CN113397172A - Liver disease total nutrient formula food rich in marine bioactive peptide - Google Patents

Liver disease total nutrient formula food rich in marine bioactive peptide Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113397172A
CN113397172A CN202010181535.9A CN202010181535A CN113397172A CN 113397172 A CN113397172 A CN 113397172A CN 202010181535 A CN202010181535 A CN 202010181535A CN 113397172 A CN113397172 A CN 113397172A
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food
bioactive peptide
vitamin
total nutrient
marine
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王雪芹
于华华
邢荣娥
刘松
陈晓琳
李荣锋
李克成
秦玉坤
李鹏程
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Institute of Oceanology of CAS
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of food processing, in particular to a full-nutrition formula food for patients with liver diseases. The formula food contains food-derived bioactive peptide and extract of medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicine; wherein, the total mass of the two accounts for 20 to 55 percent of the total mass of the food. The food prepared by the formula can provide a high-quality nitrogen source for liver disease patients, supplements essential amino acids, vitamins and mineral substances, meets the special diet requirements of the liver disease patients, has the effect of protecting the liver by marine bioactive peptides and Chinese herbal medicines in the formula food, can improve the immunity of the liver disease patients, and is a full-nutrition formula food suitable for the liver disease patients.

Description

Liver disease total nutrient formula food rich in marine bioactive peptide
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of food processing, in particular to a full-nutrition formula food for patients with liver diseases.
Background
In recent years, with the change of dietary structure and the increase of working pressure of life, the number of patients with chronic liver diseases such as fatty liver and hepatitis has been increased sharply, and severe patients may develop liver cirrhosis, eventually leading to liver failure. Malnutrition is one of the common complications for patients with liver disease, under the side effects of surgical trauma and medications. Malnutrition can lead to a decrease in the patient's immunity, accelerate the disease process, and lead to a series of complications. There is a significant portion of patients who have a chance to abandon the continued treatment due to malnutrition, and their survival rate or quality of life is also significantly lower than for well-nourished patients. Therefore, the enteral nutrition support of patients with liver diseases is very important for postoperative recovery.
The liver disease total nutrient formula food is specially processed and prepared aiming at special nutrient requirements of liver disease patients with limited food intake, digestive absorption disorder and metabolic disorder, and plays an extremely important nutrient support role in the treatment, rehabilitation and organism function maintenance processes of the liver disease patients. Marine bioactive peptides extracted from marine biological resources such as marine fishes, shellfishes, algae and the like are proved to have the effect of protecting the liver, and researches show that food-borne short peptides obtained by hydrolysis of specific protease have the advantages of no toxic or side effect, easy absorption, no increase of gastrointestinal burden, capability of quickly supplementing a nitrogen source for an organism and suitability for nutritional supplement of patients with liver diseases.
In recent years, the research and patents of liver disease total nutrient formula foods exist in China, and the liver disease total nutrient formula foods are simply compounded by common foods, such as the publication No. 108142877A 'a liver disease total nutrient formula food for medical use and a preparation method thereof'; there are formulated foods prepared mainly from Chinese herbal medicines used as both medicine and food, such as laid-open No. 105361146A "a full-nutrition special formulated food for patients with liver diseases"; there are also formulated foods prepared by mixing food and Chinese herbal medicines, such as Japanese laid-open patent publication No. 103431275B, "a whole grain nutritional formula food for liver disease patients". However, most of the foods have various raw materials; and no specific activity evaluation data is used as a theoretical basis. At present, no patent report exists on an example that a formula food prepared by compounding a marine bioactive peptide serving as a main component with a Chinese herbal medicine which can be used as both medicine and food is applied to daily nutrition supplement of patients with liver diseases.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a liver disease total nutrient formula food rich in marine bioactive peptides.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a liver disease total nutrient formula food rich in marine bioactive peptide contains food-derived bioactive peptide and extract of medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicine; wherein, the total mass of the two accounts for 20 to 55 percent of the total mass of the food.
