length direction, and is adjacent to one of the insulating sleeves 26; another drainage aperture 223 is provided at the other end of the main shaft 22, adjacent to the other insulating sleeve 26. The distance between the two drainage holes 223 is the largest at this time, so that the contact degree of the air and the main shaft 22 can be further improved, and the cooling effect on the main shaft 22 is improved.

Referring to fig. 8 and 10, the contact plate 251 and the conductive plate 252 are both provided with an air vent 255, and the air vent 255 is formed along an axial direction of the contact plate 251 or the conductive plate 252. The two exhaust holes 255 are communicated with each other, and the two exhaust holes 255 are simultaneously communicated with the air outlet hole 221. One side of the conductive plate 252 facing away from the contact plate 251 is radially provided with an exhaust groove 256 communicated with the exhaust hole 255, and the exhaust hole 255 is located in the middle of the exhaust groove 256. Two air outlets 257 are opened on one side of the conductive plate 252 away from the carrier plate 24, wherein one of the air outlets 257 is communicated with one end of the air exhaust groove 256, and the other air outlet 257 is communicated with the other end of the air exhaust groove 256.

After the gas passes through the heat dissipation channel 231, the gas enters the exhaust hole 255 through the gas outlet hole 221 and is exhausted from the exhaust port 257 through the exhaust groove 256. At this time, the gas in the exhaust groove 256 contacts the carrier plate 24, so that the carrier plate 24 can be further cooled, and the contact plate 251 and the conductive plate 252 are cooled.

Referring to fig. 7 and 9, a check valve 258 is connected to each of the two exhaust ports 257 to prevent the external air from flowing backward. The driving sleeve 23 is sleeved with a wind shield 29 between the main shaft 22 and the bearing plate 24, one end of the wind shield 29 is fixed on the supporting plate 211, and a gap is reserved between one end of the wind shield 29 far away from the supporting plate 211 and the bearing plate 24. The air is then discharged through the one-way valve 258 into the interior of the windshield 29. Therefore, the air in the windshield 29 contacts the carrier 24 to increase the air flow velocity on the surface of the carrier 24, so as to achieve the effect of cooling the carrier 24, and further reduce the possibility of over-temperature at the connection between the carrier 24 and the main shaft 22.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the conductive assembly 28 includes a conductive seat 281, a rotor 282 and a stator 283, the conductive seat 281 is disposed in the insulating sleeve 26 at an end of the driving sleeve 23 far from the transition plate 25, and the conductive seat 281 is fixed on an end surface of the main shaft 22 far from the contact plate 251 by a countersunk bolt, so as to achieve an effect of energizing the main shaft 22. Rotor 282 and stator 283 are circular barrel, and rotor 282 passes through the countersunk head bolt to be fixed in the one end that electrically conductive seat 281 deviates from insulating cover 26, and the outside of rotor 282 is located to the stator 283 cover, and the inner wall of stator 283 and the lateral wall of rotor 282 are to the laminating. When the electric spindle is in operation, the stator 283 is energized, and the stator 283 transmits current to the conductive seat 281 through the rotor 282 and then to the spindle 22 through the conductive seat 281, so as to achieve the purpose of current transmission.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, a mounting groove 284 is formed in one side of the conductive seat 281, which faces away from the spindle 22, an air inlet pipe 285 is connected to the bottom wall of the mounting groove 284, and the air inlet pipe 285 is fixed on the conductive seat 281 through an insulating pad. Meanwhile, an air inlet flow passage for communicating the air inlet hole 222 with the air inlet pipe 285 is formed in the conductive seat 281. The air inlet pipe 285 is coaxial with the rotor 282, and one end of the air inlet pipe 285 far away from the conductive seat 281 extends out of the rotor 282. The intake pipe 285 is fixed to the stator 283 through the mounting plate, and the intake pipe 285 is rotatably connected with the mounting plate through an adapter, so that an operator can conveniently connect the gas delivery device with the intake pipe 285.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the driving member 27 includes a timing wheel 272, a timing belt 273 and a driving motor 271, and the driving motor 271 is fixed to a side of the supporting plate 211 facing away from the loading plate 24 through a bracket. The synchronous wheels 272 are provided with two synchronous wheels 272, one synchronous wheel 272 is sleeved on the driving sleeve 23, the other synchronous wheel 272 is sleeved on the output shaft of the driving motor 271, and the synchronous belt 273 is simultaneously sleeved on the two synchronous wheels 272. The operator starts the driving motor 271, and the driving motor 271 drives the synchronizing wheel 272 to rotate, and the synchronous belt 273 drives another synchronizing wheel 272 to drive the driving sleeve 23 to rotate, so that the driving sleeve 23 drives the bearing plate 24 to rotate, and the workpiece rotates, so that the workpiece is processed by the cathode spindle structure 3.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, a blocking member 8 for blocking the electrolyte is disposed between the supporting plate 211 and the bearing plate 24, the blocking member 8 includes a lower isolation cylinder 81 fixed on the supporting plate 211, and an upper isolation cylinder 82 sleeved on the bearing plate 24, and the upper isolation cylinder 82 is fixed on the bearing plate 24 by a bolt. The lower isolation cylinder 81 is sleeved on one side of the windshield 29 departing from the driving sleeve 23, and one end of the lower isolation cylinder 81 far away from the supporting plate 211 is arranged in the upper isolation cylinder 82, so as to coincide with the upper isolation cylinder 82. In the process of processing the workpiece, the electrolyte flows downwards along the bearing plate 24, and at the moment, the electrolyte can drip downwards along the lower isolation cylinder 81, so that the lower isolation cylinder 81 blocks the electrolyte, the situation that the electrolyte flows into the lower isolation cylinder 81 is reduced, and the situation that the main shaft 22 is corroded by the electrolyte is reduced.

