CN104525975B - Utilize the device and method of common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface workpiece - Google Patents

Utilize the device and method of common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface workpiece Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104525975B
CN104525975B CN201410781961.0A CN201410781961A CN104525975B CN 104525975 B CN104525975 B CN 104525975B CN 201410781961 A CN201410781961 A CN 201410781961A CN 104525975 B CN104525975 B CN 104525975B
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workpiece
upper pedestal
lower base
template
curved surface
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CN104525975A (en
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徐卫红
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MCC SFRE Heavy Industry Equipment Co Ltd
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MCC SFRE Heavy Industry Equipment Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B5/00Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B23B5/36Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning specially-shaped surfaces by making use of relative movement of the tool and work produced by geometrical mechanisms, i.e. forming-lathes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of device utilizing common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface workpiece, be included on the side tool post ram of vertical lathe and be provided with lower base, lower base is provided above with upper pedestal;It is also associated with adjusting screw rod between screwed hole and the big lug of lower base of upper pedestal;Being provided with push rod in the little lug of upper pedestal, push rod relies on guide plate to guide, and the polished rod between push rod major part rear end face and the little lug of upper pedestal is socketed with disc spring group;Upper pedestal is also equipped with the little axle protruded upward;It is clamped with template between little axle and push rod;Template is fixedly mounted on crossbeam upwardly through boatswain chair.The invention also discloses a kind of method utilizing common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface workpiece, depend on above-mentioned device and implement.Assembly of the invention and method, simple in construction, simple, utilize common vertical lathe to be achieved at low cost the processing to revolution solid of curved surface workpiece.

Description

Utilize the device and method of common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface workpiece
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant equipment manufacturing technology field, relate to one and utilize common vertical lathe profiling to add The device of work revolution solid of curved surface workpiece, the invention still further relates to one and utilizes common vertical lathe copying bent The method of face revolving body workpieces.
Background technology
Common vertical lathe is one of equipment conventional in machining, and common vertical lathe is at processing diameter Greatly, length short workpiece time there is convenient mounting and clamping, feature that precision is high, therefore when processing this kind of workpiece Common vertical lathe plays an important role, and meanwhile, compared with numerical control vertical lathe, common vertical lathe is also There is equipment purchasing expense low, the feature that maintenance cost is low.
But, common vertical lathe can only be processed and face rotary type workpiece directly, for revolution solid of curved surface class work Part, can only process on numerical control vertical lathe, even for the revolution solid of curved surface class workpiece that required precision is the highest, Common vertical car also cannot directly be processed.
Therefore a kind of device of processing curve rotary type workpiece on common vertical lathe is developed, it is achieved On common vertical lathe, the method for processing curve rotary type workpiece, becomes a skill of machine industry Art difficult point.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one and utilize common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface workpiece Device, solve in prior art for revolution solid of curved surface class workpiece, can only process on numerical control vertical lathe, Even for the revolution solid of curved surface class workpiece that required precision is the highest, what common vertical car also cannot be processed asks Topic.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide one and utilize common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface The method of workpiece.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, one utilizes common vertical lathe copying surface rotation The device of body workpiece, is included on the side tool post ram of vertical lathe and is provided with lower base, above lower base It is provided with upper pedestal;It is also associated with adjusting screw rod between screwed hole and the big lug of lower base of upper pedestal; Being provided with push rod in the little lug of upper pedestal, push rod relies on guide plate to guide, and push rod major part rear end face is with upper It is socketed with disc spring group on polished rod between the little lug of pedestal;It is little that upper pedestal is also equipped with protruding upward Axle;It is clamped with template between little axle and push rod;Template is upwards connected with boatswain chair, boatswain chair upwards fixing peace It is contained on crossbeam;