The food comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-40% of food-derived bioactive peptide, 5-15% of extract of medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicine, 2-10% of branched chain amino acid, 50-70% of carbohydrate, 2-5% of dietary fiber, 2-8% of vegetable oil, 1-3% of vitamin and 1-3% of mineral substance.
The food-derived bioactive peptide is a bioactive substance obtained by using marine organisms as raw materials and adopting an enzyme technology, an ultrafiltration technology and a spray drying technology.
The food-derived bioactive peptide is one or more of bioactive peptides prepared from marine organism sources, and is supplemented with one or more of protein food auxiliary materials, and the mass ratio of the bioactive peptides to the protein food auxiliary materials is 2: 1-5: 1.
The protein food auxiliary material is one or a mixture of casein, soy protein isolate and whey protein powder.
The medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicine is one or more of radix Puerariae, fructus Gardeniae, rhizoma Dioscoreae, and Poria.
The branched chain amino acid is one or more of valine, leucine and isoleucine.
The carbohydrate is one or more of hydrolyzed corn starch, maltodextrin, sucrose and isomaltitol.
The dietary fiber is one or more of isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide and inulin.
The fat raw material is one or more of corn oil, olive oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower seed oil, linseed oil and peanut oil.
The vitamins are as follows: vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K1Vitamin B1Vitamin B2Vitamin B6Vitamin B12Vitamin C, nicotinic acid, and leafOne or more of acid, pantothenic acid, biotin and choline; the mineral substances are: potassium, sodium, copper, magnesium, ferrum, zinc, manganese, calcium, phosphorus, iodine, chlorine, selenium, fluorine, chromium, and molybdenum.
A preparation method of a liver disease total nutrient formula food rich in marine bioactive peptides comprises mixing food-derived bioactive peptides, extracts of Chinese herbal medicines used as both medicine and food, carbohydrates, dietary fibers, vegetable oil, vitamins and minerals according to a certain proportion to obtain the formula food.
The addition of vitamins and minerals in the invention is carried out according to GB 29922-2013 general food rules for special medical applications.
The invention has the following advantages:
the food is prepared from food-derived marine bioactive peptides serving as main raw materials, kudzu vine root, cape jasmine fruit, Chinese yam and poria cocos which are medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicines with the liver protection effect, and vegetable oil derived from fat, vitamins and mineral substances. By the synergistic effect of the marine bioactive peptide and the liver protection function factor in the traditional Chinese medicine extract, a high-quality nitrogen source is provided for liver disease patients, the intestinal tract burden is reduced, the level of hepatocyte trophic factors is increased, the liver function reserve is improved, the body immunity of the liver disease patients is enhanced, and the effects of supplementing nutrients for the body and protecting the liver are achieved.
(1) The marine organism active peptide is polypeptide prepared from marine organism resources by using an enzyme technology, has the molecular weight of below 3000Da, belongs to the category of small molecular peptide, is easy to be absorbed by human bodies, can timely supplement a nitrogen source for hepatopaths with poor digestion and absorption capacity, and does not increase the burden of intestines and stomach.
(2) The marine organism active peptide, in particular to oyster active peptide, has the effect of protecting the liver through animal experiment verification.
(3) Radix Puerariae, fructus Gardeniae, rhizoma Dioscoreae, and Poria in the medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicine have been proved to have liver protecting effect, and functional factors contained in the Chinese herbal medicine can improve immunity of liver disease patients.
(4) The formula food of the invention is added with a plurality of vitamins and mineral substances, and the marine bioactive peptide has chelation effect with metal ions such as copper, iron, magnesium and the like, thereby increasing the mineral substance absorption rate of intestines and stomach.