Meanwhile, one side of the supporting plate 211 facing the bearing plate 24 is provided with a circular blocking ring 86, the blocking ring 86 is positioned in the lower isolation cylinder 81, and the blocking ring 86 can increase the height of the supporting plate 211 in the lower isolation cylinder 81, so that the situation that electrolyte permeates into the lower isolation cylinder 42 is further reduced.

Referring to fig. 7 and 11, one end of the lower isolation cylinder 81 facing the bearing plate 24 is provided with a shielding ring 83 extending inward, the shielding ring 83 includes a connecting ring 831 and a blocking ring 832, the connecting ring 831 is in a ring plate shape, the outer edge of the connecting ring 831 is fixed on the inner wall of the lower isolation cylinder 81, and one side of the connecting ring 831, which is away from the lower isolation cylinder 81, is inclined toward the bearing plate 24. The baffle ring 832 is in a ring cylinder shape, the baffle ring 832 is fixed on the inner edge of the connecting ring 831, and the outer side wall of the baffle ring 832 is parallel to the outer side wall of the lower isolation cylinder 81. The lower isolation cylinder 81 is integrally formed with the connection ring 831 and the baffle ring 832, and the baffle ring 832 extends toward one side of the connection ring 831 facing the bearing plate 24, thereby extending the height of the lower isolation cylinder 81 to block mist generated by the electrolyte.

Meanwhile, the baffle ring 832 increases the gap between the lower isolation cylinder 81 and the upper isolation cylinder 82, so that the floating time of the mist generated by the electrolyte between the baffle ring 832 and the upper isolation cylinder 82 can be prolonged, the floating force of the mist is weakened, and the mist is retained between the baffle ring 832 and the upper isolation cylinder 82. At this time, the mist is easily condensed on the connection ring 831 to form water drops and flows down along the connection ring 831, thereby reducing the possibility of water accumulation on the connection ring 831.