Being machined with keyway in described template, when template is assembled with boatswain chair, the key on boatswain chair is mutual with keyway Socket;
Being machined with gathering sill on described lower base, upper pedestal is provided with guide pad, and lower base is by guiding Groove is slidably matched with the guide pad of upper pedestal.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is, one utilizes common vertical lathe copying curved surface The method of revolving body workpieces, depends on above-mentioned utilization common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface work The device of part, implements according to following steps:
Step 1, make the movement in left-right direction of side tool post ram be in free state, manufacture supporting imitative Shape processing unit (plant);
Step 2, lower base is fixed on side tool post ram, after little axle is installed on upper pedestal, Again upper pedestal is installed on lower base, makes lower base adjust to as far as possible away from the workpiece centre of gyration, tighten Screw makes upper pedestal fix with lower base;It is firm push rod and disc spring group and guide plate to be installed;
Step 3, template is fixed on boatswain chair, then boatswain chair top is arranged on crossbeam, makes template Entering between little axle and push rod, at this moment push rod holds out against template under the effect of disc spring group, and make template with Little axle also keeps contact condition;
Step 4, to cutter process, workpiece is fixed on platen position to be processed, starts lathe, Adjust crossbeam and the position of side tool post ram up and down, until tool nose is upper and lower with workpiece outer wall center of arc Direction is coplanar, and makes the center of template arc surface coplanar with the center above-below direction of little axle;Then left and right Adjusting boatswain chair, boatswain chair is moved left and right to be driven by little axle and push rod and moves about the synchronization of side tool post ram Dynamic, according to the allowance situation of workpiece, cutter is adjusted to the suitable relative position with the workpiece centre of gyration After, tighten the puller bolt above crossbeam;
Step 5, first side tool post ram is moved up, make tool nose position be on the curved surface of workpiece On end face, start lathe and make work table rotation;Then side tool post ram is moved down and start linkage and walk Cutter, side tool post ram by the lower base interfixed with it, upper pedestal and little axle and push rod in template Under control, can move according to pre-set track, the cutter being arranged on side tool post ram termination will Work pieces process is gone out the curved surface needed;
After covering a cutter, then move side tool post ram make tool nose position be in workpiece upper surface it On, loosen but screw of not exclusively dismantling, make upper pedestal and lower base relative motion, rotate adjusting screw rod, Making lower base move to workpiece centre of gyration direction relative to upper pedestal, lower base can drive the side being secured to Knife rest ram moves to workpiece centre of gyration direction, it is achieved feed, after the mobile suitable depth of cut, then twists Tight screw, makes upper pedestal and lower base become again stationary state, then starts downward linkage motion cutting the second cutter,
So repeat, until by the Machining of Curved Surface of workpiece to predetermined size.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, this apparatus structure is simple, and method is simple, utilizes the most vertical Lathe is achieved at low cost the processing to revolution solid of curved surface workpiece.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the curved-surface structure schematic diagram of the inventive method revolving body workpieces to be processed;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention utilizes the apparatus structure of common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface workpiece to show It is intended to (master regards);
Fig. 3 is the Section A-A sectional view in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the section B-B sectional view in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the C-C cross-sectional view in Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the lower base 4 in apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the side view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the D-D cross-sectional view in Fig. 6;
Fig. 9 is push rod 10 structural representation that the inventive method uses;
Figure 10 is the top view of Fig. 9;
Figure 11 is little axle 13 structural representation that the inventive method uses;
Figure 12 is template 15 structural representation that the inventive method uses;
Figure 13 is the E-E cross-sectional view in Figure 12.
In figure, 1. workpiece, 2. curved surface, 3. side tool post ram, 4. lower base, 5. upper pedestal, 6. screw, The longest counterbore, 8. gathering sill, 9. adjusting screw rod, 10. push rod, 11. guide plates, 12. disc spring groups, 13. little axles, 14. boatswain chairs, 15. templates, 16. arc surfaces, 17. keyways, 18. crossbeams, 19. puller bolts.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
With reference to Fig. 1, for revolution solid of curved surface class workpiece, the cylindrical of workpiece 1 is designed with curved surface 2, This curved surface 2 can be designed as arbitrary surface, for sake of convenience, the curved surface 2 of following example as required Being the concave arc curved surface of the injectivity radius R, the curved surface of other shapes is by that analogy.
With reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the copying revolution solid of curved surface work that the inventive method relies on The device (abbreviation copying apparatus) of part, its structure is, is included in the side tool post ram 3 of vertical lathe On lower base 4 (both are fixing connects) is installed, lower base 4 is provided above with upper pedestal 5, upper pedestal 5 are connected to one by multiple screws 6 with lower base 4, have for installing spiral shell in upper pedestal 5 The long counterbore 7 (Fig. 2 embodiment is four long counterbores 7) of nail 6, so makes when unclamping screw 6, Upper pedestal 5 and lower base 4 can left and right relative movement, the guide pad of upper pedestal 5 and lower base time mobile Gathering sill 8 socket on 4 ensures to guide, to ensure that upper pedestal 5 and lower base 4 are in strict accordance with direction water Flat relative movement;It is also associated with adjusting screw rod between screwed hole and the big lug of lower base 4 of upper pedestal 5 9, rely on the rotation of adjusting screw rod 9 to realize the relative movement of upper pedestal 5 and lower base 4;Upper pedestal 5 Little lug in push rod 10 is installed, push rod 10 relies on guide plate 11 to guide, push rod 10 major part rear end Disc spring group 12 it is socketed with on polished rod between face and the little lug of upper pedestal 5;Upper pedestal 5 be also equipped with to On the little axle 13 that stretches out;Being clamped with template 15 between little axle 13 and push rod 10, push rod 10 passes through dish The precompression of spring group 12 forms enough clamping forces to template 15 together with little axle 13;Template 15 is upwards Being connected with boatswain chair 14, boatswain chair 14 is upwards fixedly mounted on crossbeam 18, boatswain chair 14 and crossbeam 18 it Between be provided with puller bolt 19, see Fig. 5, in order to make boatswain chair 14 be fixed on precalculated position on crossbeam 18.
With reference to Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, lower base 4 being machined with gathering sill 8, upper pedestal 5 is provided with leads To block, lower base 4 is slidably matched by the guide pad of gathering sill 8 with upper pedestal 5, it is ensured that upper pedestal 5 Move along direction level of relative with lower base 4.
With reference to Fig. 9 and Figure 10, the front end of push rod 10 be radius be the arc surface 16 of F, this arc surface 16 are used for holding out against template 15, and therefore arc surface 16 needs through surface hardening, with contact-enhancing intensity.
Such as Figure 11, the structure of little axle 13 is, the outside diameter of little axle 13 is D, due to little axle 13 with Template 15 contacts profiling and will bear the cutting force adding man-hour, and little axle 13 should carry out Quenching Treatment and strengthen just Degree and hardness.
With reference to Figure 12 and Figure 13, for ensureing that location is reliable, template 15 is machined with keyway 17, template 15 when assembling with boatswain chair 14, utilizes the realization that socket-connects mutually with keyway 17 of key on boatswain chair 14 the most fixed Position (see Fig. 3), the arc radius of template 15 both sides determines according to below equation:
R1=R-D/2;
R2=R+F,
In above formula: R is the design arc radius (see Fig. 1) of the curved surface 2 of workpiece to be processed 1;
F is the front end arc radius (see Figure 10) of push rod 10, generally takes 20-30 millimeter;
D is the diameter (see Figure 11) of little axle 13, generally takes 30-50 millimeter.
The present invention utilizes the method for common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface workpiece, utilizes above-mentioned Device, implements according to following steps:
Step 1, leading screw side tool post ram 3 internal control of vertical lathe moved left and right are removed, and make Side tool post ram 3 movement in left-right direction is in free state (i.e. left and right directions in Fig. 2);Press Require to manufacture supporting copying apparatus, the diameter of little axle 13 according to above-mentioned corresponding component size technologies D generally can take 30-50 millimeter, and the front end arc radius F of push rod 10 generally can take 20-30 millimeter, Template left and right arc radius R1 and radius R2 makes after calculating according to aforementioned formula;