(5) The active peptides of marine organisms and the kudzu roots, the gardenia, the Chinese yams and the poria cocos in the medical and edible Chinese herbal medicine have the functions of oxidation resistance, inflammation resistance and immunoregulation, and the resistance of patients with liver diseases is enhanced through the synergistic effect of the active peptides of marine organisms and the functional factors in the medical and edible Chinese herbal medicine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of the formula of the present invention on AST and ALT in mouse serum; the liver disease total nutrient formula food is compounded, and different letters show that the difference between groups is extremely significant, namely P is less than 0.05.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of the formula of the present invention on the MDA content in liver tissue of a mouse; note: different letters indicate that a very significant difference between groups was achieved, i.e. P < 0.01.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the formula of the present invention on the GSH content in liver tissues of mice; note: different letters indicate that a very significant difference between groups was achieved, i.e. P < 0.05.
FIG. 4 shows the effect of the formula of the present invention on the SOD content in mouse liver tissue; note: different letters indicate that a very significant difference between groups was achieved, i.e. P < 0.01.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. The following examples are presented to further illustrate embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention takes food-derived marine bioactive peptide as a main raw material, adds medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicines containing liver-protecting components such as kudzuvine root, gardenia, Chinese yam, tuckahoe and the like, and then adds carbohydrate, dietary fiber, vegetable oil, vitamins and mineral substances to form formula food. The formula food is prepared into powder or granular food according to a preparation method of a medical liver disease total nutrient formula food, and is dissolved in warm boiled water for eating. The food prepared by the formula can provide a high-quality nitrogen source for liver disease patients, supplements essential amino acids, vitamins and mineral substances, meets the special diet requirements of the liver disease patients, has the effect of protecting the liver by marine bioactive peptides and Chinese herbal medicines in the formula food, can improve the immunity of the liver disease patients, and is a full-nutrition formula food suitable for the liver disease patients.
Example 1
A liver disease total nutrient formula food (powder) rich in marine bioactive peptide, wherein each 100g of the liver disease total nutrient formula food contains: oyster active peptide, soybean protein isolate, branched chain amino acid, gardenia, isomaltitol, maltodextrin, fructo-oligosaccharide, inulin, corn oil, vitamins and minerals are prepared according to the following raw materials and dosage. Wherein the Concha Ostreae active peptide is prepared by hydrolyzing Concha Ostreae homogenate with trypsin, and spray drying.
18g of oyster active peptide, 7g of soybean protein isolate, 4g of branched chain amino acid (valine 1.2g, leucine 1.6g and isoleucine 1.2g), 2g of cape jasmine fruit, 28g of isomaltitol, 30g of maltodextrin, 3g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 3g of inulin, 3g of corn oil, 45.47mg of vitamin and 1.98g of mineral.
The addition amount of the vitamin GB 29922 and 2013 general rules for food for special medical use are implemented. Wherein, the addition amount of the vitamins in each 100g of the liver disease total nutrient formula food is as follows: vitamin A500 μ g, vitamin D7.0 μ g, vitamin E8.0 mg, and vitamin K 130 mug of vitamin B10.6mg of vitamin B20.6mg of vitamin B60.6mg of vitamin B122.0 mug, 2.0mg nicotinic acid, 120 mug folic acid, 3.0mg pantothenic acid, 30mg vitamin C and 12 mug biotin.
The addition amount of the mineral substances GB 29922 and 2013 general rules for foods for special medical uses. Wherein the addition amount of minerals in each 100g of the liver disease total nutrient formula food is as follows: 350mg of sodium, 450mg of potassium, 500 mu g of copper, 70mg of magnesium, 5mg of iron, 3mg of zinc, 100 mu g of manganese, 300mg of calcium, 250mg of phosphorus, 45 mu g of iodine, 500mg of chlorine, 30 mu g of selenium, 25 mu g of molybdenum and 22 mu g of chromium.
The formula food can be used as total nutrition support or partial nutrition supplement, and is recommended to be ingested by patients at a daily intake of 300g/60Kg, and is concocted with warm water into paste (formula: water is 1:4) for ingestion, and can be taken as three meals. If the patient can eat normally, the formula food can be used as part of nutritional supplement, and the intake can be properly reduced.