Referring to fig. 7 and 11, the carrier plate 24 is provided with a spacer 84 on a side thereof facing the support plate 211, the spacer 84 being in the form of an annular cylinder. The spacer 84 is located between the lower insulating cylinder 81 and the baffle ring 832, and a portion of the baffle ring 832 is coincident with the spacer 84, so that the spacer 84 increases the complexity of the path between the upper insulating cylinder 82 and the baffle ring 832 to increase the difficulty of the mist floating between the baffle ring 832 and the upper insulating cylinder 82. Meanwhile, the distance between the isolation ring 84 and the upper isolation cylinder 82 is larger than the distance between the isolation ring 84 and the baffle ring 832, so that the floating time of the mist between the upper isolation cylinder 82 and the isolation ring 84 can be prolonged, and the floating force of the mist is further weakened, so that the fog is blocked by the isolation ring 84.

Referring to fig. 7 and 11, a sealing ring 85 is sleeved on one end of each of the upper isolation cylinder 82 and the isolation ring 84 away from the bearing plate 24 along the circumferential direction, the sealing ring 85 is made of rubber, and the rubber itself is soft and can have elasticity, so that deformation can be generated. And the sealing ring 85 sleeved on the upper isolation cylinder 82 is abutted against the outer side wall of the lower isolation cylinder 81, so that the gap between the upper isolation cylinder 82 and the lower isolation cylinder 81 is filled up, the sealing performance between the upper isolation cylinder 82 and the lower isolation cylinder 81 is improved, and the occurrence of the condition that fog generated by electrolyte enters the lower isolation cylinder 81 is reduced. The sealing ring 85 sleeved on the isolation ring 84 is attached to the outer side wall of the baffle ring 832 to increase the sealing performance between the isolation ring 84 and the baffle ring 832, and further reduce the entrance of mist into the lower isolation cylinder 81.

The implementation principle of a special type processing machine tool of the embodiment of the application is as follows: in the process of machining the workpiece, an operator places the workpiece on the carrier plate 24, and then the operator energizes the stator 283, so that the positioning seat 212 transmits the current to the carrier plate 24 through the rotor 282, the conductive seat 281, the main shaft 22 and the transition plate 25 in sequence, and then the carrier plate 24 is moved to conduct the current to the workpiece. Meanwhile, an operator starts the driving motor 271, and the driving motor 271 which starts drives the driving sleeve 23 to rotate, so that the driving sleeve 23 drives the bearing plate 24 to rotate, the purpose of driving the workpiece to rotate is achieved, and the workpiece can be conveniently machined.

Then, the operator starts the first motor 52, the first motor 52 drives the first lead screw 51 to rotate, so that the first lead screw 51 drives the moving block 53 to drive the moving base 41 to move along the length direction of the machine tool body 1, and at this time, the gantry 4 drives the cathode spindle structure 3 to approach to the workpiece. Then, the operator starts the second motor 63, so that the second motor 63 drives the cathode spindle structure 3 to move along the width direction of the machine tool body 1, and the adjustment of the cathode spindle structure 3 in the horizontal direction is realized. Meanwhile, an operator can drive the moving plate 71 to move along the vertical direction of the portal frame 4 through the third motor 75, so that the height of the cathode spindle structure 3 is adjusted, and the purpose of adjusting the cathode spindle structure 3 in multiple directions is achieved. The speed reducing motor 78 can drive the cathode spindle structure 3 to rotate on the moving plate 71, so as to adjust the deflection angle of the large end of the cathode spindle structure 3, so as to precisely process the workpiece.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a special type machine tool which characterized in that: the machining device comprises an anode main shaft structure (2) and a cathode main shaft structure (3) which are arranged on a machine tool body (1), wherein the anode main shaft structure (2) is arranged on a base (11) of the machine tool body (1) and used for fixing a workpiece, and the cathode main shaft structure (3) is arranged on the machine tool body (1) through a moving device and used for machining the workpiece;

the moving device comprises a portal frame (4) used for installing a cathode spindle structure (3), a driving mechanism (5) used for driving the portal frame (4) to move is arranged on the machine tool body (1), a moving seat (41) is arranged on the driving mechanism (5), the portal frame (4) is installed on the moving seat (41), a transverse adjusting piece (6) used for adjusting the portal frame (4) is arranged on the moving seat (41), and the moving direction of the transverse adjusting piece (6) is crossed with the moving direction of the portal frame (4);

the gantry crane is characterized in that a vertical adjusting piece (7) used for adjusting the cathode spindle structure (3) to lift is arranged on the gantry crane (4), the cathode spindle structure (3) is rotatably arranged on the vertical adjusting piece (7), and a speed reduction motor (78) used for driving the cathode spindle structure (3) to rotate is arranged on the vertical adjusting piece (7).