Step 2, lower base 4 is fixed on side tool post ram 3, little axle 13 is installed to upper pedestal 5 After on, then upper pedestal 5 is installed on lower base 4, adjusts screw rod 9 when noting installing, make lower seat Body 4 adjust to as far as possible away from the workpiece centre of gyration with ensure follow-up feed time have enough adjustment amounts, tighten Screw 6 makes upper pedestal 5 fix with lower base 4;Push rod 10 and disc spring group 12 and guide plate 11 are pacified It is firm to fill;
Step 3, template 15 is fixed on boatswain chair 14, then boatswain chair 14 top is arranged on crossbeam On 18 (first do not fix, treat follow-up adjustment), make template 15 enter between little axle 13 and push rod 10 (see Fig. 2), at this moment push rod 10 holds out against template 15 under the effect of disc spring group 12, and makes template 15 with little Axle 13 also keeps contact condition;
Step 4, to cutter process, workpiece 1 is fixed on platen position to be processed, starts lathe, Adjust crossbeam 18 and the position of side tool post ram 3 up and down, until tool nose and workpiece 1 outer wall circular arc Center above-below direction is coplanar, and makes the center of template 15 arc surface and the center above-below direction of little axle 13 Coplanar;Then left and right adjusts boatswain chair 14, and boatswain chair 14 moves left and right and will pass through little axle 13 and push rod 10 Drive side tool post ram 3 to synchronize to move left and right, according to the allowance situation of workpiece 1, cutter is adjusted to Behind the suitable relative position of workpiece 1 centre of gyration, tighten crossbeam 18 puller bolt 19 above, make Boatswain chair 14 is fixed with crossbeam 18, and now the right position of template 15 is also fixed;
Step 5, first side tool post ram 3 is moved up, make tool nose position be in the song of workpiece 1 On upper surface, face 2, start lathe and make work table rotation;Then side tool post ram 3 is moved down out Beginning linkage feed, side tool post ram 3 is by the lower base 4 interfixed with it, upper pedestal 5 and little axle 13 and push rod 10 under the control of template 15, (i.e. template can be moved according to pre-set track The arc surface 16 of 15), workpiece 1 will be processed needs by the cutter being arranged on side tool post ram 3 termination Curved surface 2;After covering a cutter, then move side tool post ram 3 and make tool nose position be in workpiece 1 On upper surface, loosen but screw 6 of not exclusively dismantling, make upper pedestal 5 and lower base 4 relative motion, Rotate adjusting screw rod 9, make lower base 4 move to workpiece centre of gyration direction relative to upper pedestal 5, long heavy Hole 7 makes screw 6 have mobile space, now lower base 4 can drive the side tool post ram 3 that is secured to Workpiece centre of gyration direction is moved, and reaches the purpose of feed, after the mobile suitable depth of cut, then tightens spiral shell Nail 6, makes upper pedestal 5 and lower base 4 become again stationary state, then starts downward linkage motion cutting the second cutter,
So repeat, until by curved surface 2 overall processing of workpiece 1 to predetermined size.

Claims (4)

1. the device utilizing common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface workpiece, it is characterised in that: Being included on the side tool post ram (3) of vertical lathe and be provided with lower base (4), lower base (4) is above It is provided with upper pedestal (5);Also connect between screwed hole and the big lug of lower base (4) of upper pedestal (5) It is connected to adjusting screw rod (9);The little lug of upper pedestal (5) is provided with push rod (10), push rod (10) Rely on guide plate (11) to guide, the little lug of push rod (10) major part rear end face and upper pedestal (5) it Between polished rod on be socketed with disc spring group (12);Upper pedestal (5) is also equipped with the little axle (13) protruded upward; Template (15) it is clamped with between little axle (13) and push rod (10);Template (15) upwards with boatswain chair (14) connecting, boatswain chair (14) is upwards fixedly mounted on crossbeam (18);
Being machined with keyway (17) in described template (15), template (15) is assembled with boatswain chair (14) Time, the key on boatswain chair (14) socket-connects mutually with keyway (17);
Being machined with gathering sill (8) on described lower base (4), upper pedestal (5) is provided with guide pad, Lower base (4) is slidably matched by the guide pad of gathering sill (8) with upper pedestal (5).
Utilization the most according to claim 1 common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface workpiece Device, it is characterised in that: described upper pedestal (5) and lower base (4) are by multiple screws (6) It is connected to one, upper pedestal (5) has the long counterbore (7) for installing screw (6).