Example 2
A liver disease total nutrient formula food (powder) rich in marine bioactive peptide, wherein each 100g of the liver disease total nutrient formula food contains: oyster active peptide, casein, branched chain amino acid, kudzu root powder, cane sugar, isomaltitol, xylo-oligosaccharide, isomaltose oligosaccharide, rapeseed oil, vitamins and minerals are prepared according to the following raw materials and dosage.
20g of oyster active peptide, 5g of casein, 4g of branched chain amino acid (valine 1.4g, leucine 1.4g and isoleucine 1.2g), 2g of kudzu root powder, 25g of cane sugar, 32g of isomaltitol, 3g of xylooligosaccharide, 3g of isomaltooligosaccharide, 4g of rapeseed oil, 51.50mg of vitamin and 2.06g of mineral.
The addition amount of the vitamin GB 29922 and 2013 general rules for food for special medical use are implemented. Wherein, the addition amount of the vitamins in each 100g of the liver disease total nutrient formula food is as follows: vitamin A450 μ g, vitamin D6.0 μ g, vitamin E7.0 mg, vitamin K 120 mug of vitamin B10.8mg, vitamin B20.8mg, vitamin B60.8mg, vitamin B121.0 μ g, 3.0mg nicotinic acid, 100 μ g folic acid, 3.5mg pantothenic acid, 35mg vitamin C, 15 μ g biotin.
The addition amount of the mineral substances GB 29922 and 2013 general rules for foods for special medical uses. Wherein the addition amount of minerals in each 100g of the liver disease total nutrient formula food is as follows: 320mg of sodium, 550mg of potassium, 400 mu g of copper, 80mg of magnesium, 4.5mg of iron, 3.5mg of zinc, 120 mu g of manganese, 400mg of calcium, 300mg of phosphorus, 40 mu g of iodine, 450mg of chlorine, 25 mu g of selenium, 30 mu g of molybdenum and 20 mu g of chromium.
The formula food can be used as total nutrition support or partial nutrition supplement, and is recommended to be ingested by patients at a daily intake of 300g/60Kg, and is concocted with warm water into paste (formula: water is 1:4) for ingestion, and can be taken as three meals. If the patient can eat normally, the formula food can be used as part of nutritional supplement, and the intake can be properly reduced.
Example 3
A liver disease total nutrient formula food (powder) rich in marine bioactive peptide, wherein each 100g of the liver disease total nutrient formula food contains: oyster active peptide, whey protein powder, branched chain amino acid, yam powder, hydrolyzed corn starch, isomaltitol, xylooligosaccharide, isomaltooligosaccharide, rapeseed oil, vitamins and minerals are prepared according to the following raw materials and dosage.
20g of oyster active peptide, 8g of whey protein powder, 4g of branched chain amino acid (valine 1.0g, leucine 1.5g and isoleucine 1.5g), 4g of yam powder, 28g of hydrolyzed corn starch, 25g of isomaltitol, 2g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 2g of inulin, 5g of corn oil, 51.65mg of vitamin and 1.90g of mineral.
The addition amount of the vitamin GB 29922 and 2013 general rules for food for special medical use are implemented. Wherein, the addition amount of the vitamins in each 100g of the liver disease total nutrient formula food is as follows: vitamin A500 μ g, vitamin D7.0 μ g, vitamin E6.0 mg, vitamin K 125 mug of vitamin B10.5mg, vitamin B20.5mg, vitamin B60.5mg, vitamin B123.0 mug, 1.0mg nicotinic acid, 90 mug folic acid, 2.5mg pantothenic acid, 40mg vitamin C and 10 mug biotin.
The addition amount of the mineral substances GB 29922 and 2013 general rules for foods for special medical uses. Wherein the addition amount of minerals in each 100g of the liver disease total nutrient formula food is as follows: 350mg of sodium, 450mg of potassium, 250 mu g of copper, 90mg of magnesium, 4.5mg of iron, 4.0mg of zinc, 100 mu g of manganese, 300mg of calcium, 200mg of phosphorus, 50 mu g of iodine, 500mg of chlorine, 40 mu g of selenium, 30 mu g of molybdenum and 30 mu g of chromium.