2. The special processing machine tool of claim 1, wherein: the anode spindle structure (2) comprises a supporting seat (21) arranged on a machine tool, a spindle (22) penetrates through the supporting seat (21), the spindle (22) is rotatably arranged on the supporting seat (21), and a driving piece (27) for driving the spindle (22) to rotate is arranged on the supporting seat (21);

the upper end face of the main shaft (22) is connected with a bearing plate (24) used for fixing a workpiece, and one end, far away from the bearing plate (24), of the main shaft (22) is connected with a conductive component (28).

3. The special processing machine tool of claim 2, wherein: a transition plate (25) is arranged between the main shaft (22) and the bearing plate (24), the cross-sectional area of the transition plate (25) is larger than that of the main shaft (22), one end of the transition plate (25) abuts against the main shaft (22), and the other end of the transition plate abuts against the bearing plate (24).

4. The special processing machine tool of claim 2, wherein: an air outlet hole (221) is formed in one end, close to the bearing plate (24), of the main shaft (22), an air inlet hole (222) is formed in one end, far away from the bearing plate (24), of the main shaft (22), and a heat dissipation channel (231) is communicated between the air inlet hole (222) and the air outlet hole (221) of the main shaft (22).

5. The special processing machine tool of claim 4, wherein: the driving sleeve (23) is sleeved on the main shaft (22), two ends of the driving sleeve (23) are respectively provided with an insulating sleeve (26), the inner wall of the insulating sleeve (26) is abutted against the outer side wall of the main shaft (22), and the outer side wall of the insulating sleeve (26) is abutted against the inner wall of the driving sleeve (23);

the heat dissipation channel (231) is formed between the main shaft (22) and the driving sleeve (23), and the air inlet hole (222) and the air outlet hole (221) are communicated with the heat dissipation channel (231) through a drainage hole (223).

6. The special processing machine tool of claim 5, wherein: the cross-sectional area of the heat dissipation channel (231) is larger than that of the drainage hole (223).

7. The special processing machine tool of claim 2, wherein: the main shaft (22) is sleeved with a wind shield (29) between the supporting seat (21) and the bearing plate (24), the air outlet (221) is communicated with the inner cavity of the wind shield (29), one end of the wind shield (29) is fixed on the supporting seat (21), and a gap is reserved between one end of the wind shield (29) far away from the supporting seat (21) and the bearing plate (24).

8. The special processing machine tool of claim 2, wherein: main shaft (22) is equipped with baffle (8) that are used for keeping apart electrolyte between supporting seat (21) and loading board (24) cover, baffle (8) are including setting up lower isolation section of thick bamboo (81) on supporting seat (21), and set up last isolation section of thick bamboo (82) on loading board (24), keep apart a section of thick bamboo (81) down and keep away from the one end of supporting seat (21) and extend to in supreme isolation section of thick bamboo (82).

9. The special processing machine tool of claim 8, wherein: keep apart a section of thick bamboo (81) down and keep away from the one end of supporting seat (21) and be equipped with the retaining ring (83) that shelters from of inside extension, the retaining ring (83) are including go-between (831) and fender ring (832), the outer fringe of go-between (831) is connected under in keep apart on a section of thick bamboo (81), the one end that keeps off ring (832) is fixed in on the inner edge of go-between (831), keep off ring (832) and keep away from the one end of go-between (831) and extend to loading board (24).

10. The special processing machine of claim 9, wherein: the bearing plate (24) is provided with an isolation ring (84) between the baffle ring (832) and the upper isolation cylinder (82), and the distance between the isolation ring (84) and the upper isolation cylinder (82) is larger than the distance between the isolation ring (84) and the baffle ring (832).