3. the method utilizing common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface workpiece, it is characterised in that Depend on the dress utilizing common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface workpiece described in claim 1-2 Put, implement according to following steps:
Step 1, make side tool post ram (3) movement in left-right direction be in free state, manufacture supporting Copying apparatus;
Step 2, lower base (4) is fixed on side tool post ram (3), little axle (13) is installed After on upper pedestal (5), then upper pedestal (5) is installed on lower base (4), makes lower base (4) adjust to as far as possible away from the workpiece centre of gyration, tighten screw (6) and make upper pedestal (5) and lower seat Body (4) is fixed;It is firm push rod (10) and disc spring group (12) and guide plate (11) to be installed;
Step 3, template (15) is fixed on boatswain chair (14), then boatswain chair (14) top is pacified It is contained on crossbeam (18), makes template (15) enter between little axle (13) and push rod (10), at this moment Push rod (10) holds out against template (15) under the effect of disc spring group (12), and make template (15) with Little axle (13) also keeps contact condition;
Step 4, to cutter process, workpiece (1) is fixed on platen position to be processed, starter motor Bed, adjusts crossbeam (18) and the position of side tool post ram (3) up and down, until tool nose and workpiece (1) outer wall center of arc above-below direction is coplanar, and makes the center of template (15) arc surface and little axle (13) center above-below direction is coplanar;Then left and right adjusts boatswain chair (14), and boatswain chair (14) left and right is moved Move and side tool post ram (3) will be driven to synchronize move left and right by little axle (13) and push rod (10), Cutter is adjusted to and the suitable phase of workpiece (1) centre of gyration by the allowance situation according to workpiece (1) Para-position postpones, and tightens crossbeam (18) puller bolt (19) above;
Step 5, first side tool post ram (3) is moved up, make tool nose position be in workpiece (1) Curved surface (2) upper surface on, start lathe and make work table rotation;Then by side tool post ram (3) Move down and start the feed that links, side tool post ram (3) by the lower base (4) interfixed with it, Upper pedestal (5) and little axle (13) and push rod (10), can be according in advance under the control of template (15) The track first set moves, and the cutter being arranged on side tool post ram (3) termination will be by workpiece (1) Process the curved surface (2) of needs;
After covering a cutter, then move side tool post ram (3) and make tool nose position be in workpiece (1) On upper surface, loosen but screw (6) of not exclusively dismantling, make upper pedestal (5) and lower base (4) phase To motion, rotate adjusting screw rod (9), make lower base (4) upper pedestal (5) relatively in workpiece turns round Heart direction is moved, and lower base (4) can drive the side tool post ram (3) being secured in workpiece turns round Heart direction is moved, it is achieved feed, after the mobile suitable depth of cut, then tightens screw (6), makes upper pedestal (5) become again stationary state with lower base (4), then start downward linkage motion cutting the second cutter,
So repeat, until the curved surface (2) of workpiece (1) is worked into predetermined size.
Utilization the most according to claim 3 common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface workpiece Method, it is characterised in that in described step 1, the arc radius of template (15) both sides is according to following Formula determines:
R1=R-D/2;
R2=R+F,
In above formula, R1 is the exradius of template (15);
R2 is the inner circle radius of template (15);
R is the design arc radius of the curved surface (2) of workpiece to be processed (1);
F is the front end arc radius of push rod (10);
D is the diameter of little axle (13).
CN201410781961.0A 2014-12-16 2014-12-16 Utilize the device and method of common vertical lathe copying revolution solid of curved surface workpiece Active CN104525975B (en)

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CN106694976B (en) * 2017-02-03 2019-01-04 山东迈特力重机有限公司 A kind of big machinery press connecting rod semi arch processing tool
CN108031866A (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-05-15 宁夏共享精密加工有限公司 A kind of method for turning for reducing hydraulic turbine crown surface roughness

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JPH07148602A (en) * 1993-10-13 1995-06-13 Ibm Japan Ltd Spherical surface machining method, its device and jig used for the device
CN1289246C (en) * 2004-09-14 2006-12-13 青岛港(集团)有限公司 Piston top curved surface processing device for verticle lathe
CN201127997Y (en) * 2007-11-20 2008-10-08 扬动股份有限公司 Profiling vehicle spherical surface device
CN201493482U (en) * 2009-09-14 2010-06-02 徐州工业职业技术学院 Device for large-diameter spherical surface processing of vertical lathe
CN201950218U (en) * 2011-01-30 2011-08-31 王泉国 Device for turning special-shaped surface of workpiece
CN202239652U (en) * 2011-08-16 2012-05-30 安阳鑫盛机床股份有限公司 Device used for turning ball-end parts
CN103537717B (en) * 2013-08-02 2016-01-13 华中科技大学 A kind of swing type becomes inclination angle non-circular cutting mechanism and numerically controlled lathe thereof

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