The formula food can be used as total nutrition support or partial nutrition supplement, and is recommended to be ingested by patients at a daily intake of 300g/60Kg, and is concocted with warm water into paste (formula: water is 1:4) for ingestion, and can be taken as three meals. If the patient can eat normally, the formula food can be used as part of nutritional supplement, and the intake can be properly reduced.
Application example: animal experiments verify that the liver disease total nutrient formula food has the protection effect on alcoholic liver injury model mice
1. Experimental animals: c57BL/6 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, with a body weight of 18-22 g.
2. Grouping experiments: the experimental mice are randomly divided into 6 groups, each group comprises 12 mice, and the groups respectively comprise a blank group, a model group, a positive control group and a liver disease total nutrient formula food low, medium and high dose group. The intragastric administration dosage of the liver disease total nutrient formula food is respectively 120mg/kg/d, 240mg/kg/d and 480mg/kg/d, the intragastric administration volume is 10mL/kg, wherein the dosage group in the liver disease total nutrient formula is 10 times of the daily administration dosage of the liver disease total nutrient powder in the market; the positive control group bifendate gavage dose is 10 mg/kg/d; the blank group and the model group were administered with distilled water of the same volume per day, and after 1 hour, 5 groups except the blank group were continuously administered with ethanol having a gastric lavage concentration of 50% in accordance with 10mL/kg BW, and molded for 42 d. After the last molding, fasting for 16h, taking blood in a 2ml centrifuge tube by an eye ball removing method, and separating serum; after blood sampling, mice are sacrificed by cervical dislocation, livers are taken out by timely autopsy, left leaves are fixed, the rest is homogenized, and detection and pathological histological examination of each index are carried out.
3. Measurement indexes are as follows: observing the behavior characteristics of mice in low, medium and high dose groups of the liver disease total nutrient formula food, and respectively measuring the contents of alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) in the serum of each group of mice and the contents of Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced Glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver tissue homogenate of the mice by using corresponding kits.
4. Statistical analysis: SPSS18.0 statistical software is applied, the metering mode is represented by ' mean plus or minus standard deviation ', a one-factor variance method is adopted for comparison among groups, an LSD method is used for analyzing when the variances among the groups are two-by-two compared and the method of Dunnett's is used for analyzing when the variances are not uniform.
5. Results of the experiment
5.1 morphological Observation of mice: the liver disease total nutrient formula food has the advantages that the mice in low, medium and high dose groups do not have toxic reaction, the development is good, the appearance of naked eyes and main organs are not abnormal, and the liver index of the mice in each dose group is not abnormal. Animal experiments preliminarily prove that the liver disease total nutrient formula food has no chronic toxicity, and the liver disease total nutrient formula food prepared by the invention is safe and has no toxic or side effect.
5.2 Effect of the liver disease Total nutrient formula food on AST and ALT in serum of model mice.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the AST and ALT levels were elevated in the model group compared to the blank group (P <0.05), and the AST and ALT levels were significantly reduced in the low, medium, and high dose groups of the bifendate group and the liver disease total nutritional formula (P <0.05) compared to the model group. The formula foods with different dosages can improve the liver biochemical indexes of the alcoholic liver injury mice.
5.3 Effect of the liver disease Total Nutrition formula food on MDA in liver tissue of model mice.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the MDA content in the model group was significantly increased (P <0.01) compared to the blank group, and the low, medium and high dose groups of the bifendate group and the liver disease total nutrient formula were all able to significantly decrease the MDA content in the liver tissue of the mouse (P <0.01) compared to the model group.
5.4 Effect of liver disease Total nutrient formula food on GSH and SOD in liver tissue of model mouse.
As can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, the GSH and SOD contents in the model group were significantly decreased (P <0.05) compared to the blank group, while the GSH and SOD contents in the biphenyldicarboxylate group and the liver disease total nutrient formula were increased to different degrees in the low, medium and high dose groups compared to the model group, wherein the GSH content in the liver disease total nutrient formula was significantly increased (P <0.05) compared to the model group, and the SOD content in the liver disease total nutrient formula was significantly increased (P <0.01) compared to the model group.
The embodiment proves that the liver disease total nutrient formula food rich in the marine biological active peptide has no toxic or side effect and adverse reaction through animal experiment verification, and can reduce ALT and AST contents in blood serum of an alcoholic liver injury mouse, reduce MDA content in liver tissue and improve peroxidase activity in the liver tissue. The liver disease total nutrient formula food provided by the invention can provide daily required nutrition supplement for liver disease patients, can adjust physiological and biochemical indexes of the liver disease patients, improves the oxidation resistance of organisms, and provides a theoretical basis for postoperative recovery of the liver disease patients.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A liver disease total nutrient formula food rich in marine bioactive peptide is characterized in that: the formula food contains food-derived bioactive peptide and extract of medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicine; wherein, the total mass of the two accounts for 20 to 55 percent of the total mass of the food.
2. The marine bioactive peptide-rich total nutrient formula food for liver diseases according to claim 1, wherein the marine bioactive peptide-rich total nutrient formula food comprises: the food comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-40% of food-derived bioactive peptide, 5-15% of extract of medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicine, 2-10% of branched chain amino acid, 50-70% of carbohydrate, 2-5% of dietary fiber, 2-8% of vegetable oil, 1-3% of vitamin and 1-3% of mineral substance.
3. The total nutritional formula enriched in marine bioactive peptides for liver diseases according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the food-derived bioactive peptide is one or more of bioactive peptides prepared from marine organism sources, and is supplemented with one or more of protein food adjuvants at a mass ratio of 2: 1-5: 1.
4. The marine bioactive peptide-rich total nutrient formula food for liver diseases according to claim 3, wherein the marine bioactive peptide-rich total nutrient formula food comprises: the protein food auxiliary material is one or a mixture of casein, soy protein isolate and whey protein powder.
5. The total nutritional formula enriched in marine bioactive peptides for liver diseases according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicine is one or more of radix Puerariae, fructus Gardeniae, rhizoma Dioscoreae, and Poria.
6. The marine bioactive peptide-rich total nutrient formula for liver diseases according to claim 2, wherein the marine bioactive peptide-rich total nutrient formula comprises: the branched chain amino acid is one or more of valine, leucine and isoleucine.
7. The marine bioactive peptide-rich total nutrient formula for liver diseases according to claim 2, wherein the marine bioactive peptide-rich total nutrient formula comprises: the carbohydrate is one or more of hydrolyzed corn starch, maltodextrin, sucrose and isomaltitol.
8. The marine bioactive peptide-rich total nutrient formula for liver diseases according to claim 2, wherein the marine bioactive peptide-rich total nutrient formula comprises: the dietary fiber is one or more of isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide and inulin; the fat raw material is one or more of corn oil, olive oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower seed oil, linseed oil and peanut oil.
9. The marine bioactive peptide-rich total nutrient formula for liver diseases according to claim 2, wherein the marine bioactive peptide-rich total nutrient formula comprises: the vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K1Vitamin B1Vitamin B2Vitamin B6Vitamin B12One or more of vitamin C, nicotinic acid, folic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin and choline; the mineral is one or more of potassium, sodium, copper, magnesium, ferrum, zinc, manganese, calcium, phosphorus, iodine, chlorine, selenium, fluorine, chromium, and molybdenum.
10. A process for preparing the full-nutrition formula food rich in marine bioactive peptides for liver diseases according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: mixing food-derived bioactive peptide, extract of Chinese herbal medicine for both food and medicine, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, vegetable oil, vitamins and minerals according to a certain proportion to obtain the formula food.
CN202010181535.9A 2020-03-16 2020-03-16 Liver disease total nutrient formula food rich in marine bioactive peptide Pending CN113397172A (en)

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